CN107409903A - A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method - Google Patents
A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107409903A CN107409903A CN201710522860.5A CN201710522860A CN107409903A CN 107409903 A CN107409903 A CN 107409903A CN 201710522860 A CN201710522860 A CN 201710522860A CN 107409903 A CN107409903 A CN 107409903A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group, wherein Cn means a carbon skeleton not containing a ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method, comprise the following steps：S1, site preparation：Selection of land, site preparation；S2, peach seedling plant：Soil is ploughed deeply, using base manure, selects high-quality winter peach strong sprout to be transplanted；S3, daily management：Including native water and fertilizer management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and trimming and finishing；S4, harvest：Plucked after fruit maturation.A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method proposed by the present invention, the cultural method planting density is big, takes full advantage of land resource, fertilizing soil simultaneously, the growth of winter peach is fast, and the cycle is short, pest and disease damage, winter peach yield height and quality better are less prone to, effectively increases the economic benefit of winter peach plantation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method.
Background technology
Winter peach is one of kind of peach, is later than summer and autumn maturation more, plucks and list in severe winter, winter peach is with the small meat of core
It is tender, sweet clear and melodious well-known, the fruit market in winter is enriched, and winter peach is nutritious, has benefiting qi and nourishing blood, nourishing Yin and promoting production of body fluid, stops
Cough and coordinating intestines and stomach and other effects, there is good food therapy effect and economic benefit.As people are for the continuous attention of health, winter
Because its food therapy effect significantly enjoys consumers, the market demand of winter peach is also being continuously increased peach.The tradition of winter peach
It is slow-growing winter peach to be present in implantation methods, and cycle length, planting density is low, and land resource cannot be utilized effectively, causes winter peach to produce
Measure it is low, influence winter peach plantation economic benefit, so as to limit the development of winter peach artificial growth.
The content of the invention
Based on technical problem existing for background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting side
Method, the cultural method planting density is big, takes full advantage of land resource, while fertilizing soil, the growth of winter peach is fast, and the cycle is short, no
Easily there is pest and disease damage, winter peach yield height and quality better, effectively increase the economic benefit of winter peach plantation.
A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, site preparation：Selection of land, site preparation；
S2, peach seedling plant：Soil is ploughed deeply, using base manure, selects high-quality winter peach strong sprout to be transplanted；
S3, daily management：Including native water and fertilizer management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and trimming and finishing；
S4, harvest：Plucked after fruit maturation.
Preferably, in S1, selecting sandy loam, the thickness of sandy loam is in more than 1m, the pH of sandy loam as winter peach planting site
It is worth for 6.5-8, rotary tillage soil-working and ridging, a height of 35-45cm in ridge, row spacing 45-65cm.
Preferably, in S2, the amount of application of base manure is 800-1000kg/ mus.
Preferably, in S2, the raw material of base manure includes by weight：Green manure 350-450 parts, fermentation sheep manure 80-120 parts, river
Road mud 60-80 parts, Chinese medicine dreg 30-50 parts, potassium breeze 40-60 parts, ground phosphate rock 20-40 parts, vermiculite power 15-25 parts, wheat meal
Stone flour 20-30 parts, polyethylene glycol 6-12 parts, sugar residue 20-30 parts, photosynthetic bacteria 1-2 parts, humic acid 5-10 parts, boric acid 5-8 parts,
Citric acid 4-7 parts, malic acid 3-5 parts, amine fresh fat 1-3 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 2-4 parts.
Preferably, the raw material of Chinese medicine dreg includes by weight：Bighead atractylodes rhizome 10-15 parts, pseudo-ginseng 6-12 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 5-8 parts, dragon
Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 4-6 parts, turmeric 1-2 parts, selfheal 4-6 parts, Oroxylum indicum 2-4 parts, aloe 3-6 parts.
Preferably, in S2, for high-quality winter peach strong sprout using spacing in the rows as 1-1.5m, line-spacing is that 1.5-2.2m is transplanted.
Preferably, duck eye is first dug in S2, during plant, winter peach strong sprout is in duck eye center, unfolds root system, righting, then
Table soil is inserted, gently carries seedling, ensures that root system is unfolded and touched in soil, root water is poured after steady and sure.
Preferably, in S3, the concrete operations of native water and fertilizer management are as follows：Lid mulch film or non-woven fabrics, it is annual to intertill 2-4 times；If
Put sprinkling irrigation and drainage system；Annual top dressing is applied 3-4 times, and each amount of application is 300-400kg/ mus.
Preferably, in S3, the raw material of top dressing includes by weight：Green manure 80-120 parts, animal wastes 40-60 parts, urea
60-80 parts, ammonium sulfate 20-40 parts, potassium nitrate 35-50 parts, calcium superphosphate 20-35 parts, ferrous sulfate 3-5 parts, land plaster 5-10
Part, diatomite 8-12 parts, boric acid 5-8 parts, malic acid 3-5 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 1-3 parts, gibberellin 2-4 parts, EM probiotics 1-2
Part, molasses powder 2-4 parts.
Preferably, in S3, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control concrete operations are as follows：In March to November, place trapping lamp, every mu of placement 1-2
Small cup, wherein, in June to August, the aqueous matrine solution that spray concentration is 0.2-0.4wt% 2-3 times, each dosage is 80-120ml/
Mu；To the lime sulfur that 1-2 3-5 Baume degrees is sprayed before winter peach rudiment after winter fallen leaves, each dosage is 180-220ml/
Mu.
Preferably, in S3, trimming and finishing includes fixed dry, bud picking, turns round the tip, pinching, smooth out with the fingers branch, sparse branching, dredge flower bud and fruit thinning.
Preferably, in S3, trimming and finishing includes：
Transplant First Year trimming and finishing：High-quality winter peach strong sprout is wiped out and transplanted on trunk after all branches；Transferred after germination
More than interface stay 3-4 good buds, the bud below graft union of erasing；May, early and middle ten dayses, when new-tip length is up to 20-30cm or so, were selected and remain
One upright vigorous dry doubling of deciding inserts bamboo pole bondage thereon, and remaining turns branch at base portion 5cm makes its sagging growth；Early June
It is front and rear to wait Secondary Branch when growing to 20-30cm, apart from ground 60-70cm select and remain 2 pin down branch and smooth out with the fingers it is flat outside, 5- is arranged at top
6 growths are more prosperous to stay 10-15cm pinching to inspire pumping sublateral shoot, to carry out smoothing out with the fingers branch when remaining etc. grows into 30cm, it is in water to make it
Long status all one's life；September 20 days or so can carry out an autumn trimming according to the dense situation of tree crown branches and leaves, remove the overstocked branch in top
Bar, thin and delicate branch, dense branches are dredged, contract and dredge upright strong prosperous branch, the branch of excessive growth, ensure the young sprout ventilation and penetrating light left, 10-20 is stayed per trunk
Individual shoot；Winter does not trim or light pruning；Its extension is acted in accordance with to trunk top young sprout, it is not necessary to pinching；To below trunk base portion 30cm
Young sprout should erase in time；
Transplant Second Year trimming and finishing：Second Year is transplanted after spring rudiment, young sprout grows to 20cm or so and carried out for the first time
Pinching, continue pinching 2-3 times afterwards, until stopping by the end of June；Controlled using sparse branching in whole growth period or the methods of turning round the tip straight
Prosperous branch is found, sparse branching and cutting back are carried out after fruit harvesting；
Transplant the 3rd year trimming and finishing：Summer pruning is aided with trimming and turns round the tip, while to start to cultivate still based on pinching
Healthy and strong fruit-bearing shoot cluster, against trunk, is evenly distributed, in the ranks ensures ventilation and penetrating light.Bounced back in time before and after annual mid-September
Trimming, top, which extends branch, can retract to 2-2.5m height.Visual growing way carries out cutting back renewal after winter fallen leaves, and tree crown control is existed
2.5 meters or so, every plant should leave 30-40, fruitful branch (based on length, middle fruitful branch), there are about medium and small fruit-bearing shoot cluster 20.
On the whole, in addition to cultivating two at the 60-70cm of ground and pining down branch (larger side shoot), the height of tree is controlled at 3 meters
Hereinafter, center is dry is uniformly distributed fruitful branch (being tiny side shoot) from bottom to top, and unnecessary branch stays 1-2 bud cutting backs into preparation branch,
In case lower annual bearing.Summer, autumn trimming：Summer, autumn wipe out unnecessary branch, the particularly branch of excessive growth at any time, to ensure that bottom leads to
Wind printing opacity is good.With the growth of the age of tree, center is done and turns out equally distributed small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster, every year with 1/3rd
Ratio updates, and selects and remain the long, medium and short fruitful branch of robust growth.
A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method proposed by the present invention, it is 6.5-8.0 to select pH value, and thickness is in 1m
Sandy loam above, the habit and the efficient absorption to nutrition of suitable winter peach；In base manure, green manure and fermentation sheep manure, river course
Mud, Chinese medicine dreg, potassium breeze, ground phosphate rock coordinate, and rich in nutriments such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, realize battalion to each other
Complementation is supported, fertilizer efficiency is permanent, and fertilizer efficiency is high, meets the needs of each growth phase of winter peach is to nutrient, while can improve the ecology of soil
Environment, fertilizing soil；Vermiculite power and medical stone powder coordinate, and on the one hand provide trace element for the growth of winter peach, on the other hand have
Good preservation capacity of water and fertility, effective slow release fertilizer, while can keep soil from packing together, promote the formation of soil granular, reduce nutrient
Leaching loss in soil, fertilizer efficiency is improved, while the quick change of pH-value and temperature in soil can be suppressed, improve micro- life in soil
The ecological environment of thing and profitable strain, improve the metabolism of winter peach, coordinate with polyethylene glycol, improve each material in base manure
Dispersiveness, coordinate with photosynthetic bacteria, humic acid, boric acid, citric acid, malic acid, amine fresh fat, methyl α-naphthyl acetate, there is certain insect prevention
Evil effect, while energy activating soil idiotrophic element, strengthen fertilizer efficiency, the enzyme system for activating and being catalyzed in winter peach body, promote
Absorption and conversion of the winter peach for nutrient, shorten the growth cycle of winter peach, realize section fertilizer, the purpose of synergy.In top dressing,
It is the timely Replacement Battalion of winter peach by adding green manure, animal wastes, urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, calcium superphosphate, ferrous sulfate
Support, coordinate with land plaster, diatomite, boric acid, malic acid, compound sodium nitrophenolate, gibberellin, EM probiotics, molasses powder, improve soil
Ecological environment, the activity of Soil Microorganism and profitable strain is improved, the enzyme system for activating and being catalyzed in winter peach body, promotes the winter
Absorption and conversion of the peach for nutrient, have and promote growth and enhancing winter peach resistance and other effects, fertilizer efficiency is good；Daily management
In, in native water and fertilizer management, by lid mulch film or non-woven fabrics, weed growth and heat and moisture preserving are effectively controlled, by intertilling, spraying
And draining, improve the growing environment of winter peach, improve the resistance of winter peach, the growth of winter peach is fast, and the cycle is short；Prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mistake
Cheng Zhong, by using trapping lamp, aqueous matrine solution and lime sulfur, insect pest is few, is effectively improved the quality of winter peach；It is whole by trimming
Shape, retain suitable fruitful branch, reduce consumption of the winter peach for nutrient, improve utilization rate of the winter peach for nutrient, effectively
The growth of winter peach is promoted, realizes the high-density planting of winter peach, improves the per mu yield of winter peach.The present invention is by whole
Ground, rationally plant and daily management, the high-density planting of winter peach is realized, take full advantage of land resource, the growth of winter peach is fast, the cycle
Short, pest and disease damage is few, winter peach yield height and quality better, effectively increases the economic benefit of winter peach plantation.
Embodiment
Below, technical scheme is described in detail by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, site preparation：Selection of land, site preparation；
S2, peach seedling plant：Soil is ploughed deeply, using base manure, selects high-quality winter peach strong sprout to be transplanted；
S3, daily management：Including native water and fertilizer management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and trimming and finishing；
S4, harvest：Plucked after fruit maturation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, site preparation：Sandy loam is selected, selecting sandy loam, the thickness of sandy loam is in more than 1m, sandy loam as winter peach planting site
The pH value of soil is 6.5, rotary tillage soil-working and ridging, a height of 35cm in ridge, row spacing 45cm；
S2, peach seedling plant：Plough deeply soil, every mu of base manure for applying 800kg, select high-quality winter peach strong sprout using spacing in the rows as
1.5m, line-spacing are that 1.5m is transplanted；
S3, daily management：
Native water and fertilizer management：Lid mulch film or non-woven fabrics, it is annual to intertill 2 times；Sprinkling irrigation and drainage system are set；Annual top dressing is applied
3 times, each amount of application is 400kg/ mus；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：In March to November, trapping lamp is placed, every mu is placed 1, wherein, in June to August, spray concentration is
0.4wt% aqueous matrine solution 2 times, each dosage are 120ml/ mus；To spraying 23 ripples before winter peach rudiment after winter fallen leaves
The lime sulfur of U.S. degree, each dosage are 220ml/ mus；
Trimming and finishing：Including surely dry, bud picking, the torsion tip, pinching, smooth out with the fingers branch, sparse branching, thin flower bud and fruit thinning；
S4, harvest：Plucked after fruit maturation.
Embodiment 3
A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, site preparation：Sandy loam is selected, selecting sandy loam, the thickness of sandy loam is in more than 1.2m, sand as winter peach planting site
The pH value of loam is 7, rotary tillage soil-working and ridging, a height of 45cm in ridge, row spacing 65cm；
S2, peach seedling plant：Soil is ploughed deeply, every mu of base manure for applying 900kg, selects high-quality winter peach strong sprout using spacing in the rows as 1m,
Line-spacing is that 2.2m is transplanted；
S3, daily management：
Native water and fertilizer management：Lid mulch film or non-woven fabrics, it is annual to intertill 4 times；Sprinkling irrigation and drainage system are set；Annual top dressing is applied
4 times, each amount of application is 300kg/ mus；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：In March to November, trapping lamp is placed, every mu is placed 2, wherein, in June to August, spray concentration is
0.2wt% aqueous matrine solution 3 times, each dosage are 80ml/ mus；To spraying 15 Baume before winter peach rudiment after winter fallen leaves
The lime sulfur of degree, dosage are 220ml/ mus；
Trimming and finishing：Including surely dry, bud picking, the torsion tip, pinching, smooth out with the fingers branch, sparse branching, thin flower bud and fruit thinning；
S4, harvest：Plucked after fruit maturation.
Wherein, the raw material of base manure includes by weight：350 parts of green manure, 120 parts of sheep manure of fermentation, 60 parts of riverway sludge, Chinese medicine
50 parts of the dregs of a decoction, 40 parts of potassium breeze, 40 parts of ground phosphate rock, 15 parts of vermiculite power, 30 parts of medical stone powder, 6 parts of polyethylene glycol, 30 parts of sugar residue,
2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 5 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of citric acid, 5 parts of malic acid, 1 part of amine fresh fat, 4 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate；Wherein, in
The raw material of the medicine dregs of a decoction includes by weight：15 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizome, 12 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 5 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 6 parts of black nightshade, 2 parts of turmeric, 4 parts of selfheal,
4 parts of Oroxylum indicum, 6 parts of aloe；
The raw material of top dressing includes by weight：120 parts of green manure, 40 parts of animal wastes, 60 parts of urea, 40 parts of ammonium sulfate, nitre
Sour 35 parts of potassium, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of land plaster, 8 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of malic acid, multiple nitre
3 parts of phenol sodium, 2 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of EM probiotics, 4 parts of molasses powder.
Embodiment 4
A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, site preparation：Sandy loam is selected, selecting sandy loam, the thickness of sandy loam is in more than 1m, sandy loam as winter peach planting site
The pH value of soil is 8, rotary tillage soil-working and ridging, a height of 40cm in ridge, row spacing 60cm；
S2, peach seedling plant：Plough deeply soil, every mu of base manure for applying 950kg, select high-quality winter peach strong sprout using spacing in the rows as
1.4m, line-spacing are that 2m is transplanted；
S3, daily management：
Native water and fertilizer management：Lid mulch film or non-woven fabrics, it is annual to intertill 4 times；Sprinkling irrigation and drainage system are set；Annual top dressing is applied
4 times, each amount of application is 300kg/ mus；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：In March to November, trapping lamp is placed, every mu is placed 2, wherein, in June to August, spray concentration is
0.3wt% aqueous matrine solution 3 times, each dosage are 100ml/ mus；To spraying 24 ripples before winter peach rudiment after winter fallen leaves
The lime sulfur of U.S. degree, each dosage are 200ml/ mus；
Trimming and finishing：Including surely dry, bud picking, the torsion tip, pinching, smooth out with the fingers branch, sparse branching, thin flower bud and fruit thinning；
S4, harvest：Plucked after fruit maturation.
Wherein, the raw material of base manure includes by weight：450 parts of green manure, 80 parts of sheep manure of fermentation, 80 parts of riverway sludge, Chinese medicine
30 parts of the dregs of a decoction, 60 parts of potassium breeze, 20 parts of ground phosphate rock, 25 parts of vermiculite power, 20 parts of medical stone powder, 12 parts of polyethylene glycol, 20 parts of sugar residue,
1 part of photosynthetic bacteria, 10 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of boric acid, 7 parts of citric acid, 3 parts of malic acid, 3 parts of amine fresh fat, 2 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate；Wherein,
The raw material of Chinese medicine dreg includes by weight：10 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizome, 6 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 8 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 4 parts of black nightshade, 1 part of turmeric, selfheal 6
Part, 2 parts of Oroxylum indicum, 3 parts of aloe；
The raw material of top dressing includes by weight：80 parts of green manure, 60 parts of animal wastes, 80 parts of urea, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, nitric acid
50 parts of potassium, 35 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of land plaster, 12 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of boric acid, 3 parts of malic acid, compound nitrophenol
1 part of sodium, 4 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of EM probiotics, 2 parts of molasses powder.
Embodiment 5
A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, site preparation：Sandy loam is selected, selecting sandy loam, the thickness of sandy loam is in more than 1m, sandy loam as winter peach planting site
The pH value of soil is 7.5, rotary tillage soil-working and ridging, a height of 38cm in ridge, row spacing 55cm；
S2, peach seedling plant：Plough deeply soil, every mu of base manure for applying 850kg, select high-quality winter peach strong sprout using spacing in the rows as
1.2m, line-spacing are that 2m is transplanted；
S3, daily management：
Native water and fertilizer management：Lid mulch film or non-woven fabrics, it is annual to intertill 3 times；Sprinkling irrigation and drainage system are set；Annual top dressing is applied
3 times, each amount of application is 360kg/ mus；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：In March to November, trapping lamp is placed, every mu is placed 1, wherein, in June to August, spray concentration is
0.35wt% aqueous matrine solution 3 times, each dosage are 90ml/ mus；To spraying 24 ripples before winter peach rudiment after winter fallen leaves
The lime sulfur of U.S. degree, each dosage are 190ml/ mus；
Trimming and finishing：Including surely dry, bud picking, the torsion tip, pinching, smooth out with the fingers branch, sparse branching, thin flower bud and fruit thinning；
S4, harvest：Plucked after fruit maturation.
Wherein, the raw material of base manure includes by weight：400 parts of green manure, 100 parts of sheep manure of fermentation, 70 parts of riverway sludge, Chinese medicine
40 parts of the dregs of a decoction, 50 parts of potassium breeze, 30 parts of ground phosphate rock, 20 parts of vermiculite power, 25 parts of medical stone powder, 8 parts of polyethylene glycol, 25 parts of sugar residue,
1.2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 6.5 parts of humic acid, 6.5 parts of boric acid, 6 parts of citric acid, 4 parts of malic acid, 2 parts of amine fresh fat, 3 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate；
The raw material of top dressing includes by weight：100 parts of green manure, 50 parts of animal wastes, 70 parts of urea, 30 parts of ammonium sulfate, nitre
Sour 40 parts of potassium, 28 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 8 parts of land plaster, 10 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of malic acid, multiple nitre
2 parts of phenol sodium, 3 parts of gibberellin, 1.5 parts of EM probiotics, 3 parts of molasses powder.
Embodiment 6
A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, site preparation：Sandy loam is selected, selecting sandy loam, the thickness of sandy loam is in more than 1m, sandy loam as winter peach planting site
The pH value of soil is 7.5, rotary tillage soil-working and ridging, a height of 38cm in ridge, row spacing 55cm；
S2, peach seedling plant：Plough deeply soil, every mu of base manure for applying 850kg, select high-quality winter peach strong sprout using spacing in the rows as
1.2m, line-spacing are that 2m is transplanted；Duck eye is first dug during plant, winter peach strong sprout is in duck eye center, unfolds root system, righting, with
After insert table soil, gently carry seedling, ensure that root system is unfolded and touched in soil, root water is poured after steady and sure；
S3, daily management：
Native water and fertilizer management：Lid mulch film or non-woven fabrics, it is annual to intertill 3 times；Sprinkling irrigation and drainage system are set；Annual top dressing is applied
4 times, each amount of application is 350kg/ mus；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：In March to November, trapping lamp is placed, every mu is placed 2, wherein, in June to August, spray concentration is
0.45wt% aqueous matrine solution 3 times, each dosage are 90ml/ mus；To spraying 14 ripple before winter peach rudiment after winter fallen leaves
The lime sulfur of U.S. degree, dosage are 210ml/ mus；
Trimming and finishing：Including surely dry, bud picking, the torsion tip, pinching, smooth out with the fingers branch, sparse branching, thin flower bud and fruit thinning；
S4, harvest：Plucked after fruit maturation.
Wherein, the raw material of base manure includes by weight：420 parts of green manure, 110 parts of sheep manure of fermentation, 75 parts of riverway sludge, Chinese medicine
45 parts of the dregs of a decoction, 55 parts of potassium breeze, 35 parts of ground phosphate rock, 22 parts of vermiculite power, 22 parts of medical stone powder, 9.5 parts of polyethylene glycol, sugar residue 22
Part, 1.8 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 8.5 parts of humic acid, 7.2 parts of boric acid, 6.2 parts of citric acid, 4.5 parts of malic acid, 2.5 parts of amine fresh fat, naphthalene
3.5 parts of acetic acid；Wherein, the raw material of Chinese medicine dreg includes by weight：13 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizome, 9 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 7 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 5 parts of black nightshade, ginger
Yellow 1.5 parts, 5 parts of selfheal, 3 parts of Oroxylum indicum, 4.5 parts of aloe；
The raw material of top dressing includes by weight：110 parts of green manure, 52 parts of animal wastes, 75 parts of urea, 35 parts of ammonium sulfate, nitre
Sour 45 parts of potassium, 25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 8 parts of land plaster, 10 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of malic acid, multiple nitre
2 parts of phenol sodium, 3 parts of gibberellin, 1.5 parts of EM probiotics, 3 parts of molasses powder；
Trimming and finishing includes：
Transplant First Year trimming and finishing：High-quality winter peach strong sprout is wiped out and transplanted on trunk after all branches；Transferred after germination
More than interface stay 3 good buds, the bud below graft union of erasing；May, early and middle ten dayses, when new-tip length reaches 25cm, selected and remain one uprightly
Vigorous dry doubling of deciding inserts bamboo pole bondage thereon, and remaining turns branch at base portion 5cm makes its sagging growth；Two are waited before and after early June
When secondary branch grows to 25cm, apart from ground 65cm select and remain 2 pin down branch and smooth out with the fingers it is flat outside, top has 5 growths are more prosperous to stay
10cm pinching inspires pumping sublateral shoot, to carry out smoothing out with the fingers branch when remaining etc. grows into 30cm, and it is in horizontal growth state to make it；September 20 days
Left and right can carry out an autumn trimming according to the dense situation of tree crown branches and leaves, remove the overstocked branch in top, dredge thin and delicate branch, dense
Branch, contract and dredge upright strong prosperous branch, the branch of excessive growth, ensure the young sprout ventilation and penetrating light left, 15 shoots are stayed per trunk；Winter do not trim or
Light pruning；Its extension is acted in accordance with to trunk top young sprout, it is not necessary to pinching；Below trunk base portion 30cm young sprout should be erased in time；
Transplant Second Year trimming and finishing：Second Year is transplanted after spring rudiment, young sprout grows to 20cm or so and carried out for the first time
Pinching, continue pinching 2 times afterwards, until stopping by the end of June；Controlled using sparse branching in whole growth period or the methods of turning round the tip upright
Prosperous branch, sparse branching and cutting back are carried out after fruit harvesting；
Transplant the 3rd year trimming and finishing：Summer pruning is aided with trimming and turns round the tip, while to start to cultivate still based on pinching
Healthy and strong fruit-bearing shoot cluster, against trunk, is evenly distributed, in the ranks ensures ventilation and penetrating light.Bounced back in time before and after annual mid-September
Trimming, top, which extends branch, can retract to 2m height.Visual growing way carries out cutting back renewal after winter fallen leaves, and tree crown is controlled 2.5
Rice or so, every plant should leave 40, fruitful branch (based on length, middle fruitful branch), there are about medium and small fruit-bearing shoot cluster 20.
The a certain experimental plot in Laian County is selected, is planted using a kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high density in the present embodiment 5 and embodiment 6
Culture method, the per mu yield of the 3rd year winter peach is respectively 3100kg and 3115kg after cultivation.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：S1, site preparation：Selection of land, site preparation；S2, peach seedling plant：Soil is ploughed deeply, using base manure, selects high-quality winter peach strong sprout to be transplanted；S3, daily management：Including native water and fertilizer management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and trimming and finishing；S4, harvest：Plucked after fruit maturation.
- 2. winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S1, select sandy loam As winter peach planting site, the thickness of sandy loam is in more than 1m, and the pH value of sandy loam is 6.5-8, rotary tillage soil-working and ridging, and ridge is a height of 35-45cm, row spacing 45-65cm.
- 3. according to winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method any one of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that in S2, The amount of application of base manure is 800-1000kg/ mus.
- 4. according to winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that in S2, The raw material of base manure includes by weight：Green manure 350-450 parts, fermentation sheep manure 80-120 parts, riverway sludge 60-80 parts, Chinese medicines Slag 30-50 parts, potassium breeze 40-60 parts, ground phosphate rock 20-40 parts, vermiculite power 15-25 parts, medical stone powder 20-30 parts, polyethylene glycol 6-12 parts, sugar residue 20-30 parts, photosynthetic bacteria 1-2 parts, humic acid 5-10 parts, boric acid 5-8 parts, citric acid 4-7 parts, malic acid 3-5 Part, amine fresh fat 1-3 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 2-4 parts.
- 5. according to winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that Chinese medicines The raw material of slag includes by weight：Bighead atractylodes rhizome 10-15 parts, pseudo-ginseng 6-12 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 5-8 parts, black nightshade 4-6 parts, turmeric 1-2 parts, summer Withered grass 4-6 parts, Oroxylum indicum 2-4 parts, aloe 3-6 parts.
- 6. according to winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that in S2, For high-quality winter peach strong sprout using spacing in the rows as 1-1.5m, line-spacing is that 1.5-2.2m is transplanted.
- 7. according to winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that in S3, The concrete operations of native water and fertilizer management are as follows：Lid mulch film or non-woven fabrics, it is annual to intertill 2-4 times；Sprinkling irrigation and drainage system are set；Every year Top dressing is applied 3-4 times, and each amount of application is 300-400kg/ mus.
- 8. according to winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that in S3, The raw material of top dressing includes by weight：Green manure 80-120 parts, animal wastes 40-60 parts, urea 60-80 parts, ammonium sulfate 20-40 Part, potassium nitrate 35-50 parts, calcium superphosphate 20-35 parts, ferrous sulfate 3-5 parts, land plaster 5-10 parts, diatomite 8-12 parts, boric acid 5-8 parts, malic acid 3-5 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 1-3 parts, gibberellin 2-4 parts, EM probiotics 1-2 parts, molasses powder 2-4 parts.
- 9. according to winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method any one of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that in S3, Prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control concrete operations are as follows：In March to November, trapping lamp is placed, every mu is placed 1-2 small cups, wherein, June to August, sprinkling The aqueous matrine solution that concentration is 0.2-0.4wt% 2-3 times, each dosage is 80-120ml/ mus；Sprouted after winter fallen leaves to winter peach The lime sulfur of 1-2 3-5 Baume degrees is sprayed before bud, each dosage is 180-220ml/ mus.
- 10. according to winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method any one of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that in S3, Trimming and finishing includes fixed dry, bud picking, turns round the tip, pinching, smooth out with the fingers branch, sparse branching, dredge flower bud and fruit thinning.
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| CN108690629A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-10-23 | 惠州市欧野科技有限公司 | A kind of farmland soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108738959A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-11-06 | 晴隆县紫马乡紫鑫茶叶农民专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods improving winter peach yield |
| CN108902043A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-30 | 紫云自治县民生行正种养殖农民专业合作社 | A method of cultivating chicken under winter peach |
| CN109042025A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-21 | 紫云自治县民生行正种养殖农民专业合作社 | A kind of winter peach early maturing and high yield high-density planting method |
| CN110352770A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-10-22 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of cultural method of the happy shape major branch alternating result of four major branches for peach |
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Application publication date: 20171201 |