CN107439184A - A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three - Google Patents
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three Download PDFInfo
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- CN107439184A CN107439184A CN201710674013.0A CN201710674013A CN107439184A CN 107439184 A CN107439184 A CN 107439184A CN 201710674013 A CN201710674013 A CN 201710674013A CN 107439184 A CN107439184 A CN 107439184A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three, cultivation technique without soil is employed, 2 are pressed using turf and river sand:1 is mixed and made into seedling medium, by in treated cutting insertion matrix, then will survive the cutting after taking root be transplanted to it is fermented it is decomposed handle in the cultivating bag for preparing of planting matrix made of matrimony vine branch and base manure, pass through the growth period supplement plus selenium nutrient solution in casting skin wax gourd, additional fertilizer, promotes plant growth, there is provided the nutriment needed for plant growth, plant provides selenium element, finally gives selenium-rich casting skin wax gourd.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vegetables and fruits planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three.
Background technology
Three water casting skin wax gourd plant overgrow, and climing 450~500cm of length, growth potential is stronger, and branch power is strong.First female flower raw
Saved in main stem 12~15, saved later every 4~5 and give birth to female flower, it is often continuous to give birth to female flower 2~3, based on main stem knot melon.
The kind wax gourd pole storage tolerance, heat-resisting, drought-enduring, intolerant to waterlogging, wide adaptability, resistance against diseases are stronger.
It is higher with ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin and niacin content in wax gourd vitamin, have anti-curing cancers effect
Vitamin B1, content is quite abundant in waxgourd seed；Mineral element has 8 kinds of potassium, sodium, calcium, iron, zinc, copper, phosphorus, selenium etc., wherein containing
Potassium amount is significantly higher than amount containing sodium, belongs to typical hyperkalemia hyponatremia type vegetables, to need to feed the kidney trouble of Cardia Salt food, hypertension,
Edema patient is very beneficial, and wherein elemental selenium also has the multiple functions such as anticancer.Wax gourd is sweet, cold in nature, have the heat that disappears, Li Shui,
The effect of detumescence.Wax gourd amount containing sodium is relatively low, and arteriosclerosis, cirrhotic ascites, coronary heart disease, hypertension, ephritis, oedema are expanded
There is good auxiliary therapeutic action etc. disease.
Chinese patent《A kind of casting skin wax gourd plastic mulching cultivation technology method》(number of patent application：
CN201611135339.8 a kind of implantation methods of casting skin wax gourd, including field planting) are disclosed, overlay film, membrane, is applied fertilizer, harvesting.Should
Method plants hole covering mulch film fertilizer conservation water conservation soil conservation insulation, and the thick stipule of bar is big and grows, and growth is fast, is short of seedling few, and root is thick climing strong, and the more fruits of fruit are big
Fruit weight, increasing both production and income are benefited the nation and the people.But with the raising of people's lives, wax gourd demand increase increasingly, it is necessary to product it is pollution-free,
Safety, health.Selenium fertilizer can also make product be rich in micro elements needed by human while plant needed nutrient matter is supplemented
Selenium.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three, inorganic base is utilized
Matter coordinates the soilless culture method of nutrient solution, effectively solves natural obstruction of the conventional soil cultivation to casting skin wax gourd plantation.
The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three, comprise the following steps：
(1) slotting machine prepares：By wide 1.2-1.5m, long 20-25m does seedbed, spreads seedling medium 25cm, seedling medium turf
2 are pressed with river sand:1 is mixed, and 3d before cuttage, uses 0.5%KMnO4Solution and carbendazim solution sterilization matrix, then soaked with clear water
Profit, sets up sunshade greenhouse, 25 DEG C of temperature of shed, relative humidity 80%；
(2) cutting prepares：Make cutting from the base portion stem of clip semi-lignified on the maternal plant of no disease and pests harm, cutting is containing 1-2
Position is saved, long 10-15cm, 0.1-0.3%KMnO is used before cuttage4Solution sterilizes 2min at cuttings base portion 2-3cm, and clear water washes 2-3
Dried after secondary；
(3) rooting of cuttings：The ditching depth 5-10cm on seedbed, by spacing in the rows 5-10cm, line-spacing 10-20cm, 30-40 ° of oblique skewer
Insert on seedbed, cover river sand, moistened with clear water, plastic covering arch membrane, 15-25 DEG C of temperature, a 0.1- is sprayed every 10d
0.3% bleaching water, changes Solution culture method of taking root after cuttage 5d, cuttage 15-20d, cutting survives take root after be colonized；
(4) cutting is transplanted：Cutting is transplanted to cultivating bag and is colonized, 11.5L kind plant matrix and plantation are added in cultivating bag
With base manure, plantation is 2-3 with matrix and plantation with base manure volume ratio:1, every bag of field planting 2-3 strain, base is soaked with clear water after field planting
Matter, plantation Solution culture method is used to before blooming after transplanting 7-10d, Post flowering uses plus selenium nutrient solution culture；
(5) Cultivate administration：
A. staking out built：After cutting work, burrow staking out at away from cutting 20cm, herringbone stake is taken every 4 stakes, in stake height
Cross bar is tied up at 90-100cm, connects each stake, makes single hedge melon frame；
B. whole climing restocking：During the climing long 1m of melon, the side shoot sprouted of erasing only stays main stem, draws climing restocking during main stem long 2m；
C. right position is beared fruit：The 2nd is selected in 22-30 sections position or the 3rd female flower is beared fruit, and every plant is stayed 1 melon；
D. fertilizing management：After transplanting 7-10d bag as substrate is cultivated to before blooming 1 time per the wetting of 5-7d plantations nutrient solution,
Post flowering is used per 3-5d plus selenium nutrient solution soaks cultivating bag 1 time；
E. water management：Every plant is watered 400mL/ times before blooming, and per d1 times, every plant of Post flowering waters 400mL/ times, per d4
It is secondary；
(6) spray plus selenium is fertile：Start after bearing fruit, add selenium liquid fertilizer per 6-12d foliage-sprays；
(7) pluck：More than melon 40d, single more than melon 10kg are sat, plucks the listing of fresh melon, stays 8-10cm melons before melon handle during harvesting
It is climing.
Upper step (3) nutrient solution of taking root includes following component：Four water-calcium nitrate 40-52 parts, potassium nitrate 18-24 parts, nitric acid
Ammonium 2-4 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8-12 parts, potassium sulfate 14-20 parts, azotobacterin 1-2 parts, hydrogen peroxide 3-5 parts, water to 1000
Part.
Upper step (4) base manure is：Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer 250-300 parts, cereal organic fertilizer 350-500 parts, ferment microbial inoculum 1-2
Part, urea 100-150 parts, potassium sulfate 250-350 parts, ammonium nitrate 100-150 parts, humic acid 10-15 parts, micro- agent 4-6
Part, ethene 4-7 parts, abscisic acid 4-7 parts, Lupeol 5-7 parts, mannitol 5-7 parts.
The micro- agent is：Fe-EDTA 300-400 parts, boric acid 40-60 parts, borax 30-40 parts, manganese sulfate 25-
30 parts, copper sulphate 1-1.2 parts, zinc sulfate 4.2-5.4 parts, ammonium molybdate 4.2-5.4 parts.
The cereal organic fertilizer is：The mixture of 100g dregs of beans and rice bran adds 1mL phosphorus decomposings bacterium solution and is mixed；The solution
Phosphorus bacterium solution is the one or more in bacillus, Pseudomonas alba, Erwinia, agrobacterium, Serratieae, Flavobacterium.
The Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer is to add material-water ratio as 1:2 water mixes with Enteromorpha, and it is 30 to add urea regulation C/N ratios:1
It is placed in decomposed pond, decomposed temperature is 45-64 DEG C, the Enteromorpha amount 3-5% decomposed fermentation of EM bacteria agent is added, every the abundant turnings of 2d
1 time, decomposed 14d.
The Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer is：It is 1 to add material-water ratio:2 water mixes with Enteromorpha, and it is 30 to add urea regulation C/N ratios:
1 is placed in decomposed pond, adjusts 45-64 DEG C of temperature, the Enteromorpha amount 3-5% decomposed fermentation of EM bacteria agent is added, every the abundant turnings 1 of 2d
It is secondary, decomposed 14d.
Upper step (4) matrix is to add chicken manure, oil cake, urea in matrimony vine branch, and adjustment C/N ratios are 30:1, addition connects
The ripe fermentation of kind mycocriny is made；The inoculation bacterium is lignocellulose degradation bacterium, the compound beneficial bacterias of EM and the compound beneficial bacterias of BM.
Upper step (4) plants nutrient solution：Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 21.8-32.6mg/L, calcium nitrate 151.2-226.8mg/L,
Potassium nitrate 81.2-121.4mg/L, magnesium sulfate 78.9-118.3mg/L, ammonium nitrate 12.8-19.2mg/L.
Upper step (4) is described plus selenium nutrient solution is：Boric acid 2.288-3.432mg/L, ferrous sulfate 12-18mg/L, nitric acid
Calcium 378-567mg/L, borax 3.6-6.4mg/L, potassium nitrate 202.4-303.6mg/L, ammonium nitrate 32-48mg/L, magnesium sulfate
197.2-295.8mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 54.4-81.6mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.704-2.556mg/L, copper sulphate 0.03-
0.07mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.176-0.264mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.176-0.264, Fe-EDTA30-40mg/L, sodium selenate 46-
144μg/ml。
Upper step (6) plus selenium fertilizer include following component：0.02-0.04% boric acid, 0.01-0.05% ammonium molybdates, 0.2-
0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4-0.8% sodium selenates, 0.2-0.4% urea.
The present invention possesses following characteristics：
The water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich three of the present invention, three water casting skin wax gourds are carried out with strict control training
The soilless culture for the condition of supporting, three water casting skin wax gourd root system environments substitution soil environment is manually created, effectively solves conventional soil
The natural obstruction to the plantation of three water casting skin wax gourds is cultivated, so as to obtain clean hygienic, pollution-free, nuisanceless, quality better three water
Casting skin wax gourd product.
The conventional inorganic matrix of present invention improvement coordinates the soilless culture method of nutrient solution, manure use and inorganic nutrients
Liquid mixes organic substrate in suitable ratio and provides nutrition for three water casting skin wax gourds, plays the advantages of organic fertilizer slowly-releasing is long-acting, matches somebody with somebody
The advantages of inorganic fertilizer effect is quantitative accurate soon is closed, more preferably more suitably nutrition is provided for three water casting skin wax gourds, significantly improves three water
The quality and yield of casting skin wax gourd.
Soilless culture is that solve soil in protected field continuous cropping obstacle, improve the effective ways that cultivable land does not utilize.With agricultural
Discarded object is the nutrient matrix cultivation that primary raw material is configured to, and is that current China is main because its raw material sources is extensive, cheap
Soilless Culture Methods.Pocket type cultivation technique without soil is due to simplifying the fertilising of soil cultivation, ploughing, the ring such as site preparation and ridging
Section, reduces labor intensity, improves efficiency, while its substrates quantity is few, convenient transportation, is easy to standardized production and pipe
Reason, it is the important development direction of following China's vegetables in day-light greenhouse cultivation mode.
Apply Selenium-rich composite fertilizer in the growth period of plant, can not only supplement the nutriment needed for plant growth, moreover it is possible to
Selenium element is provided to plant, inorganic selenium is converted into Organic Selenium by plant absorption selenium, and the crop of output is rich in Organic Selenium, and people eat
After selenium-rich crops, the Se content of human body can be supplemented, strengthens the immunity of human body.
Embodiment
In order that the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention are easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, comprise the following steps：
(1) slotting machine prepares：2 are pressed with turf and river sand:The 1 seedling medium paving seedbed being mixed, 3d is with 0.5% before cuttage
KMnO4Solution and carbendazim solution sterilization matrix, then infiltrated with clear water；
(2) cutting prepares：Make cutting from the base portion stem of clip semi-lignified on the maternal plant of no disease and pests harm, use 0.2%KMnO4
Solution sterilizes 2min in cuttings base portion, and clear water dries after washing 2+3 times；
(3) rooting of cuttings：Rapid cuttage after 0.5g/LNAA10s is dipped in into cutting, river sand is covered, is moistened with clear water, covering modeling
Expect arch membrane, spray 0.2% bleaching water every 10d, Solution culture method of taking root is changed after cuttage 5d；
(4) cutting is transplanted：Transplanting to cultivating bag is colonized, and plantation matrix and plantation base manure volume ratio are 5 in cultivating bag:
2, matrix is soaked with clear water after field planting, plantation Solution culture method is used to before blooming after transplanting 8.5d, Post flowering is used plus selenium nutrient solution
Culture；
(5) spray plus selenium is fertile：Start after bearing fruit, add selenium liquid fertilizer per 9d foliage-sprays；
(6) pluck：Melon skin is shinny, most of blade keep it is dark green and it is not withered and yellow when, you can harvesting.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the nutrient solution of taking root described in step (3) are：Calcium nitrate
46 parts, 21 parts of potassium nitrate, 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 1.5 parts of azotobacterin, hydrogen peroxide 4
Part, water are to 1000 parts.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the base manure described in step (4) are：Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer
275 parts, 425 parts of cereal organic fertilizer, 1.5 parts of ferment microbial inoculum, 125 parts of urea, 300 parts of potassium sulfate, 125 parts of ammonium nitrate, humic acid
12.5 parts, 5 parts of micro- agent, 5.5 parts of ethene, 5.5 parts of abscisic acid, 6 parts of Lupeol, 6 parts of mannitol.
Above-mentioned micro- agent is：350 parts of Fe+EDTA, 50 parts of boric acid, 35 parts of borax, 27.5 parts of manganese sulfate, copper sulphate
1.1 parts, 4.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 4.8 parts of ammonium molybdate.
Above-mentioned cereal organic fertilizer is：The mixture of 100g dregs of beans and rice bran adds 1mL phosphorus decomposings bacterium solution and is mixed；The solution
Phosphorus bacterium solution is the one or more in bacillus, Pseudomonas alba, Erwinia, agrobacterium, Serratieae, Flavobacterium.
Above-mentioned Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer is：It is 1 to add material-water ratio:2 water mixes with Enteromorpha, adds urea regulation C:N=30:1
It is placed in decomposed pond, adjusts 54.5 DEG C of temperature, adds the decomposed fermentation of EM bacteria agent of Enteromorpha amount 4%, every the abundant turnings of 2d 1 time,
Decomposed 14d.
A kind of selenium-rich casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of the present embodiment, the matrix described in step (4) are by chicken manure, oil cake, urea
Add in matrimony vine branch, adjust C:N=30:1, add the ripe fermentation of inoculation mycocriny and be made；It is described inoculation bacterium be lignocellulose degradation bacterium,
The compound beneficial bacterias of EM and the compound beneficial bacterias of BM.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the plantation nutrient solution described in step (4) are：Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium 27.2mg/L, calcium nitrate 189mg/L, potassium nitrate 101.3mg/L, magnesium sulfate 98.6mg/L, ammonium nitrate 16mg/L.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the selenium nutrient solution that adds described in step (4) are：Boric acid
2.86mg/L, ferrous sulfate 15mg/L, calcium nitrate 472.5mg/L, borax 5.0mg/L, potassium nitrate 253mg/L, ammonium nitrate 40mg/
L, magnesium sulfate 246.5mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 68mg/L, manganese sulfate 2.13mg/L, copper sulphate 0.05mg/L, zinc sulfate
0.308mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.22mg/L, Fe-EDTA35mg/L, the μ g/mL of sodium selenate 95.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the selenium fertilizer that adds described in step (6) are：0.03% boron
Acid, 0.03% ammonium molybdate, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6% sodium selenate, 0.3% urea.
Embodiment 2
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, comprise the following steps：
(1) slotting machine prepares：2 are pressed with turf and river sand:The 1 seedling medium paving seedbed being mixed, 3d is with 0.5% before cuttage
KMnO4Solution and carbendazim solution sterilization matrix, then infiltrated with clear water；
(2) cutting prepares：Make cutting from the base portion stem of clip semi-lignified on the maternal plant of no disease and pests harm, use 0.1%KMnO4
Solution sterilizes 2min in cuttings base portion, and clear water dries after washing 2 times；
(3) rooting of cuttings：Rapid cuttage after 0.5g/LNAA10s is dipped in into cutting, river sand is covered, is moistened with clear water, covering modeling
Expect arch membrane, spray 0.1% bleaching water every 10d, Solution culture method of taking root is changed after cuttage 5d；
(4) cutting is transplanted：Transplanting to cultivating bag is colonized, and plantation matrix and plantation base manure volume ratio are 2 in cultivating bag:
1, matrix is soaked with clear water after field planting, is used after transplanting 7d to before blooming with plantation Solution culture method, Post flowering plus selenium nutrient solution is trained
Support；
(5) spray plus selenium is fertile：Start after bearing fruit, add selenium liquid fertilizer per 6d foliage-sprays；
(6) pluck：Melon skin is shinny, most of blade keep it is dark green and it is not withered and yellow when, you can harvesting.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the nutrient solution of taking root described in step (3) are：Calcium nitrate
40 parts, 18 parts of potassium nitrate, 2 parts of ammonium nitrate, 8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 14 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part of azotobacterin, 3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, water
To 1000 parts.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the base manure described in step (4) are：Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer
250 parts, 350 parts of cereal organic fertilizer, 1 part of ferment microbial inoculum, 100 parts of urea, 250 parts of potassium sulfate, 100 parts of ammonium nitrate, humic acid 10
Part, 4 parts of micro- agent, 4 parts of ethene, 4 parts of abscisic acid, 5 parts of Lupeol, mannitol 5+7 parts.
Above-mentioned micro- agent is：300 parts of Fe+EDTA, 40 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of borax, 25 parts of manganese sulfate, copper sulphate 1
Part, 4.2 parts of zinc sulfate, 4.2 parts of ammonium molybdate.
Above-mentioned cereal organic fertilizer is：The mixture of 100g dregs of beans and rice bran adds 1mL phosphorus decomposings bacterium solution and is mixed；The solution
Phosphorus bacterium solution is the one or more in bacillus, Pseudomonas alba, Erwinia, agrobacterium, Serratieae, Flavobacterium.
Above-mentioned Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer is：It is 1 to add material-water ratio:2 water mixes with Enteromorpha, adds urea regulation C:N=30:1
It is placed in decomposed pond, adjusts temperature 45 C, adds the decomposed fermentation of EM bacteria agent of Enteromorpha amount 3%, it is rotten every the abundant turnings of 2d 1 time
Ripe 14d.
A kind of selenium-rich casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of the present embodiment, the matrix described in step (4) are by chicken manure, oil cake, urea
Add in matrimony vine branch, adjust C:N=30:1, add the ripe fermentation of inoculation mycocriny and be made；It is described inoculation bacterium be lignocellulose degradation bacterium,
The compound beneficial bacterias of EM and the compound beneficial bacterias of BM.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the plantation nutrient solution described in step (4) are：Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium 21.8mg/L, calcium nitrate 151.2mg/L, potassium nitrate 81.2mg/L, magnesium sulfate 78.9mg/L, ammonium nitrate 12.8mg/L.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the selenium nutrient solution that adds described in step (4) are：Boric acid
2.288mg/L, ferrous sulfate 12mg/L, calcium nitrate 378mg/L, borax 3.6mg/L, potassium nitrate 202.4mg/L, ammonium nitrate
32mg/L, magnesium sulfate 197.2mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 54.4mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.704mg/L, copper sulphate 0.03mg/L, sulfuric acid
Zinc 0.176mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.176mg/L, Fe-EDTA30mg/L, the μ g/mL of sodium selenate 46.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the selenium fertilizer that adds described in step (6) are：0.02% boron
Acid, 0.01% ammonium molybdate, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4% sodium selenate, 0.2% urea.
Embodiment 3
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, comprise the following steps：
(1) slotting machine prepares：2 are pressed with turf and river sand:The 1 seedling medium paving seedbed being mixed, 3d is with 0.5% before cuttage
KMnO4Solution and carbendazim solution sterilization matrix, then infiltrated with clear water；
(2) cutting prepares：Make cutting from the base portion stem of clip semi-lignified on the maternal plant of no disease and pests harm, use 0.3%KMnO4
Solution sterilizes 2min in cuttings base portion, and clear water dries after washing 3 times；
(3) rooting of cuttings：Rapid cuttage after 0.5g/LNAA10s is dipped in into cutting, river sand is covered, is moistened with clear water, covering modeling
Expect arch membrane, spray 0.3% bleaching water every 10d, Solution culture method of taking root is changed after cuttage 5d；
(4) cutting is transplanted：Transplanting to cultivating bag is colonized, and plantation matrix and plantation base manure volume ratio are 3 in cultivating bag:
1, matrix is soaked with clear water after field planting, is used after transplanting 10d to before blooming with plantation Solution culture method, Post flowering plus selenium nutrient solution is trained
Support；
(5) spray plus selenium is fertile：Start after bearing fruit, add selenium liquid fertilizer per 12d foliage-sprays；
(6) pluck：Melon skin is shinny, most of blade keep it is dark green and it is not withered and yellow when, you can harvesting.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the nutrient solution of taking root described in step (3) are：Calcium nitrate
52 parts, 24 parts of potassium nitrate, 4 parts of ammonium nitrate, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of azotobacterin, 5 parts of hydrogen peroxide,
Water is to 1000 parts.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the base manure described in step (4) are：Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer
300 parts, 500 parts of cereal organic fertilizer, 2 parts of ferment microbial inoculum, 150 parts of urea, 350 parts of potassium sulfate, 150 parts of ammonium nitrate, humic acid 15
Part, 6 parts of micro- agent, 7 parts of ethene, 7 parts of abscisic acid, 7 parts of Lupeol, 7 parts of mannitol.
Above-mentioned micro- agent is：Fe-EDTA400 parts, 60 parts of boric acid, 40 parts of borax, 30 parts of manganese sulfate, copper sulphate 1.2
Part, 5.4 parts of zinc sulfate, 5.4 parts of ammonium molybdate.
Above-mentioned cereal organic fertilizer is：The mixture of 100g dregs of beans and rice bran adds 1mL phosphorus decomposings bacterium solution and is mixed；The solution
Phosphorus bacterium solution is the one or more in bacillus, Pseudomonas alba, Erwinia, agrobacterium, Serratieae, Flavobacterium.
Above-mentioned Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer is：It is 1 to add material-water ratio:2 water mixes with Enteromorpha, adds urea regulation C:N=30:1
It is placed in decomposed pond, adjusts 64 DEG C of temperature, adds the decomposed fermentation of EM bacteria agent of Enteromorpha amount 5%, it is rotten every the abundant turnings of 2d 1 time
Ripe 14d.
A kind of selenium-rich casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of the present embodiment, the matrix described in step (4) are by chicken manure, oil cake, urea
Add in matrimony vine branch, adjust C:N=30:1, add the ripe fermentation of inoculation mycocriny and be made；It is described inoculation bacterium be lignocellulose degradation bacterium,
The compound beneficial bacterias of EM and the compound beneficial bacterias of BM.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the plantation nutrient solution described in step (4) are：Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium 32.6mg/L, calcium nitrate 226.8mg/L, potassium nitrate 121.4mg/L, magnesium sulfate 118.3mg/L, ammonium nitrate 19.2mg/L.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the selenium nutrient solution that adds described in step (4) are：Boric acid
3.432mg/L, ferrous sulfate 18mg/L, calcium nitrate 567mg/L, borax 6.4mg/L, potassium nitrate 303.6mg/L, ammonium nitrate
48mg/L, magnesium sulfate 295.8mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 81.6mg/L, manganese sulfate 2.556mg/L, copper sulphate 0.07mg/L, sulfuric acid
Zinc 0.264mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.264mg/L, Fe+EDTA40mg/L, the μ g/mL of sodium selenate 144.
A kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three of the present embodiment, the selenium fertilizer that adds described in step (6) are：0.04% boron
Acid, 0.05% ammonium molybdate, 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8% sodium selenate, 0.4% urea.
Comparative example 1
Difference with embodiment 1 is that Post flowering adds selenium nutrient solution with the potassium calcium phosphorus magnesium nutrition liquid of equivalent to substitute.
Comparative example 2,
Difference with embodiment 1 is, starts after bearing fruit, and is replaced adding selenium liquid fertilizer with the common foliar fertilizer of equivalent.
Comparative example 3
Difference with embodiment 1 is, in whole planting process, completely without materials containing selenium such as addition sodium selenates.
Compliance test result
Planted respectively according to the method for above-described embodiment 1~3 and comparative example 1~3, the three water casting skins obtained after high yield
Wax gourd can carry out the data record of correlation.
As a result it is as follows：
It can be obtained by upper table, in terms of the three water casting skin wax gourd yield increases that embodiments of the invention plant out and in vitamin
C, all than the advantage that to occupy of comparative example in the content of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and plant includes melon meat all has more content
The wax gourd of selenium element, illustrate that it is to have certain facilitation to apply selenium class fertilizer in planting process, and step is indispensable；This
The three water casting skin wax gourds for planting out are invented, melon is in elongated cylindrical, and melon skin bottle green is close by white-colored hairs, melon meat white, meat
Densification, pole storage tolerance, heat-resisting, drought-enduring, wide adaptability, resistance against diseases are stronger.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) slotting machine prepares：2 are pressed with turf and river sand:The 1 seedling medium paving seedbed being mixed, 3d 0.5%KMnO before cuttage4
Solution and carbendazim solution sterilization matrix, then infiltrated with clear water；
(2) cutting prepares：Make cutting from the base portion stem of clip semi-lignified on the maternal plant of no disease and pests harm, use 0.1-0.3%KMnO4
Solution sterilizes 2min in cuttings base portion, and clear water dries after washing 2-3 times；
(3) rooting of cuttings：Rapid cuttage after 10s0.5g/L NAA is dipped in into cutting, river sand is covered, is moistened with clear water, plastic covering
Arch membrane, a 0.1-0.3% bleaching water is sprayed every 10d, Solution culture method of taking root is changed after cuttage 5d；
(4) cutting is transplanted：Transplanting to cultivating bag is colonized, and plantation is 2-3 with matrix and plantation with base manure volume ratio in cultivating bag:1,
Matrix is soaked with clear water after field planting, is used after transplanting 7-10d to before blooming with plantation Solution culture method, Post flowering plus selenium nutrient solution is trained
Support；
(5) spray plus selenium is fertile：Start after bearing fruit, add selenium liquid fertilizer per 6-12d foliage-sprays；
(6) pluck：Melon skin is shinny, most of blade keep it is dark green and it is not withered and yellow when, you can harvesting.
A kind of 2. water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (3)
Nutrient solution of taking root is：Calcium nitrate 40-52 parts, potassium nitrate 18-24 parts, ammonium nitrate 2-4 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8-12 parts, potassium sulfate
14-20 parts, azotobacterin 1-2 parts, hydrogen peroxide 3-5 parts, water are to 1000 parts.
A kind of 3. water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (4)
Base manure is：Enteromorpha bio-fertilizer 250-300 parts, cereal organic fertilizer 350-500 parts, ferment microbial inoculum 1-2 parts, urea 100-150 parts, sulphur
Sour potassium 250-350 parts, ammonium nitrate 100-150 parts, humic acid 10-15 parts, micro- agent 4-6 parts, ethene 4-7 parts, abscisic acid
4-7 parts, Lupeol 5-7 parts, mannitol 5-7 parts.
A kind of 4. water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the trace element
Agent is：Fe-EDTA 300-400 parts, boric acid 40-60 parts, borax 30-40 parts, manganese sulfate 25-30 parts, copper sulphate 1-1.2 parts, sulphur
Sour zinc 4.2-5.4 parts, ammonium molybdate 4.2-5.4 parts.
5. the water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich three according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the cereal is organic
Fertilizer is：The mixture of 100g dregs of beans and rice bran adds 1mL phosphorus decomposings bacterium solution and is mixed；The phosphorus decomposing bacterium solution is bacillus, vacation
One or more in pseudomonas bacillus, Erwinia, agrobacterium, Serratieae, Flavobacterium.
A kind of 6. water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the Enteromorpha biology
Fertilizer is：It is 1 to add material-water ratio:2 water mixes with Enteromorpha, and it is 30 to add urea regulation C/N ratios:1 is placed in decomposed pond, regulation temperature
45-64 DEG C of degree, the Enteromorpha amount 3-5% decomposed fermentation of EM bacteria agent is added, every the abundant turnings of 2d 1 time, decomposed 14d.
A kind of 7. selenium-rich casting skin wax gourd implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4) matrix
It is to add chicken manure, oil cake, urea in matrimony vine branch, adjustment C/N ratios are 30:1, add the ripe fermentation of inoculation mycocriny and be made；It is described
Inoculation bacterium is lignocellulose degradation bacterium, the compound beneficial bacterias of EM and the compound beneficial bacterias of BM.
A kind of 8. water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (4)
Planting nutrient solution is：Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 21.8-32.6mg/L, calcium nitrate 151.2-226.8mg/L, potassium nitrate 81.2-
121.4mg/L, magnesium sulfate 78.9-118.3mg/L, ammonium nitrate 12.8-19.2mg/L.
A kind of 9. water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (4)
Described plus selenium nutrient solution is：Boric acid 2.288-3.432mg/L, ferrous sulfate 12-18mg/L, calcium nitrate 378-567mg/L, borax
3.6-6.4mg/L, potassium nitrate 202.4-303.6mg/L, ammonium nitrate 32-48mg/L, magnesium sulfate 197.2-295.8mg/L, phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen 54.4-81.6mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.704-2.556mg/L, copper sulphate 0.03-0.07mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.176-
0.264mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.176-0.264, Fe-EDTA30-40mg/L, sodium selenate 46-144 μ g/ml.
A kind of 10. water casting skin wax gourd implantation methods of selenium-rich three according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (6)
The selenium fertilizer is added to be：0.02-0.04% boric acid, 0.01-0.05% ammonium molybdates, 0.2-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.4-0.8% selenic acids
Sodium, 0.2-0.4% urea.
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| CN108432597A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-08-24 | 佛山市日可威食品科技研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of muskmelon inoculation method rich in various trace elements |
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