CN107484557B - High-value crop grafting method - Google Patents
High-value crop grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107484557B CN107484557B CN201710761048.8A CN201710761048A CN107484557B CN 107484557 B CN107484557 B CN 107484557B CN 201710761048 A CN201710761048 A CN 201710761048A CN 107484557 B CN107484557 B CN 107484557B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-value crop grafting method, which comprises the following steps: pre-culturing a stock, preparing grafting, treating a wound, managing after grafting, and outplanting a grown seedling. According to the invention, through the optimization of the stock variety and the pre-culture of the stock, namely through the mold hoop, the growth characteristic of the grafting cut is artificially guided, so that a position more suitable for grafting is reconstructed, and the grafting success rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant grafting, in particular to a grafting method.
Background
The grafting is one of the vegetative propagation methods of plants, and can conveniently solve the problems of harsh requirements on the survival conditions and low survival rate of the plants. The grafting utilizes the self-adjusting viability of organisms, and in the survival adjustment of the rootstocks, the artificial scions inserted into the rootstocks absorb the internal hormones of the rootstocks and are fused at the interfaces, so that a whole body is formed. In later growth, the rootstock provides only minerals and moisture, and its genetic material comes from the scion. Thereby artificially solving the problem of low survival rate of the plants.
The invention patent application No. 201610970343X discloses a grafting method, which improves the healing speed of grafting wounds and simultaneously remarkably improves the survival rate of grafted seedlings by the steps of selecting stocks and scions, sterilizing, grafting, treating the wounds, managing after grafting, successfully outplanting and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a high-value crop grafting method, which provides a new grafting idea to improve the survival rate of grafted seedlings.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized as follows:
a high-value crop grafting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pre-culturing the rootstock, selecting a tree variety with high nutrient leaching rate of a section as an alternative rootstock variety, and using a mould to clamp the main stem of the rootstock belonging to the alternative rootstock variety to limit the shape of the main stem at the position; the height of the mold is more than 3cm, the mold is limited by the mold to be attached to the inner surface of the mold in the growth process of the stock, a lower attachment line between the stock and the inner surface of the mold is an observation line, a stock forming layer parallel to the observation line is a grafting tangent line, and the width of the grafting tangent line is the grafting width;
preparing grafting, namely selecting branches with thick and strong young stems, moderate seedling height, slightly shorter diameter width than grafting width and no diseases and insect pests as scions; removing the mould, sawing off the stock to form a smooth section, wherein the height of the section is 0-3cm higher than the observation line;
grafting by adopting a cutting and grafting method, and specifically comprising the following operation steps: vertically cutting downwards along a grafting tangent line, wherein the lowest position of the cut is lower than an observation line, and then aligning the forming layers of the rootstock and the scion to insert the scion into the cut;
treating wounds, fixing the position of a scion, and binding the side wall of the stock;
managing after grafting, shading the scions and the stocks, and culturing in a rain-shading way;
and (4) seedling outplanting, namely outplanting and transplanting the grafted seedlings after the management after the grafting.
The principle of the high-value crop grafting method is as follows: when the rootstock is clamped by the mold, because the rootstock is limited by the mold, the nutrient substances are blocked at the observation line, and the variety of the rootstock selects the tree variety with high nutrient substance seepage rate on the section, so that the cell proliferation is more easily formed at the observation line. In the grafting preparation step, the stock is sawed off along an observation line, and the nutrient leaching rate at the section is higher than a normal level due to the reduction of the internal pressure; the rootstock is sawn off higher than the observation line, so that the rootstock cambium parallel to the inner surface of the mold can be utilized, and the attaching degree of the cambium is improved.
In order to avoid the infection of the incision with rot disease, the grafting preparation step and the grafting step further comprise another step: and (4) disinfecting, namely disinfecting the rootstock and the scion. The disinfection step is used for preventing the incision from being infected with the rot disease, reducing uncontrollable factors and increasing the success rate of grafting.
In order to improve the grafting success rate, in the grafting step, each stock is grafted with a plurality of scions. In the stock pre-culture step, at least two grafting tangents are formed by the stock and the mould, correspondingly, at least two cuts can be cut in the grafting step, and one scion is inserted into each cut.
Compared with the prior art, the grafting method for the high-value crops has the beneficial effects that: the growth characteristics of grafting cuts are artificially guided by optimizing the variety of the rootstock and pre-culturing the rootstock, so that a position more suitable for grafting is reconstructed, and the grafting success rate is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change of the relationship between the stock and the mold during the stock pre-culture step in the high-value crop grafting method.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a sawn section in a preparation step for grafting in a method for grafting high-value crops.
FIG. 3 is a cut-away perspective view of example 1 in a grafting preparation step of a high value crop grafting method.
FIG. 4 is a cut-away perspective view of examples 2 and 3 in a grafting preparation step of a high value crop grafting method.
Description of the reference numerals
1 stock, 11 observation lines, 12 stock cambiums, 2 moulds, 3 grafting widths and 4 sawing lines.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 1-3, a method for grafting high-value crops is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pre-culturing rootstock, selecting a tree variety with high nutrient leaching rate of a section as an alternative rootstock variety, and clamping a main stem of a rootstock 1 belonging to the alternative rootstock variety by using a mould 2 to limit the shape of the main stem at the position; the height of the mold is 3cm, the rootstock 1 is attached to the inner surface of the mold 2 due to the limitation of the mold in the growth process, the lower attachment line of the rootstock and the inner surface of the mold is an observation line 11, a rootstock cambium layer 12 parallel to the observation line is a grafting tangent line, and the width of the grafting tangent line is the grafting width;
preparing grafting, namely selecting branches with thick and strong young stems, moderate seedling height, slightly shorter diameter width than grafting width and no diseases and insect pests as scions; removing the mould, sawing off the rootstock to form a smooth section, wherein the height of the section is 0cm higher than the observation line, namely sawing off the rootstock from the observation line 11, and referring to the figure 4 after sawing off;
grafting by adopting a cutting and grafting method, and specifically comprising the following operation steps: vertically cutting downwards along a grafting tangent line, wherein the lowest position of the cut is lower than an observation line, and then aligning the forming layers of the rootstock and the scion to insert the scion into the cut;
treating wounds, fixing the position of a scion, and binding the side wall of the stock;
managing after grafting, shading the scions and the stocks, and culturing in a rain-shading way;
and (4) seedling outplanting, namely outplanting and transplanting the grafted seedlings after the management after the grafting.
The principle of the high-value crop grafting method is as follows: when the rootstock is clamped by the mold, because the rootstock is limited by the mold, the nutrient substances are blocked at the observation line, and the variety of the rootstock selects the tree variety with high nutrient substance seepage rate on the section, so that the cell proliferation is more easily formed at the observation line. In the grafting preparation step, the stock is sawed off along an observation line, and the nutrient leaching rate at the section is higher than a normal level due to the reduction of the internal pressure; the rootstock is sawn off higher than the observation line, so that the rootstock cambium parallel to the inner surface of the mold can be utilized, and the attaching degree of the cambium is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the grafting method for the high-value crops has the beneficial effects that: the growth characteristics of grafting cuts are artificially guided by optimizing the variety of the rootstock and pre-culturing the rootstock, so that a position more suitable for grafting is reconstructed, and the grafting success rate is improved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-2 and 4, a method for grafting high-value crops comprises the following steps:
pre-culturing rootstock, selecting a tree variety with high nutrient leaching rate of a section as an alternative rootstock variety, and clamping a main stem of a rootstock 1 belonging to the alternative rootstock variety by using a mould 2 to limit the shape of the main stem at the position; the height of the mold 2 is 4cm, the rootstock 1 is attached to the inner surface of the mold due to the limitation of the mold 2 in the growth process, the lower attachment line of the rootstock and the inner surface of the mold is an observation line 11, a rootstock cambium layer 12 parallel to the observation line is a grafting tangent line, and the width of the grafting tangent line is the grafting width;
preparing grafting, namely selecting branches with thick and strong young stems, moderate seedling height, slightly shorter diameter width than grafting width and no diseases and insect pests as scions; removing the mould, sawing off the rootstock to form a smooth section, wherein the height of the section is 1.5cm higher than the observation line, namely, sawing off the rootstock from the upper part of the observation line 11, and referring to the figure 4 after sawing off;
sterilizing the stock and the scion;
grafting by adopting a cutting and grafting method, and specifically comprising the following operation steps: vertically cutting downwards along a grafting tangent line, wherein the lowest position of the cut is lower than an observation line, then aligning the cambium of the stock and the scion, and inserting the scion into the cut, wherein in the step, 2 scions are inserted into the stock, and the scions are distributed on two sides of the stock;
treating wounds, fixing the position of a scion, and binding the side wall of the stock;
managing after grafting, shading the scions and the stocks, and culturing in a rain-shading way;
and (4) seedling outplanting, namely outplanting and transplanting the grafted seedlings after the management after the grafting.
The principle of the high-value crop grafting method is as follows: when the rootstock is clamped by the mold, because the rootstock is limited by the mold, the nutrient substances are blocked at the observation line, and the variety of the rootstock selects the tree variety with high nutrient substance seepage rate on the section, so that the cell proliferation is more easily formed at the observation line. In the grafting preparation step, the stock is sawed off along an observation line, and the nutrient leaching rate at the section is higher than a normal level due to the reduction of the internal pressure; the rootstock is sawn off higher than the observation line, so that the rootstock cambium parallel to the inner surface of the mold can be utilized, and the attaching degree of the cambium is improved. The disinfection step is used for preventing the incision from being infected with the rot disease, reducing uncontrollable factors and increasing the success rate of grafting.
Compared with the prior art, the grafting method for the high-value crops has the beneficial effects that: the growth characteristics of grafting cuts are artificially guided by optimizing the variety of the rootstock and pre-culturing the rootstock, so that a position more suitable for grafting is reconstructed, and the grafting success rate is improved.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1-2 and 4, a method for grafting high-value crops comprises the following steps:
pre-culturing rootstock, selecting a tree variety with high nutrient leaching rate of a section as an alternative rootstock variety, and clamping a main stem of a rootstock 1 belonging to the alternative rootstock variety by using a mould 2 to limit the shape of the main stem at the position; the height of the mold 2 is 4cm, the rootstock 1 is attached to the inner surface of the mold due to the limitation of the mold 2 in the growth process, the lower attachment line of the rootstock and the inner surface of the mold is an observation line 11, a rootstock cambium layer 12 parallel to the observation line is a grafting tangent line, and the width of the grafting tangent line is the grafting width;
preparing grafting, namely selecting branches with thick and strong young stems, moderate seedling height, slightly shorter diameter width than grafting width and no diseases and insect pests as scions; removing the mould, sawing off the rootstock to form a smooth section, wherein the height of the section is 3cm higher than the observation line, namely sawing off the rootstock from the upper part of the observation line 11, and referring to the figure 4 after sawing off;
sterilizing the stock and the scion;
grafting by adopting a cutting and grafting method, and specifically comprising the following operation steps: vertically cutting downwards along a grafting tangent line, wherein the lowest position of the cut is lower than an observation line, then aligning the cambium of the stock and the scion, and inserting the scion into the cut, wherein in the step, 2 scions are inserted into the stock, and the scions are distributed on two sides of the stock;
treating wounds, fixing the position of a scion, and binding the side wall of the stock;
managing after grafting, shading the scions and the stocks, and culturing in a rain-shading way;
and (4) seedling outplanting, namely outplanting and transplanting the grafted seedlings after the management after the grafting.
The principle of the high-value crop grafting method is as follows: when the rootstock is clamped by the mold, because the rootstock is limited by the mold, the nutrient substances are blocked at the observation line, and the variety of the rootstock selects the tree variety with high nutrient substance seepage rate on the section, so that the cell proliferation is more easily formed at the observation line. In the grafting preparation step, the stock is sawed off along an observation line, and the nutrient leaching rate at the section is higher than a normal level due to the reduction of the internal pressure; the rootstock is sawn off higher than the observation line, so that the rootstock cambium parallel to the inner surface of the mold can be utilized, and the attaching degree of the cambium is improved. The disinfection step is used for preventing the incision from being infected with the rot disease, reducing uncontrollable factors and increasing the success rate of grafting.
Compared with the prior art, the grafting method for the high-value crops has the beneficial effects that: the growth characteristics of grafting cuts are artificially guided by optimizing the variety of the rootstock and pre-culturing the rootstock, so that a position more suitable for grafting is reconstructed, and the grafting success rate is improved.
It should be understood that the number of grafting cutting lines is related to the shape of the mould, and is related to the number of the binding surfaces of the stock and the mould, and the number is at least two, but not limited to two.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-value crop grafting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pre-culturing the rootstock, selecting a tree variety with high nutrient leaching rate of a section as an alternative rootstock variety, and using a mould to clamp the main stem of the rootstock belonging to the alternative rootstock variety to limit the shape of the main stem at the position; the height of the mold is more than 3cm, the mold is limited by the mold to be attached to the inner surface of the mold in the growth process of the stock, a lower attachment line between the stock and the inner surface of the mold is an observation line, a stock forming layer parallel to the observation line is a grafting tangent line, and the width of the grafting tangent line is the grafting width;
preparing grafting, namely selecting branches with thick and strong young stems, moderate seedling height, slightly shorter diameter width than grafting width and no diseases and insect pests as scions;
removing the mould, sawing off the stock to form a smooth section, wherein the height of the section is 0-3cm higher than the observation line;
grafting by adopting a cutting and grafting method, and specifically comprising the following operation steps: vertically cutting downwards along a grafting tangent line, wherein the lowest position of the cut is lower than an observation line, and then aligning the forming layers of the rootstock and the scion to insert the scion into the cut;
treating wounds, fixing the position of a scion, and binding the side wall of the stock;
managing after grafting, shading the scions and the stocks, and culturing in a rain-shading way;
and (4) seedling outplanting, namely outplanting and transplanting the grafted seedlings after the management after the grafting.
2. The method for grafting high-value crops according to claim 1, wherein between the grafting preparation step and the grafting step, the method further comprises the following steps: and (4) disinfecting, namely disinfecting the rootstock and the scion.
3. The method for grafting high-value crops according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least two grafting tangents are formed between the rootstock and the mold in the step of preculture of the rootstock, and correspondingly, at least two cuts can be cut in the step of grafting, and each cut is inserted with one scion.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03236722A (en) * | 1990-02-14 | 1991-10-22 | Nippon Steel Corp | Grafting cutter and graftage using same |
| CN1342591A (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-04-03 | 叶德润 | Shape-limited growth method of plant for making antiforge marker |
| CN201355949Y (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2009-12-09 | 金华职业技术学院 | Budding mold |
| CN101642031A (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-02-10 | 吴迪男 | Binding-free grafting and operating apparatus |
| CN103210794A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-07-24 | 辛兴华 | Melon seedling grafting device |
| CN205611299U (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-10-05 | 祁居寿 | Improve scion survival rate and do benefit to plastics protective case that tree crown takes shape |
-
2017
- 2017-08-15 CN CN201710761048.8A patent/CN107484557B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03236722A (en) * | 1990-02-14 | 1991-10-22 | Nippon Steel Corp | Grafting cutter and graftage using same |
| CN1342591A (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-04-03 | 叶德润 | Shape-limited growth method of plant for making antiforge marker |
| CN101642031A (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-02-10 | 吴迪男 | Binding-free grafting and operating apparatus |
| CN201355949Y (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2009-12-09 | 金华职业技术学院 | Budding mold |
| CN103210794A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-07-24 | 辛兴华 | Melon seedling grafting device |
| CN205611299U (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-10-05 | 祁居寿 | Improve scion survival rate and do benefit to plastics protective case that tree crown takes shape |
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| CN107484557A (en) | 2017-12-19 |
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