CN112586285A - Strawberry seedling raising method - Google Patents
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000021012 strawberries Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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Abstract
The invention provides a strawberry seedling raising method, which is convenient for providing convenient operation for raising strawberry seedlings and promoting the flower bud differentiation of the strawberry seedlings in advance; the method comprises the following steps: step 1: cultivating strawberry seedlings in a cold shed; step 2: inputting cold air into the cold shed within 20 days before the strawberry seedlings are fixedly planted and when the cold shed is positioned at night; the cumulative input time of the cold air is not less than 240 hours in the 20 days; the average temperature of the cold air input into the cold shed is between 8 and 15 ℃; the night is a continuous time period without continuous sunshine within 0-24 hours per day; and step 3: and transplanting the strawberry seedlings reaching the field planting period out of the cold shed. The method provides a very favorable growth condition for promoting flower bud differentiation before strawberry field planting, can accumulate more nutrients for strawberry fruit, fills the stubble breaking period for strawberry fruit supply, and obtains the planting effect that the yield increment of the strawberries is not less than 50% compared with the strawberry seedling culture in a refrigeration house.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of strawberry seedling culture, and particularly relates to a strawberry seedling culture method.
Background
The strawberry planting time in China is different from morning to evening, and is earlier in the north and later in the south due to obvious difference of climates of various regions. Strawberry field planting needs to have two conditions: firstly, when the flower bud differentiation rate at the tops of strawberry seedlings reaches 50%; secondly, the ambient temperature reaches 15 to 23 ℃. Southern warm areas are generally planted from mid-9 to last 10 months. Northern areas typically range from 8 to 9 months. The planting date of partial early-maturing varieties in northern areas is preferably 9 months and 1-5 days, and the planting date of intermediate-maturing varieties is preferably 9 months and 5-10 days. However, the natural temperature of the water reaches 15-23 ℃ in both south and north. The field temperature is preferably about 20 ℃ for permanent planting, and the planting cannot be too early and too late.
In the field of strawberry planting, a traditional greenhouse seedling growing mode is adopted, and mature strawberry fruits can be supplied only in 12 months to 6 months in the next year every year. In order to break through the time limit of the fruit breaking period, the supply time limit of the strawberries is earlier to be on the market in 11 months by adopting a refrigeration seedling raising mode in the prior art. The improved seedling culture method not only meets the strong demand of the market on strawberry products in the fruit-breaking period, but also brings great industrial profit for fruit growers due to the high price and income brought into the market early. Further, the cold shed among the prior art has that the structural framework is little, and the appearance is simple, and the occupation of land space is little, and does not have the technical advantage that orientation required, but does not have relevant application in the aspect of cold-stored growing seedlings, still relies on the plug to move the strawberry seedling to the freezer when implementing cold-stored growing seedlings among the prior art and places the technical purpose that promotes the differentiation of strawberry flower bud. Although the existing refrigeration seedling raising mode can break through the use effect of the original strawberry supply time, the strawberry fruit supply still cannot be achieved within the period of 7-10 months.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a strawberry seedling growing method for solving the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a strawberry seedling raising method, which is convenient to provide convenience for cultivating strawberry seedlings and promoting flower bud differentiation of the strawberry seedlings in advance.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
in one aspect, the invention provides a strawberry seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: cultivating strawberry seedlings in a cold shed;
step 2: inputting cold air into the cold shed within 20 days before the strawberry seedlings are fixedly planted and when the cold shed is positioned at night; the cumulative input time of the cold air is not less than 240 hours in the 20 days; the average temperature of the cold air input into the cold shed is between 8 and 15 ℃; the night is a continuous time period without continuous sunshine within 0-24 hours per day;
and step 3: and transplanting the strawberry seedlings reaching the field planting period out of the cold shed.
Preferably, the cumulative input time period of the cool air is 240 to 300 hours.
Preferably, the cold shed is used for supplying cold air at night: the average temperature in the cold shed is between 10 and 15 ℃ in the first half of the time of continuously inputting cold air in a single day; the average temperature in the cold shed during the second half of the continuous input of cold air on a single day is between 8 and 12 degrees celsius.
Preferably, the cold shed is subjected to continuous natural illumination for no less than 8 to 12 hours during the daytime; the day time is a continuous period of continuous sunshine from 0 hour to 24 hours per day.
Preferably, in the step 2, a refrigerating fan is arranged in the cold shed, so that cold air is input into the cold shed.
Preferably, in the step 2, cold air generated by a refrigeration device provided outside the cold shed is input to the cold shed, and the cold air is input into the cold shed.
Preferably, in the step 2, the injection amount of the cold air is precisely controlled by providing a temperature sensor in the cold shed.
Preferably, in the step 2, an insulation layer is laid on the upper surface of the greenhouse film of the cold greenhouse during the period when the cold greenhouse is supplied with cold air.
Preferably, the cold shed is a double-layer shed film.
Preferably, a full-automatic sprinkling irrigation and/or drip irrigation facility is arranged in the cold shed.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a strawberry seedling raising method, including: cultivating strawberry seedlings in a cold shed which is not provided with a cold air input device; the temperature of the cold shed is between 15 and 20 ℃ in the daytime and between 8 and 15 ℃ at night within 20 days before the strawberry seedlings are fixedly planted; the daytime is a continuous time period with continuous sunshine from 0 hour to 24 hours per day; the nighttime is a continuous period of no continuous sun exposure for 24 hours.
In addition, the invention also provides a strawberry seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps: cultivating strawberry seedlings in an outdoor environment; the outdoor environment is within 20 days before the strawberry seedling is fixedly planted: the temperature in the daytime is between 15 and 20 ℃, and the temperature at night is between 8 and 15 ℃; the day time is a continuous time period with continuous sunshine within 24 hours; the nighttime is a continuous period of time without continuous sun exposure from 0 hours to 24 hours per day.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that: the invention adopts the way that cold air is continuously input into the cold shed at night within 20 days before the strawberry seedling is fixedly planted, so as to create a low-temperature environment with the average temperature of between 8 and 15 ℃, provide very favorable growth conditions for promoting flower bud differentiation before the strawberry is fixedly planted, accumulate more nutrients for strawberry fruits, fill the stubble breaking period for supplying strawberry fruits, and obtain the planting effect that the yield increment of the strawberry is not less than 50 percent compared with the strawberry seedling culture in a refrigeration house. Furthermore, the strawberry seedling method has better field operation operability, can be operated and implemented directly in a cold shed in the field, and is simple in structure and easy to implement; in addition, the probability of plant diseases and insect pests of the strawberry seedlings cultivated by the method can be further reduced, and the damage to the strawberry seedlings caused by rain and hail can be reduced.
Furthermore, set up the refrigeration fan in cold canopy, can beat the cold air of sufficient in the canopy at the night that the strawberry was grown seedlings, promote the strawberry seedling early realize the flower bud differentiation, and then reach the cultivation effect that is superior to the strawberry freezer and grows seedlings. The improved cold shed seedling raising mode can achieve the use effect superior to that of the refrigeration house seedling raising, the input cost of a planting user is greatly reduced in the aspect of the shed body building cost, the carrying operation of reciprocating transferring of seedlings between the cold shed and the refrigeration house is not needed during use, and the operation burden of a cultivation worker can be reduced; in addition, the improved strawberry seedling culture method can continuously provide continuous illumination for 8-12 hours per day required by the growth of strawberry seedlings in the daytime, can further obtain a better culture effect compared with refrigeration house dark room culture, is beneficial to the growth and nutrient accumulation of the strawberry seedlings, can ensure the fruit supply of the strawberries in the season breaking period, and perfectly fills the technical blank of the fruit breaking period in the strawberry culture.
Furthermore, the cold air with the accumulated input time of 240-300 hours in the cold shed at night can continuously maintain the temperature in the cold shed at 8-15 ℃, so that the germ survival in the cold shed can be effectively inhibited, the technical effect of preventing and treating strawberry diseases is achieved, the flower bud differentiation of the strawberry seedlings can be promoted to be realized earlier, and the flower bud differentiation time of the strawberry seedlings can be further advanced by one month after the method is adopted.
Further, the invention provides a cold shed with: "the average temperature in the cold shed is between 10 ℃ and 15 ℃ during the first half of the continuous cold air input in a single day; the average temperature in the cold shed is between 8 and 12 ℃ in the last half of the time of continuously inputting cold air in a single day; the cold air input mode not only can effectively restrain the occurrence of strawberry diseases, but also can further promote the flower bud differentiation of strawberries, can effectively balance the temperature environment requirements of the differentiation of the two technical effects, can meet the bacteriostatic effect when the temperature is 10-15 ℃, and can also make full use of the temperature environment between 8-12 ℃ to promote the quick flower bud differentiation of strawberry seedlings.
Furthermore, the invention can provide powerful technical guarantee for the maturity and yield increase of the transplanted strawberry seedlings by further providing natural illumination for the cold shed for not less than 8 to 12 hours, and is beneficial to the healthy growth and nutrient accumulation of the strawberry seedlings; the obtained strawberry seedlings are healthier and have stronger disease resistance.
Furthermore, the heat-insulating layer is paved on the upper surface of the film of the cold shed during the cold air input period of the cold shed, so that the use effect of saving electric energy can be achieved.
Furthermore, another strawberry seedling culture method provided by the invention can realize strawberry flower bud differentiation in advance for one month in a cold shed environment when the environmental temperature is between 15 and 20 ℃ in the daytime and between 8 and 15 ℃ at night, improve the disease resistance of strawberry seedlings, improve the taste and taste of strawberry fruits, and improve the annual yield of strawberries.
Furthermore, another strawberry seedling method provided by the invention can fully utilize the regional environment which meets the conditions that the temperature is between 15 and 20 ℃ in the daytime and between 8 and 15 ℃ at night, fill the blank period of strawberry fruit supply, and plant the strawberries with excellent quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic operation step diagram of a strawberry seedling raising method in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention. Furthermore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a strawberry seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: cultivating strawberry seedlings in a cold shed;
step 2: inputting cold air into the cold shed within 20 days before the strawberry seedlings are fixedly planted and when the cold shed is positioned at night; the cumulative input time of the cold air is not less than 240 hours in the 20 days; the average temperature of the cold air input into the cold shed is between 8 and 15 ℃; the night is a continuous time period without continuous sunshine within 0-24 hours per day;
and step 3: and transplanting the strawberry seedlings reaching the field planting period out of the cold shed.
The invention adopts the way that cold air is continuously input into the cold shed at night within 20 days before the strawberry seedling is fixedly planted, so as to create a low-temperature environment with the average temperature of between 8 and 15 ℃, provide very favorable growth conditions for promoting flower bud differentiation before the strawberry is fixedly planted, accumulate more nutrients for strawberry fruits, eliminate the stubble breaking period for strawberry fruit supply, and obtain the planting effect that the yield increment of the strawberry is not less than 50 percent compared with the strawberry seedling culture in a refrigeration house. Furthermore, the strawberry seedling method has better field operation operability, can be operated and implemented directly in a cold shed in the field, and is simple in structure and easy to implement; in addition, the probability of plant diseases and insect pests of the strawberry seedlings cultivated by the method can be further reduced, and the damage to the strawberry seedlings caused by rain and hail can be reduced.
Furthermore, set up the refrigeration fan in cold canopy, can beat the cold air of sufficient in the canopy at the night that the strawberry was grown seedlings, promote the strawberry seedling early realize the flower bud differentiation, and then reach the cultivation effect that is superior to the strawberry freezer and grows seedlings. The improved cold shed seedling raising mode can achieve the use effect superior to that of the refrigeration house seedling raising, the input cost of a planting user is greatly reduced in the aspect of the shed body building cost, the carrying operation of reciprocating transferring of seedlings between the cold shed and the refrigeration house is not needed during use, and the operation burden of a cultivation worker can be reduced; in addition, the improved strawberry seedling culture method can continuously provide continuous illumination for 8-12 hours per day required by the growth of strawberry seedlings in the daytime, can further obtain a better culture effect compared with refrigeration house dark room culture, is beneficial to the growth and nutrient accumulation of the strawberry seedlings, can ensure the fruit supply of the strawberries in the season break, and perfectly fills the technical blank of the fruit break period in the strawberry culture.
Preferably, in one preferable embodiment of the present invention, the cumulative input time of the cold air is 240 to 300 hours. According to the invention, cold air with the accumulated input time of 240-300 hours into the cold shed at night can continuously maintain the temperature in the cold shed at night between 8 ℃ and 15 ℃, so that the technical effect of preventing and treating strawberry diseases can be achieved by effectively inhibiting the survival of germs in the cold shed, the flower bud differentiation of strawberry seedlings can be promoted to be realized earlier, and the flower bud differentiation time of the strawberry seedlings can be further advanced by one month after the method is adopted.
Preferably, in one preferable technical solution of this embodiment, when cold air is input into the cold shed at night: the average temperature in the cold shed is between 10 and 15 ℃ in the first half of the time of continuously inputting cold air in a single day; the average temperature in the cold shed during the second half of the continuous input of cold air on a single day is between 8 and 12 degrees celsius. The invention provides a cold shed with: "the average temperature in the cold shed is between 10 ℃ and 15 ℃ during the first half of the continuous cold air input in a single day; the average temperature in the cold shed is between 8 and 12 ℃ in the last half of the time of continuously inputting cold air in a single day; the cold air input mode not only can effectively restrain the occurrence of strawberry diseases, but also can further promote the flower bud differentiation of strawberries, can effectively balance the temperature environment requirements of the differentiation of the two technical effects, can meet the bacteriostatic effect when the temperature is 10-15 ℃, and can also make full use of the temperature environment between 8-12 ℃ to promote the quick flower bud differentiation of strawberry seedlings.
Preferably, in one preferable technical solution of this embodiment, the cold shed is subjected to continuous natural illumination for not less than 8 to 12 hours during the daytime; the day time is a continuous period of continuous sunshine from 0 hour to 24 hours per day. According to the invention, natural illumination for not less than 8-12 hours is further provided for the cold shed, so that a powerful technical guarantee can be provided for the maturation and yield increase of the transplanted strawberry seedlings, and the healthy growth and nutrient accumulation of the strawberry seedlings are facilitated; the obtained strawberry seedlings are healthier and have stronger disease resistance.
Preferably, in one preferable technical solution of this embodiment, in the step 2, a cooling fan is disposed in the cold shed, so as to input cold air into the cold shed.
Preferably, in one preferable technical solution of this embodiment, in the step 2, cold air generated by a refrigeration device provided outside the cold shed is input to the cold shed, and the cold air is input into the cold shed.
Preferably, in one preferable technical solution of this embodiment, in the step 2, the injection amount of the cold air is precisely controlled by providing a temperature sensor in the cold shed.
Preferably, in one preferable technical solution of this embodiment, in step 2, an insulating layer is laid on an upper surface of a shelf film of the cold shelf during a period in which the cold shelf is supplied with cold air. According to the invention, the heat-insulating layer is paved on the upper surface of the film of the cold shed during the cold air input period of the cold shed, so that the use effect of saving electric energy can be obtained.
The method is used in the Dandong area of China, and the obtained strawberry seedlings have the following difference in cultivation effect compared with the refrigeration house seedling cultivation and the land seedling cultivation: (cultivation conditions: selecting the same area, the same planting time and counting the fruit production condition after seedling planting for comparison.)
Example 2:
this embodiment provides a strawberry seedling raising method based on embodiment 1, and the method includes: cultivating strawberry seedlings in a cold shed which is not provided with a cold air input device; the temperature of the cold shed is between 15 and 20 ℃ in the daytime and between 8 and 15 ℃ at night within 20 days before the strawberry seedlings are fixedly planted; the daytime is a continuous time period with continuous sunshine from 0 hour to 24 hours per day; the nighttime is a continuous period of no continuous sun exposure for 24 hours.
The method provided by the invention can realize the flower bud differentiation of the strawberries one month in advance in a cold shed environment when the environmental temperature is between 15 and 20 ℃ in the daytime and between 8 and 15 ℃ at night, improve the disease resistance of strawberry seedlings, improve the taste and taste of strawberry fruits and improve the annual yield of the strawberries.
Example 3:
this embodiment further provides a strawberry seedling raising method based on embodiment 1, where the method includes: cultivating strawberry seedlings in an outdoor environment; the outdoor environment is within 20 days before the strawberry seedling is fixedly planted: the temperature in the daytime is between 15 and 20 ℃, and the temperature at night is between 8 and 15 ℃; the day time is a continuous time period with continuous sunshine within 24 hours; the nighttime is a continuous period of time without continuous sun exposure from 0 hours to 24 hours per day.
The method provided by the invention can be used for planting and cultivating the strawberries in the regional environment which meets the conditions that the temperature is between 15 and 20 ℃ in the daytime and the temperature is between 8 and 15 ℃ at night, filling the blank period of strawberry fruit supply and planting the strawberries with excellent quality.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A strawberry seedling raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: cultivating strawberry seedlings in a cold shed;
step 2: inputting cold air into the cold shed within 20 days before the strawberry seedlings are fixedly planted and when the cold shed is positioned at night; the cumulative input time of the cold air is not less than 240 hours in the 20 days; the average temperature of the cold air input into the cold shed is between 8 and 15 ℃; the night is a continuous time period without continuous sunshine within 0-24 hours per day;
and step 3: and transplanting the strawberry seedlings reaching the field planting period out of the cold shed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cumulative input period of the cold air is 240 to 300 hours.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the cold shed, when inputting cold air at night: the average temperature in the cold shed is between 10 and 15 ℃ in the first half of the time of continuously inputting cold air in a single day; the average temperature in the cold shed during the second half of the continuous input of cold air on a single day is between 8 and 12 degrees celsius.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cold shed is subjected to continuous natural light for no less than 8 to 12 hours during daytime hours; the day time is a continuous period of continuous sunshine from 0 hour to 24 hours per day.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, cold air is introduced into the cold shed by providing a refrigeration fan within the cold shed.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, cold air is inputted into the cold shed by inputting cold air generated by a refrigeration device provided outside the cold shed into the cold shed.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the injection amount of the cold air is precisely controlled by providing a temperature sensor in the cold shed.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2, an insulation layer is laid on the upper surface of the greenhouse film of the cold greenhouse during the time when the cold greenhouse is supplied with cold air.
9. A strawberry seedling raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps: cultivating strawberry seedlings in a cold shed which is not provided with a cold air input device; the temperature of the cold shed is between 15 and 20 ℃ in the daytime and between 8 and 15 ℃ at night within 20 days before the strawberry seedlings are fixedly planted; the daytime is a continuous time period with continuous sunshine from 0 hour to 24 hours per day; the nighttime is a continuous period of no continuous sun exposure for 24 hours.
10. A strawberry seedling raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps: cultivating strawberry seedlings in an outdoor environment; the outdoor environment is within 20 days before the strawberry seedling is fixedly planted: the temperature in the daytime is between 15 and 20 ℃, and the temperature at night is between 8 and 15 ℃; the day time is a continuous time period with continuous sunshine within 24 hours; the nighttime is a continuous period of time without continuous sun exposure from 0 hours to 24 hours per day.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114946481A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Strawberry night-cooling seedling raising facility and seedling raising method |
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| CN104663390A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-03 | 东港市椅圈镇农业技术推广站 | Quick cultivation method for strawberry seedlings through low temperature storage |
| CN104081979A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-10-08 | 青岛曹村草莓专业合作社 | Technology for cultivating super-early-maturing pollution-free strawberries |
| CN106856926A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-20 | 新疆生产建设兵团第六师农业科学研究所 | A kind of cultural method of sunlight greenhouse strawberry |
| CN109220301A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-18 | 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of strawberry cold treatment seedling |
| CN109392622A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-01 | 中方县大丰源生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of strawberry night cold method for culturing seedlings |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114946481A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Strawberry night-cooling seedling raising facility and seedling raising method |
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