CN107371527B - Ecological prevention and control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases - Google Patents
Ecological prevention and control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological prevention and control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases, which comprises the steps of soil disinfection treatment, biological bacterial manure treatment and biological bacterial treatment after field planting. The control method can efficiently and continuously control the soil-borne diseases of the continuous cropping strawberries, reduce the morbidity of strawberry blight and anthracnose, promote the growth and development of the strawberries, promote the strawberries to appear on the market early and improve the quality of the strawberries, and is suitable for producing green or organic food strawberries, thereby increasing the economic benefit of strawberry planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plant disease control method, in particular to an ecological control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases.
Background
In recent years, strawberries have become the mainstay industry in many areas, so that continuous cropping of strawberries has gradually become the planting structure in the major production area of strawberries. Strawberry continuous cropping diseases caused by a plurality of pathogens such as fusarium oxysporum (f.oxysporum), Phytophthora dahliae (v.dahliae), Pythium spp and the like have serious threats to strawberry production, particularly, soil-borne diseases such as strawberry blight, anthracnose, root rot and the like are main diseases in strawberry production, bacteria-bearing soil and seedlings are important sources of disease infection, and when environmental conditions are proper, germs are transmitted by means of disease-bearing mother plants, soil, water sources and agricultural implements and invade from wounds or directly from epidermis and root hairs of young roots. At present, the strawberry is mainly prevented, and once the strawberry is attacked, the strawberry is difficult to prevent and treat.
For years, the prevention and control of strawberry continuous cropping diseases mainly depends on fumigating continuous cropping soil with methyl bromide, bitter chloride and the like before planting, but the methyl bromide seriously damages the ecological environment of the soil and the atmospheric ozone layer, and is completely prohibited from being used in 2015 according to the Montreal convention. In addition, although the root treatment of such chemical agents as hymexazol, carbendazim and the like can achieve certain control effect, the generation of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and the pollution to the environment make the control means difficult to meet the requirements of the sustainable development of strawberry production. At present, the prevention and control of strawberry diseases by utilizing paddy-upland rotation, soil microorganism antagonism, VAM fungi (Vesicular-arbuscorrhizae) and the like are widely researched at home and abroad, but the biological prevention and control effect is often not stable due to difficult colonization in beneficial microorganism soil, improper use technology and the like. The solar high-temperature disinfection treatment is to kill pathogenic bacteria in soil by using high-temperature shed-closing treatment in the midsummer of the idle period of strawberries, but the effect difference is often large due to the complex soil environment, the large climate difference among treatment methods and different parts of the year and the like.
The prior art 201610365402.0 discloses a strawberry fertilizer and pesticide composition, which utilizes organic fertilizer and pesticide to treat the strawberry, but the method uses chemical pesticide to prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests, and can not meet the requirements of green cultivation of strawberries and reduction of pesticide dosage.
With the improvement of the requirements of people on the safety and the quality of agricultural products, the enhancement of environmental awareness, the reduction of chemical pesticides and the development of green ecological agriculture become necessary trends of agricultural development.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides an ecological prevention and control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases, which solves the problem that strawberry continuous cropping diseases, particularly soil-borne diseases, are strong in saprophytic property and difficult to kill in soil by combining soil disinfection and biological treatment.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an ecological prevention and control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases, which comprises the steps of soil disinfection treatment, biological bacterial manure treatment and biological bacterial treatment after field planting.
The soil disinfection treatment is insolation for 20-40 days, specifically, in the leisure period of a strawberry greenhouse in summer, 1000 kilograms of organic compost and 3000 kilograms of organic compost are applied to each mu, the organic compost is turned and mixed into the soil, the greenhouse film is sealed, the ground surface is covered with a layer of old agricultural film, the soil is covered by double layers, the soil humidity is kept, and the high temperature treatment is carried out for 20-40 days in summer.
The organic compost is added to keep the organic content of the continuous cropping land so that the strawberries grow well.
Preferably, the disinfection treatment is carried out in the sun for 30 days, and 2000kg of organic compost is applied to each mu.
Before the biological bacterial manure is treated for field planting, 80-160 kilograms of biological bacterial manure is additionally applied to each mu when land preparation and ridge making are carried out after the first half month of field planting, and the biological bacterial manure is evenly applied in a scattering way and keeps a certain humidity.
The biological bacterial fertilizer is 5 hundred million cfu/g bacillus subtilis granules as an effective component, and the content of organic matters is more than or equal to 60 percent. Before field planting, when the biological bacterial manure is applied, 40-60kg of ternary compound fertilizer can be applied to each mu at the same time, the growth vigor of the strawberries is increased, and the optimal dosage of the ternary compound fertilizer per mu is 50 kg.
Before field planting, the reason for using the bacillus subtilis is that the bacillus subtilis can compete with pathogenic bacteria for nutrition of plants by colonizing to a plant root system, a plant body surface or a plant body, secretes antibacterial substances to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic bacteria, and induces a plant defense system to resist the invasion of the pathogenic bacteria, so that the prevention and treatment purpose is achieved.
The biological bacteria after planting are treated by uniformly spreading 40-60kg of a mixture of the biological bacteria and rice bran per mu around the roots of the strawberries; the mass ratio of the biological agent to the rice bran is 1: 8-25.
The biological agent is a mixture of 5 hundred million cfu/g bacillus polymyxa water agent and 1000 hundred million cfu/g bacillus subtilis wettable powder with the mass ratio of 30-3: 1.
The biological agent is a mixture of 5 hundred million cfu/g bacillus polymyxa water agent and 1000 hundred million cfu/g bacillus subtilis wettable powder with the mass ratio of 15-9: 1.
The bacillus polymyxa can well prevent and control soil-borne diseases such as blight, root rot and the like, has obvious effects of promoting growth and development, increasing yield and improving quality, and has no any phytotoxicity or residue, but the bacillus polymyxa is used alone to prevent and control the diseases of strawberry continuous cropping land has the following problems: soil-borne diseases cannot be comprehensively prevented and controlled; the strawberry disease cannot be prevented and treated for a long time. The invention adopts the combination of the bacillus polymyxa and the bacillus subtilis to play the synergistic effect among different strains, and jointly controls the diseases generated during the strawberry cultivation period, thereby overcoming the defect of disease control by the bacillus polymyxa, but the combination of the bacillus polymyxa and the bacillus subtilis still can not solve the problems of continuous disease generation on the strawberry continuous cropping land and disease generation in different periods.
The specific control method comprises the steps of mixing rice bran with biological agents of bacillus polymyxa and bacillus subtilis and mixing rice bran 1 day after field planting for each mu, uniformly scattering the mixture around the roots of strawberries on the ridge surface, watering, moisturizing and covering a greenhouse with a sunshade net, aiming at promoting the survival of the strawberry seedlings, facilitating the reproduction of beneficial microbial bacteria around the roots, generating a good antagonistic effect on blight, anthracnose and the like, and removing the sunshade net about 15 days after the strawberry seedlings survive. The strawberry continuous cropping disease control belongs to an efficient ecological treatment method, replaces chemical agent treatment, is green, ecological and environment-friendly, solves the problem of strawberry continuous cropping diseases, and promotes the growth and development of strawberries.
Unless otherwise specified,% described in the present invention is mass%.
Has the advantages that: the invention utilizes the biological agent to replace the traditional chemical pesticide to carry out disease control on the strawberry continuous cropping field, has high-efficiency ecology, long control duration and no pesticide residue, solves the problem that the single solar high-temperature disinfection treatment cannot completely control the disease, can promote the growth and development of the strawberries, improves the quality of the strawberries, and is suitable for producing green or organic food strawberries, thereby increasing the economic benefit of strawberry planting.
Detailed Description
A source of material
1. The bacillus subtilis is a viable organism produced by Wuhan Keno biological science and technology GmbH;
2. the biological agent of bacillus polymyxa is a place produced by Wuhan Keno biotechnologies GmbH;
3. the biological agent Bacillus subtilis is a fruit sugar produced by Wuhan Keno Biotechnology GmbH;
4. organic compost
The pig manure is piled with rice hulls or sawdust in a mass ratio of 1: 2.
5. The rice bran is obtained from the processing and peeling product of the rice before the production of the rice after the processing and peeling of the rice, and is purchased in the market.
6. The ternary compound fertilizer refers to potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer with total content of 45%, wherein N, P2O5、K2The O content is 15 percent, which is the Zhongdong brand produced by Jiangsu Zhongdong chemical fertilizer company Limited.
Secondly, disease control method
In the leisure period of the strawberry greenhouse in summer, carrying out solar high-temperature disinfection treatment, specifically applying 1000-3000 kg of organic compost per mu according to soil conditions, turning and stirring the organic compost into soil, sealing the greenhouse film, covering the ground surface with a layer of old agricultural film, covering the ground surface with double layers, keeping the soil humidity, and airing for 20-40 days. And (3) when soil preparation and ridge making are carried out half a month before field planting, 80-160kg of biological bacterial fertilizer and 40-60kg of ternary compound fertilizer are additionally applied to each mu of land, and the fertilizer is uniformly spread and the certain humidity is kept. 1 day after planting, mixing the bacillus polymyxa, the bacillus subtilis and rice bran, uniformly spreading around the roots of the strawberries on the ridge surface, watering, moisturizing, covering a greenhouse with a sun-shading net, and removing the sun-shading net about 15 days after the strawberry seedlings survive.
Third, example
Respectively selecting 5 greenhouse plots, wherein the numbers of the greenhouse plots are greenhouse plot 1, greenhouse plot 2, greenhouse plot 3, greenhouse plot 4 and greenhouse plot 5, continuously cropping the large greenhouse plots to plant strawberries for five years, dividing the strawberry greenhouse with serious soil-borne disease incidence of the strawberries in the last year into two greenhouse plots, respectively treating the strawberry greenhouse plots and the strawberry greenhouse plots by using the control method, and investigating results treated by different methods.
1. Greenhouse block 1
Example 1: adopting solar high-temperature disinfection treatment in summer: in the leisure period of the strawberry greenhouse in summer, 2000 kilograms of organic compost is applied to each mu, the organic compost is turned over and buried into soil, the greenhouse film is sealed, the ground surface is covered with a layer of old agricultural film, the soil is covered by double layers, the soil humidity is kept, and the strawberry greenhouse is aired and treated for 30 days by utilizing high-temperature sun in summer. Applying 120 kilograms of biological bacterial manure per mu in ridging after the first half month of field planting, uniformly spreading and maintaining a certain humidity; 1 day after field planting, mixing 4000 g of 5 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus polymyxa water aqua and 400 g of 1000 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus subtilis wettable powder for each mu, mixing 50kg of rice bran, uniformly spreading around the roots of strawberries on the ridge surface, watering, moisturizing, covering a greenhouse with a sun-shading net, removing the sun-shading net about 15 days after the survival of the strawberry seedlings, and investigating the disease and growth conditions of the strawberries after 60 days of field planting, wherein the results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Control 1: singly adopting summer solar high-temperature disinfection treatment: in the fallow period of the strawberry greenhouse in summer, 2000 kilograms of organic compost is applied to each mu, the organic compost is turned over and buried into soil, the greenhouse film is sealed, a layer of old agricultural film is covered on the ground surface, double-layer covering is carried out, the soil humidity is kept for treatment, high temperature treatment in summer is utilized for 30 days, other management modes are the same as those of embodiment 1, strawberry diseases and growth conditions are investigated after 60 days of field planting, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 Effect of the invention on strawberry soil-borne diseases and budding
As can be seen from Table 1, the treatment method of the invention can effectively prevent and treat the continuous cropping diseases of strawberries. The disease incidence of the strawberry blight is reduced to 2.47% from 9.22% of the control 1 and 6.75% from the control 1 in the period of 60 days after the planting. The incidence rate of strawberry anthracnose is reduced to 1.82% from 5.76% of the control, and is reduced by 3.94% compared with the control, and the total incidence rate is controlled to be below 4%. In addition, the invention can also promote the growth and development of the strawberries, and promote the bud formation and flowering of the strawberries in advance, and the bud formation and flowering rate of the strawberries is 45.33% 60 days after the planting, while the comparison 1 is only 15.56%, which shows that the treatment of the invention has important significance for increasing the early ripening and yield of the strawberries.
TABLE 2 Effect of the invention on strawberry growth
The treatment method can promote the strong growth of the strawberries, wherein the average plant height is 4.68cm more than that of the control 1, the number of green leaves is increased from 7.40 per plant of the control 1 to 9.10, the length and width of the maximum leaves are increased compared with that of the control 1, and the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the plants are increased compared with that of the control 1, so that the growth of the strawberries can be promoted.
2. Greenhouse block 2
Example 2: adopting solar high-temperature disinfection treatment: in the leisure period of the strawberry greenhouse in summer, 2000 kilograms of organic compost is applied to each mu, the organic compost is turned over and buried into soil, the greenhouse film is closed, the ground surface is covered with a layer of old agricultural film, the two layers of old agricultural films are covered, the soil humidity is kept for treatment, and the high temperature treatment is carried out for 30 days in summer. After the solar high-temperature disinfection treatment in summer, 80 kilograms of biological bacterial manure is additionally applied to each mu of land in ridging after the first half month of field planting, and the biological bacterial manure is uniformly spread and applied with a certain humidity; 6000 g of 5 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus polymyxa aqua and 600 g of 1000 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus subtilis wettable powder are mixed with 50kg of rice bran 1 day after planting, the mixture is uniformly spread around the roots of strawberries on the ridge surface, watering is carried out to keep moisture, a sunshade net covers a greenhouse, the sunshade net is uncovered after about 15 days after the survival of the strawberry seedlings, and the disease and the growth condition of the strawberries are investigated after 60 days of planting, and the results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
Control 2: singly adopting summer solar high-temperature disinfection treatment: in the fallow period of the strawberry greenhouse in summer, 2000 kilograms of organic compost is applied to each mu, the organic compost is turned over and buried into soil, the greenhouse film is sealed, a layer of old agricultural film is covered on the ground surface, double-layer covering is carried out, the soil humidity is kept for treatment, high temperature treatment in summer is utilized for 30 days, other management modes are the same as those of the embodiment 2, the disease and the growth condition of the strawberries are investigated after 60 days of field planting, and the results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
TABLE 3 Effect of the invention on strawberry soil-borne diseases and budding
As can be seen from Table 3, the treatment method of the invention can effectively prevent and treat the continuous cropping diseases of strawberries. After 60 days of field planting, the disease peak period of blight and anthracnose is shown, and compared with the control 2, the disease rate of strawberry blight is reduced to 3.75% from 8.65% of the control 2, and is reduced by 4.90% compared with the control 2. The incidence rate of strawberry anthracnose is reduced to 3.46 percent from 6.40 percent of the control 2, is reduced by 2.94 percent compared with the control 2, and the total incidence rate is controlled to be below 8 percent. In addition, as can be seen from the results in table 3, the control method of the invention can also promote the growth and development of the strawberries to accelerate the bud emergence and bloom, and 60 days after the greenhouse transplantation, the bud emergence and bloom rate of the strawberries treated by the invention is 26.21%, while the comparison 2 is only 10.32%.
TABLE 4 Effect of strawberry growth according to the invention
As can be seen from the results in Table 4, the invention can promote the strong growth of strawberries, wherein the average plant height is 3.48cm higher than that of the control 2, the number of green leaves is increased from the average 7.21 leaves per plant of the control 2 to 8.76 leaves, the length and width of the maximum leaves are increased compared with that of the control 2, and the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the developed plants are also increased compared with that of the control 2. As can be seen from the results of table 4, the present invention can promote strawberry growth.
3. Greenhouse block 3
Example 3: adopting solar high-temperature disinfection treatment: in the leisure period of the strawberry greenhouse in summer, 2000 kilograms of organic compost is applied to each mu, the organic compost is turned over and buried into soil, the greenhouse film is closed, the ground surface is covered with a layer of old agricultural film, the two layers of old agricultural films are covered, the soil humidity is kept for treatment, and the high temperature treatment is carried out for 30 days in summer. After the solar high-temperature disinfection treatment in summer, 160 kilograms of biological bacterial manure is additionally applied to each mu of land in ridging after the first half month of field planting, and the biological bacterial manure is uniformly spread and applied with a certain humidity; after planting, 1 day per mu, mixing 50kg of rice bran with 2000 g of 5 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus polymyxa aqua and 200 g of 1000 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus subtilis wettable powder, uniformly spraying the mixture around the roots of strawberries on the ridge surface, watering, moisturizing, covering a greenhouse with a sun-shading net, removing the sun-shading net after about 15 days after the survival of the strawberry seedlings, and investigating the disease and the growth condition of the strawberries after 60 days of planting, wherein the results are shown in tables 5 and 6.
Control 3: singly adopting summer solar high-temperature disinfection treatment: in the fallow period of the strawberry greenhouse in summer, 2000 kilograms of organic compost is applied to each mu, the organic compost is turned over and buried into soil, the greenhouse film is sealed, a layer of old agricultural film is covered on the ground surface, double-layer covering is carried out, the soil humidity is kept for treatment, high temperature treatment in summer is utilized for 30 days, other management modes are the same as those of embodiment 3, the disease and the growth condition of the strawberries are investigated after 60 days of field planting, and the results are shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5 Effect of the invention on strawberry soil-borne diseases and budding
The results in table 5 show that the method can effectively prevent and treat the continuous cropping diseases of the strawberries, the planting period is 60 days, the disease peak period of the blight and the anthracnose is reached, and compared with the control 3, the strawberry blight disease rate treated by the method disclosed by the invention is reduced to 2.87% from 7.42% of the control 3, and is reduced by 4.55% compared with the control. The incidence rate of strawberry anthracnose is reduced to 3.85% from 6.13% of the control 3, is reduced by 2.28% compared with the control 3, and the total incidence rate is controlled to be below 7%. In addition, the invention can also promote the growth and development of the strawberries, and promote the bud emergence and flowering of the strawberries in advance, and the bud emergence and flowering rate of the strawberries treated by the invention is 30.04 percent and only 12.67 percent compared with that of the strawberries treated by the invention after 60 days of greenhouse planting.
TABLE 6 Effect of the invention on strawberry growth
As can be seen from Table 6, the invention can promote the strong growth of strawberries, wherein the average plant height is 2.67cm higher than that of the control 3, the number of green leaves is increased from 7.65 pieces per plant of the control 3 to 9.05 pieces, the length and width of the maximum leaves are increased than that of the control 3, and the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the plants are increased as compared with that of the control 3, thus the invention can promote the growth of strawberries.
4. Greenhouse block 4
Example 4: adopting solar high-temperature disinfection treatment: in the leisure period of the strawberry greenhouse in summer, 2000 kilograms of organic compost is applied to each mu, the organic compost is turned over and buried into soil, the greenhouse film is closed, the ground surface is covered with a layer of old agricultural film, the two layers of old agricultural films are covered, the soil humidity is kept for treatment, and the high temperature treatment is carried out for 30 days in summer. After the solar high-temperature disinfection treatment in summer, 160 kilograms of biological bacterial manure is additionally applied to each mu of land in ridging after the first half month of field planting, and the biological bacterial manure is uniformly spread and applied with a certain humidity; 1 day after planting, 3000 g of 5 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus polymyxa aqua and 300 g of 1000 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus subtilis wettable powder are mixed with 40 kg of rice bran to be uniformly spread around the roots of strawberries on the ridge surface, watering is carried out to keep moisture, a shading net covers a greenhouse, the shading net is uncovered after about 15 days after the survival of the strawberry seedlings, and the disease and the growth condition of the strawberries are investigated after 60 days of planting, and the results are shown in tables 7 and 8.
Control 4: the same procedure as in example 4 was repeated except that 300 g of 1000 hundred million cfu/g of Bacillus subtilis wettable powder was not used.
TABLE 7 Effect of the invention on strawberry soil-borne diseases and budding
The results in table 7 show that the invention can effectively prevent and treat continuous cropping diseases of strawberries, the disease peak period of blight and anthracnose is 60 days after planting, compared with the control 4, the disease rate of strawberry blight is reduced to 2.65% from 4.86% of the control 4, and is reduced by 2.21% compared with the control. The incidence rate of strawberry anthracnose is reduced to 2.98% from 4.64% of the control 4, and is reduced by 1.66% compared with the control, and the total incidence rate is controlled to be below 6%. In addition, the invention can also promote the growth and development of the strawberries, and promote the bud emergence and flowering of the strawberries early, and the bud emergence and flowering rate of the strawberries treated by the invention is 33.25 percent and the comparison 4 is 20.14 percent after the greenhouse planting for 60 days.
TABLE 8 Effect of the invention on strawberry growth
As can be seen from Table 8, the invention can promote the strong growth of strawberries, wherein the average plant height is 1.95cm higher than that of the control, the number of green leaves is increased to 9.24 from the average 7.82 leaves per plant of the control 4, the length and width of the maximum leaves are increased than that of the control 4, and the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the plants are increased as compared with that of the control 4, thus the invention can promote the growth of strawberries.
5. Greenhouse block 5
Example 5: adopting solar high-temperature disinfection treatment: in the leisure period of the strawberry greenhouse in summer, 2000 kilograms of organic compost is applied to each mu, the organic compost is turned over and buried into soil, the greenhouse film is closed, the ground surface is covered with a layer of old agricultural film, the two layers of old agricultural films are covered, the soil humidity is kept for treatment, and the high temperature treatment is carried out for 30 days in summer. After the solar high-temperature disinfection treatment in summer, 160 kilograms of biological bacterial manure is additionally applied to each mu of land in ridging after the first half month of field planting, and the biological bacterial manure is uniformly spread and applied with a certain humidity; and mixing 50kg of rice bran with 3000 g of bacillus polymyxa and 300 g of bacillus subtilis as biological agents per mu 1 day after field planting, uniformly spreading the mixture into the root circumferences of strawberries on the ridge surfaces, watering and moisturizing, covering the greenhouse with a sunshade net, removing the sunshade net about 15 days after the survival of the strawberry seedlings, investigating strawberry diseases and growth conditions 60 days after field planting, wherein the results are shown in tables 9 and 10, and investigating the strawberry diseases again 180 days after field planting, wherein the results are shown in table 11.
Control 5: no rice bran was used, and the rest was the same as in example 5.
TABLE 9 Effect of the invention on strawberry soil-borne diseases and bud flowering (60 days after planting)
The results in table 9 show that the invention can effectively prevent and treat continuous cropping diseases of strawberries, the disease peak period of blight and anthracnose is 60 days after planting, compared with the control 5, the disease rate of strawberry blight is reduced to 2.72% from 6.65% of the control 5, and is reduced by 3.93% compared with the control 5. The incidence rate of strawberry anthracnose is reduced to 2.76% from 4.89% of the control 5, is reduced by 2.13% compared with the control 5, and the total incidence rate is controlled to be below 6%. In addition, the invention can also promote the growth and development of the strawberries, and promote the bud emergence and flowering of the strawberries, and the bud emergence and flowering rate of the strawberries treated by the invention is 34.66% and the comparison 5 is 26.55% 60 days after the greenhouse planting.
TABLE 10 Effect of the invention on strawberry growth (60 days after planting)
As can be seen from Table 10, the invention can promote the strong growth of strawberries, wherein the average plant height is increased by 3.74cm compared with the control, the number of green leaves is increased to 9.38 from the average 7.53 pieces per plant of the control 5, the length and width of the maximum leaves are increased compared with the control 5, and the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the plants are also increased compared with the control 5, which shows that the invention can promote the growth of strawberries obviously.
TABLE 11 Effect of the invention on strawberry soil-borne diseases and bud flowering (180 days after planting)
It can be seen from the results in table 11 that the disease control effect of the present invention on strawberry blight and anthracnose is still excellent 180 days after field planting, and it can be seen from control 5 that when the bacillus polymyxa aqueous solution and the bacillus subtilis wettable powder are not mixed with rice bran, long-term colonization around the strawberry root cannot be achieved, and long-term control on strawberry continuous cropping diseases cannot be achieved.
Claims (3)
1. An ecological control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
soil disinfection treatment: in the leisure period of a strawberry greenhouse in summer, applying 1000-3000 kilograms of organic compost per mu, turning and stirring the organic compost into soil, sealing a greenhouse film, covering the ground surface with a layer of old agricultural film, covering the ground surface with double layers, and exposing the ground for 20-40 days;
after the soil is disinfected, carrying out biological bacterial manure treatment and biological bacterial treatment after field planting;
the biological bacterial manure treatment comprises the steps of uniformly spreading 80-160kg of biological bacterial manure per mu before field planting and half a month before field planting when preparing land and making ridges; the biological bacterial manure is 5 hundred million cfu/g bacillus subtilis granules;
the biological bacterium treatment after the field planting is that 40-60kg of a biological bacterium agent and rice bran mixture are uniformly scattered in each mu of area around the roots of the strawberries 1 day after the field planting; the mass ratio of the biological agent to the rice bran is 1: 8-25; the biological agent is a mixture of 5 hundred million cfu/g bacillus polymyxa water agent and 1000 hundred million cfu/g bacillus subtilis wettable powder with the mass ratio of 30-3: 1; watering, moisturizing and covering the greenhouse with a sunshade net, and removing the sunshade net about 15 days after the strawberry seedlings survive.
2. The ecological control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the biological agent is a mixture of 5 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus polymyxa aqueous agent and 1000 hundred million cfu/g of bacillus subtilis wettable powder in a mass ratio of 15-9: 1.
3. The ecological control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the biological bacterial manure treatment is 40-60kg of ternary compound fertilizer applied per mu.
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| CN108901680A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-30 | 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 | A kind of strawberry continuous crop method |
| CN109089672A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2018-12-28 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A method of bactericidal agent for preventing and treating vegetables leaf diseases are sprayed to soil |
| CN110540461A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-06 | 深圳市唯新生物科技有限公司 | Composite microbial liquid fertilizer for preventing and treating strawberry anthracnose as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112262716A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-01-26 | 咸阳职业技术学院 | Strawberry continuous cropping pest control method |
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| CN101892173B (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2012-04-18 | 中国农业大学 | Bacillus subtilis with bio-control effect on continuous cropping diseases of strawberries and application thereof |
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