CN107473873A - A kind of grape special complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of grape special complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107473873A CN107473873A CN201710962206.6A CN201710962206A CN107473873A CN 107473873 A CN107473873 A CN 107473873A CN 201710962206 A CN201710962206 A CN 201710962206A CN 107473873 A CN107473873 A CN 107473873A
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- grape
- chelated
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- chelating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D5/00—Fertilisers containing magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of grape special complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof, is related to planting fruit trees technical field, including following raw material:Peel residue, xylose residue, wormcast, stalk ashes, potassium citrate, sodium alginate, chelated microelement, EM bacteria agent, chelating agent and the granulation aid of fermentation.Its preparation method is first to add water that mixed solution is made potassium citrate, sodium alginate, chelated microelement, EM bacteria agent and chelating agent;Mixed solution is heated and adds other raw materials again and is mixed, will finally mix organic granular is made in material.The grape special complex fertilizer of the present invention is the nutritive peculiarity according to grape growth, and to soil environment and the particular/special requirement of fertilizer, the grape special fertilizer material of development, for promoting grape good development, improving quality, reduce cost and have obvious action, being developed in a healthy way for grape industry provides important technology and supports.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting fruit trees technical field, and in particular to a kind of grape special complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, grape industry development in China's is rapid, brings significant economic benefit and social benefit for main producing region, has
Area, wine-growing also turn into local rural area pillar of the economy industry.By 2011, China's grape -growing areas was up to 15
Ten thousand hectares, throughout all parts of the country, about 2,170,000 tons of total output is annual to export about 230,000 tons of grape, turns into the grape of maximum in the world
Production and export processing state.
At present, the system research in terms of China's grape fertilizer practice also has, although most of peasant households have appreciated that formula
The meaning of fertilising, but be applied on grape Fertilizer application and seldom, impose the nutritional characteristic that inorganic nutrients also seldom consider grape
With the fertile rule of suction, the composite fertilizer of conventional 45% content is often applied, have impact on yield, mouthfeel and quality.Meanwhile in recent years, greenhouse
Because long-term continuous cropping makes soil texture be deteriorated, nutrient imbalance, the content of organic matter reduces grape, the rich scarce gap increasing of trace element,
Ecological Distribution of Soil Microorganisms balance is destroyed, causes pest and disease damage incidence constantly to raise, under causing grape taste, economic benefit obvious
Drop.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of grape special complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof,
This kind of composite fertilizer is the nutritive peculiarity according to grape growth, and to soil environment and the particular/special requirement of fertilizer, development
Grape special fertilizer material, it is grape industry for promoting grape good development, improving quality, reduce cost there is obvious action
Sound development provides important technology support.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of grape special complex fertilizer, including following raw material by weight:Peel residue 45-65 parts of fermentation, xylose
Slag 15-25 parts, wormcast 8-12 parts, stalk ashes 15-25 parts, potassium citrate 4-8 parts, sodium alginate 3-7 parts, the micro member of chelating
Plain 2-4 parts, EM bacteria agent 1-5 parts, chelating agent 1-2 parts and granulation aid 35-45 parts;
Above-mentioned chelated microelement includes following composition by weight:Chelate elemental copper 0.5-0.9 parts, chelating member
Plain sheet 0.8-1.2 parts, element magnesium 0.8-1.2 parts are chelated, chelate element manganese 0.4-1.0 parts, chelate element zinc 0.6-1.2 parts, gathered
Boron 0.5-1.5 parts are closed, chelate molybdenum 0.5-1.2 parts, chelate element cobalt 0.4-1.2 parts, it is chelating elemental selenium 0.8-1.6 parts, old
Bark extract 3-5 parts.
Further, above-mentioned composite fertilizer includes following raw material by weight:55 parts of peel residue, the xylose residue of fermentation
20 parts, 10 parts of wormcast, 20 parts of stalk ashes, 6 parts of potassium citrate, 5 parts of sodium alginate, 3 parts of chelated microelement, EM bacteria agent 3
40 parts of part, 1.5 parts of chelating agent and granulation aid.
Further, above-mentioned chelated microelement includes following composition by weight:0.7 part of elemental copper is chelated,
1 part of elemental iron is chelated, 1 part of chelating element magnesium, 0.7 part of element manganese is chelated, chelates 0.9 part of element zinc, polymerize 1 part of boron, chelating member
Plain 0.8 part of molybdenum, chelate 0.8 part of element cobalt, 1.2 parts of elemental selenium of chelating, 4 parts of dried orange peel extracts.
Further, above-mentioned dried orange peel extracts are made by following steps:Proper amount of fresh dried orange peel is taken to add relative to old
The determining alcohol that 2~4 times of cortex amount is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 1~2h, filters to obtain filter residue, filter residue is added again relative
The ethanol for being 95% in 2~4 times of determining alcohol of filter residue quality, is heated to reflux 1~2h, filtering and impurity removing, merges filtered fluid, remove second
Alcohol, produced after being concentrated into the 1/3-1/2 of original volume.
Further, above-mentioned xylose residue is through the following steps that obtained:Appropriate rice husk is taken to add 15-25% hydrochloric acid acid
2-3h is handled, rice husk is carried out into extraction after filtering separates to obtain hydrolyzate, then with calcium carbonate neutralizing hydrolysis liquid, it is afterwards that hydrolyzate is dense
The 20-30% of original volume is reduced to, decolouring is carried out to concentrate followed by activated carbon and cleans the liquid that must clean, finally removal of impurities liquid is entered
Row condensing crystallizing obtains crystal solution, is produced after separation.
Preferably, above-mentioned EM bacteria agent be in photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete or bacillus subtilis at least three kinds answer
Close microbial inoculum.
Preferably, above-mentioned chelating agent is ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid or hydroxyethylethylene diamine tri-acetic acid
In one kind.
Preferably, above-mentioned granulation aid is one kind in recessed native powder, clay or diatomite.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned grape special complex fertilizer, is followed the steps below:
(1) raw material is weighed by the weight;
(2) it is 90- potassium citrate, sodium alginate, chelated microelement, EM bacteria agent and chelating agent to be added into its weight ratio
110% water stirring and dissolving, obtains mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution is heated to 48-52 DEG C, surplus stock is added in the mixed solution and is stirred 25-
35min, speed of agitator 60-80r/min, obtains batch mixing;
(4) particle, grain diameter 1-3mm finally is made by comminutor in batch mixing.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) grape special fertilizer of the invention takes into full account the required nutritional characteristic of grape in research and development and inhales fertile rule, former
The chelated microelement and chelating agent of ormal weight are added in material, grape can be met to micro in selenium, copper, zinc, iron, phosphorus, manganese etc.
Element needs, and can not only prevent grape early ageing, moreover it is possible to improves the nutritive value content of finished product grape, improves quality;
(2) grape special complex fertilizer of the invention is using the peel residue and wormcast that ferment as organic fertilizer, with recessed native powder, pottery
One kind in soil or diatomite is used as fertilizer carrier, cooperates with inorganic fertilizer composition and EM bacteria agent, reached balanced nutrient, abundance,
Comprehensively, abundant polypeptide, amino acid and various trace elements are provided for growing for grape, and nutrient easily absorbs, no
It is easy to run off, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, and grape growth speed is fast, and yield is high, quality better, and pest disaster incidence reduces, implementation cost
It is low, suitable popularization and application;
(3) grape special complex fertilizer of the invention is prepared simple, and convenient material drawing, cost is cheap, can improve white in grape
Veratryl alcohol, enrichment of the heavy metal in grape, the nitrate content in reduction grape, and the use of this kind of composite fertilizer are reduced, no
Ecological environment and human body can be damaged, green, environmental protection, safety.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described with reference to embodiment, following examples are only used for more
Clearly demonstrate technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of grape special complex fertilizer, including following raw material:Peel residue 45kg, xylose residue 15kg, the wormcast of fermentation
8kg, stalk ashes 15kg, potassium citrate 4kg, sodium alginate 3kg, chelated microelement 2kg, EM bacteria agent 1kg, chelating agent 1kg
With granulation aid 35kg;
Above-mentioned chelated microelement includes following composition by weight:0.5 part of elemental copper is chelated, chelates elemental iron
0.8 part, 0.8 part of chelating element magnesium, 0.4 part of element manganese is chelated, chelates 0.6 part of element zinc, polymerize 0.5 part of boron, chelates molybdenum
0.5 part, chelate 0.4 part of element cobalt, 0.8 part of elemental selenium of chelating, 3 parts of dried orange peel extracts.
Wherein, above-mentioned dried orange peel extracts are made by following steps:1kg fresh tangerine peels are taken to add relative to Quality of Pericarpium
2 times of determining alcohol is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 1h, filters to obtain filter residue, filter residue is added again relative to 2 times of filter residue quality
Determining alcohol be 95% ethanol, be heated to reflux 1, filtering and impurity removing, merge filtered fluid, remove ethanol, be concentrated into the 1/3 of original volume
The dried orange peel extracts needed for raw material of the present invention are made afterwards;
Above-mentioned xylose residue is through the following steps that obtained:15kg rice husk is taken to add 15% hydrochloric acid acid treatment 2h, mistake
Rice husk is subjected to extraction after filter and separates to obtain hydrolyzate, then with calcium carbonate neutralizing hydrolysis liquid, hydrolyzate is concentrated into original volume afterwards
20%, decolouring is carried out to concentrate followed by activated carbon and is cleaned the liquid that must clean, finally carrying out condensing crystallizing to removal of impurities liquid obtains
Crystal solution, the xylose residue needed for raw material of the present invention is made after separation;
Above-mentioned EM bacteria agent uses the composite bacteria agent of three kinds of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete, and the quality between three
Than for 1:1:1;
Above-mentioned chelating agent uses ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid;
Above-mentioned granulation aid uses recessed native powder.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned grape special complex fertilizer, is followed the steps below:
(1) above-mentioned potassium citrate, sodium alginate, chelated microelement, EM bacteria agent and chelating agent are first added into its weight
Than the water stirring and dissolving for 90%, mixed solution is obtained;
(2) mixed solution is heated to 48 DEG C again, surplus stock is added in the mixed solution and is stirred 25min,
Speed of agitator is 60r/min, obtains batch mixing;
(3) particle finally is made by comminutor in batch mixing and grape composite fertilizer special finished product of the invention is made, wherein,
Finished product fertilizer grain diameter is controlled in 1-3mm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of grape special complex fertilizer, including following raw material:Peel residue 55kg, xylose residue 20kg, the wormcast of fermentation
10kg, stalk ashes 20kg, potassium citrate 6kg, sodium alginate 5kg, chelated microelement 3kg, EM bacteria agent 3kg, chelating agent
1.5kg and granulation aid 40kg;
Above-mentioned chelated microelement includes following composition by weight:0.7 part of elemental copper is chelated, chelates elemental iron
1 part, 1 part of chelating element magnesium, 0.7 part of element manganese is chelated, chelates 0.9 part of element zinc, polymerize 1 part of boron, chelates 0.8 part of molybdenum,
Chelate 0.8 part of element cobalt, 1.2 parts of elemental selenium of chelating, 4 parts of dried orange peel extracts;
Wherein, above-mentioned dried orange peel extracts are made by following steps:1kg fresh tangerine peels are taken to add relative to Quality of Pericarpium
3 times of determining alcohol is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 1.5h, filters to obtain filter residue, filter residue is added relative to filter residue quality 3 again
Determining alcohol again is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 1.5h, filtering and impurity removing, merges filtered fluid, removes ethanol, be concentrated into original volume
1/3 after i.e. be made raw material of the present invention needed for dried orange peel extracts;
Above-mentioned xylose residue is through the following steps that obtained:20kg rice husks are taken to add 20% hydrochloric acid acid treatment 2.5h, mistake
Rice husk is subjected to extraction after filter and separates to obtain hydrolyzate, then with calcium carbonate neutralizing hydrolysis liquid, hydrolyzate is concentrated into original volume afterwards
25%, decolouring is carried out to concentrate followed by activated carbon and is cleaned the liquid that must clean, finally carrying out condensing crystallizing to removal of impurities liquid obtains
Crystal solution, the xylose residue needed for raw material of the present invention is made after separation;
Above-mentioned EM bacteria agent uses at least three kinds in photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete and bacillus subtilis of composite bacteria agent, and three
Mass ratio between person is 2:1:1;
Above-mentioned chelating agent uses diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid;
Above-mentioned granulation aid uses clay.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned grape special complex fertilizer, is followed the steps below:
(1) above-mentioned potassium citrate, sodium alginate, chelated microelement, EM bacteria agent and chelating agent are first added into its weight
Than the water stirring and dissolving for 100%, mixed solution is obtained;
(2) mixed solution is heated to 50 DEG C again, surplus stock is added in the mixed solution and is stirred 30min,
Speed of agitator is 70r/min, obtains batch mixing;
(3) particle finally is made by comminutor in batch mixing and grape composite fertilizer special finished product of the invention is made, wherein,
Finished product fertilizer grain diameter is controlled in 1-3mm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of grape special complex fertilizer, including following raw material:Peel residue 65kg, xylose residue 25kg, the wormcast of fermentation
12kg, stalk ashes 25kg, potassium citrate 8kg, sodium alginate 7kg, chelated microelement 4kg, EM bacteria agent 5kg, chelating agent 2kg
With granulation aid 45kg;
Above-mentioned chelated microelement includes following composition by weight:0.9 part of elemental copper is chelated, chelates elemental iron
1.2 parts, 1.2 parts of chelating element magnesium, 1.0 parts of element manganese is chelated, chelates 1.2 parts of element zinc, polymerize 1.5 parts of boron, chelates molybdenum
1.2 parts, chelate 1.2 parts of element cobalt, 1.6 parts of elemental selenium of chelating, 5 parts of dried orange peel extracts;
Wherein, above-mentioned dried orange peel extracts are made by following steps:1kg fresh tangerine peels are taken to add relative to Quality of Pericarpium
4 times of determining alcohol is 95% ethanol, is heated to reflux 2h, filters to obtain filter residue, filter residue is added again relative to 4 times of filter residue quality
Determining alcohol be 95% ethanol, be heated to reflux 2h, filtering and impurity removing, merge filtered fluid, remove ethanol, be concentrated into the 1/ of original volume
The dried orange peel extracts needed for raw material of the present invention are made after 2;
Above-mentioned xylose residue is through the following steps that obtained:25kg rice husks are taken to add 25% hydrochloric acid acid treatment 3h, filtering
Rice husk is subjected to extraction afterwards and separates to obtain hydrolyzate, then with calcium carbonate neutralizing hydrolysis liquid, hydrolyzate is concentrated into original volume afterwards
30%, decolouring is carried out to concentrate followed by activated carbon and is cleaned the liquid that must clean, finally carrying out condensing crystallizing to removal of impurities liquid must tie
Brilliant liquid, the xylose residue needed for raw material of the present invention is made after separation;
Above-mentioned EM bacteria agent uses at least three kinds in photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus subtilis of composite bacteria agent, and three
Mass ratio between person is 1:1:1;
Above-mentioned chelating agent uses hydroxyethylethylene diamine tri-acetic acid;
Above-mentioned granulation aid uses diatomite.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned grape special complex fertilizer, is followed the steps below:
(1) above-mentioned potassium citrate, sodium alginate, chelated microelement, EM bacteria agent and chelating agent are first added into its weight
Than the water stirring and dissolving for 110%, mixed solution is obtained;
(2) mixed solution is heated to 52 DEG C again, surplus stock is added in the mixed solution and is stirred 35min,
Speed of agitator is 80r/min, obtains batch mixing;
(3) particle finally is made by comminutor in batch mixing and grape composite fertilizer special finished product of the invention is made, wherein,
Finished product fertilizer grain diameter is controlled in 1-3mm.
Application Example
Grape composite fertilizer special finished product made from above-described embodiment 1-3 is applied in one mu of vineyard (kyoto grape kind)
It is interior, treat to the maturity period to have a good harvest record yield, disease incidence, mouthfeel and last year and the year before last contrast, be specifically shown in table 1 below;Table 1
Group | Yield (kg) | Disease incidence (%) | Mouthfeel |
Embodiment 1 | 1827kg | 3.1% | It is fragrant and sweet |
Embodiment 2 | 1869kg | 2.5% | It is fragrant and sweet |
Embodiment 3 | 1793kg | 3.7% | It is fragrant and sweet |
Last year | 1327kg | 27.4% | It is slightly sour |
In the year before last | 1210kg | 32.2% | It is slightly sour |
From upper table 1, grape special complex fertilizer of the invention does not improve common fertilizer use after application, compared to former years
Grape harvest yield is higher afterwards, quality is more preferable.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality
Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic.All essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of grape special complex fertilizer, it is characterised in that including following raw material by weight:The peel residue 45- of fermentation
65 parts, xylose residue 15-25 parts, wormcast 8-12 parts, stalk ashes 15-25 parts, potassium citrate 4-8 parts, sodium alginate 3-7 parts,
Chelated microelement 2-4 parts, EM bacteria agent 1-5 parts, chelating agent 1-2 parts and granulation aid 35-45 parts;
The chelated microelement includes following composition by weight:Elemental copper 0.5-0.9 parts are chelated, chelate elemental iron
0.8-1.2 parts, element magnesium 0.8-1.2 parts are chelated, chelate element manganese 0.4-1.0 parts, chelate element zinc 0.6-1.2 parts, polymerize boron
0.5-1.5 parts, molybdenum 0.5-1.2 parts are chelated, chelate element cobalt 0.4-1.2 parts, chelating elemental selenium 0.8-1.6 parts, dried orange peel carry
Take thing 3-5 parts.
2. a kind of grape special complex fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following original by weight
Material:6 parts of 20 parts of 10 parts of 20 parts of 55 parts of peel residue, xylose residue, wormcast, stalk ashes, potassium citrate, the sodium alginate 5 of fermentation
Part, 3 parts of chelated microelement, 3 parts of EM bacteria agent, 1.5 parts of chelating agent and 40 parts of granulation aid.
A kind of 3. grape special complex fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the chelated microelement include with
Under composition by weight:0.7 part of elemental copper is chelated, 1 part of elemental iron is chelated, 1 part of chelating element magnesium, chelates element manganese 0.7
Part, 0.9 part of element zinc of chelating, 1 part of boron of polymerization, 0.8 part of molybdenum of chelating, 0.8 part of element cobalt of chelating, 1.2 parts of elemental selenium of chelating,
4 parts of dried orange peel extracts.
4. a kind of grape special complex fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dried orange peel extracts pass through following
Step is made:The ethanol that to take proper amount of fresh dried orange peel to add be 95% relative to the determining alcohol of 2~4 times of Quality of Pericarpium, is heated to reflux 1
~2h, filter residue is filtered to obtain, filter residue is added to the ethanol for being 95% relative to the determining alcohol of 2~4 times of filter residue quality again, heated back
1~2h is flowed, filtering and impurity removing, merges filtered fluid, ethanol is removed, is produced after being concentrated into the 1/3-1/2 of original volume.
5. a kind of grape special complex fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the xylose residue is by following step
It is rapid obtained:Take appropriate rice husk to add 15-25% hydrochloric acid acid treatment 2-3h, rice husk is subjected to extraction after filtering and separates and must hydrolyze
Liquid, then with calcium carbonate neutralizing hydrolysis liquid, hydrolyzate is concentrated into the 20-30% of original volume afterwards, followed by activated carbon to dense
Contracting liquid carries out decolouring and cleaned the liquid that must clean, and finally carrying out condensing crystallizing to removal of impurities liquid obtains crystal solution, is produced after separation.
6. a kind of grape special complex fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the EM bacteria agent is photosynthetic bacteria, breast
At least three kinds of composite bacteria agent in sour bacterium, saccharomycete or bacillus subtilis.
7. a kind of grape special complex fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the chelating agent is ethylenediamine tetrem
One kind in acid, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid or hydroxyethylethylene diamine tri-acetic acid.
A kind of 8. grape special complex fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the granulation aid be recessed native powder,
One kind in clay or diatomite.
A kind of 9. preparation method of grape special complex fertilizer as described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterised in that including
Following steps:
(1) raw material is weighed by the weight;
(2) it is 90-110% potassium citrate, sodium alginate, chelated microelement, EM bacteria agent and chelating agent to be added into its weight ratio
Water stirring and dissolving, obtain mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution is heated to 48-52 DEG C, surplus stock is added in the mixed solution and is stirred 25-35min,
Speed of agitator is 60-80r/min, obtains batch mixing;
(4) particle, grain diameter 1-3mm finally is made by comminutor in batch mixing.
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