CN1073790C - Gingar planting process in greenhouse - Google Patents
Gingar planting process in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN1073790C CN1073790C CN98112021A CN98112021A CN1073790C CN 1073790 C CN1073790 C CN 1073790C CN 98112021 A CN98112021 A CN 98112021A CN 98112021 A CN98112021 A CN 98112021A CN 1073790 C CN1073790 C CN 1073790C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to a method for planting ginger in a greenhouse. In the method, a water filtering layer is arranged under a hot bed, and a boiler is adopted for circularly supplying hot water and heat according to the characteristics that ginger is not suitable for growing in the environments of high temperature and high moisture and easily has malignant diseases. Therefore, soil moisture can be effectively controlled, soil temperature can be regulated and controlled according to the physiological requirements of the ginger in different growth periods, malignant diseases are avoided, and the normal growth of the ginger in a greenhouse is guaranteed. The method also has the characteristics of convenient temperature adjustment, rapid temperature rise, low cost of heat supply, high input-output ratio, capable of being popularized in large areas, etc. The present invention overcomes the defects that traditional greenhouse planting techniques can not be used for planting ginger, etc.
Description
The invention belongs to green house of vegetables chamber planting method (technology), particularly a kind of method that adopts the chamber planting ginger.This method is particluarly suitable for being used for cold season the young ginger of ginger cultivation with the order of results inverse time.
At present, the still north no matter in south, all generally adopt plastic greenhouse in the winter time the low temperature time produce and inverse time make vegetables, to regulate the market demand, improve the living standards of urban and rural residents, and obtained effect preferably.But traditional greenhouse and kind method for planting thereof, all are temperature with air and soil in the raising greenhouse, making its indoor microclimate satisfy the temperature required and sunlight of vegetable growth is purpose, wherein as: common ferment material greenhouse, solar energy greenhouse etc., though it is low that this type of greenhouse has a planting cost, but temperature fluctuation is big, and the adjusting of indoor temperature and humidity has only by spacious canopy, ventilates to passive adjusting in the process of growth; And soil temperature, humidity are more lacked effective control measures; Though and traditional greenhouse, flue fiery pit and electric heating greenhouse can be by heat supply, the artificial temperature of regulating of power supply, it is big that the former builds difficulty, and quantities is big, time-consuming, non-uniform temperature, the latter but exist heat up slow and use cost and energy consumption too high, do not cross the cost pass; And both all can not control effectively to the humidity in the soil.Therefore, though above-mentioned greenhouse is to all better such as the planting effect of fruits and vegetables classes such as tomato, capsicum, cucumber, eggplant, balsam pear and base of leaf class vegetables, but because this type of greenhouse and planting technology thereof are to humidity, especially poor to the control and the regulatory function of humidity in the soil, that is to poor, thereby be not suitable for the plantation of ginger than the subenvironment adjusting function in the deep soil.Ginger is the crop of edible its piece root, and its fleshy root is tied in the soil dearly, both has been afraid of low temperature in process of growth, also be afraid of high temperature, high humidity, Sheng Chang middle and later periods especially is once high temperature, high humidity or soil compaction anoxic appear in the root environment, promptly soft rot can take place, also claim bacterial wilt of ginger.This pernicious disease is once take place just restive.This also is ginger is difficult to adopt traditional greenhouse technology plantation in cold season reason place.
The objective of the invention is according to the ginger required environment of growing, especially the environmental condition of soil lower floor, adopt and a kind ofly both can regulate the particularly temperature of soil of temperature different vegetative period according to ginger, can effectively control simultaneously plantation, the cultivation method of the humidity of soil and gas permeability etc. again, to guarantee ginger normal growth in the greenhouse, avoid the generation of pernicious disease, to change ginger by day conventional method of plantation, thereby science, realize the plastic greenhouse plantation of ginger reliably, and cost is low, purposes such as high efficiency and the popularization of energy large tracts of land.
Solution of the present invention is at first to design one both can regulate temperature, and the effective greenhouse of controlled humidity promptly divides into a drainage layer at greenhouse bed body again, and this drainage layer can improve the gas permeability of soil to a certain extent again; On the drainage layer, re-lay the heat supply water pipe as the heat supply layer, to keep the temperature in a body and whole greenhouse; Hot water preferably provides (with good conditionsi also can utilize industrial exhaust heat water) by heating boiler and by water pump circulation recycling, with energy savings, cover certain thickness earth on the heat supply layer again as heat dissipating layer, to guarantee more than this layer that the temperature to the bed surface zone evenly distributes, and avoids local temperature too high; This layer is above as ginger cultivation and cover layer; One heat-insulation layer is set again, to reduce heat-energy losses around the bed body; After hotbed is built up, put up frame routinely, cover the book film heating system is connected, both promptly built up and can regulate temperature, effective controlled humidity again can be used for the greenhouse of ginger cultivation; Then with the ginger kind that chooses after sterilization is handled, upright planting more than heat dissipating layer, upper cap nutrition soil plant the back according to regulating temperature different vegetative period, water etc. to manage until results, thus realization the object of the invention.Therefore, ginger planting process in greenhouse of the present invention comprises:
A, build the greenhouse:
A, in depths, the hotbed face following 0.5m left and right sides one drainage layer is set, equidistant again laying circulation water for heating pipe was as the heat supply layer after its loam cake was not less than the soil of 5cm; Be not less than the soil of 10cm as heat dissipating layer at the water pipe loam cake then; Be respectively ginger cultivation and cover layer more than the heat dissipating layer; More than the drainage layer, one heat-insulation layer also is set to bed surface around the bed body;
B, the frame of on the bed body, puing up a shed, lid book film, thus the greenhouse main body built up;
C, boiler, cycle water storage tank and water circulating pump are arranged in the outer boiler room of greenhouse main body, and the water inlet of greenhouse circulation water for heating pipe and boiler hot-water outlet connected, and its delivery port is connected in the cycle water storage tank, then being connected with cycle water storage tank and boiler feed water chamber respectively of water circulating pump into and out of head, and form heating system;
B, plantation: select the ginger kind, stripping and slicing is after immersion is sterilized, airing, and eye is upwards upright then plants in bed body heat dissipating layer top, and ginger kind top covers nutrition soil, and the covering bed thickness is about 20cm;
C, arch heat: after having planted, start boiler heat supplying; After bed temperature rises to required value, change heat preservation and heat supply into, the input water temperature of heat preservation and heat supply is 60 ℃-80 ℃; Temperature required in the daytime according to budding time, control bud phase and the forward and backward phase different growing stages of growing then in process of growth after this controlled its heating load; Then stop heat supply night, also satisfy its growth requirement to guarantee day and night temperature;
D, daily management:
A, ground temperature regulate control: budding time,, till promptly planting the back and sending out 2-3 bud to each ginger kind, the interior temperature of bed body plantation layer is controlled in 25 ℃ of-28 ℃ of scopes; After this control bud phase then cools the temperature to 20 ℃-22 ℃; Again temperature is risen to 25 ℃-28 ℃ early stage when young ginger enters growth,, only grow the later stage to entering, and then cool the temperature to about 22 ℃ until results to promote young Jiang Shengchang;
B, the situation of wetting of doing in the whole growth phase according to soil are watered water 2-4 time.
Above-mentioned described drainage layer is laid to adopt the paddy and wheat straw or the like, and thickness is 2-5cm.And described equidistant laying circulation water for heating pipe is as heat dissipating layer, and the distance between its water pipe and the water pipe is 15-25cm; The entire heat dissipation layer is provided with two cover circulating water pipes, and the water inlet of each water pipe is located at the outside of a body respectively, and a body middle part then all is located in the water side, and its hot water is all circulated in the lateral, in order to the uniformity that keeps bed body temperature degree.Ginger is grown in above-mentioned greenhouse, and the described back of planting is to budding time in about 1 week; About the control bud phase after sprouting in about 2 weeks so that the enough nutriment of ginger bud savings; And the forward and backward phase of the growth of young ginger was respectively for 3 week and 2 weeks, that is can gather in the crops about whole growth phase in about 8 weeks.In order to satisfy the pressure of boiler from water distribution manifold, guarantee its heating load, the boiler delivery port should not be lower than 1.5m apart from the height of greenhouse bed surface; And the height of cycle water storage tank is no more than 1/2 of boiler delivery port and bed surface distance; And circulating water pipe adopts plastic water pipe.For the supervision and the control of greenhouse bed temperature, both can adopt thermometer to insert in the plantation layer, control by manual observation and adjusting hot water feed water valve; Also can adopt temperature sensor and magnetic valve to regulate and control the temperature of bed body automatically.
The present invention has been owing to set up the drainage layer at the bed in greenhouse under the body, thereby controlled the humidity of greenhouse soil effectively; Adopt the boiler circulation heating, both be convenient to control and regulated bed temperature, have intensification again and (adopt the latter if 8m than electric seed bed heater is fast
22 kilowatts of heating wires of bed surface cloth; It 12 hours was that temperature rises only 1.25 ℃/hour that temperature rises to 25 ℃ of need by 10 ℃), and heat cost is far below the electric heating greenhouse.Therefore, the present invention has the humidity that both can effectively control greenhouse soil, and can effectively regulate its temperature according to the ginger different growing stages, guarantee ginger normal growth in the greenhouse, avoid the generation of pernicious disease, break away from ginger by day conventional method of plantation, realized the plantation of ginger plastic greenhouse, but commodity value and purposes such as input-output ratio height and large tracts of land popularization.
Embodiment
Each hotbed bed surface of present embodiment is 16 * 4mm (long * wide).
Build the greenhouse and plant:
The straw of 3cm thick (compressing thickness) is laid as the drainage layer in the 0.5m depths under the bed body, adopt 1.5cm thick polyethylene vacuolar membrane plate as heat-insulation layer around the bed body, until bed surface, blinding 6cm on the drainage layer, then pipe laying directly be 3/4 cun mould two groups in water pipe as the heat supply layer, every group all from the snakelike laying in middle part of bed length direction lateral bed body, centre distance 18cm is that every group of circulating water pipe established 5 rows between the tube and tube, two outside water inlets are connected by valve and boiler hot-water outlet, and the middle part delivery port then is connected to cycle water (recovery) storage tank.On the heat supply layer, cover 10cm soil as heat dissipating layer.Can plant as building bed first this moment; Promptly select the big high-quality ginger kind of eye for use, cut and adopt behind the bud sterilization that adds carbendazim to soak 10 minutes night, sterilization treatment, eye is upwards upright behind the airing, and the ginger kind is by planting on heat dissipating layer; Then with the nutrition earth mulch on the ginger kind to bed surface, its overburden cover should not be lower than 20cm, this cover layer also is a young ginger grown layer after this, so this layer should be made into nutrition soil and cover, present embodiment adopts fertilizer such as pig, chicken manure and native soil mixed preparing to form.Then, scaffolding frame, lid book film can enter heat supply, management work.
It is the boiler for domestic of 0.25 ton of/hour boiling water that the present embodiment boiler adopts heating load, and every in this boiler can satisfy greenhouse 4-5 heating load of above-mentioned area; The present embodiment boiler is located at the above 1.5m eminence of bed surface, adopts from force feed hot water; Cycle water (recovery) storage tank then is located at the position a little more than bed surface, and storage tank is 0.6m by flow
2/ hour, lift is that the water circulating pump of 6m is sent into the hot water that reclaims in the boiler again, to form circulation heating and to utilize waste heat, under the situation of continuous heat supply, this heat-supplying mode can make the ground temperature rate of climb reach 3 ℃/hour.
Daily management, with outdoor daily mean temperature 0-5 ℃ area, adopting artificial supervision and control heat supply is example: evenly establish 6 around in hotbed, 4 thermometers totally 10 temperature monitoring points are established at the middle part, insert in the plantation layer thermometer lower end, and the temperature around the ginger kind is directly monitored.The continuous warm-up heating of high temperature is adopted in heat supply first, up to ground temperature being brought up to 28 ℃, again with 60 ℃ of-80 ℃ of hot water thermal insulating heat supplies; After this, change 8 o'clock every mornings into and begin heat supply, stop heat supply about at 17 o'clock in afternoon, to guarantee that the ground temperature temperature difference is not less than 4 ℃ round the clock.And in germination period (about the week after sowing) in the daytime ground temperature be controlled at 25 ℃-28 ℃ promoting its germination, end to each ginger kind 2-3 bud that sprout; Again will be in the daytime ground temperature be controlled in 20 ℃ of-22 ℃ of scopes, both controlled the number that sprouts, avoid young ginger steep long and lose commodity value again, about time in about 2 weeks; After this enter growth early stage (about about 3 weeks), again daytime temperature is controlled at 25 ℃-28 ℃ to promote young Jiang Shengchang; To enter the growth later stage again will be in the daytime ground temperature be controlled at about 22 ℃ until results (about about 2 weeks).Present embodiment is gathered in the crops from sowing to altogether about about 8 weeks.
In whole growth process, the nutrition soil that present embodiment adopts pig, chicken manure to become with field soil mix because of cover layer, fertilizer efficiency is long, so need not refertilize mid-term; Only water water 2-4 time according to the wet situation of doing of soil.And the control of ground temperature be must guard against above 30 ℃, in the daytime if meet strong weather at sunshine, when air surpasses 32 ℃ in the canopy, should open the canopy ventilation, to prevent the generation of bacterial wilt of ginger in vegetative period.Adopt greenhouse of the present invention heat cost less than 1/2 of heating wire heat supply.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of planting process in greenhouse of ginger is characterized in that this kind method for planting comprises:
A, build the greenhouse:
A, in depths, the hotbed bed surface following 0.5m left and right sides one drainage layer is set, after its loam cake was not less than the soil of 5cm, equidistant again laying circulation water for heating pipe was as the heat supply layer; The soil that is not less than 10cm at the water pipe loam cake is respectively ginger cultivation and cover layer as heat dissipating layer more than the heat dissipating layer then; More than the drainage layer, also be provided with a heat-insulation layer to bed surface around the bed body;
B, the frame of on the bed body, puing up a shed, lid book film, thus the greenhouse main body built up;
C, boiler, cycle water storage tank and water circulating pump are arranged in the outer boiler room of greenhouse main body, and with the water inlet and boiler hot-water outlet connection of greenhouse circulation water for heating pipe, and its delivery port is connected in the cycle water storage tank; Then being connected with cycle water storage tank and boiler feed water chamber respectively of water circulating pump into and out of head, and form heating system;
B, plantation: select the ginger kind, stripping and slicing is after immersion is sterilized, airing, and eye is upwards upright then plants in bed body heat dissipating layer top, and ginger kind top covers nutrition soil, and the covering bed thickness is 20cm;
C, heat supply: after having planted, start boiler heat supplying; After bed temperature rises to required value, change heat preservation and heat supply into; The input water temperature of heat preservation and heat supply is 60 ℃-80 ℃; In process of growth after this,, control the temperature required in the daytime of the bud phase and the forward and backward phase different growing stages of growing, control its heating load then according to budding time; Then stop heat supply night;
D, management
A, ground temperature are regulated control; Budding time,, till promptly planting the back and sending out 2-3 bud to each ginger kind, the interior daytime temperature of bed body plantation layer is controlled in 25 ℃ of-28 ℃ of scopes; After this control bud phase then cools the temperature to 20 ℃-22 ℃; Again temperature is risen to 25 ℃-28 ℃ when young ginger enters vegetative period,, end to entering the growth later stage to promote young Jiang Shengchang; And then daytime temperature reduced to about 22 ℃ until results;
B, the situation of wetting of doing in the whole growth phase according to bed soil are watered water 2-4 time.
2, press the greenhouse gardening method of the described ginger of claim 1; It is characterized in that described drainage layer adopts paddy and wheat grass straw or the like to lay, thickness is 2-5m.
3, by the greenhouse gardening method of the described ginger of claim 1, it is characterized in that described equidistant laying circulation water for heating pipe as heat dissipating layer, the distance between its water pipe and the water pipe is 15-25cm; The entire heat dissipation layer is provided with two cover circulating water pipes, and the water inlet of every cover water pipe is located at the then outer of a body respectively, and a body middle part then all is located in the water side, and its hot water is all circulated in the lateral.
4, by the greenhouse gardening method of the described ginger of claim 1, it is characterized in that the budding time in the described process of growth, the control bud phase and the forward and backward phase different growing stages of growing were respectively about 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 2 weeks.
5, by the greenhouse gardening method of the described ginger of claim 1, it is characterized in that the setting of boiler and cycle water storage tank, should not be lower than 1.5m apart from the height of greenhouse bed surface with the boiler delivery port; And the height of cycle water storage tank is no more than 1/2 of boiler delivery port and bed surface distance; And circulating water pipe adopts plastic water pipe.
6, by the greenhouse gardening method of the described ginger of claim 1, it is characterized in that supervision and control, both can adopt thermometer to insert in the plantation layer, control by manual observation and adjusting hot water feed water valve to the greenhouse bed temperature; Also can adopt temperature sensor and magnetic valve to monitor and control the temperature of bed body automatically.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98112021A CN1073790C (en) | 1998-05-19 | 1998-05-19 | Gingar planting process in greenhouse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98112021A CN1073790C (en) | 1998-05-19 | 1998-05-19 | Gingar planting process in greenhouse |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1230336A CN1230336A (en) | 1999-10-06 |
| CN1073790C true CN1073790C (en) | 2001-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98112021A Expired - Fee Related CN1073790C (en) | 1998-05-19 | 1998-05-19 | Gingar planting process in greenhouse |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101283655B (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2010-08-04 | 陈炳金 | Summer and autumn cultivation method of ginger |
| CN102450141A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-05-16 | 倪明源 | Ginger cultivation technology |
| CN102907230A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-02-06 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Ginger sprout accelerating culture method by using warm water to circularly heat |
| CN103875425B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-06-24 | 李丹两 | Out-of-season cultivation method of fresh gingers |
| KR101653769B1 (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-09-02 | 이성민 | Method cultivating a ginger |
| CN106020290A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 河南科技学院 | Greenhouse soil temperature intelligent adjustment and control device |
| CN106647895A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 铜陵富饶绿园有限责任公司 | Ginger accelerating germination thermal insulation method |
| CN108617461A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-09 | 贵州安新农业发展有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to plant organic substrate of ginger and preparation method thereof |
| CN111742803B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-08-17 | 唐山市农业科学研究院 | Efficient cultivation method based on ginger micro-sprinkling irrigation water and fertilizer integration |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08310909A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1996-11-26 | Teijin Chem Ltd | Growth of ginger and soil-treating agent for controlling rhizome putrefactive disease of ginger |
-
1998
- 1998-05-19 CN CN98112021A patent/CN1073790C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08310909A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1996-11-26 | Teijin Chem Ltd | Growth of ginger and soil-treating agent for controlling rhizome putrefactive disease of ginger |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1230336A (en) | 1999-10-06 |
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