CN107410105A - A kind of cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell Download PDFInfo
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- CN107410105A CN107410105A CN201710186773.7A CN201710186773A CN107410105A CN 107410105 A CN107410105 A CN 107410105A CN 201710186773 A CN201710186773 A CN 201710186773A CN 107410105 A CN107410105 A CN 107410105A
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- culturing pool
- tilapia mossambica
- peculiar smell
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell, Tilapia mossambica is taken to be thrown in culturing pool, and the breeding buoyant raft hydroponic plant in culturing pool, aeration plate is set to carry out whole inflation in culturing pool bottom, bait is fed daily, blowdown is carried out by the blow-off pipe of culturing pool bottom weekly and moisturizing is carried out by the water inlet pipe on culturing pool.A kind of cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell provided by the invention, pass through the integration of bottom blowdown and " fish and vegetable symbiotic " technology, the water quality situation of water body in culturing pool is improved, and bilgy odour content of material in Tilapia is effectively reduced, so as to provide scientific basis to optimize the aquaculture model of Tilapia mossambica.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fish culture, is related to a kind of cultural method of Tilapia mossambica, and in particular to one kind reduces
The cultural method of Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell.
Background technology
With the reduction of fishery resources, aquaculture especially freshwater aquiculture just gradually substitutes fishery.The cultivation list in China
Production improves constantly, and fish excrement and area source pollutants etc. cause breeding water body eutrophication, initiation causes fish beyond water body self-purification ability
Class produces the substance surplus such as the indigo plant of smell substance, green alga.The interior exogenous pollution that breeding water body is subject to, greatly reduces fish product
Matter.
Tilapia mossambica (Tilapia), is commonly called as African crucian, at present the Tilapia mossambica breeding production in China substantially with hydrostatic, no
Based on the pond culture of blowdown, the activity of fish, ingest, drain and all carried out in same pond, can so cause noxious material
Accumulation, water quality deterioration, induction fish disease even result in large-scale fish death and (Liu Huiling, Huang Xianggu, Li Changling, wait differences dense
Influence [J] the aquacultures of the bacillus subtilis of degree to the breeding water body water quality and its premunition of Tilapia mossambica fry, 2009,
30(10):5-9.)。
Peculiar smell (off flavor) is bad smell existing for aquatic livestock muscle and internal organ, by various pollutants, fish body
Excreta, residual bait or bad breeding environment cause.These peculiar smell can influence eating mouth feel, reduce commodity value；While some
Smell substance composition is harmful, the health of consumer is come to harm.In recent years, peculiar smell treats aquatic products as people
The important indicator of quality, the aquatic products with strong peculiar smell be difficult be pursued nutrition, health, the modern consumer of delicious food are connect
Receive.Wherein, the one kind of bilgy odour as peculiar smell, it is most common in aquatic livestock muscle and fishery water body, endangers more serious
A kind of peculiar smell.There is different degrees of soil substantially with aquatic products in the various freshwater aquiculture patterns such as pond, reservoir and lake
Fishy smell.And due to the reason such as breeding environment and itself life habit, can be accumulated in Tilapia mossambica body to be formed stronger bilgy odour without
Received by consumers in general, so as to hinder the further development of Rofe fish culture and processing.Cause the most normal of fish bilgy odour
It is dimethyl isocamphol (2-methylisoborneol, 2-MIB) and ground depth (geosmin, GSM) to see material, and it is water body
In the metabolite of some algae and microorganism, ingested by fishes and shrimps etc. absorb enrichment after, that is, produce bilgy odour.It is now aquatic
The most of bilgy odour problems of environment are (the J ü ttner especially in eutrophication cultivating pool as caused by blue-green algae
F.Physiology and biochemistry of odorous compounds from freshwater
cyanobacteria and algae[J].Water Science&Technology,1995,31(11):69-78.), that is, support
The feed for grow biological excrement, not eating up is discharged into water body, causes nutrient concentrations in water to increase, and this gives birth to produce the blue-green algae of peculiar smell
Long offer condition (Steven W.Brown, Claude E.Boyd.Off-Flavor in Channel Catfish from
Commercial Ponds[J].Transactions of the American Fisheries Society,1982,111
(3):379-383.), so control pond nutrient supply turns into key.Bottom blowdown technology can exclude the residual bait excrement of bottom of pond,
Nutrient concentration in water is reduced from source.Water plant has been used to the elimination of cultivating pool inorganic nutrients thing, floating so as to limit
Swim growth (Boyd C E.Accumulation of dry matter, the nitrogen and phosphorus by of plant
cultivated water Hyacinths[J].Economic Botany,1976,30(1):51-56.).Kingdom surpasses (kingdom
Research [D] the Chinese Marine University of super Rofes fishlike smell material composition detection and removal methods, 2012.) utilize 0 DEG C of Ozone Water
Physical method removes Tilapia mossambica smell substance, and it is a kind of feasible effective experiment side to find Ozone Water removing Tilapia mossambica smell substance
Method.Xu Li Pus et al. (Xu Lipu, Zhao Wen, Yin Shouren, wait flowing water, activated carbon and apply photosynthetic bacteria removing cultured fishes
Peculiar smell [J] Dalian Ocean University journal, 2005,20 (3):208-211.) research shows, flowing water, activated carbon and photosynthetic bacteria energy
Enough reduce the peculiar smell of grass carp.Foreign countries also have been reported that preventing from cultivating fish with various methods produces peculiar smell, but at present these all in grinding
Study carefully the stage.
The content of the invention
In view of the above the shortcomings that prior art, supporting for Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell is reduced it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
Method is grown, smell substance content and the method for optimization Rofe fish culture in Tilapia are reduced for solving to lack in the prior art
The problem of.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a kind of reduction Tilapia mossambica (Tilapia) peculiar smell
Cultural method, Tilapia mossambica is taken to be thrown in culturing pool, and the breeding buoyant raft hydroponic plant in culturing pool, set in culturing pool bottom
Aeration plate carries out whole inflation, feeds bait daily, carries out blowdown by the blow-off pipe of culturing pool bottom weekly and passes through cultivation
Water inlet pipe on pond carries out moisturizing.
Preferably, the breeding density of the Tilapia mossambica is 10-15 tails/m2.It is highly preferred that the breeding density of the Tilapia mossambica
For 11 tails/m2。
Preferably, the buoyant raft hydroponic plant is the water spinach using cystosepiment as carrier.
It is highly preferred that the area that the breeding area of the water spinach accounts for culturing pool is 15-20%.It is it is further preferred that described
The area that the breeding area of water spinach accounts for culturing pool is 20%.
It is highly preferred that the breeding amount of the water spinach is 1-200g/m2。
It is further preferred that the breeding amount of the water spinach is 150g/m2。
It is highly preferred that the cystosepiment is provided with multiple implantation holes, field planting basket, the field planting are fixed with the implantation hole
In basket water spinach is enclosed with through being colonized cotton.
It is further preferred that the material of the cystosepiment is polystyrene.
It is further preferred that length × width x thickness of the cystosepiment is 1.4-1.6m × 1.9-2.1m × 0.04-0.06m.
Most preferably, length × width x thickness of the cystosepiment is 1.5m × 2m × 0.05m.
It is further preferred that the implantation hole is uniformly distributed on cystosepiment.
It is further preferred that distributed quantity of the implantation hole on cystosepiment is 1/20 square decimeters.
It is further preferred that the aperture of the implantation hole is 70-90mm.
Most preferably, the aperture of the implantation hole is 80mm.
It is further preferred that the field planting basket is 80# model field planting baskets.
It is further preferred that the field planting cotton is that 80# models are colonized cotton.
It is further preferred that the water spinach of parcel is 29-31g/ in the field planting basket.Most preferably, in the field planting basket
The water spinach of parcel is 30g/.
Preferably, the bait is conventional use of bait, commercially available acquisition.The bait is by dregs of beans, small
The raw materials such as wheat, fish meal, rapeseed dregs, Cottonseed Meal, amino acid, vitamin, mineral element are rubbed and are obtained by mixing.
Preferably, the number that feeds of the bait is 2-4 times/day.
It is highly preferred that the bait feeds number as 4 times/day.
Preferably, the feeding volume of the bait is the 0.5-5.0% for launching Tilapia mossambica gross weight.It is highly preferred that the bait
The feeding volume of material is the 3.0-5.0% for launching Tilapia mossambica gross weight.
Preferably, the culturing pool is the pond that cement is built up.
Preferably, the culturing pool bottom includes the first section and the second section, and first section is horizontal and is located at pond
The center at bottom, the outer of first section are connected with the second section, and second section tilts and secondth area
The outer of section is connected with the culturing pool side wall, and the slope that angle is 30-60 ° is formed between second section and the first section
Degree, first section are provided with sewage sump.The shape is advantageous to dirt and gathered in sewage sump.
It is highly preferred that the side wall of the sewage sump is provided with blow-off pipe, the top of the sewage sump is covered with waffle slab.Institute
Waffle slab is stated to be used to isolate Tilapia mossambica.The sewage sump is rectangular.
Even more preferably, the length × width × height of the sewage sump is 2.3-2.5m × 0.7-0.9m × 0.04-
0.06m.It is further preferred that the length × width × height of the sewage sump is 2.4m × 0.8m × 0.05m.
Preferably, the blow-off pipe is pvc pipe.The blow-off pipe is circumscribed with dredge pump, can effectively discharge culturing pool bottom
The excrement and residual bait in portion.
Preferably, the caliber of the blow-off pipe is 70-80mm.It is highly preferred that the caliber of the blow-off pipe is 75mm.
Preferably, the blowdown number is 1-2 times/week.It is highly preferred that the blowdown number is 1 times/week.
Preferably, the blowing time is 3-6min/ times.It is highly preferred that the blowing time is 4min/ times.
Preferably, the blowdown volume is the 1/10-1/3 of culturing pool volume.It is highly preferred that the blowdown volume is cultivation
The 1/6 of pond body product.
Preferably, the aeration plate is positioned close to the culturing pool bottom of water inlet pipe side.It is highly preferred that the aeration plate
It is positioned close on the second section of the bottom of pond of water inlet pipe side.
Preferably, the aeration plate is nanometer micropore aeration plate.The aeration plate is arranged on outside waffle slab.
It is highly preferred that the micropore condition of the nanometer micropore aeration plate is：Micropore average pore size：It is micro-
Density is arranged in hole：200-500/rice.
It is highly preferred that a diameter of 75-85cm of the nanometer micropore aeration plate.It is further preferred that the nanometer micropore
A diameter of 80cm of aeration plate.
It is highly preferred that the aeration quantity of the aeration plate is 0.001-0.010m3/min·m.It is further preferred that the exposure
The aeration quantity of gas disk is 0.002-0.008m3/min·m。
Preferably, it is that aeration plate is uninterruptedly oxygenated by air blower whole day that the aeration plate, which carries out whole inflation,.It is described
Air blower is Roots blower.
Preferably, the water inlet pipe is located at the lip of the culturing pool.
Preferably, the breeding water of the moisturizing supplement is fresh water.The moisturizing is used to supplement discharge or evaporation is lost
Water.
Preferably, it is 0.8-1.2m that the moisturizing, which keeps the depth of water in culturing pool,.It is highly preferred that the moisturizing keeps cultivation
The depth of water in pond is 1.0m.
As described above, a kind of cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell provided by the invention, from breeding environment ecology
Hand, improve Rofe fish tissue smell substance content by improving breeding ecological environment and breeding technology, not only improve water body ring
The improvement in border, and can reduce pollution, increase the quality of Rofe fish tissue.Cultural method provided by the invention, by bottom blowdown and
The integration of " fish and vegetable symbiotic " technology, improves to the water quality situation of the water body in culturing pool, makes the ammonia nitrogen in culturing pool and Asia
Nitric acid content effectively reduces bilgy odour content of material in Tilapia all in reduced levels, so as to be optimization Tilapia mossambica
Aquaculture model provides scientific basis.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shown as the structural representation of culturing pool in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is shown as water nitrite nitrogen changes of contents situation in different breeding system and compares figure.
Fig. 3 is shown as water body ammonia-nitrogen content situation of change in different breeding system and compares figure.
Reference
1 culturing pool
2 bottom of pond
21 first sections
22 second sections
3 sewage sumps
4 aeration plates
5 blow-off pipes
6 waffle slabs
7 water inlet pipes
Gradient angle between the sections of α second and the first section
Embodiment
The present invention is expanded on further with reference to specific embodiment, it should be appreciated that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than limit the scope of the invention.
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific instantiation, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Disclosed content understands other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also pass through specific realities different in addition
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints with application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under the spirit of the present invention.
It should be clear that in the following example not specifically dated process equipment or device using conventional equipment in the art or
Device；All pressure values and scope are all referring to relative pressure；The reagent used is conventional reagent in the art, Jun Kecong cities
Buy and obtain on field.
In addition, it is to be understood that one or more method and steps mentioned in the present invention do not repel before and after the combination step
There can also be other method step or other method step can also be inserted between the step of these are specifically mentioned, unless separately
It is described；It should also be understood that the combination annexation between one or more equipment/devices mentioned in the present invention is not repelled
Can also have other equipment/device before and after the unit equipment/device or two equipment/devices specifically mentioning at these it
Between can also insert other equipment/device, unless otherwise indicated.Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of various method steps is only
Differentiate the convenient tool of various method steps, rather than ordering or the enforceable model of the restriction present invention for limitation various method steps
Enclose, its relativeness is altered or modified, and in the case where changing technology contents without essence, when being also considered as, the present invention is enforceable
Category.
Embodiment 1
In Shanghai Ocean University strand cultivation base, the culturing pool for setting cement to build up, Tilapia mossambica is taken to be thrown to culturing pool
In, the breeding density of Tilapia mossambica is 10-15 tails/m2.The breeding buoyant raft hydroponic plant in culturing pool, buoyant raft hydroponic plant are with bubble
Foam plate is the water spinach of carrier, and length × width x thickness of cystosepiment is 1.4-1.6m × 1.9-2.1m × 0.04-0.06m.On cystosepiment
Provided with multiple implantation holes, distributed quantity of the implantation hole on cystosepiment is 1/20 square decimeters, and the aperture of implantation hole is 70-
90mm.Field planting basket is fixed with implantation hole, field planting basket is interior to be enclosed with water spinach through being colonized cotton, and field planting basket is 80# model field planting baskets, fixed
It is that 80# models are colonized cotton to plant cotton, and the water spinach wrapped up in field planting basket is 29-31g/.The breeding area of water spinach accounts for the face of culturing pool
Product is 15-20%, and the breeding amount of water spinach is 1-200g/m2.Daily to feed bait, the number that feeds of bait is 2-4 times/day, bait
The feeding volume of material is the 0.5-5.0% for launching Tilapia mossambica gross weight.
Nanometer micropore aeration plate is set on the second section close to the culturing pool bottom of water inlet pipe side, passes through air blower
Whole day is uninterruptedly oxygenated.The micropore average pore size of nanometer micropore aeration plate isMicropore arranges that density is
200-500/rice, a diameter of 75-85cm of nanometer micropore aeration plate, the aeration quantity of aeration plate is 0.001-0.010m3/
min·m.Sewage sump is set on the first section of culturing pool bottom, the length × width × height of dirt collection trench bottom for 2.3-2.5m ×
0.7-0.9m × 0.04-0.06m, the sewage sump is rectangular, and it is 30-60 ° that angle is formed between the second section and the first section
The gradient.
The side wall of sewage sump is provided with blow-off pipe, and the top of sewage sump is covered with waffle slab.Carried out by blow-off pipe weekly
Blowdown simultaneously carries out moisturizing by the water inlet pipe on culturing pool.The caliber of blow-off pipe is 70-80mm, and blowdown number is 1-2 times/week,
Blowing time is 3-6min/ times, and blowdown volume is the 1/10-1/3 of culturing pool volume.Water inlet pipe is located at the pool wall top of culturing pool
Portion.The breeding water of moisturizing supplement is fresh water, and it is 0.8-1.2m that moisturizing, which keeps the depth of water in culturing pool,.
Embodiment 2
In Shanghai Ocean University strand cultivation base, the culturing pool for setting 3 cement to build up, cement pit specification：It is long × wide
× a height of 5m × 3m × 1.2m.Tilapia mossambica is taken to be thrown in culturing pool, the breeding density of Tilapia mossambica is 11 tails/m2.In culturing pool
Interior breeding buoyant raft hydroponic plant, buoyant raft hydroponic plant are the water spinach using cystosepiment as carrier, and length × width x thickness of cystosepiment is
1.5m×2m×0.05m.Cystosepiment is provided with multiple implantation holes, and distributed quantity of the implantation hole on cystosepiment is 15, plantation
The aperture in hole is 80mm.Field planting basket is fixed with implantation hole, field planting basket is interior to be enclosed with water spinach through being colonized cotton, and field planting basket is 80# types
Number field planting basket, field planting cotton are that 80# models are colonized cotton, and the water spinach of parcel is 30g/ in field planting basket.The breeding area of water spinach accounts for foster
The area for growing pond is 20%, and the breeding amount of water spinach is 150g/m2.Daily to feed bait, bait feeds number as 4 times/day, when
Between be daily 8:00、12:00、16:00、20:00 bait throwing in, the feeding volume of bait are the 3.0-5.0% for launching Tilapia mossambica gross weight.
Nanometer micropore aeration plate is set on the second section close to the culturing pool bottom of water inlet pipe side, passes through air blower
Whole day is uninterruptedly oxygenated, and the micropore average pore size of nanometer micropore aeration plate isMicropore arranges that density is
200-500/rice, a diameter of 80cm of nanometer micropore aeration plate, the aeration quantity of aeration plate is 0.002-0.008m3/min·m。
Sewage sump is set on the first section of culturing pool bottom, the length × width × height of dirt collection trench bottom is 2.4m × 0.8m × 0.05m,
The sewage sump is rectangular, and the gradient that angle is 30-60 ° is formed between the second section and the first section.
The side wall of sewage sump is provided with blow-off pipe, and the top of sewage sump is covered with waffle slab.Carried out by blow-off pipe weekly
Blowdown simultaneously carries out moisturizing by the water inlet pipe on culturing pool.The caliber of blow-off pipe is 75mm, and blowdown number is 1 times/week, during blowdown
Between be 4min/ time, blowdown volume be culturing pool volume 1/6.Water inlet pipe is located at the lip of culturing pool.Moisturizing supplement is supported
It is fresh water to grow with water, and it is 1.0m that moisturizing, which keeps the depth of water in culturing pool,.Experiment continues 12 weeks altogether, and medicine is not had to during experiment, so as to
Obtain bottom blowdown-fish and vegetable symbiotic group (D groups).
Comparative example 1
In Shanghai Ocean University strand cultivation base, the culturing pool for setting 3 cement to build up, cement pit specification：It is long × wide
× a height of 5m × 3m × 1.2m.Tilapia mossambica is taken to be thrown in culturing pool, the breeding density of Tilapia mossambica is 11 tails/m2.In culturing pool
Place nanometer micropore aeration plate and carry out whole inflation in bottom.Daily to feed bait, bait feeds number as 4 times/day, and the time is
Daily 8:00、12:00、16:00、20:00 bait throwing in, the feeding volume of bait are the 3-5% for launching Tilapia mossambica gross weight.Experiment is held altogether
It is continuous 12 weeks, medicine is not had to during experiment, suitably adds water weekly, supplements by evaporating lost water, depth of water 1m is kept, so as to obtain
Obtain control group (A groups).
Comparative example 2
In Shanghai Ocean University strand cultivation base, the culturing pool for setting 3 cement to build up, cement pit specification：It is long × wide
× a height of 5m × 3m × 1.2m.Tilapia mossambica is taken to be thrown in culturing pool, the breeding density of Tilapia mossambica is 11 tails/m2.In culturing pool
Interior breeding buoyant raft hydroponic plant, buoyant raft hydroponic plant are the water spinach using cystosepiment as carrier, and length × width x thickness of cystosepiment is
1.5m×2m×0.05m.Cystosepiment is provided with multiple implantation holes, and distributed quantity of the implantation hole on cystosepiment is 15, plantation
The aperture in hole is 80mm.Field planting basket is fixed with implantation hole, field planting basket is interior to be enclosed with water spinach through being colonized cotton, and field planting basket is 80# types
Number field planting basket, field planting cotton are that 80# models are colonized cotton, and the water spinach of parcel is 30g/ in field planting basket.The breeding area of water spinach accounts for foster
The area for growing pond is 20%, and the breeding amount of water spinach is 150g/m2.Daily to feed bait, bait feeds number as 4 times/day, when
Between be daily 8:00、12:00、16:00、20:00 bait throwing in, the feeding volume of bait are the 3.0-5.0% for launching Tilapia mossambica gross weight.
Nanometer micropore aeration plate, which is placed, in culturing pool bottom carries out whole inflation.Experiment continues 12 weeks altogether, during experiment not
Medication, suitably add water weekly, supplement by evaporating lost water, depth of water 1m is kept, so as to obtain fish and vegetable symbiotic group (B
Group).
Comparative example 3
In Shanghai Ocean University strand cultivation base, the culturing pool for setting 3 cement to build up, cement pit specification：It is long × wide
× a height of 5m × 3m × 1.2m.Tilapia mossambica is taken to be thrown in culturing pool, the breeding density of Tilapia mossambica is 11 tails/m2.In culturing pool
Place nanometer micropore aeration plate and carry out whole inflation in bottom.Daily to feed bait, bait feeds number as 4 times/day, and the time is
Daily 8:00、12:00、16:00、20:00 bait throwing in, the feeding volume of bait are the 3-5% for launching Tilapia mossambica gross weight.Pass through weekly
The blow-off pipe of culturing pool bottom carries out blowdown and carries out moisturizing by the water inlet pipe on culturing pool, and the material of blow-off pipe is PVC, pipe
Footpath is 75mm, and for blowdown number for 1 times a week, blowing time is discharge 4 minutes every time, blowdown volume is the 1/6 of culturing pool volume.
The breeding water of moisturizing supplement is fresh water, and it is 1.0m that moisturizing, which keeps the depth of water in culturing pool,.Experiment continues 12 weeks, during experiment altogether
Not medication, so as to obtain bottom blowdown group (C groups).
Comparative example 1
When cultivating the 4th, 8,12 week, respectively taken from each culturing pool surrounding by embodiment 2, comparative example 1-3 cultivation respectively
Water sample 1L, depth are underwater 0.5m, take 1L after mixing therefrom again and fill with plastics collecting bottle, ice under the conditions of -20 DEG C
Case preserves, the analysis for smell substance content in water sample.Specific test result is shown in Table 1.
The breeding water body smell substance of table 1 detects record sheet
Note：1mg/L=1000 μ g/L=106ng/L
During experiment, odorous substances in water 2-MIB content is as shown in table 1 in different breeding system.With the cultivation phase
Extend, 2-MIB content constantly raises in water body, and 2-MIB contents are significantly higher than fish and vegetable symbiotic, bottom blowdown and bottom row in control group
Three groups of dirt+fish and vegetable symbiotic (P ＜ 0.05), and 2-MIB content is significantly higher than bottom blowdown and bottom blowdown+fish dish in fish and vegetable symbiotic group
Two groups of symbiosis (P ＜ 0.05).As a result show that bottom blowdown or fish and vegetable symbiotic system can effectively reduce breeding water body smell substance 2-
MIB content.
Odorous substances in water GSM content is as shown in table 1 in different breeding system.As shown in Table 1, GSM in control group
Content is significantly higher than fish and vegetable symbiotic, bottom blowdown and three groups of bottom blowdown+fish and vegetable symbiotic (P ＜ 0.05)；And GSM contains in bottom blowdown group
Amount is significantly higher than fish and vegetable symbiotic and two groups of bottom blowdown+fish and vegetable symbiotic (P ＜ 0.05) at the 4th week and the 8th week.
Comparative example 2
When cultivating the 4th, 8,12 week, gather advise from each culturing pool cultivated by embodiment 2, comparative example 1-3 respectively
The suitable tail of Tilapia mossambica 5 of lattice, takes muscle of back to mix, freezen protective is sealed in -80 DEG C of refrigerators, for smell substance in fish sample
The analysis of content.Specific test result is shown in Table 2.
The Tilapia mossambica intramuscular smell substance of table 2 detects record sheet
Average 2-MIB levels can be shown in Table 2 in the Rofe fish tissue of four kinds of different breeding groups.As seen in Table 2, with
Culture-cycle extends, and 2-MIB contents increase in Rofe fish tissue, is significantly higher than bottom in control group, fish and vegetable symbiotic and bottom blowdown group
Blowdown+fish and vegetable symbiotic group (P ＜ 0.05), and 2-MIB contents do not have with control group in fish and vegetable symbiotic and bottom blowdown group Rofe fish tissue
There is notable difference (P>0.05).
Find that 2-MIB contents are generally higher in the flesh of fish with 2-MIB comparision contents in same period water body, cultivate late control group
Exceed the μ g/kg of critical value 0.6 with the 2-MIB contents in Rofe fish tissue in fish and vegetable symbiotic group, it is recognized to have reached the mankind
Threshold value.
Average GSM levels can be shown in Table 2 in the Rofe fish tissue of four kinds of different breeding systems.As seen in Table 2, with
Culture-cycle extends, and GSM contents are stepped up in control group, fish and vegetable symbiotic and bottom blowdown group Rofe fish tissue, are significantly higher than bottom
Blowdown+fish and vegetable symbiotic group (P ＜ 0.05).
It was found that, GSM contents are higher in Rofe fish tissue, and GSM exists containing numerical quantity with bilgy odour material in same period water body
μ g/kg of critical value 0.9 or so, reach the recognized scope of the mankind.
Comparative example 3
By water sample in comparative example 1 compared with the analysis result of the smell substance content of fish sample in comparative example 2, specific knot
Fruit is shown in Table 3.By table 3 it can be found that the bilgy odour material concentration in the flesh of fish is generally higher, i.e., 2-MIB the and GSM contents in the flesh of fish
It is universal higher.Meanwhile water sample is identical with the variation tendency of the smell substance of fish sample in comparative example 2 in comparative example 1.In addition, the 8th
All nutritions, difference unobvious (P ＞ 0.05) between bottom blowdown group C and fish and vegetable symbiotic group B, other same times each cultivation group
Between significant difference (P ＜ 0.05) still be present.
Moreover, by the way that relatively, the content of smell substance is minimum in bottom blowdown-fish and vegetable symbiotic group D, control group A is then most
It is high.The later stage (the 12nd week nutrition) is cultivated, many Tilapia mossambica 2- of control group A and fish and vegetable symbiotic group C cultivation in comparative example 2
MIB exceedes critical value 0.6 μ g/kg, GSM containing numerical quantity close to the μ g/kg of critical value 0.9 containing numerical quantity, after some time it is possible to reach the mankind can be with
In the regional extent discovered.As can be seen here, the cultural method of the Tilapia mossambica in the present invention, Rofe fish crop highest.
The each cultivating system Tilapia mossambica of table 3 and water spinach output situation
Note：Being indicated in colleague between different alphabetical person's expression groups has significant difference (p ＜ 0.05)
Meanwhile the water quality situation of water body is tested respectively, water nitrite nitrogen content is shown in Fig. 2 in different breeding system.
As shown in Figure 2, with the extension of culture-cycle, nitrous nitrogen content is in the trend being stepped up, wherein control group nitrous nitrogen content
Significantly raise, reach maximum (0.290mg/L) during by the 12nd week, be significantly higher than other three groups (P ＜ 0.05), illustrate to pass through bottom
Blowdown or fish and vegetable symbiotic technology play the role of to reduce nitrite nitrogen in water body.
The water quality situation of water body is tested respectively, water body ammonia-nitrogen content is shown in Fig. 3 in different breeding system.Can by Fig. 3
Know, control group ammonia-nitrogen content (reaching 1.536mg/L during highest) is significantly higher than other three groups (P ＜ 0.05), show bottom blowdown or
Fish and vegetable symbiotic system can effectively reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body.
As can be seen here, the cultural method of the Tilapia mossambica in the present invention, good, ammonia nitrogen and Asia are improved to the water quality situation of water body
Nitric acid content can effectively reduce the content of bilgy odour material in the Tilapia mossambica flesh of fish all in very low level.So present invention
Effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and have high industrial utilization.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any ripe
Know the personage of this technology all can carry out modifications and changes under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete without departing from disclosed spirit and institute under technological thought such as
Into all equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell, takes Tilapia mossambica to be thrown in culturing pool, and breeding is floated in culturing pool
Raft hydroponic plant, set aeration plate to carry out whole inflation in culturing pool bottom, feed bait daily, pass through culturing pool bottom weekly
Blow-off pipe carry out blowdown and moisturizing carried out by water inlet pipe on culturing pool.
2. a kind of cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Tilapia mossambica
Breeding density is 10-15 tails/m2。
A kind of 3. cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the buoyant raft water planting
Plant is the water spinach using cystosepiment as carrier.
A kind of 4. cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the kind of the water spinach
The area that foster area accounts for culturing pool is 15-20%；The breeding amount of the water spinach is 1-200g/m2。
5. a kind of cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that on the cystosepiment
Provided with multiple implantation holes, field planting basket is fixed with the implantation hole, the field planting basket is interior to be enclosed with water spinach through being colonized cotton.
A kind of 6. cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the throwing of the bait
It is 2-4 times/day to feed number；The feeding volume of the bait is the 0.5-5.0% for launching Tilapia mossambica gross weight.
A kind of 7. cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the culturing pool bottom
Portion includes the first section and the second section, and first section is horizontal and is located at the center of bottom of pond, first section
Outer is connected with the second section, and second section tilts and the outer of second section is connected with the culturing pool side wall
Connect, the gradient that angle is 30-60 ° is formed between second section and the first section, first section is provided with sewage sump.
8. a kind of cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the sewage sump
Side wall is provided with blow-off pipe, and the top of the sewage sump is covered with waffle slab.
A kind of 9. cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the blowdown number
For 1-2 times/week；The blowing time is 3-6min/ times.
A kind of 10. cultural method for reducing Tilapia mossambica peculiar smell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water inlet pipe
Positioned at the lip of the culturing pool；The aeration plate is positioned close to the culturing pool bottom of water inlet pipe side.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113176356A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-27 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Pretreatment method for detecting soil odor substances in aquaculture water |
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| CN201204863Y (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-03-11 | 金发强 | Double-oxygenation double-blowdown good fishpond |
| CN105830991A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-10 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Culture pond system realizing rotational-flow dirt collection |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201204863Y (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-03-11 | 金发强 | Double-oxygenation double-blowdown good fishpond |
| CN105830991A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-10 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Culture pond system realizing rotational-flow dirt collection |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113176356A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-27 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Pretreatment method for detecting soil odor substances in aquaculture water |
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