CN107285877A - Culture medium, cultural method and the bacterium rod grand style structure cultivated for open field cloud ear - Google Patents
Culture medium, cultural method and the bacterium rod grand style structure cultivated for open field cloud ear Download PDFInfo
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- CN107285877A CN107285877A CN201710576242.9A CN201710576242A CN107285877A CN 107285877 A CN107285877 A CN 107285877A CN 201710576242 A CN201710576242 A CN 201710576242A CN 107285877 A CN107285877 A CN 107285877A
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 40
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
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- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of culture medium and cultural method cultivated for open field cloud ear, the raw material of culture medium includes：Mango twig powder 35%~45%, tea twig powder 25%~35%, weed tree sawdust 22.3%~24.3%, wheat bran 5.5%~7.5%, land plaster 0.05%~0.15%, hydrated lime in powder 0.05%~0.15%；Cultural method includes：(1) making of bacterium rod：Culture medium raw material is mixed, then added water, is stirred, is fitted into after being sterilized in bag, aseptic inoculation is carried out；(2) bacterium rod acanthopore：Acanthopore is carried out using spot-punching machine；(3) bacterium rod grand style：By the end of September to mid-October, harvested Winter paddy field is selected, cleaning smooth location, ground hydrated lime in powder spray disinfectant is first carried out, then carry out the grand style of bacterium rod.Rich in cellulose, Tea Polyphenols, polysaccharide, multivitamin, mineral matter, protein etc. in tea branch of the present invention, mango branch is rich in carbohydrate, vitamin and trace element etc.；Culture medium of the present invention provides necessary material for the growth of cloud ear so that nutriment proportioning is more balanced, and product has the mouthfeel of delicate fragrance, and yield is higher, and quality is more preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of edible fungus culture, more particularly to a kind of culture cultivated for open field cloud ear
Base, cultural method and bacterium rod grand style structure.
Background technology
Cloud ear is that black fungus (Auricularia auricula) is also referred to as brightness program, is the traditional foreign exchange earning commodity of China
One of.Its flavour is delicious, tender crisp and refreshing mouth, unique flavor, with higher nutritive value and obvious health-care effect, deep by common people
Like.The production development of cloud ear cuts flower, the inoculation of section wood, 4 stages of substituting stuff cultivation after wild, log.The business of early stage
Product from collection wild cloud ear, developed into later log cut colored method by nature inoculation produced；70 years 20th century
Generation, relevant scientific research department separates, purified, cultivating cloud ear pure culture, and is applied to section wood inoculation production cloud ear, due to purebred
Using cultivation technique is also accordingly improved, and cloud ear yield and quality is all significantly increased, and per unit area yield is by averagely per canopy (about 250
Kilogram Duan Mu) 0.5 kilogram or so of production cloud ear, bring up to 1.5 kilograms；Since the 80's of 20th century, with the enhancing of environmental consciousness,
Protection forest tree resource, forbid the implementation of the policies such as indiscriminate felling of trees, cloud ear wood resource is reduced rapidly, in the market cloud ear demand but day
Benefit increase, carries out substituting stuff cultivation cloud ear imperative using strain excellent.
Current cloud ear production model is to fill cotton seed hull, wood chip, crops stalk crushing thing, wheat bran, quick lime, gypsum etc.
Enter in polybag, after sterilizing, being inoculated with, urge ear, bacterium bag hanging in canopy room or is erect that to be placed in ground ridge-up bed enterprising
Row ear management, but its method choice in the cultivation of cloud ear, the raw material of cultivation are most important, and raw material is used and matched somebody with somebody in cultivation
Than the yield that relation, the discharge of open country bacterium rod, water spray facility etc. all significantly affect cloud ear, current cotton seed hull, wood chip, farming
Culture medium prepared by the raw materials such as thing stalk crushed material, wheat bran, quick lime, gypsum, which exists, to be yielded poorly, and poor quality, pollution rate height etc. are asked
Topic, therefore, the method for production cloud ear, which is needed badly, to be improved.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of culture medium, cultural method and bacterium rod grand style cultivated for open field cloud ear
Structure so that bacterium rod infection rate is low, produce agaric time lengthening, relatively other planting types, cloud ear yield increase, quality is improved.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of culture medium cultivated for open field cloud ear, raw material by weight percentage, includes following component：Mango twig powder
35%~45%, tea twig powder 25%~35%, weed tree sawdust 22.3%~24.3%, wheat bran 5.5%~7.5%, land plaster
0.05%~0.15%, hydrated lime in powder 0.05%~0.15%.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention due to use mango twig powder, tea twig powder, weed tree sawdust, wheat bran, land plaster and
Hydrated lime in powder compounds the culture medium for being prepared into culture cloud ear with special ratios, can effectively reduce bacterium rod infection rate, extend and
Ear time, relatively other planting types increase cloud ear yield and improve quality.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improvement.
It is preferred that, the raw material of the bacterium rod culture medium by weight percentage, is also comprised the following components：Mango twig powder
40%, tea twig powder 30%, weed tree sawdust 23%, wheat bran 6.5%, land plaster 0.1%, hydrated lime in powder 0.1%.By lot of experiments table
Bright, the present invention can significantly improve conversion ratio with above-mentioned cultivation culture.
It is preferred that, the mango twig powder, the tea twig powder and the weed tree sawdust cross 10~20 mesh sieves, culture medium raw material
The size of grain affects the effect of sterilizing, and particle is bigger, sterilizes more difficult, particle is smaller, and it is easier to sterilize, but particle is too
Small, influence is ventilative.
The present invention also provides a kind of open field cloud ear cultural method, comprises the following steps：
(1) making of bacterium rod：Culture medium raw material is mixed, stirred, is then added water, the water content of culture medium is reached
57-60%, is fitted into after being sterilized in bag, carries out aseptic inoculation；
(2) bacterium rod acanthopore：Bacterium rod in bag carries out acanthopore using spot-punching machine, and acanthopore is shaped as in-line；Preferably, often
Rod can open up 160 holes.
(3) bacterium rod grand style：By the end of September to mid-October, harvested Winter paddy field is selected, cleaning smooth location, ground is first carried out
Face hydrated lime in powder spray disinfectant, then carry out the grand style of bacterium rod.
It is rich that the inventive method employs nutrition in the above-mentioned culture medium and cultural method cultivated for open field cloud ear, tea branch
Richness, including lignin, cellulose, Tea Polyphenols, polysaccharide, multivitamin, mineral matter, protein, amino acid；Mango branch is rich in sugar
Class, vitamin and trace element etc., necessary material is provided for the growth of cloud ear；Culture medium of the present invention not only causes cloud ear
Nutriment proportioning is more balanced and makes full use of mango twig powder, tea twig powder, weed tree sawdust, wheat bran, land plaster and hydrated lime in powder to match somebody with somebody
Close, display one's respective advantages, improve cloud ear yield and conversion ratio, extend the produce agaric time.Vacant field after this method rice harvesting enters
The cultivation of row open field cloud ear, annual peasant household by the end of April-September at the beginning of carry out rice breeding, rice transplanting, field management and harvesting, in 7-September
To bacterium germination culture in above-mentioned culture medium progress bag of the invention, inoculation, canopy etc..After rice harvesting terminates, vacant field and spare time are utilized
Work, field grand style is gone out in a mid-October by the end of September by bacterium rod, and the ear that enters to rack mid-April late October one harvesting and management, cloud ear are adopted
After receipts terminate, and returning to the field carries out Rice Cropping, efficiently utilizes soil.
Bacterium rod grand style structure as described above of the invention, further, the open field cloud ear cultural method, in addition to following step
Suddenly：Urge ear, ear management, the management of two damp ears, harvesting.
Bacterium rod grand style structure as described above of the invention, further, the temperature for urging ear are selected between 15~20 degree.
Temperature is too low, and sporophore growth is slow, and growth period is long；Temperature is too high, and sporophore growth is fast, yields poorly, of poor quality.
The present invention does not strive grain using Winter paddy field and not busy work with people, and ground is not striven with grain, fertilizer is not striven with ground, when not striven with agriculture.It is logical
Cross open field cloud ear cultural method, agriculture and forestry organic waste material can be efficiently solved and recycled, the seasonality in soil is laid idle, economic development with
Ground contradictory problems are striven in grain development, accomplish that circulation takes into account, and realize grain and edible mushroom bumper harvests.
The present invention using paddy rice Winter paddy field enter to rack ear cultivation, cloud ear collection after mushroom bran returning to the field, not only increase soil
Fertility, reduces the fertilizer application amount of paddy rice, and alleviates rice disease, improves the yield of paddy rice, realizes " edible
The Development of Recycle Agriculture pattern that the bacterium-organic fertilizer-crops " Trinity is served as theme, not only contributes to implement water-fertilizer integral
Water-saving irrigation, and greatly developed circular agriculture.
The inventive method produce agaric not only prevent the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, and cause Yun Erkai in line with the wet principle of dry and wet
Piece is good, and mycelial growth is healthy and strong, can also improve the yield of cloud ear.
The present invention also provides the bacterium rod grand style structure used in a kind of above-mentioned open field cloud ear cultural method, the bacterium rod grand style knot
Structure is arranged on idle plot, including two row's iron wire spud piles, sprinkling irrigation water pipe, multiple support bar fixed columns and support bar, and two
Arrange the iron wire spud pile and be fixed on arranged for interval between the plot two ends and often row's iron wire spud pile, the plot two ends
Correspond and connected by iron wire between iron wire spud pile, distance of the iron wire apart from the ground is 25-27 centimetres；It is described
Spray water pipe be provided with hole for water spraying, its along the iron wire bearing of trend arrangement and positioned at iron wire top, the sprinkling irrigation water
Pipe one end is closed, and the other end is connected with water supply installation；Multiple support bar fixed columns are concordant with the iron wire spud pile top
And along the bearing of trend arranged for interval of iron wire；The direction of the support bar and the iron wire be arranged vertically and with the support bar
Fixed column upper end is fixed for support iron wire and the sprinkling irrigation water pipe.Can be with arranged for interval bacterium rod on iron wire of the present invention.
The above-mentioned iron wire spud pile of the present invention can be timber, and the multiple support bar fixed column can be bamboo plate,
That is height that bamboo plate bassets and timber is highly consistent, specifically, bamboo plate can be width 5-6cm, long 40cm
Bamboo plate 5 is driven piles, and the support bar can be cylindrical small mao bamboon, and it is arranged vertically with iron wire direction.
Bacterium rod grand style structure as described above of the invention, further, in addition to two water band mounting rods, the water band mounting rod
It is arranged vertically with the iron wire bearing of trend and iron wire spud pile side is arranged on by iron wire spud pile or support stake, it is described
Water pipe of spraying is spray irrigation belt, and the spray irrigation belt is fixed between two water band mounting rods.The present invention uses sprinkling irrigation water
Fixed during band by water band mounting rod so that mounting structure is more consolidated.Present invention water band mounting rod described above can be to cut
Face is square fixed strip, can be fixed with timber top and the position on the inside of the timber or other can realize
The position of spray irrigation belt is installed.
Bacterium rod grand style structure as described above of the invention, further, 5 holes is uniformly arranged on every cun of sprinkling irrigation water band.Adopt
The uniform water spray to bacterium rod can be realized with this feature.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is bacterium rod grand style schematic diagram of the invention.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows：
Wherein, 1- timbers；2- iron wires；3- fixed strips；4- sprays irrigation belt；5- bamboo plates；The small mao bamboons of 6-；7- bacterium rods.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Strain uses the osmanthus cloud 3 of black fungus class in following examples.
Embodiment 1：
The invention provides a kind of culture medium and cultural method cultivated for open field cloud ear：
The raw material of culture medium, includes following component：Mango twig powder 35kg, tea twig powder 35kg, weed tree sawdust 22.3kg wheat bran
7.5kg, land plaster 0.05kg, hydrated lime in powder 0.15kg.
Wherein, can be 20%, without the mango branch, tea branch and weedtree gone mouldy from drying to water content in 8~September part,
And it is standby to be crushed to 20 mesh sieves.
Comprised the following steps using above-mentioned culture medium cultural method：
(1) making of bacterium rod：Culture medium raw material is mixed, and is stirred, is then added water, reaches the water content of culture medium
60%, it is fitted into bag, every bag of weight is 1.5kg, is sterilized 32 hours under 100 degree of high temperature of atmospheric steam, after cooling to room temperature,
First then bacterium rod is sent into inoculating hood, 30 points are smoked with aerial fog disinfectant by inoculating hood with 75% alcohol spray disinfectant 25 minutes
Unified inoculation, the bacterium rod being inoculated with is packaged with sack immediately after clock.
(2) bacterium rod acanthopore：Bacterium rod in bag carries out acanthopore using spot-punching machine, and every bag of acanthopore is 160,1 centimeter of hole depth, hole
Be shaped as in-line, more preferably, and acanthopore mouthful is difficult to air-dry the performance of a word boring ratio circular hole rainwater-proof.
(3) bacterium rod grand style：After rice harvesting terminates, vacant field is selected, first ground is sterilized with pulverized limestone, then spread one on the ground
Layer agricultural plastic film, bracing wire of driving piles, bacterium rod staggeredly put.
Refering to accompanying drawing 1, the grand style period is by the end of September, to mid-October, with 5 to 15 October most preferably, first to fill vacant field
Water or work of water sprinkling for better material moisture cooling, then select 4cm*4cm 1 point of two tandem of timber to squeeze into field, timber on the spot slightly inclination side
To power, every length can be 45 centimetres, and iron wire 2 is fixed between of laterally opposite two timber 1, and iron wire can be No. 14 iron
Silk, iron wire can be definitely scheduled on timber by 3 centimetres, and ensures the iron wire 2 into tensioned state so that iron wire 2 is high from the ground
Degree is being fixedly arranged above the section for fixed spray irrigation belt 4 between 25-27cm perpendicular to the direction of iron wire 2 and positioned at iron wire 2
For square fixed strip 3, the length of fixed strip 3 can be 160 cms, and can be fixed on timber with the iron nail of 7 centimeter lengths
On, fixed strip 3 is fixed with the top of timber 1 and close to the position of the inner side of timber 1, and the fixed erection edge between two fixed strips 3
5 holes are uniformly arranged on the spray irrigation belt 4 in the direction of iron wire 2, every cun of spray irrigation belt 4, in addition, from width 5-6cm, it is long 40cm maos
Bamboo chip 5 is driven piles, and the height basseted is highly consistent with timber 1, and a diameter of 2-4cm circle is fixedly mounted on bamboo plate 5
Place between two fixed strips 3 is divided into 4 pieces of equalization by 6,3 small mao bamboons 6 of the small mao bamboon of shape, for supporting iron wire 2 and sprinkling irrigation water
Band 4, finally staggeredly puts 10 root fungus rods 7 in every piece of place along along the direction of iron wire 2, average in 200cm*170cm plot
In can put 60 root fungus rods 7, bacterium rod can be 10 centimetres of diameter, 43 centimetres of length.Such grand style can make each produce agaric position of cloud ear
Put moisture content uniform, it is to avoid moisture content is directly sprayed onto cloud ear, dry and wet is consistent, can easily accomplish that dry dry and wet is wet again, quality better, yield is high.
(4) ear is urged：Urge the temperature of ear to select between 15~23 degree, first spray EM bacterium or bacterium king, stop water spray 2 days, 2 days
Spray water, sprayed water during during the morning 5~9 and afternoon 5~7 when morning and evening temperature is low afterwards, 10 minutes every time, then stop-spraying half an hour；Rainy day
Do not spray water, noon high temperature is not sprayed water, cloudy day few water spray can form ear base in 25~30 days.
(5) ear management：
A. ear base forms the phase：Keep agaric field humidity, air is fresh, increase day and night temperature, it is to avoid dried at bacterium bag designated port and
Anoxic.
B. fruiting body differentiation phase：From coralliform ear base to when growing small ear bud, this period is mainly to maintain agaric field humidity,
Gently to spray, micro- spray, the micro- spray of continuous interval are no more than 6 days, cut off the water solarization bag 3 days, be in line with the wet principle of dry and wet.
C. sporophore growth phase：Now thorough angiocarp seals at designated port, at this moment can just be gradually increased injection flow rate,
A small amount of daily repeatedly to keep ear edge not dry up, continuous water spray 7 days is cut off the water and shines bag 3 days, and long mycelia is just parched in line with dry,
The principle of the wet long agaric that just drenches, both can be with diseases prevention insect prevention, and not long miscellaneous bacteria, and the hacking of cloud ear is good, and mycelial growth is also very strong
It is strong.
The management of (6) two damp ears：After one damp cloud ear harvesting is finished, cloud ear rehabilitation a period of time, 3~April of next year
The management of two damp ears is carried out, the solarization bag 7 days of cutting off the water after continuously watering 8 days, repeatedly in this way, spring more than rainwater, does not water manually,
By natural precipitation.
(7) pluck：Plucked when cloud ear diameter grows to 3-5cm, using natural drying mode, when auricle is all hardened
Afterwards, pack storage.
Mushroom bran returning to the field after the collection of cloud ear, not only increases soil fertility, reduces the fertilizer application amount of paddy rice, and subtract
Light rice disease, improves the yield of paddy rice, and realize that " edible mushroom-organic fertilizer-crops " Trinity serves as theme follows
Ring Agricultural Development Model.
It is nutritious in the branch of the invention due to tea, including lignin, cellulose, Tea Polyphenols, polysaccharide, multivitamin, ore deposit
Material, protein, amino acid, and mango branch is rich in carbohydrate, vitamin and trace element etc. so that be with mango branch and tea branch
The nutritional ingredient for the cloud ear that raw material is produced is greatly improved.
Arrangement in cloud ear cultural method of the present invention with reference to bacterium rod grand style structure can sufficiently utilize field, and not
It can interfere with each other, produce agaric not only prevent the growth of miscellaneous bacteria in line with the wet principle of dry and wet, and improve the yield of cloud ear,
By every rod culture medium (containing dry raw material 700g) the dry cloud ear 50g of production, 65g is brought up to.
Embodiment 2：
The invention provides a kind of culture medium and cultural method cultivated for open field cloud ear：
The raw material of culture medium includes following component：Mango twig powder 45kg, tea twig powder 25kg, weed tree sawdust 24.3kg, wheat bran
5.5kg, land plaster 0.15kg, hydrated lime in powder 0.05kg.
Wherein, the mango branch, tea branch and weedtree dried to water content is 18%, nothing is gone mouldy, and powder are selected in 8~September part
It was broken to 10 mesh sieves standby.
Cultural method comprises the following steps：
(1) making of bacterium rod：Culture medium raw material is mixed, and is stirred, is then added water, reaches the water content of culture medium
57%, it is fitted into bag, every bag of weight is 1.5kg, is sterilized 28 hours under 100 degree of high temperature of atmospheric steam, after cooling to room temperature,
First then bacterium rod is sent into inoculating hood and sterilized 30 minutes with disinfectant by inoculating hood with 75% alcohol spray disinfectant 15 minutes
Afterwards, unified inoculation, the bacterium rod being inoculated with is packaged with sack immediately.
(2) bacterium rod acanthopore：Bacterium rod in bag carries out acanthopore using spot-punching machine, and every bag of acanthopore is 160,0.5 centimeter of hole depth,
Hole is shaped as in-line.
The performance of one word boring ratio circular hole rainwater-proof is more preferable, and acanthopore mouthful is difficult to air-dry.
(3) bacterium rod grand style：After rice harvesting terminates, vacant field is selected, first ground is sterilized with pulverized limestone, then spread one on the ground
Layer agricultural plastic film, bracing wire of driving piles, bacterium rod staggeredly put.
Refering to accompanying drawing 1, the method for bacterium rod grand style is same as Example 1.
(4) ear is urged：The temperature for urging ear is selected between 15~20 degree, is first sprayed EM bacterium or bacterium king, is stopped water spray 1
My god, spray water, sprayed water during during the morning 5 and afternoon 7 when morning and evening temperature is low after 1 day, 5 minutes every time, then stop-spraying half an hour；Rainy day
Do not spray water, noon high temperature is not sprayed water, cloudy day few water spray can form ear base in 25~30 days.
(5) ear management：
A. ear base forms the phase：This period is mainly to maintain agaric field humidity, and air is fresh, increases day and night temperature, it is impossible to allow
Dried and anoxic at bacterium bag designated port.
B. fruiting body differentiation phase：From coralliform ear base to when growing small ear bud, this period is mainly to maintain agaric field humidity,
Gently to spray, micro- spray, the micro- spray of continuous interval are no more than 6 days, cut off the water solarization bag 3 days, be in line with the wet principle of dry and wet.
C. sporophore growth phase：Now thorough angiocarp seals at designated port, at this moment can just be gradually increased injection flow rate,
A small amount of daily repeatedly to keep ear edge not dry up, continuous water spray 6 days is cut off the water and shines bag 2 days, and long mycelia is just parched in line with dry,
The principle of the wet long agaric that just drenches.
Both can be with diseases prevention insect prevention, and not long miscellaneous bacteria, and the hacking of cloud ear is good, and mycelial growth is also very healthy and strong.
The management of (6) two damp ears：It is wet that two damp cloud ears should more focus on dry dry and wet, the solarization bag 6 days of cutting off the water after continuously watering 7 days, instead
The spring in this way, more than rainwater is answered, is not watered manually, by natural precipitation.
(7) pluck：Plucked when cloud ear diameter grows to 3-5cm, using natural drying mode, when auricle is all hardened
Afterwards, pack storage.
Embodiment 3：
The invention provides a kind of culture medium and cultural method cultivated for open field cloud ear：
The raw material of culture medium includes following component：Mango twig powder 40kg, tea twig powder 30kg, weed tree sawdust 23.3kg, wheat bran
6.5kg, land plaster 0.1kg, hydrated lime in powder 0.1kg.
Wherein, the mango branch, tea branch and weedtree dried to water content is 19%, nothing is gone mouldy, and powder are selected in 8~September part
It was broken to 15 mesh sieves standby.
(1) making of bacterium rod：Raw material in step (1) is mixed, stirs, then adds water, make containing for culture medium
Water reaches 58%, is fitted into bag, and every bag of weight is 1.45kg, is sterilized 30 hours under 100 degree of high temperature of atmospheric steam, treats cold
But to after normal temperature, first then inoculating hood is sent into bacterium rod after inoculating hood, with sterilization with 75% alcohol spray disinfectant 10 minutes
Agent is sterilized 30 minutes, unified inoculation, and the bacterium rod being inoculated with is packaged with sack immediately.
(2) bacterium rod acanthopore：Bacterium rod in bag carries out acanthopore using spot-punching machine, and every bag of acanthopore is 160,0.8 centimeter of hole depth,
Hole is shaped as in-line.
The performance of one word boring ratio circular hole rainwater-proof is more preferable, and acanthopore mouthful is difficult to air-dry.
(3) bacterium rod grand style：After rice harvesting terminates, vacant field is selected, first ground is sterilized with pulverized limestone, then spread one on the ground
Layer agricultural plastic film, bracing wire of driving piles, bacterium rod staggeredly put.
Refering to accompanying drawing 1, the method for bacterium rod grand style is same as Example 1.
(4) ear is urged：The temperature for urging ear is selected between 15~23 degree, is first sprayed EM bacterium or bacterium king, is stopped water spray 2
My god, spray water, sprayed water during during the morning 9 and afternoon 5 when morning and evening temperature is low after 2 days, 8 minutes every time, then stop-spraying half an hour；Rainy day
Do not spray water, noon high temperature is not sprayed water, cloudy day few water spray can form ear base in 25~30 days.
(5) ear management：
A. ear base forms the phase：Keep agaric field humidity, air is fresh, increase day and night temperature, it is to avoid dried at bacterium bag designated port and
Anoxic.
B. fruiting body differentiation phase：From coralliform ear base to when growing small ear bud, this period is mainly to maintain agaric field humidity,
Gently to spray, micro- spray, the micro- spray of continuous interval are no more than 6 days, cut off the water solarization bag 3 days, be in line with the wet principle of dry and wet.
C. sporophore growth phase：Now thorough angiocarp seals at designated port, at this moment can just be gradually increased injection flow rate,
A small amount of daily repeatedly to keep ear edge not dry up, continuous water spray 7 days is cut off the water and shines bag 3 days, and long mycelia is just parched in line with dry,
The principle of the wet long agaric that just drenches.
Both can be with diseases prevention insect prevention, and not long miscellaneous bacteria, and the hacking of cloud ear is good, and mycelial growth is also very healthy and strong.
The management of (6) two damp ears：It is wet that two damp agarics should more focus on dry dry and wet, the solarization bag 7 days of cutting off the water after continuously watering 8 days, instead
The spring in this way, more than rainwater is answered, is not watered manually, by natural precipitation.
(7) pluck：Plucked when cloud ear diameter grows to 3-5cm, using natural drying mode, when auricle is all hardened
Afterwards, pack storage.
Comparative example 1：
The raw material of culture medium is made up of following component：Tea twig powder 70kg, weed tree sawdust 23.3kg, wheat bran 6.5kg, land plaster
0.1kg, hydrated lime in powder 0.1kg.Method using the culture medium black fungus is same as Example 1, that is, is specifically to use
The culture medium substituted for the culture medium in cultural method in embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2：
The raw material of culture medium by weight percentage, includes following component：Mango twig powder 70kg, weed tree sawdust 23.3kg, wheat
Bran 6.5kg, land plaster 0.1kg, hydrated lime in powder 0.1kg.Using the method for the culture medium black fungus with comparative example 1.
Comparative example 3：
The raw material of culture medium by weight percentage, includes following component：Weed tree sawdust 93.3kg, wheat bran 6.5kg, gypsum
Powder 0.1kg, hydrated lime in powder 0.1kg.Using the method for the culture medium black fungus with comparative example 1.
Table 1 below is each parameter comparison table of cloud ear cultivated in embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3：
Table 1：Each parameter comparison table of cloud ear that embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 is cultivated
It can be drawn by table 1：Enter the cultivation of ear of racking using the present invention so that bacterium rod infection rate is low, and the produce agaric time prolongs
Long, relatively other planting types, cloud ear yield increase, quality is improved.
Comparative example 4：
Using culture medium and cultural method difference black fungus, beautiful agaric and the elm mushroom of embodiment 3.
Table 2：Cloud ear, beautiful agaric and the elm mushroom cultivation result table of comparisons
It can be seen that according to table 2, the culture medium and cultural method of embodiment 3 are only applicable to the cultivation of cloud ear, are not suitable for jade
The cultivation of other mushrooms such as agaric and elm mushroom.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention.
A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention
The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The most wide scope caused.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of culture medium cultivated for open field cloud ear, it is characterised in that raw material by weight percentage, includes such as the following group
Point：Mango twig powder 35%~45%, tea twig powder 25%~35%, weed tree sawdust 22.3%~24.3%, wheat bran 5.5%~7.5%,
Land plaster 0.05%~0.15%, hydrated lime in powder 0.05%~0.15%.
2. a kind of culture medium cultivated for open field cloud ear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bacterium rod culture
The raw material of base, by weight percentage, is also comprised the following components：Mango twig powder 40%, tea twig powder 30%, weed tree sawdust 23%, wheat
Bran 6.5%, land plaster 0.1%, hydrated lime in powder 0.1%.
3. a kind of culture medium cultivated for open field cloud ear according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the mango
Twig powder, the tea twig powder and the weed tree sawdust cross 10~20 mesh sieves.
4. a kind of open field cloud ear cultural method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) making of bacterium rod：The raw material of culture medium described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is mixed according to percentage by weight, stirred
Mix uniform, then add water, the water content of culture medium is reached 57-60%, be fitted into after being sterilized in bag, carry out aseptic inoculation；
(2) bacterium rod acanthopore：Bacterium rod carries out acanthopore using spot-punching machine, and acanthopore is shaped as in-line；
(3) bacterium rod grand style：By the end of September to mid-October, harvested Winter paddy field is selected, cleaning smooth location is first carried out, ground is used
Hydrated lime in powder spray disinfectant, then carry out the grand style of bacterium rod.
5. a kind of open field cloud ear cultural method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of：Urge ear,
Ear management, the management of two damp ears, harvesting.
6. a kind of open field cloud ear cultural method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in the making of the bacterium rod, connect
Plant the osmanthus cloud 3 that cloud ear strain is black fungus class.
7. a kind of open field cloud ear cultural method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the temperature for urging ear is selected
Between 15~20 degree.
8. the bacterium rod grand style structure used in a kind of open field cloud ear cultural method described in a kind of any one of claim 4 to 7, should
Bacterium rod grand style structure is arranged on idle plot, it is characterised in that including two row's iron wire spud piles, sprinkling irrigation water pipe, Duo Gezhi
Strut fixed column and support bar, between iron wire spud pile described in two disks is fixed between the plot two ends and often row's iron wire spud pile
Between arrangement, the iron wire spud pile at the plot two ends correspond by iron wire connection, the iron wire apart from ground away from
From for 25-27 centimetres；The sprinkling irrigation water pipe is provided with hole for water spraying, its bearing of trend arrangement along the iron wire and positioned at iron wire
Top, described sprinkling irrigation water pipe one end closing, the other end connects with water supply installation；Multiple support bar fixed columns and the iron
Silk spud pile top is concordant and along the bearing of trend arranged for interval of iron wire；The support bar and the support bar fixed column upper end
It is fixed for support iron wire and the sprinkling irrigation water pipe.
9. bacterium rod grand style structure according to claim 8, it is characterised in that also including two water band mounting rods, the water band
Mounting rod is arranged vertically with the iron wire bearing of trend and is arranged on iron wire spud pile one by iron wire spud pile or support stake
Side, the sprinkling irrigation water pipe is spray irrigation belt, and the spray irrigation belt is fixed between two water band mounting rods.
10. bacterium rod grand style structure according to claim 9, it is characterised in that be uniformly arranged 5 on every cun of sprinkling irrigation water band
Hole, the position in each hole is just between two bacterium rods.
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| CN111066568A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2020-04-28 | 广西科学院生物研究所 | Selenium-rich black fungus cultivation medium, preparation method thereof and cultivation method of selenium-rich black fungus |
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| CN111778351B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-02-09 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Specific molecular marker primer and kit for black fungus strain and application of specific molecular marker primer and kit |
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