CN107312650A - 清洁剂组合物和薄衬底的制备 - Google Patents
清洁剂组合物和薄衬底的制备 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107312650A CN107312650A CN201710279647.6A CN201710279647A CN107312650A CN 107312650 A CN107312650 A CN 107312650A CN 201710279647 A CN201710279647 A CN 201710279647A CN 107312650 A CN107312650 A CN 107312650A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/32—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D7/3209—Amines or imines with one to four nitrogen atoms; Quaternized amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/24—Hydrocarbons
- C11D7/242—Hydrocarbons branched
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/261—Alcohols; Phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/32—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/50—Solvents
- C11D7/5004—Organic solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/50—Solvents
- C11D7/5004—Organic solvents
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Abstract
本发明为清洁剂组合物和薄衬底的制备。基本上由(A)92.0wt%至小于99.9wt%的有机溶剂、(B)0.1wt%至小于8.0wt%的C3‑C6醇和(C)0.001‑3.0wt%的季铵盐组成的清洁剂组合物有效地用于除去硅半导体衬底上的任何有机硅粘合剂残留物。在短时间内并且以高的效率实现了令人满意的程度的清洁,而不导致对衬底的腐蚀。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本非临时申请在美国法典第35卷第119节(a)款下要求2016年4月26日于日本提交的第2016-088032号专利申请的优先权,所述专利申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于除去在半导体衬底上的有机硅粘合剂残留物的清洁剂组合物和用于制备薄衬底的方法。
背景技术
最近的微电子技术继续推进各种衬底的集成度和小型化。在半导体封装的情况下,例如使用三维封装以实现更高的密度和容量。在3D半导体封装技术中,将单独的半导体芯片做得薄并且以多层结构堆叠,同时将它们通过TSV(硅通孔)连接。为了完成3D封装,通过背面研磨使在其中形成有半导体电路的衬底减薄的步骤和形成包括在其背面上的TSV的电极的步骤是必要的。作为减薄步骤,提出将在其中形成有半导体电路的衬底经由粘合剂接合至硅、玻璃等的操作衬底,产生衬底组件,所述衬底组件耐受随后的加工步骤如背面研磨和背面电极形成。在所述加工步骤之后,必须以简单的方式分离所述操作衬底。在分离所述操作衬底之后,必须除去残留在衬底的带有半导体电路的表面上的粘合剂。最后,必须清洁衬底的带有半导体电路的表面。此外,因为可能在加工步骤中遇见高于150℃的高温,所以要求粘合剂是完全耐热的。因此,由于耐热性而经常使用有机硅系粘合剂。
然而在清洁衬底表面时,仅将有机溶剂用于溶解粘合剂难于完全除去残留的粘合剂。因为衬底表面那时具有至少100°的与水的接触角,所以预计在随后的步骤中将会出现失效,如封装剂的有缺陷的接合。希望获得能够在短时间内完全除去残留的粘合剂而不导致对衬底表面的腐蚀的清洁剂。目前,短时间内并未提出能够完全清洁被有机硅污染的衬底表面的清洁剂。
专利文献1公开了用于清洁半导体衬底的清洁剂组合物。专利文献2公开了包括有机溶剂和季铵盐的清洁剂组合物,其使得用于制备薄半导体衬底的方法复杂并且取决于粘合剂的具体类型,没有解决粘合剂残留物残留在衬底上的问题。
引用列表
专利文献1:JP-A 2013-010888
专利文献2:JP-A H07-003294
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供清洁剂组合物,所述清洁剂组合物用于清洁衬底(典型地,硅半导体衬底)并且能够在短时间内完全除去衬底上的污染物如有机硅粘合剂残留物,即有效清洁衬底而不导致对衬底的腐蚀。另一目的在于提供用于制备薄衬底的方法。
发明人已发现基本上由(A)92.0重量%至小于99.9重量%的有机溶剂、(B)0.1重量%至小于8.0重量%的3至6个碳原子的醇和(C)0.001重量%至3.0重量%的季铵盐组成的清洁剂组合物在施加至衬底(典型地,半导体衬底)时,在短时间内有效除去衬底上的任何有机硅粘合剂残留物。即使当衬底被有机硅系粘合剂污染时,所述清洁剂组合物也保证完全除去这样的污染物。所述清洁剂组合物能够有效地清洁半导体衬底而不导致对其的腐蚀。
清洁剂组合物基本上由组分(A)至(C)以特定比例组成并且基本上不含水。使用所述清洁剂组合物可以有效地清洁衬底而没有腐蚀。特别是当硅半导体衬底被有机硅系粘合剂污染从而可能具有至少100°的与水的接触角时,所述清洁剂组合物是有效的。也就是说,甚至当在减薄步骤之后硅半导体衬底被有机硅残留物污染并且具有至少100°的与水的接触角时,所述清洁剂组合物也能够在短时间内完全清洁衬底表面。将污染物从衬底表面除去至使所述衬底具有小于100°的与水的接触角这样的程度。
在一个方面,本发明提供了用于除去残留在衬底上的任何有机硅粘合剂的清洁剂组合物,其基本上由以下组成:
(A)92.0重量%至小于99.9重量%的不包括3至6个碳原子的醇的有机溶剂,
(B)0.1重量%至小于8.0重量%的3至6个碳原子的醇,和
(C)0.001重量%至3.0重量%的季铵盐,组分(A)至(C)的总量为100重量%。
在优选的实施方案中,组分(C)为四丁基氢氧化铵。
在优选的实施方案中,有机溶剂(A)为5至20个碳原子的脂族烃,更优选5至20个碳原子的二亚烷基二醇二烷基醚。
所述衬底通常为半导体衬底。
在另一方面,本发明提供了用于制备薄衬底的方法,包括以下步骤(a)在衬底或操作衬底上由粘合剂组合物形成粘合剂层和经由粘合剂层接合所述衬底和操作衬底,(b)加工接合至所述操作衬底的所述衬底,(c)将所加工的衬底与所述操作衬底分离,粘合剂层在分离之后残留在所述衬底上,和(d)用如上文定义的清洁剂组合物清除所述衬底上的粘合剂层。
典型地,所述粘合剂组合物包括有机硅化合物,其优选为具有至少两个硅键合的羟基的直链或支链的有机聚硅氧烷与包括R3SiO1/2单元和SiO2单元并且包含羟基的有机聚硅氧烷树脂的(部分)脱水缩合物,其中R为一价烃基。
发明的有益效果
当施加至在其上沉积有污染物如有机硅粘合剂残留物的衬底(典型地,硅半导体衬底)时,清洁剂组合物有效用于在短时间内从衬底表面除去所述污染物。清洁剂组合物能够有效地清洁衬底而不导致对其的腐蚀。
具体实施方案
本发明的一个实施方案是清洁剂组合物,其基本上由以下组成:(A)92.0重量%至小于99.9重量%的不包括3至6个碳原子的醇的有机溶剂,(B)0.1重量%至小于8.0重量%的3至6个碳原子的醇,和(C)0.001重量%至3.0重量%的季铵盐,组分(A)至(C)的总量为100重量%。将所述清洁剂组合物用于除去衬底(典型地,硅半导体衬底)上的任何有机硅粘合剂残留物。
组分(A)为不包括3至6个碳原子的醇的有机溶剂。合适的有机溶剂包括5至20个碳原子,优选7至15个碳原子且更优选8至12个碳原子的脂族烃,例如辛烷、壬烷、癸烷、十一烷、十二烷、十四烷、十六烷、异辛烷、异壬烷、异癸烷、异十二烷、烷基环己烷和对薄荷烷,其可以单独或以混合形式使用。
有机溶剂(A)中还包括5至20个碳原子,优选6至15个碳原子且更优选6至10个碳原子的二亚烷基二醇二烷基醚。示例性醚包括二乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二乙醚、二乙二醇二丁醚和二丙二醇二甲醚,其可以单独或以混合形式使用。
组分(A)的浓度为组合物的92.0重量%至小于99.9重量%,所述上限为在减去组分(B)和(C)之后的余量。组分(A)的浓度优选92.5重量%至小于99.6重量%,更优选93.8重量%至小于99.6重量%。如果组分(A)的浓度小于全部组合物的92.0重量%,则没有完全溶解掉痕量的粘合剂残留物,表明清洁能力不足。当单独使用有机溶剂时,清洁效果不足。
根据本发明,仅使用有机溶剂作为溶剂。清洁剂组合物基本上不含水。这使得以最小风险的金属污染清洁衬底成为可能,因为水可能是金属污染的来源。
组分(B)为3至6个碳原子的醇,即分子中具有至少一个羟基的3至6个碳原子的化合物。合适的醇包括3至6个碳原子,优选3至5个碳原子饱和脂族醇。饱和脂族一元醇的示例为正丙醇、异丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、1-戊醇、2-戊醇、3-戊醇、2-甲基-1-丁醇、异戊醇、仲丁醇、叔戊醇、3-甲基-2-丁醇、新戊醇、1-己醇、2-甲基-1-戊醇、4-甲基-2-戊醇和2-乙基-1-丁醇,其可以单独或以混合形式使用。
组分(B)的浓度为组合物的0.1重量%至小于8.0重量%,优选0.4重量%至小于7.5重量%,更优选0.4重量%至小于6.2重量%。如果组分(B)的浓度小于全部组合物的0.1重量%,则过量的碱成分可能沉降,导致沉淀物。如果组分(B)的浓度等于或大于8.0重量%,则清洁效果可能弱或可能发生液体分离。
组分(C)为季铵盐。典型的季铵盐为四丁基氢氧化铵。组分(C)以0.001重量%至3.0重量%,优选0.5重量%至2.8重量%的量存在。如果组分(C)的浓度小于0.001重量%,则可能没有溶解掉痕量的粘合剂残留物,表明清洁能力不足。如果组分(C)的浓度大于3.0重量%,则清洁效果饱和并且可能发生衬底的腐蚀。
通过混合组分(A)至(C)和任选的组分获得清洁剂组合物。混合组分的顺序是任意的,只要不产生干扰本发明的目的的问题,如沉淀和液体分离。具体而言,预先混合组分的两种或三种(或更多种),然后将任意其余组分与预混物混合。替代性地,一次混合所有组分。
使用所述清洁剂组合物清洁衬底(典型地,硅半导体衬底),即除去衬底上的任何有机硅粘合剂残留物。然后可以在短时间内清洁衬底。有效地完全清洁所述衬底是可能的。
将所述清洁剂组合物用于除去各种衬底(典型地,硅半导体衬底)的表面上的污染物和清洁衬底表面。待清洁的衬底并不限于硅半导体衬底,并且实例包括锗衬底、砷化镓衬底、磷化镓衬底、砷化镓铝衬底、铝化的硅衬底、镀铜的硅衬底、镀银的硅衬底、镀金的硅衬底、镀钛的硅衬底、带有氮化硅膜的硅衬底、带有氧化硅膜的硅衬底、带有聚酰亚胺膜的硅衬底、玻璃衬底、石英衬底、液晶衬底和有机EL衬底。
将清洁剂组合物有利地用于制备薄衬底的方法,所述薄衬底用于目前令人感兴趣的TSV或半导体封装技术。本发明的另一实施方案是用于制备薄衬底的方法,包括以下步骤:(a)在衬底或操作衬底上由粘合剂组合物形成粘合剂层和经由粘合剂层接合所述衬底和操作衬底,(b)加工接合至所述操作衬底的所述衬底,(c)将所加工的衬底与所述操作衬底分离,在分离之后一些粘合剂层残留在所述衬底上,和(d)用清洁剂组合物清除所述衬底上的粘合剂层,其中清洁步骤(d)使用如上文定义的清洁剂组合物。
在步骤(a)中,将粘合剂组合物用于将衬底接合至操作衬底,同时其可以选自有机硅、丙烯酸系树脂、环氧树脂、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯、聚酰亚胺和酚醛树脂系粘合剂。尤其是,本发明的清洁剂组合物有效清除有机硅系粘合剂残留物。
有机硅系粘合剂组合物优选为包括具有至少两个硅键合的羟基的直链或支链的有机聚硅氧烷与包括R3SiO1/2单元(其中R为一价烃基)和SiO2单元并且包含羟基的有机聚硅氧烷树脂的(部分)脱水缩合物的有机硅系粘合剂组合物。
直链或支链的有机聚硅氧烷优选具有通式(1)。
其中,R1和R2各自独立地为取代或未取代的C1-C10一价烃基,和n为整数,特别是1,000至100,000的整数。
一价烃基R1和R2的实例包括烷基如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、环戊基和正己基,环烷基如环己基,和芳基如苯基和甲苯基,和其中一个或多个或甚至全部氢原子被卤素取代的前述基团的取代形式。尤其是,甲基和苯基是优选的。下标n为1,000至100,000,优选3,000至500,000且更优选5,000至10,000的整数。
有机硅氧烷树脂为包括R3SiO1/2单元(M单元)和SiO4/2单元(Q单元)的共聚物,其中R3SiO1/2单元比SiO4/2单元的摩尔比优选为0.6至1.7,更优选0.8至1.5。所述共聚物还可以以总共聚物的至多20mol%,优选至多10mol%的量包含RSiO3/2单元(T单元)和R2SiO2/2单元(D单元)。
R各自独立地为一价烃基,优选取代的或未取代的C1-C10一价烃基或羟基。一价烃基R的实例包括烷基如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、环戊基和正己基,环烷基如环己基,和芳基如苯基和甲苯基,和其中一个或多个或甚至全部氢原子被卤素取代的前述基团的取代形式。羟基是R的另一实例。尤其是,甲基是优选的。
有机聚硅氧烷树脂应当优选在分子中以0.12至0.02mol%/100g,更优选0.10至0.04mol%/100g的比例包含硅键合的羟基(即硅烷醇基团)。有机聚硅氧烷树脂还应当优选具有如相对于聚苯乙烯标样通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)测量的500至20,000,更优选1,000至10,000的重均分子量(Mw)。
通过以99:1至50:50,更优选98:2至85:15,且甚至更优选97:3至90:10的重量比合并直链或支链的有机聚硅氧烷和有机聚硅氧烷树脂并以标准方式进行(部分)脱水缩合反应而获得(部分)脱水缩合物。因此获得的(部分)脱水缩合物优选具有200,000至2,000,000,更优选350,000至1,500,000的Mw。
通过合并100重量份的脱水缩合物与约400至1,000,000重量份的有机溶剂如壬烷、异十二烷或对薄荷烷以溶液形式使用有机硅系粘合剂。施加所产生的溶液并干燥,以形成期望的涂层。有机硅系粘合剂可以还包含各种添加剂如抗氧化剂、颜料、染料和填料。
步骤(a)中的粘合剂层的厚度没有特别限制并且出于特定目的合适地选择,尽管优选的是1至500μm,特别是10至200μm的厚度。在操作衬底和粘合剂层之间,如果需要则可以插入另一层如固化的层。优选设计任选的插入层,从而在分离操作衬底时可以一起将其分离。
用于步骤(a)中的操作衬底的实例包括硅衬底、玻璃衬底和石英衬底。所述衬底典型地为具有带有电路的正面和待加工的背面的半导体衬底。通过任意公知的涂覆技术如旋涂将粘合剂组合物施加至所述衬底或所述操作衬底,从而形成具有期望的厚度的粘合剂层。然后使所述衬底和所述操作衬底经由粘合剂层接合在一起。
步骤(b)是加工接合至所述操作衬底的所述衬底。具体而言,典型地通过研磨、抛光或其它机械加工而加工接合至所述操作衬底的所述衬底(典型地,半导体衬底)的背面,由此使所述衬底减薄。在步骤(b)中,包括在晶片级上使用的各种方法。示例性方法包括电极形成、金属互连形成和保护膜形成。更具体地,列举现有技术公知的半导体加工,包括用于形成电极等的金属溅射、溅射的金属层的湿法蚀刻、经由抗蚀剂膜涂层的图案形成、曝光和显影以形成用于金属互连形成的掩模、抗蚀剂膜剥离、干法蚀刻、金属化、用于TSV形成的硅蚀刻和在硅表面上的氧化膜形成。
将衬底加工成的薄衬底的厚度典型地在5至300μm,更典型地在10至100μm范围内,尽管所述厚度没有特别限制。
步骤(c)是从所述操作衬底分离(所加工的)所述薄衬底。具体而言,通过合适的分离技术如机械剥离或溶剂剥离从所述操作衬底分离所述薄衬底。因为如步骤(a)中所描述,所述衬底和所述操作衬底经由粘合剂层接合,所以期望的是将粘合剂层与操作衬底一体地分离。然而在分离步骤(c)中,粘合剂层并非总是保持完全接合至所述操作衬底,而是一些粘合剂残留在薄衬底上。即,粘合剂层的一部分可以在分离之后残留在所述衬底上。
这之后是清洁薄衬底的表面,即用本发明的清洁剂组合物清除在薄衬底上的粘合剂残留物的步骤(d)。以该方式完全除去在薄衬底上的粘合剂。
步骤(d)是用清洁剂组合物清除在分离之后残留在所述衬底上的粘合剂层,即用于除去在薄衬底上的任何残留粘合剂的清洁步骤。具体而言,将在其上残留有一些粘合剂的薄衬底浸没在所选择的组分的清洁剂组合物中,和通过合适的手段如超声清洁处理,由此清除粘合剂。例如,超声清洁条件可以取决于薄衬底的表面状态进行选择并且典型地包括20kHz至5MHz维持10秒至30分钟。通过在这样的条件下的超声清洁,从所述薄衬底完全除去粘合剂。
优选地,在步骤(d)之前将薄衬底(具有粘合剂残留物)浸没在溶剂中。用于预先浸没的溶剂没有特别限制,只要粘合剂溶于其中。示例性溶剂包括壬烷、戊烷、己烷、环己烷、癸烷、异十二烷和柠檬烯。在浸没步骤中,可以将溶剂在合适的温度加热。具体而言,将衬底在溶剂中在10至80℃,优选15至65℃的温度浸没30秒至30分钟,由此除去额外的粘合剂残留物。
虽然用于制备薄衬底的方法包括如上文所述的步骤(a)至(d),但是可以添加任意公知的步骤。可以改变步骤(a)至(d)中所描述的任意构造上的和方法学的要素,只要它们不脱离本发明的范围。
实施例
通过阐释的方式而非限制的方式在下文给出本发明的实施例。所有份数为重量份。Mw为重均分子量。
有机硅化合物壬烷溶液粘合剂1号
在四颈烧瓶中,将90份具有在25℃在30wt%的甲苯溶液中测量的粘度98,000mPa·s的分子链两端用羟基封端的胶状二甲基聚硅氧烷(式(1),其中n=9,000)和10份在100g固体中包含1.0mol%羟基的由0.75mol的(CH3)3SiO1/2单元和1mol的SiO4/2单元组成并具有5,000的Mw的甲基聚硅氧烷树脂溶于900份甲苯。向溶液中添加1份28wt%氨水。为了缩合反应,将溶液在室温搅拌24小时。将反应溶液在180℃在减压下加热以除去甲苯、缩合水、氨等,获得固体形式的部分脱水缩合物。将100份所述部分脱水缩合物溶于900份甲苯。向溶液中添加20份六甲基二硅氮烷。将溶液在130℃搅拌3小时以封闭任何残留羟基。将反应溶液在180℃在减压下加热,以除去溶剂等,获得固体形式的非反应性部分脱水缩合物。将100份所述非反应性部分脱水缩合物溶于900份己烷,将其加入2,000份丙酮。收集树脂沉淀物,在真空中从所述沉淀物除去己烷等。获得具有900,000的Mw并包含0.05wt%的具有至多740的分子量的低分子量级分的二甲基硅氧烷聚合物。最后获得由10份所述二甲基硅氧烷聚合物和90份壬烷组成的混合物,命名为“有机硅化合物壬烷溶液粘合剂1号”。
有机硅化合物壬烷溶液粘合剂2号
在四颈烧瓶中,将95份具有在25℃在30wt%的甲苯溶液中测量的粘度98,000mPa·s的分子链两端用羟基封端的胶状二甲基聚硅氧烷(式(1),其中n=9,000)和5份在100g固体中包含1.0mol%羟基的由0.75mol的(CH3)3SiO1/2单元和1mol的SiO4/2单元组成并具有5,000的Mw的甲基聚硅氧烷树脂溶于900份甲苯。向溶液中添加1份28wt%氨水。为了缩合反应,将溶液在室温搅拌24小时。将反应溶液在180℃在减压下加热以除去甲苯、缩合水、氨等,获得固体形式的部分脱水缩合物。将100份所述部分脱水缩合物溶于900份甲苯。向溶液中添加20份六甲基二硅氮烷。将溶液在130℃搅拌3小时以封闭任何残留羟基。将反应溶液在180℃在减压下加热,以除去溶剂等,获得固体形式的非反应性部分脱水缩合物。将100份所述非反应性部分脱水缩合物溶于900份己烷,将其加入2,000份丙酮。收集树脂沉淀物,在真空中从所述沉淀物除去己烷等。获得具有800,000的Mw并包含0.05wt%的具有至多740的分子量的低分子量级分的二甲基硅氧烷聚合物。最后获得由10份所述二甲基硅氧烷聚合物和90份壬烷组成的混合物,命名为“有机硅化合物壬烷溶液粘合剂2号”。
制备衬底
将上述制备的有机硅化合物壬烷溶液粘合剂旋涂至8英寸硅半导体衬底(直径200mm,厚度725μm)上,以形成10μm厚的粘合剂层。在真空接合装置中,在200℃将充当操作衬底的8英寸玻璃衬底(玻璃晶片)接合至带有粘合剂层的硅半导体衬底,获得硅半导体衬底、粘合剂层和操作衬底的层合体。使用研磨机研磨硅半导体衬底的背面直至将衬底减薄至50μm的最终厚度。随后,当水平地固定层合体中的硅半导体衬底时,将操作衬底从层合体分离。将衬底在壬烷中浸没5分钟并干燥,产生用于清洁测试的薄的硅半导体衬底。在分离步骤中,约10wt%的粘合剂层携带在操作衬底上并且因此从衬底除去。在浸没步骤中,通过壬烷浸没除去约99wt%的衬底上的残留粘合剂层。结果,约1wt%的粘合剂层残留在薄的硅半导体衬底上用于清洁测试。要注意的是,实施例1至11和对比例1至4使用有机硅化合物壬烷溶液粘合剂1号,且实施例12至15和对比例5至7使用有机硅化合物壬烷溶液粘合剂2号。
实施例1
向配备有搅拌器、冷却单元和温度计的500ml烧瓶装入2.00g的10wt%四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和98.00g的异十二烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物A。
实施例2
向类似的烧瓶装入5.00g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和95.00g的异十二烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物B。
实施例3
向类似的烧瓶装入7.00g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和93.00g的异十二烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物C。
实施例4
向类似的烧瓶装入2.50g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和97.50g的异十二烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物D。
实施例5
向类似的烧瓶装入2.50g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和97.50g的二丙二醇二甲醚,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物E。
实施例6
向类似的烧瓶装入2.50g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和97.50g的异辛烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物F。
实施例7
向类似的烧瓶装入2.50g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和97.50g的异壬烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物G。
实施例8
向类似的烧瓶装入2.50g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和97.50g对薄荷烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物H。
实施例9
向类似的烧瓶装入8.00g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和92.00g的异辛烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物I。
实施例10
向类似的烧瓶装入5.00g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和95.00g的异壬烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物J。
实施例11
向类似的烧瓶装入7.94g的17wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和92.06g的异十二烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物K。
实施例12
向类似的烧瓶装入1.47g的17wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液、1.00g的1-丁醇和97.53g的异辛烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物L。
实施例13
向类似的烧瓶装入2.94g的17wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液、1.00g的1-戊醇和96.06g的异壬烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物M。
实施例14
向类似的烧瓶装入5.88g的17wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液、1.00g的1-己醇和93.12g的对薄荷烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物N。
实施例15
向类似的烧瓶装入2.50g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液、96.36g的异十二烷和1.14g的二丙二醇二甲醚,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物O。
对比例1
向配备有搅拌器、冷却单元和温度计的500ml烧瓶装入2.00g的2-丙醇和98.00g的异十二烷,将其在室温搅拌,生成清洁剂组合物R。
对比例2
向类似的烧瓶装入5.00g的2-丙醇和95.00g的异壬烷,将其在室温搅拌,生成清洁剂组合物S。
对比例3
向类似的烧瓶装入2.50g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液、1.0g的水和96.50g的二丙二醇二甲醚,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物T。
对比例4
向类似的烧瓶装入8.00g的10wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液、2.0g的1-丁醇和90.00g的异十二烷,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物U。
对比例5
向类似的烧瓶装入11.76g的17wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵/2-丙醇溶液和88.24g的二丙二醇二甲醚,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物V。
对比例6
向类似的烧瓶装入0.63g的40wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵水溶液和99.37g的二丙二醇二甲醚,将其在室温搅拌直至均匀,生成清洁剂组合物W。
对比例7
向类似的烧瓶装入2.00g的40wt%的四丁基氢氧化铵水溶液和98.00g的异十二烷,将其在室温搅拌,生成清洁剂组合物X。
使用实施例中的清洁剂组合物A至O和对比例中的清洁剂组合物R至X的每一种,将硅半导体衬底超声清洁。超声清洁在1MHz的频率进行5分钟。根据以下标准评价每种清洁剂组合物。在实施例5、9和15以及对比例1、4和7中,测量清洁之后的硅半导体衬底与成型材料之间的接合强度。实施例的结果示于表1和2中并且对比例的结果示于表3中。
清洁剂组合物的外观
目视观察清洁剂组合物的外观。检查缺陷如沉淀物沉积和水层分离。当没有检测到缺陷时将样品评级为好(O)和当检测到缺陷时将样品评级为差(X)。
清洁之后的衬底表面的外观
使用清洁剂组合物清洁硅半导体衬底。具体而言,将硅半导体衬底在清洁剂组合物中浸没5分钟,用流动的去离子水冲洗1分钟,并且干燥。观察硅半导体衬底的干燥表面。当在衬底表面上没有检测到缺陷和衬底表面相当于在涂覆有机硅化合物壬烷溶液粘合剂之前的衬底时评级为好(O)和在衬底表面上检测到缺陷如雾霭和腐蚀时评级为差(X)。
依据清洁之后的接触角评价经清洁的衬底表面
使用清洁剂组合物清洁硅半导体衬底。具体而言,将硅半导体衬底在清洁剂组合物中浸没5分钟,用流动的去离子水冲洗1分钟,并且干燥。对硅半导体衬底的干燥表面测量与水的接触角。衬底在清洁之前具有108°的与水的接触角。在5分钟浸没清洁之后的与水的接触角示于表1至3中。
依据在衬底表面处的有机硅含量分析经清洁的衬底表面
使用清洁剂组合物清洁硅半导体衬底。具体而言,将硅半导体衬底在清洁剂组合物中浸没5分钟,用流动的去离子水冲洗1分钟,并且干燥。通过X射线光电子能谱分析硅半导体衬底的干燥表面。衬底表面在清洁之前具有22wt%的残留有机硅含量。当清洁之后的衬底的表面的有机硅含量降低至5wt%以下时,将其表面视为可接受的。表1至3示出了清洁之后的衬底表面上的残留有机硅的含量。
清洁之后的衬底与成型材料之间的接合强度
使用清洁剂组合物清洁硅半导体衬底。具体而言,将硅半导体衬底在清洁剂组合物中浸没5分钟,用流动的去离子水冲洗1分钟,并且干燥。向硅半导体衬底的干燥表面上成型成型材料(液体环氧封装剂,商品名SMC-375TGF-6,Shin-Etsu Chemical Co.,Ltd.),从而产生5mm的横截面直径并在两个阶段中固化:第一阶段(120℃,30分钟)和第二阶段(165℃,3小时)。在固化结束时,使用Dage的通用接合测试仪Serie4000PXY测量半导体衬底与成型材料之间的接合强度。半导体衬底在清洁之前显示出0.2MPa的接合强度。
如从表1至3所见,当用本发明范围内的清洁剂组合物清洁硅半导体衬底时,在短时间内并且以高的效率实现了令人满意的程度的清洁,而不导致对衬底的腐蚀。
关于清洁之后的硅半导体衬底与成型材料之间的接合强度,本发明的实施例5、9和15显示出比对比例1、4和7高得多的结合强度。
通过引用将日本专利申请第2016-088032号并入本文中。
尽管已对一些优选的实施方案进行了描述,但根据上述教导可对其进行许多变形和改变。因此可理解,在不脱离所附权利要求的范围的情况下可在具体描述以外实施本发明。
Claims (8)
1.用于除去残留在衬底上的任何有机硅粘合剂的清洁剂组合物,其基本上由以下组成
(A)92.0重量%至小于99.9重量%的不包括3至6个碳原子的醇的有机溶剂,
(B)0.1重量%至小于8.0重量%的3至6个碳原子的醇,和
(C)0.001重量%至3.0重量%的季铵盐,组分(A)至(C)的总量为100重量%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的清洁剂组合物,其中组分(C)为四丁基氢氧化铵。
3.根据权利要求1所述的清洁剂组合物,其中所述有机溶剂(A)为5至20个碳原子的脂族烃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的清洁剂组合物,其中所述有机溶剂(A)为5至20个碳原子的二亚烷基二醇二烷基醚。
5.根据权利要求1所述的清洁剂组合物,其中所述衬底为半导体衬底。
6.用于制备薄衬底的方法,包括如下步骤
(a)在衬底或操作衬底上由粘合剂组合物形成粘合剂层和经由所述粘合剂层接合所述衬底和所述操作衬底,
(b)加工接合至所述操作衬底的所述衬底,
(c)将所加工的衬底与所述操作衬底分离,在分离之后所述粘合剂层残留在所述衬底上,和
(d)用清洁剂组合物清除所述衬底上的所述粘合剂层,其中所述清洁剂组合物包括
(A)92.0重量%至小于99.9重量%的不包括3至6个碳原子的醇的有机溶剂,
(B)0.1重量%至小于8.0重量%的3至6个碳原子的醇,和
(C)0.001重量%至3.0重量%的季铵盐,组分(A)至(C)的总量为100重量%。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述粘合剂组合物包括有机硅化合物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述有机硅化合物为具有至少两个硅键合的羟基的直链或支链的有机聚硅氧烷与包括R3SiO1/2单元和SiO2单元并且包含羟基的有机聚硅氧烷树脂的(部分)脱水缩合物,其中R为一价烃基。
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