CN109089672A - A method of bactericidal agent for preventing and treating vegetables leaf diseases are sprayed to soil - Google Patents
A method of bactericidal agent for preventing and treating vegetables leaf diseases are sprayed to soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109089672A CN109089672A CN201811092722.9A CN201811092722A CN109089672A CN 109089672 A CN109089672 A CN 109089672A CN 201811092722 A CN201811092722 A CN 201811092722A CN 109089672 A CN109089672 A CN 109089672A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the plant protection arts of vegetable crop; more particularly to a kind of method for spraying bactericidal agent for preventing and treating vegetables leaf diseases to soil; Soil surface covering application is carried out by efficient pesticide control, route of transmission of the pathogen from soil to plant can be effectively cut off, effectively prevent vegetables leaf diseases.The method of the present invention is time saving, laborsaving, reduces pesticide input amount, improves the safety of victual.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant protection arts of vegetable crop, and in particular to a kind of to spray bactericidal agent for preventing and treating vegetables to soil
The method of leaf diseases.
Background technique
Vegetables are the essential key farm products of living standard of urban and rural population, ensure that vegetables supply is great livelihood issues.
China's Development of Vegetable Industry is rapid in recent years, ensure market supply, in terms of played important function.With
The increase of the vegetable continuous cropping time limit, all kinds of vegetable diseases are serious year by year, the complicated multiplicity of overground part Disease symptoms, infection mechanism type
Various, wherein primary source of infection occupies biggish ratio from the vegetables leaf diseases of soil.Primary source of infection derives from soil
Vegetable disease mainly include following several:
(1) pepper anthracnose pathogen Cofleotitrhcumobriculaer (Bekr&Mont), with conidiospore mycelia
Body or mitogenetic full sub-disk are attached to the surface of the seed, or hidden with mycelia it is overwintering in being retained in native table in seed or with invalid tissue,
As next year primary source of infection.Invasion cotyledon is sprouted with seed, is led to that seedling stage falls ill, generates new mitogenetic armful on scab later
Son is propagated through rainwater, air-flow and insect etc., causes superinfection, and germ mostly invades from the wound of host.
(2) graw mold of tomato germ (Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr.) mainly with sclerotium or with mycelium,
Conidium is overwintering in the soil with invalid body.When next year condition is suitable for, sclerotial germination aerial mycelium and conidium, by
Air-flow, rainwater, irrigation water and farming operations etc. are propagated.Germ just invade from wound or withered tissue etc. intrusion
Dye, sick portion can produce conidium and be infected again.Dipping in flower is its main anthropochory's approach, and therefore, the florescence is that germ is invaded
The peak period of dye.The generation of graw mold of tomato and prevalence are very close with the relationship of epidemic disaster.It belongs to low temperature, high humidity disease
(Li Baoju etc., 2003).Wherein, humidity is particularly important.Humidity is bigger, falls ill heavier.90% or more relative humidity, temperature is 4
It can fall ill between~31 DEG C.Wherein most suitable onset temperature is 18~23 DEG C.Relative humidity is 50% hereinafter, temperature is lower than 4 DEG C
Or when being higher than 31 DEG C, disease stops development.Cloudy day is rainy, temperature is low, few shine is conducive to fall ill.
(3) cucumber stick spore leaf spot (Corynespora cassiicola (Berk.&M.A.Curtis) C.T.Wei) is
The fungal disease that a kind of kind of biography and soil pass.The pathogen can be attached to kind of table or hide in planting intradermal portion, with seed
The long-distance communications of the disease are realized in market circulation, lead to the prevalence (Hasama et al, 1993) of disease large area.According to report
Road, how main stick spore bacterium can be in the form of resting myceliums in kind of a table attachment, survival more than half a year (Yao Yukun etc., 2001).In addition,
Mostly main stick spore bacterium can also in the form of mycelium, conidium or chlamydospore it is subsidiary in invalid body and weeds in the soil, it is non-
Overwintering And Survival on host plant becomes next year primary source of infection, once environmental condition is suitable for, can be infected, lead to disease
(Pemezny and Gary, 2003) occurs for continuous cropping.Time-to-live of the mostly main stick spore bacterium in invalid body was up to 2 years.
(4) Tomato gray leaf spot is caused by Deuteromycotina Stemphylium (Stemphylium) fungi, and germ can protected
Overwintering on invalid body and seed in ground soil, next year temperature and humidity is suitable for generating conidium, carries out First aggression；Spore passes through wind
Rain is propagated, then is infected.
(5) Chinese cabbage downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica (Persoon:Fries) Fries) egg spore is just
The important sources infected, there are a large amount of downy mildew in the Chinese cabbage disease leaf and horticultural vegetable field soil in each main Chinese cabbage producing region of North, Northeast China
The egg spore of bacterium.These egg spores can infect seedling and cause to fall ill, and form initial diseased plant in field and come as what is infected again
Source.
(6) downy mildew of lettuce pathogen (Bremia lactucae Regel) indoor disease of canopy in winter in the form of mycelia
It is overwintering in strain tissue, or it is attached in the form of egg spore that the surface of the seed is overwintering or more summer, become lower stubble or next year primary infection inoculum,
Infect seedling；Egg spore can also be overwintering in the soil with invalid body, and next year generates sporangium, after sporangium is mature, leans on air-flow
It carries and carries out long-distance communications；Or it splashes with rainwater, the creeping of beetle, the carry out short distance propagation such as human activity.
(7) leaf muld of tomato (Cladosporium fulvum (Cook) Ciferri) pathogen is attached to guarantor with mycelium
On invalid body in shield ground facility or soil, can also hiding in kind of Pi Zhonghuo, it is overwintering to be attached to the surface of the seed with conidium.The
Chance suitable condition can produce conidium within 2 years, and propagating by means of air-flow, which becomes main, infects source, cause primary infection.
(8) tomato late blight germ bacterium (Phytophthora infestans (Mont) deBary) is with mycelium in field
Or tomato, the potato to catch an illness is in vivo overwintering, it can also be overwintering in the soil with thin-walled spore, chlamydospore and egg spore.
(9) cucurbits powdery mildew: cucurbits powdery mildew pathogen (Oidium erysiphoides) is with mycelium or closed shell in disease
It is overwintering in residuum, become the primary source of infection of next year.When late June environmental condition is suitable for, on overwintering mycelia generate conidium and
The a large amount of spores of release, infect with propagation such as air-flow, rainwater and cause to fall ill in cleistothecium.Thereafter it is more that conidium progress is generated again
Secondary to infect again, it is overwintering with invalid body that late September generates cleistothecium.
Currently, being directed to the prevention and treatment of general class disease, based on conventional spraying prevention and treatment, main application period is that field diseases are visible
When, application position includes blade, stalk and the fruit of plant, but application control efficiency is unsatisfactory at this time.Lead to one kind
Disease needs, which are carried out continuously repeatedly spray, can be only achieved control efficiency, and vegetable cultivation person is in actual production in order to improve preventive effect,
It reduces and is lost caused by disease, often various medicaments are used in mixed way, and are increased and used concentration, and the excess of pesticide is on the one hand caused
It uses, can also bring the risk of pesticide residue sometimes, besides will increase production cost, cause huge waste.
Summary of the invention
For a series of problems of above-mentioned vegetable disease conventional control, to solve pesticide reduction application, reducing grower's labor
Power and cost input improve agricultural product security, reduce environmental pollution, the present invention provides a kind of pair of primary source of infection from soil
The efficient control method of the vegetables leaf diseases of earth.
The control method of vegetables leaf diseases provided by the present invention to primary source of infection from soil, including following steps
It is rapid:
1) efficient pesticide control is diluted；
2) the efficient pesticide control after dilution is subjected to Soil surface covering application after vegetable crop field planting.
In above method step 1), the efficient pesticide control according to the type of planting vegetable and can may cause disease
The types of pathogenic bacteria selects.
The efficient pesticide control can be the combination of chemical agent, biological pesticide or chemical agent and biological pesticide.
The chemical agent includes but is not limited to: 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent (pepper anthracnose), 25% pyridine bacterium are disliked
Azoles missible oil (graw mold of tomato), 43% fluorine bacterium trifloxystrobin suspending agent (cucumber stick spore leaf spot), 30% Boscalid suspending agent
Oil-suspending agent (vegetable downy mildew, tomato late blight), 10% fluorine silicon can be dispersed in (Tomato gray leaf spot), 10% fluorine thiazole pyrrole ethyl ketone
Azoles aqueous emulsion (leaf muld of tomato), 42.4% azoles ether flutolanil suspending agent (cucurbits powdery mildew)
The biological pesticide includes but is not limited to: 100,000,000,000 gemma/gram bacillus subtilis wettable powder (vegetables grey mold
Disease, leaf muld of tomato), 8,000,000,000 living spores/milliliter bacillus licheniformis aqua (vegetable downy mildew), 300,000,000 CFU/ Ke Haci wood
Mould wettable powder (eliminating vegetable botrytis), 200,000,000 spore/gram trichoderma wettable powders (eliminating vegetable botrytis) living.
In above method step 2), the operation of the Soil surface covering application are as follows: uniformly sprayed on field soil surface layer.
The Soil surface covering application carries out primary.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) Soil surface covering application can be cut off by the route of transmission of soil to field, effectively control the generation of disease；
(2) Soil surface covering is administered, and medicament is not directly placed on vegetable crop, can improve the safety of victual；
(3) once application can delay the generation of disease after being colonized, time saving, laborsaving.
The present invention is administered by the Soil surface covering of efficient pesticide control, can effectively cut off pathogen from soil to plant
Route of transmission effectively prevents vegetables leaf diseases, and the method for the present invention is time saving, laborsaving, reduces pesticide input amount, improves victual
Safety.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described below by way of specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified；Institute in following embodiments
Reagent, material etc., are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1, field trial
It is carried out in Vegetable & Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science proving ground, test variety is middle peasant No. 6, is purchased from middle vegetable
Scientific and technological (Beijing) Co., Ltd of kind industry, field planting on May 15th, 2018.
Experimental field plantation cucumber, annual powdery mildew occur seriously, a large amount of bacterium source to be carried in field soil for many years.It is divided into 3
A independent arched shed carries out, each arched shed 150m2, field planting cucumber quantity is 1000 plants, all using ridging not film-covering planting, is made
It is watered with trickle irrigation.3 processing, respectively method 1 (referred to as " efficient pesticide control Soil surface covering application "), method 2 are set altogether
(referred to as " foliar spray application "), field liquid manure management measure is identical.
Processing 1: efficient pesticide control is made to carry out Soil surface covering application after the field planting of field cucumber
(1) 42.4% azoles ether flutolanil suspending agent is made into 2000 times of dilutions
(2) the cucumber field planting same day sprays primary, is administered using Soil surface covering.
Processing 2: field powdery mildew early stage carries out foliar spray application using chemical agent
(1) 42.4% azoles ether flutolanil 2000 times of liquid of suspending agent are prepared
(2) powdery mildew early stage in field is administered, and interval is 7 days, continuous application 3 times.
Processing 3: blank control, it is without any processing after field planting.
25 days after field planting, there are white powder disease symptoms in traditional spray application canopy and blank control canopy, at this time efficient pesticide control
There is not symptom in Soil surface covering application canopy (processing 1), and traditional spray application prevention and treatment canopy starts to carry out spraying treatment, continuous use
It after 3 times, is investigated within 5th July, handles 1 at this time and also begin with slight disease symptom, blank control canopy disease index reaches
56.25, the preventive effect for handling 1 is 90.68%, and the preventive effect for handling 2 is 83.36%, therefore, 42.4% azoles ether flutolanil suspending agent
Soil surface covering insecticide-applying way has cut off the approach that Powdery Mildew is upwardly propagated by soil, can effectively prevent the hair of cucurbits powdery mildew
It is raw.
1 42.4% azoles ether flutolanil suspending agent Soil surface covering of table application prevention and treatment powdery mildew of cucumber effect
Embodiment 2, field trial
It is carried out in the village Ningxiang County Yu Jiaao of Hunan Province pepper planting base, experiment kind is bright red, by Ningxiang County moon gulf
Vegetables Specialty Co-operative Organization provides, field planting on April 16th, 2018.
Capsicum is experimental field planted for years, and anthracnose harm is serious, and the anthracnose fruit of morbidity is fallen directly in ground, soil
A large amount of pathogen is had accumulated in earth, is divided into 3 independent fields and is carried out, every piece of field 200m2, it is colonized 1500 plants of capsicum.Using
The plantation of single ridge duplicate rows, the high 25cm in ridge, ridge face width 60cm set 3 processing altogether, respectively (abbreviation " the efficient pesticide control of method 1
Gauge seal closes application "), method 2 (referred to as " foliar spray application "), field liquid manure management measure is identical.
Processing 1: Soil surface covering application is carried out using composition after the field planting of field capsicum
(1) 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent is made into 2000 times of dilutions
(2) the capsicum field planting same day sprays primary
Processing 2: field anthracnose early stage carries out foliar spray application using chemical agent
(1) 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent, 2000 times of liquid are prepared
(2) pepper anthracnose early stage in field is administered, and interval is 7 days, continuous application 3 times.
Processing 3: blank control, it is without any processing after field planting.
Pepper anthracnose is easy to happen after bearing fruit, and processing on experimental plot June 16 2 and blank control have begun morbidity,
Processing 2 starts spray pesticide at this time, carries out spraying treatment using 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent, 2000 times of liquid, handles 1 at this time
It does not fall ill, July 20, processing 1 starts slight morbidity, handles 2 medication 3 times, is investigated, handle 1 control efficiency
It is 85.36%, the control efficiency for handling 2 is 72.72%, and therefore, 25% pyraclostrobin Soil surface covering insecticide-applying way is cut off
The approach that anthrax bacteria is upwardly propagated by soil can effectively prevent the generation of pepper anthracnose.
2 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent Soil surface covering of table application prevention and treatment pepper anthracnose effect
Embodiment 3, field trial
It is carried out in Shandong Shouguang Weifang University of Science & Technology's Vegetable Base, for the examination neat Dary of tomato variety, is purchased from Syngenta Co., Ltd,
It is colonized on September 10th, 2017.
It is experimental field heliogreenhouse, 80 meters of length, planting vegetable, annual gray mold occur seriously, to use canopy for years
Film has carried out separation processing, and whole greenhouse is separated into 3 parts, every area 300m2, it is colonized 1350 plants of tomato tomato.All
Using ridging not film-covering planting, watered using trickle irrigation.3 processing, respectively (referred to as " the efficient pesticide control of method 1 are set altogether
Soil surface covering application "), method 2 (referred to as " foliar spray application "), field liquid manure management measure is identical.
Processing 1: Soil surface covering application is carried out using composition after tomato field field planting
(1) 25% oxazole missible oil is made into 1000 times of dilutions
(2) the tomato field planting same day sprays primary
Processing 2: tomato field gray mold initial stage carries out foliar spray application using chemical agent
(1) 25% oxazole missible oil, 1000 times of liquid are prepared
(2) tomato field gray mold early stage is administered, and interval is 7 days, continuous application 3 times.
Processing 3: blank control, it is without any processing after field planting.
35 days after field planting, gray mold occurs for field, and processing 2 and blank control at this time has begun morbidity, and processing 2 starts normal
The spraying prevention and treatment of rule, the medicament used are 25% oxazole missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, and processing on November 10 1 starts to fall ill, and handle 1 pair
The control efficiency of graw mold of tomato reaches 87.91%, and the control efficiency for handling 2 is 82.01%, passes through 25% oxazole missible oil
The mode of Soil surface covering application has delayed 25 days, shows the validity of Soil surface covering application.
3 composition of table closing application prevention and treatment graw mold of tomato effect
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by the limit of embodiment
System, other any changes made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention, modification, combination, substitution, simplification are
Effect substitution, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the control method of vegetables leaf diseases of a kind of pair of primary source of infection from soil, includes the following steps:
1) efficient pesticide control is diluted；
2) the efficient pesticide control after dilution is subjected to Soil surface covering application after vegetable crop field planting.
2. control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1), the efficient pesticide control is chemistry
The combination of medicament, biological pesticide or chemical agent and biological pesticide.
3. control method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: in step 2), the behaviour of the Soil surface covering application
As: uniformly sprayed on field soil surface layer.
4. control method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: in step 2), the Soil surface covering
Application carries out primary.
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| CN201811092722.9A CN109089672A (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2018-09-19 | A method of bactericidal agent for preventing and treating vegetables leaf diseases are sprayed to soil |
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Citations (6)
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| CN1887085A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2007-01-03 | 秦皇岛领先科技发展有限公司 | Pesticide for preventing and killing soil nematode and other pests and its prepn |
| CN103283538A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-11 | 尉晨 | Protected-field overwintering tomato disease control method |
| CN104542135A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 天津师范大学 | Method for prevention and control of vegetable root-knot nematodiasis with mixed Sr18 biological nematocide |
| CN105432639A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-30 | 河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所 | Sterilization composition for preventing and curing vegetable disease and application |
| CN106699398A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-24 | 桂林桂开生物科技股份有限公司 | Trace-element water-soluble fertilizer having insecticidal and bactericidal effects and preparation method thereof |
| CN107371527A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of Ecological preventive way of strawberry continuous cropping disease |
-
2018
- 2018-09-19 CN CN201811092722.9A patent/CN109089672A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1887085A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2007-01-03 | 秦皇岛领先科技发展有限公司 | Pesticide for preventing and killing soil nematode and other pests and its prepn |
| CN103283538A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-11 | 尉晨 | Protected-field overwintering tomato disease control method |
| CN104542135A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 天津师范大学 | Method for prevention and control of vegetable root-knot nematodiasis with mixed Sr18 biological nematocide |
| CN105432639A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-30 | 河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所 | Sterilization composition for preventing and curing vegetable disease and application |
| CN106699398A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-24 | 桂林桂开生物科技股份有限公司 | Trace-element water-soluble fertilizer having insecticidal and bactericidal effects and preparation method thereof |
| CN107371527A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of Ecological preventive way of strawberry continuous cropping disease |
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Application publication date: 20181228 |