CN107466634A - A kind of lettuce planting method - Google Patents

A kind of lettuce planting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107466634A
CN107466634A CN201710702029.8A CN201710702029A CN107466634A CN 107466634 A CN107466634 A CN 107466634A CN 201710702029 A CN201710702029 A CN 201710702029A CN 107466634 A CN107466634 A CN 107466634A
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parts
lettuce
soil
planting method
vernalization
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王显泽
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Jinzhai Huijin Vegetable Planting Cooperatives
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Jinzhai Huijin Vegetable Planting Cooperatives
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of lettuce planting method, comprise the following steps：（1）Seeds preprocess；（2）Presprouting of seeds；（3）Nursery；（4）Site preparation is colonized；（5）Field management；（6）Harvesting.The lettuce planting methodological science is reasonable, and percentage of seedgermination is high, and survival rate is high after emergence, and can effectively control lettuce pest and disease damage, improves lettuce quality, improves its mouthfeel.

Description

A kind of lettuce planting method
Technical field
The invention belongs to lettuce technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of lettuce planting method.
Background technology
Lettuce belongs to winter crops, likes the climatic environment to cool, seedling is resistant to -5 DEG C of low temperature, in greenhouse warm environment Under, breeding time shifts to an earlier date, and lettuce shortening stem is dialled section elongation and carried out in the winter time, and physiological character changes, and cell liquid concentration reduces, resistance to Low temperature reduced capability, such as meets with overcast and rainy, frosty weather, and apical growing point tender leaf passes through freeze injury by freeze injury, sclerotiniose, gray mold Wound infection, often based on sclerotiniose, infected by conduction, external contact inside plant, extension, causes blade, meat downwards Stem morbidity is rotted, and influences the commodity of lettuce, and disease time is typically under plant height 20cm, 1~2 month low temperature overcast and rainy day weather conditions Occur.The breeding method of existing lettuce cannot be controlled effectively the disease of lettuce, and lettuce germination percentage is low, adds kind Plant cost.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of lettuce planting method, solve the problems, such as in above-mentioned background technology, the lettuce planting Methodological science is reasonable, and percentage of seedgermination is high, and survival rate is high after emergence, and can effectively control lettuce pest and disease damage, improves lettuce Quality, improve its mouthfeel.
In order to solve the problems, such as that prior art is present, adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of lettuce planting method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：The lactuca sativa seeds for selecting high yield and high quality soak 3~5 hours in germicidal solution, are cleaned after immersion, Flat seed is removed, is subsequently placed in 10~15mmol/L KNO2Solution, soaked 2~3 days in 7~9 DEG C of environment, after obtaining pretreatment Lactuca sativa seeds；
（2）Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated lactuca sativa seeds and vernalization matrix in mass ratio 1:10 ratio is well mixed, and is inserted In 500w microwave equipments, with 50% firepower microwave treatment 10 seconds~15 seconds, vernalization under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents is subsequently placed in Processing is to seed germination, and vernalization processing procedure is as follows under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents：Daily first in 20~30 DEG C of dark Under the conditions of handle 10~12 hours, then handled 14~12 hours under 30~35 DEG C of illumination conditions；
（3）Nursery：By the lactuca sativa seeds light seeding after vernalization on seedbed, seedbed keeps moistening during sowing, with broom in furrow after broadcasting Swept on face, seed is mixed with soil, then with straw screen or mat or Shading net covering, opened cover from sun after emergence in time, grow The laggard seedling in the ranks of true leaf, thinning are defined by mutually not crowded, can transplant planting when lettuce seedling grows to 5~6 leaf；
（4）Site preparation is colonized：Loosing soil is chosen, well-drained sandy loam, every mu is applied 1200~2100 kilograms of rabbit excrement, suns the earth which has been ploughed up 5 Fine site preparation after~8 days, and broadcast sowing soil conditioner in earth's surface, 20~30 kilograms every mu, plough deeply 30~50 centimetres, the choosing cloudy day or Band soil field planting rice shoot after during afternoon 4, the spacing in the rows of field planting is 25~35 centimetres, 35~40 centimetres of line-spacing, is poured in time after field planting and determines root Water, keep ground moistening；
（5）Field management：When lettuce grows to 10~11 leaf Gibberellins solution, lettuce growth period composite fertilizer are sprayed in fine day Impose 2~3 times, and carry out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Later growth, flower a kind of sedge that tender stem differentiates is removed, Promote stem continued growth；
（6）Harvesting：Using lobus cardiacus it is concordant with siphonal lobe or just now bud when as Harvesting Date, harvest in batches as needed.
Preferably, the step（1）Middle germicidal solution is that thiram and anion surfactant is soluble in water, makes it Mass percent concentration is respectively 0.2%, 0.1%.
Preferably, the step（2）Vernalization matrix includes the component of following parts by weight：5~10 parts of pine tree sawmilling, diatomite 20~30 parts, 3~8 parts of silkworm excrement, 1.3~2.2 parts of jade powder, 7~14 parts of ardealite, 10~18 parts of attapulgite, rare earth 0.1~ 0.2 part.
Preferably, the step（2）Described in the vernalization processing procedure under the conditions of alternate illumination that relents it is as follows：First exist daily Handle 12 hours under 25 DEG C of dark conditions, then handled 12 hours under 33 DEG C of illumination conditions.
Preferably, the step（4）Middle soil conditioner is made using following methods：
Step a：Dry sea-tangle be crushed into 100~200 mesh sieves, then mixed with turfy soil, mature vinegar, stirred 15~25 minutes；
Step b：Sodium tripolyphosphate is added in 15~25 times of water of its own weight, slag ash and zeolite powder is added, is heated to 50~60 DEG C, it is stirred 20~30 minutes；
Step c：Product obtained by step a and the product obtained by step b are mixed, add distiller's dried grain, ginger oil, at room temperature hybrid reactor Put 4~6 hours, add astragalus polyose, stir, dry, be granulated, produce the soil conditioner.
Preferably, the soil conditioner includes the component of following parts by weight：Dry 10~20 parts of sea-tangle, turfy soil 20~40 Part, 8~17 parts of mature vinegar, 2~3 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 15~25 parts of slag ash, 7~8 parts of zeolite powder, 3~6 parts of distiller's dried grain, ginger Oily 1~2 part, 0.3~0.5 part of astragalus polyose.
Preferably, the step（5）The concentration of middle gibberellin is 1.0 × 10-6~2.0 × 10-6mol/L。
Preferably, the step（5）N, P, K weight/mass percentage composition are respectively 23%, 7%, 15% in middle composite fertilizer.
Compared with prior art, it has the advantages that the present invention：
Lettuce planting methodological science of the present invention is reasonable, and percentage of seedgermination is high, and survival rate is high after emergence, and can effectively control Lettuce pest and disease damage processed, lettuce quality is improved, improves its mouthfeel, it is specific as follows：
（1）Lettuce planting method of the present invention first pre-processes to lactuca sativa seeds, then carries out vernalization to seed, can make lettuce kind The germination rate of son solves the problems, such as the hot suppression that seed is sprouted in lettuce production, improves the germination of plantation close to or up 100% Rate；
（2）Lettuce planting method of the present invention applies rabbit excrement and soil conditioner before the field planting of lettuce seedling, and the soil of addition is adjusted The very big survival rate for improving adaptability of the lettuce to soil, improving lettuce seedling of reason agent, the mature vinegar Bin in soil conditioner Pest and disease damage can be inhibited, improved soil quality improves the quality of finished product lettuce, and sea-tangle contains iodine, can promote suction of the lettuce to iodine Receive, improve the content of iodine in lettuce；
（3）Lettuce planting method of the present invention applies rabbit excrement and soil conditioner, lettuce growth course before the field planting of lettuce seedling Zhong Shi composite fertilizers, meet grand nutrition element and micronutrient element required for growth, realize balance fertilizer, promote various battalion The overall absorption of element is supported, improves the photosynthesis of plant, controls the generation of plant nutritional deficiency symptom, improves the yield and matter of product Amount, prevent in soil salinity to remain and deteriorates, preservation of fertility, prevent pollution of area source, to the strong leaf of enhancing plant, it is antiviral, Resistant to lodging, anti-adversity ability has the function that good；
（4）Lettuce planting method of the present invention sprays Gibberellins solution, warp when lettuce grows to 10~11 leaf, in fine day After gibberellin processing, lettuce shortens the rosette state and dials the section phase into shortening stem elongation, changes lettuce rosette state blade fasciation and easily accumulates The situation of water, improves plant ventilation and penetrating light, and enhancing plant inhales fertile water absorbing capacity, improves lettuce disease resistance, resistance, improve into The quality of product lettuce, improve its mouthfeel.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention and not had to In limitation the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is related to a kind of lettuce planting method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：The lactuca sativa seeds for selecting high yield and high quality soak 3 hours in germicidal solution, are cleaned after immersion, remove Flat seed, it is subsequently placed in 10mmol/L KNO2Solution, soaked 2 days in 7 DEG C of environment, obtain pretreated lactuca sativa seeds；
（2）Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated lactuca sativa seeds and vernalization matrix in mass ratio 1:10 ratio is well mixed, and is inserted In 500w microwave equipments, with 50% firepower microwave treatment 10 seconds, be subsequently placed in vernalization under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents handle to Seed germination, vernalization processing procedure is as follows under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents：First handled daily under 20 DEG C of dark conditions 10 hours, then handled 14 hours under 30 DEG C of illumination conditions；
（3）Nursery：By the lactuca sativa seeds light seeding after vernalization on seedbed, seedbed keeps moistening during sowing, with broom in furrow after broadcasting Swept on face, seed is mixed with soil, then with straw screen or mat or Shading net covering, opened cover from sun after emergence in time, grow The laggard seedling in the ranks of true leaf, thinning are defined by mutually not crowded, can transplant planting when lettuce seedling grows to 5~6 leaf；
（4）Site preparation is colonized：Loosing soil is chosen, well-drained sandy loam, every mu is applied 1200 kilograms of rabbit excrement, smart after sunning the earth which has been ploughed up 5 days Thin site preparation, and broadcast sowing soil conditioner in earth's surface, 20 kilograms every mu, plough deeply 30 centimetres, when choosing cloudy day or afternoon 4 after band soil field planting Rice shoot, the spacing in the rows of field planting is 25 centimetres, 35 centimetres of line-spacing, pours root water after field planting in time, keeps ground moistening；
（5）Field management：When lettuce grows to 10~11 leaf Gibberellins solution, lettuce growth period composite fertilizer are sprayed in fine day Impose 2 times, and carry out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Later growth, flower a kind of sedge that tender stem differentiates is removed, promoted Stem continued growth；
（6）Harvesting：Using lobus cardiacus it is concordant with siphonal lobe or just now bud when as Harvesting Date, harvest in batches as needed.
Wherein, the step（1）Middle germicidal solution is that thiram and anion surfactant is soluble in water, makes its matter It is respectively 0.2%, 0.1% to measure percent concentration.
Wherein, the step（2）Vernalization matrix includes the component of following parts by weight：5 parts of pine tree sawmilling, 20 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of silkworm excrement, 1.3 parts of jade powder, 7 parts of ardealite, 10 parts of attapulgite, 0.1 part of rare earth.
Wherein, the step（4）Middle soil conditioner is made using following methods：
Step a：Dry sea-tangle be crushed into 100~200 mesh sieves, then mixed with turfy soil, mature vinegar, stirred 15 minutes；
Step b：Sodium tripolyphosphate is added in 15 times of water of its own weight, slag ash and zeolite powder is added, is heated to 50 DEG C, It is stirred 20 minutes；
Step c：Product obtained by step a and the product obtained by step b are mixed, add distiller's dried grain, ginger oil, at room temperature hybrid reactor Put 4 hours, add astragalus polyose, stir, dry, be granulated, produce the soil conditioner.
Wherein, the soil conditioner includes the component of following parts by weight：Dry 10 parts of sea-tangle, 20 parts of turfy soil, mature vinegar 8 Part, 2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 15 parts of slag ash, 7 parts of zeolite powder, 3 parts of distiller's dried grain, 1 part of ginger oil, 0.3 part of astragalus polyose.
Wherein, the step（5）The concentration of middle gibberellin is 1.0 × 10-6mol/L。
Wherein, the step（5）N, P, K weight/mass percentage composition are respectively 23%, 7%, 15% in middle composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to a kind of lettuce planting method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：The lactuca sativa seeds for selecting high yield and high quality soak 5 hours in germicidal solution, are cleaned after immersion, remove Flat seed, it is subsequently placed in 15mmol/L KNO2Solution, soaked 3 days in 9 DEG C of environment, obtain pretreated lactuca sativa seeds；
（2）Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated lactuca sativa seeds and vernalization matrix in mass ratio 1:10 ratio is well mixed, and is inserted In 500w microwave equipments, with 50% firepower microwave treatment 15 seconds, be subsequently placed in vernalization under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents handle to Seed germination, vernalization processing procedure is as follows under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents：First handled daily under 30 DEG C of dark conditions 12 hours, then handled 12 hours under 35 DEG C of illumination conditions；
（3）Nursery：By the lactuca sativa seeds light seeding after vernalization on seedbed, seedbed keeps moistening during sowing, with broom in furrow after broadcasting Swept on face, seed is mixed with soil, then with straw screen or mat or Shading net covering, opened cover from sun after emergence in time, grow The laggard seedling in the ranks of true leaf, thinning are defined by mutually not crowded, can transplant planting when lettuce seedling grows to 5~6 leaf；
（4）Site preparation is colonized：Loosing soil is chosen, well-drained sandy loam, every mu is applied 2100 kilograms of rabbit excrement, smart after sunning the earth which has been ploughed up 8 days Thin site preparation, and broadcast sowing soil conditioner in earth's surface, 30 kilograms every mu, plough deeply 50 centimetres, when choosing cloudy day or afternoon 4 after band soil field planting Rice shoot, the spacing in the rows of field planting is 35 centimetres, 40 centimetres of line-spacing, pours root water after field planting in time, keeps ground moistening；
（5）Field management：When lettuce grows to 10~11 leaf Gibberellins solution, lettuce growth period composite fertilizer are sprayed in fine day Impose 3 times, and carry out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Later growth, flower a kind of sedge that tender stem differentiates is removed, promoted Stem continued growth；
（6）Harvesting：Using lobus cardiacus it is concordant with siphonal lobe or just now bud when as Harvesting Date, harvest in batches as needed.
Wherein, the step（1）Middle germicidal solution is that thiram and anion surfactant is soluble in water, makes its matter It is respectively 0.2%, 0.1% to measure percent concentration.
Wherein, the step（2）Vernalization matrix includes the component of following parts by weight：10 parts of pine tree sawmilling, 30 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of silkworm excrement, 2.2 parts of jade powder, 14 parts of ardealite, 18 parts of attapulgite, 0.2 part of rare earth.
Wherein, the step（4）Middle soil conditioner is made using following methods：
Step a：Dry sea-tangle be crushed into 100~200 mesh sieves, then mixed with turfy soil, mature vinegar, stirred 25 minutes；
Step b：Sodium tripolyphosphate is added in 25 times of water of its own weight, slag ash and zeolite powder is added, is heated to 60 DEG C, It is stirred 30 minutes；
Step c：Product obtained by step a and the product obtained by step b are mixed, add distiller's dried grain, ginger oil, at room temperature hybrid reactor Put 6 hours, add astragalus polyose, stir, dry, be granulated, produce the soil conditioner.
Wherein, the soil conditioner includes the component of following parts by weight：Dry 20 parts of sea-tangle, 40 parts of turfy soil, mature vinegar 17 parts, 3 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 25 parts of slag ash, 8 parts of zeolite powder, 6 parts of distiller's dried grain, 2 parts of ginger oil, 0.5 part of astragalus polyose.
Wherein, the step（5）The concentration of middle gibberellin is 2.0 × 10-6mol/L。
Wherein, the step（5）N, P, K weight/mass percentage composition are respectively 23%, 7%, 15% in middle composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is related to a kind of lettuce planting method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：The lactuca sativa seeds for selecting high yield and high quality soak 4 hours in germicidal solution, are cleaned after immersion, remove Flat seed, it is subsequently placed in 13mmol/L KNO2Solution, soaked 2 days in 8 DEG C of environment, obtain pretreated lactuca sativa seeds；
（2）Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated lactuca sativa seeds and vernalization matrix in mass ratio 1:10 ratio is well mixed, and is inserted In 500w microwave equipments, with 50% firepower microwave treatment 13 seconds, be subsequently placed in vernalization under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents handle to Seed germination, vernalization processing procedure is as follows under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents：First handled daily under 25 DEG C of dark conditions 12 hours, then handled 12 hours under 33 DEG C of illumination conditions；
（3）Nursery：By the lactuca sativa seeds light seeding after vernalization on seedbed, seedbed keeps moistening during sowing, with broom in furrow after broadcasting Swept on face, seed is mixed with soil, then with straw screen or mat or Shading net covering, opened cover from sun after emergence in time, grow The laggard seedling in the ranks of true leaf, thinning are defined by mutually not crowded, can transplant planting when lettuce seedling grows to 5~6 leaf；
（4）Site preparation is colonized：Loosing soil is chosen, well-drained sandy loam, every mu is applied 1800 kilograms of rabbit excrement, smart after sunning the earth which has been ploughed up 7 days Thin site preparation, and broadcast sowing soil conditioner in earth's surface, 25 kilograms every mu, plough deeply 40 centimetres, when choosing cloudy day or afternoon 4 after band soil field planting Rice shoot, the spacing in the rows of field planting is 30 centimetres, 37 centimetres of line-spacing, pours root water after field planting in time, keeps ground moistening；
（5）Field management：When lettuce grows to 10~11 leaf Gibberellins solution, lettuce growth period composite fertilizer are sprayed in fine day Impose 2 times, and carry out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Later growth, flower a kind of sedge that tender stem differentiates is removed, promoted Stem continued growth；
（6）Harvesting：Using lobus cardiacus it is concordant with siphonal lobe or just now bud when as Harvesting Date, harvest in batches as needed.
Wherein, the step（1）Middle germicidal solution is that thiram and anion surfactant is soluble in water, makes its matter It is respectively 0.2%, 0.1% to measure percent concentration.
Wherein, the step（2）Vernalization matrix includes the component of following parts by weight：7 parts of pine tree sawmilling, 25 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of silkworm excrement, 1.7 parts of jade powder, 9 parts of ardealite, 14 parts of attapulgite, 0.15 part of rare earth.
Wherein, the step（4）Middle soil conditioner is made using following methods：
Step a：Dry sea-tangle be crushed into 100~200 mesh sieves, then mixed with turfy soil, mature vinegar, stirred 20 minutes；
Step b：Sodium tripolyphosphate is added in 20 times of water of its own weight, slag ash and zeolite powder is added, is heated to 55 DEG C, It is stirred 25 minutes；
Step c：Product obtained by step a and the product obtained by step b are mixed, add distiller's dried grain, ginger oil, at room temperature hybrid reactor Put 5 hours, add astragalus polyose, stir, dry, be granulated, produce the soil conditioner.
Wherein, the soil conditioner includes the component of following parts by weight：Dry 15 parts of sea-tangle, 25 parts of turfy soil, mature vinegar 13 parts, 2.3 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 20 parts of slag ash, 7.5 parts of zeolite powder, 4 parts of distiller's dried grain, 1.3 parts of ginger oil, astragalus polyose 0.4 Part.
Wherein, the step（5）The concentration of middle gibberellin is 1.6 × 10-6mol/L。
Wherein, the step（5）N, P, K weight/mass percentage composition are respectively 23%, 7%, 15% in middle composite fertilizer.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow Ring the substantive content of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. lettuce planting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
    （1）Seeds preprocess：The lactuca sativa seeds for selecting high yield and high quality soak 3~5 hours in germicidal solution, are cleaned after immersion, Flat seed is removed, is subsequently placed in 10~15mmol/L KNO2Solution, soaked 2~3 days in 7~9 DEG C of environment, after obtaining pretreatment Lactuca sativa seeds；
    （2）Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated lactuca sativa seeds and vernalization matrix in mass ratio 1:10 ratio is well mixed, and is inserted In 500w microwave equipments, with 50% firepower microwave treatment 10 seconds~15 seconds, vernalization under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents is subsequently placed in Processing is to seed germination, and vernalization processing procedure is as follows under the conditions of the alternate illumination that relents：Daily first in 20~30 DEG C of dark Under the conditions of handle 10~12 hours, then handled 14~12 hours under 30~35 DEG C of illumination conditions；
    （3）Nursery：By the lactuca sativa seeds light seeding after vernalization on seedbed, seedbed keeps moistening during sowing, with broom in furrow after broadcasting Swept on face, seed is mixed with soil, then with straw screen or mat or Shading net covering, opened cover from sun after emergence in time, grow The laggard seedling in the ranks of true leaf, thinning are defined by mutually not crowded, can transplant planting when lettuce seedling grows to 5~6 leaf；
    （4）Site preparation is colonized：Loosing soil is chosen, well-drained sandy loam, every mu is applied 1200~2100 kilograms of rabbit excrement, suns the earth which has been ploughed up 5 Fine site preparation after~8 days, and broadcast sowing soil conditioner in earth's surface, 20~30 kilograms every mu, plough deeply 30~50 centimetres, the choosing cloudy day or Band soil field planting rice shoot after during afternoon 4, the spacing in the rows of field planting is 25~35 centimetres, 35~40 centimetres of line-spacing, is poured in time after field planting and determines root Water, keep ground moistening；
    （5）Field management：When lettuce grows to 10~11 leaf Gibberellins solution, lettuce growth period composite fertilizer are sprayed in fine day Impose 2~3 times, and carry out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Later growth, flower a kind of sedge that tender stem differentiates is removed, Promote stem continued growth；
    （6）Harvesting：Using lobus cardiacus it is concordant with siphonal lobe or just now bud when as Harvesting Date, harvest in batches as needed.
  2. 2. lettuce planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（1）Middle germicidal solution is by good fortune U.S. double and anion surfactant is soluble in water, and it is respectively 0.2%, 0.1% to make its mass percent concentration.
  3. 3. lettuce planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（2）Vernalization matrix includes following The component of parts by weight：5~10 parts of pine tree sawmilling, 20~30 parts of diatomite, 3~8 parts of silkworm excrement, 1.3~2.2 parts of jade powder, phosphorus stone 7~14 parts of cream, 10~18 parts of attapulgite, 0.1~0.2 part of rare earth.
  4. 4. lettuce planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（2）Described in relent alternating Vernalization processing procedure is as follows under illumination condition：First handled 12 hours under 25 DEG C of dark conditions daily, then in 33 DEG C of illumination conditions Lower processing 12 hours.
  5. 5. lettuce planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（4）Middle soil conditioner uses Following methods are made：
    Step a：Dry sea-tangle be crushed into 100~200 mesh sieves, then mixed with turfy soil, mature vinegar, stirred 15~25 minutes；
    Step b：Sodium tripolyphosphate is added in 15~25 times of water of its own weight, slag ash and zeolite powder is added, is heated to 50~60 DEG C, it is stirred 20~30 minutes；
    Step c：Product obtained by step a and the product obtained by step b are mixed, add distiller's dried grain, ginger oil, at room temperature hybrid reactor Put 4~6 hours, add astragalus polyose, stir, dry, be granulated, produce the soil conditioner.
  6. 6. lettuce planting method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the soil conditioner includes following parts by weight Component：Dry 10~20 parts of sea-tangle, 20~40 parts of turfy soil, 8~17 parts of mature vinegar, 2~3 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, slag ash 15 ~25 parts, 7~8 parts of zeolite powder, 3~6 parts of distiller's dried grain, 1~2 part of ginger oil, 0.3~0.5 part of astragalus polyose.
  7. 7. lettuce planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（5）The concentration of middle gibberellin is 1.0×10-6~2.0 × 10-6mol/L。
  8. 8. lettuce planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（5）N, P, K in middle composite fertilizer Weight/mass percentage composition is respectively 23%, 7%, 15%.
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