CN107258390B - Linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold and good-quality stable-yield cultivation method of wax apples - Google Patents
Linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold and good-quality stable-yield cultivation method of wax apples Download PDFInfo
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- CN107258390B CN107258390B CN201710463275.2A CN201710463275A CN107258390B CN 107258390 B CN107258390 B CN 107258390B CN 201710463275 A CN201710463275 A CN 201710463275A CN 107258390 B CN107258390 B CN 107258390B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/16—Dismountable or portable greenhouses ; Greenhouses with sliding roofs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to a linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold and a high-quality and stable-yield cultivation method for wax apples, wherein the greenhouse comprises two mutually parallel slide rails positioned on the outer side of a cultivation ground, and a greenhouse frame positioned above the slide rails and capable of relatively moving along the slide rails, wherein the greenhouse frame comprises side walls respectively arranged above the two slide rails and capable of relatively moving along the slide rails, and a greenhouse top connected to the tops of the two side walls; the cultivation method comprises selecting cultivation field, covering with shed frame, shading, applying corresponding fertilizer, lighting and picking. The greenhouse is convenient to disassemble and assemble, can be repeatedly used, is low in cost, can be opened when shading is not needed, increases the ventilation and light transmission of the greenhouse, improves the quality of wax apples, is stable in structure, and is convenient to use, install, fold, unfold and fold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of wax apples, in particular to a linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold and a high-quality and stable-yield cultivation method of wax apples by utilizing the greenhouse (namely a high-quality and stable-yield cultivation method of the wax apples by utilizing the linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold to adjust the production period of the wax apples).
Background
Lian Wu is also known as Eugenia jambolana and Eugenia jambolana of Myrtaceae, and is originally produced in India and Malaysia, especially best known for cultivation in Java, so it is called "Java jambolana". The height of the adult syzygium samarangense tree is 3 meters, the syzygium samarangense tree is evergreen in the year, branches are taken for many times, the syzygium samarangense tree blooms and fruits for many times, the growth amount is large, and the fruits are also large. The wax apple normally blooms in 3-5 months, fruits in 5-7 months are ripe, if the flowering phase can be adjusted through special treatment (note: the flowering phase is difficult to bud, is less harvested or is not harvested in rainy days), the fruit ripening phase can be adjusted to 12 months to next 4 months (becoming late-maturing or early-maturing fruits), and therefore the economic benefit can be increased. In south China, 1 flower blossoms in 3-4 months, mature fruits in 5-6 months, 2 flowers in late 7 months, mature fruits in 8-9 months, and also blossom and fruit in 10-12 months (note: Lian Wu, dragon fruit \ Ba le are all flowers and fruits, and the phenomenon of multiple blossoming and fruit bearing is not triple maturing in one year). However, the wax apples are fond of warm and cold, the optimal growth temperature is 25-30 ℃, and frost damage is avoided in winter; the flower buds and young fruits fall off due to cold damage at 7 ℃; even fruits near harvest are victimized and shed at 10 ℃.
However, in the prior art, the measures for regulating the flowering phase (also called term "delivery phase regulation") are mainly root cutting and shading treatment, and the wax apples (becoming late-maturing or early-maturing fruits) after the delivery phase regulation can mature from 12 months to 4 months of the next year every year, and are mostly in low-temperature seasons, so that the growth of the wax apples is not facilitated. Traditionally, the adjustment of the production period is to cut roots and shade each plant, the two measures are both completed manually, each plant is treated, because the lotus nut tree is shaded or rain-shading greatly, a large amount of labor is consumed, in addition, the consumable material is easy to damage, if the lotus nut tree can be planted in a facility with adjustable temperature control, batch synchronous lighting or shade or rain-shading is carried out, the operation efficiency can be effectively improved, the reduction of the production cost is facilitated, and the economic benefit can be increased (note: the production period of tropical fruits is changed, the production period is adjusted to winter, early spring and early summer, the late-maturing or early-maturing fruits are formed, and the sale price can be improved, so that the economic benefit of fruit growers is greatly improved).
However, the existing greenhouse has the following problems:
1. at present, the agricultural greenhouse is inconvenient to fold, unfold and disassemble, cannot be repeatedly used, has higher cost and is not beneficial to popularization and use;
2. the operation of synchronous lighting, shading or rain shielding is inconvenient, so that the operation of shading in batches or rain shielding in flowering period is difficult to be synchronously carried out, the operation effect is poor, and the yield and the quality of fruits are difficult to achieve the expected effect; 3. in the flower season of wax apple (such as 3-5 months flowering), in southern areas, the wax apple usually encounters rainy climate and high humidity, so that pollination and fertilization of insects are affected, and meanwhile, fungal diseases such as anthracnose are frequent, so that the flower ears are mildewed, rotted and dead, and have little fruit infection, and the yield is seriously reduced, even the loss is caused. The traditional management technology only applies flower and fruit retention agents, artificial pollination, pollination insect attraction and other methods to improve the fruit setting of wax apple in the flowering phase, but the methods have almost no effect when the rainy days are continuous, and in the central and south areas of Fujian province, the yield is not increased due to the fact that the flowering phase is rainy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold and a high-quality stable-yield cultivation method for wax apples by utilizing the linkage greenhouse. The greenhouse is convenient to disassemble and assemble, can be repeatedly used, is low in cost, is beneficial to popularization, and is convenient for lighting or shading. The height of the tree crown is controlled by building the foldable linkage greenhouse, and rain sheltering is carried out in the flowering phase of wax apple, so that pollination of insects is facilitated, the fruit setting rate and the yield are improved, and the occurrence of diseases is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
the first technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a conveniently receive and release folding linkage warmhouse booth which characterized in that: the greenhouse comprises two mutually parallel slide rails positioned on the outer side of a cultivation ground, and a shed frame positioned above the slide rails and capable of relatively moving along the slide rails, wherein the shed frame comprises side walls and a shed roof, the side walls are respectively arranged above the two slide rails and capable of relatively moving along the slide rails, and the shed roof is connected to the tops of the two side walls; the side walls comprise two vertical side frames which are vertically arranged above one sliding rail in parallel, at least one first cross inclined frame of which two ends are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two vertical side frames in a sliding manner, and pulleys which are arranged at the bottoms of the side frames and matched with the sliding rail;
the shed top comprises two beams which are connected between the two side walls and arranged in parallel, at least one second crossed inclined frame of which the two ends are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two beams in a sliding manner, and an arched support which is vertically arranged above the two beams; one end of the side frame is provided with a connecting male head, the other end of the side frame is provided with a connecting female head matched with the connecting male head in size, a sliding block capable of moving up and down along the side frame is sleeved outside the side frame, the first cross inclined frame is composed of two first inclined frames which are hinged in a cross mode, and the two ends of the first inclined frame are connected with the sliding block through hinges.
The big-arch shelter still including cover the plastic film who is used for sheltering from rain of rack top and locate the rack top and the black sunshade net that is used for the sunshade all around, plastic film and black sunshade net one side be equipped with respectively and can follow their opposite side roll-up extremely the roll-up device of one side, the roll-up device include with plastic film and black sunshade net the spool that one side is connected and drive spool pivoted handle. That is to say, the plastic film and the black shading net are respectively and independently arranged on the shed frame, and can be independently opposite to the shed frame, but when the greenhouse needs to be furled, the plastic film and the black shading net covering the shed frame can be also driven to be furled together only by furling the greenhouse towards the middle. Therefore, the requirements of only shading sun and rain can be met, and the requirement of only one function can be met.
The second cross inclined frame is composed of two second inclined frames which are mutually cross-hinged, sliding grooves which are convenient for sliding of two ends of the second inclined frame are arranged on the inner sides of the cross beams, and the free ends of the second inclined frames slide up and down in the corresponding sliding grooves.
And a fixed inclined frame is connected between the corners formed by the adjacent side wall side frames and the shed top cross beam.
And a plurality of fixing brackets are connected between the cross beam and the arched brackets.
And limiting devices for limiting the sliding block on the first cross inclined frame to slide out are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the side frame.
Be equipped with the ponding ditch in cultivation ground both sides, the whole ground of ponding ditch highly slope gradually along the drainage direction by a side to opposite side and reduce, be equipped with a plurality of highly the same water-retaining pieces along ponding ditch extending direction, be equipped with rainwater collection device in ponding ditch low level department, still be equipped with the conveyor (can adopt conventional watering instrument) that is used for carrying out the watering in the rainwater that rainwater collection device collected to the cultivation ground in ponding ditch low level department, be equipped with humidity detection device (for conventional technology) in each cultivation ground, thereby each humidity detection device is connected the water delivery watering work (for conventional control watering technique) according to the humidity condition control conveyor of detection with conveyor's controller.
Since syzygium samarangense favors moist soil, sufficient water supply is required throughout the year. The wax apples beside the water must grow strongly and have strong waterlogging tolerance, and can grow normally in the areas which are often soaked, blossom and bear fruits. So need more moisture to planting the wax apple, need have ponding ditch ponding, simultaneously if when the water in the ponding ditch exceeded the breakwater height, water can flow to rainwater collection device, and then rainwater collection device can collect unnecessary water, waters work to the wax apple when treating the needs.
II, a technical scheme II:
a high-quality and stable-yield cultivation method for wax apples by utilizing the linkage greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting a cultivation and planting field, preparing a cultivation ground on the field, excavating planting holes on the cultivation ground according to the row spacing of 3m x 3m, planting, and then carrying out cultivation management to ensure that the height of each plant is lower than 2.5 m; digging water accumulating ditches with gradually inclined height from one side to the other side along the drainage direction at two sides of the cultivation ground, and arranging a plurality of water retaining blocks with the same height along the extending direction of the water accumulating ditches;
secondly, covering and installing the retractable and foldable linkage greenhouse on the cultivation ground of the wax apples in 5-6 months when the wax apples are nearly adult, wherein the greenhouse comprises two mutually parallel slide rails which are positioned on the outer side of the cultivation ground and play the role of guide rails, and a greenhouse frame which is positioned above the slide rails and can move relatively along the slide rails, and the greenhouse frame comprises side walls which are respectively arranged above the two slide rails and can move relatively along the slide rails and a greenhouse top which is connected to the tops of the two side walls;
the side walls comprise two vertical side frames which are vertically arranged above one sliding rail in parallel, at least one first cross inclined frame of which two ends are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two vertical side frames in a sliding manner, and pulleys which are arranged at the bottoms of the side frames and are matched with the sliding rail and play the role of guide wheels;
the shed top comprises two beams which are connected between the two side walls and arranged in parallel, at least one second crossed inclined frame of which the two ends are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two beams in a sliding manner, and an arched support which is vertically arranged above the two beams; one end of the side frame is provided with a connecting male head, the other end of the side frame is provided with a connecting female head matched with the connecting male head in size, a sliding block capable of moving up and down along the side frame is sleeved outside the side frame, the first cross inclined frame consists of two first inclined frames which are mutually cross-hinged, and two ends of the first inclined frame are connected with the sliding block through hinges; a rain shielding plastic film is arranged above the shed frame, a sun-shading black shading net is arranged above and around the shed frame, one side of the plastic film and one side of the black shading net are provided with a winding device which can wind the plastic film and the black shading net from the other side to the one side, and the winding device comprises a scroll connected with one side of the plastic film and one side of the black shading net and a handle driving the scroll to rotate;
thirdly, putting down all the shading nets in 7-9 months for shading treatment, thereby adjusting the production period of the wax apple, removing leaves of the whole plant of the wax apple and cutting off higly branches and weak diseased branches before shading, applying a fertilizer with high carbon and nitrogen for shading, and then, in the beginning of 9 months, performing root breaking treatment, and digging 20-30 cm deep ditches at two sides of a crown to cut off partial roots; after 90 days of shading, the flowering phase is delayed backwards;
fourthly, during the period of blooming and fruiting in 9-12 months, the shading net is retracted, and a flower forcing and fruit forcing fertilizer is applied to the deep groove dug in the third step to improve the fruit setting rate, during the period of 9-12 months, the film is required to be opened to keep out rain in rainy days, and retracted in fine days to allow sunlight to be injected for dry and dry type 'no rain' cultivation, during low-temperature weather in autumn, particularly in late autumn, the film is required to be opened from evening to perform heat preservation and covering at night, and retracted in the morning in the second day to allow the sunlight to be injected again, so that the fruit quality is improved;
and fifthly, picking fruits in 1-4 months, collecting the whole greenhouse after picking, facilitating fertilization and pesticide spraying operation in the orchard, and then performing flowering and fruiting season 2 and 3 times by referring to or according to the method.
Other steps of the present solution are the same as those of the prior art, such as watering and other fertilizing operations.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the greenhouse is convenient to disassemble and assemble, can be repeatedly used, is low in cost, is beneficial to popularization and is convenient to shade;
2. the invention has stable structure and convenient use and installation;
3. when the shade is not needed, the greenhouse can be opened, so that the ventilation and light transmission of the greenhouse are increased, and the fruits of the wax apples are improved. Dry and dry type 'no rain' cultivation is carried out in the whole cultivation season, the film is opened for heat preservation and covering at night in autumn, particularly in late autumn when low temperature weather occurs, and the film is collected in the next morning to allow sunlight to enter again, so that the fruit quality is improved;
4. the invention can change the production period of wax apple, realize easy rain sheltering in the flowering period, adjust the production period to winter, early spring and early summer, and improve the selling price (the fruit has beautiful appearance, tender and sweet pulp, special flavor and higher nutritive value, is not really entitled "the king of tropical fruit" and is deeply loved by people);
5. the orchard management operation is convenient;
6. the advantages and benefits of the invention also include, inter alia: the invention relates to a high-yield cultivation method of wax apples, in particular to a cultivation method for adjusting the production period of the wax apples and ensuring high and stable yield of the wax apples by utilizing a greenhouse. The existing plastic greenhouse generally aims at heat preservation and moisture preservation, while the foldable linkage greenhouse does not aim at heat preservation and moisture preservation; the rain shelter arch top is covered with a transparent film, the purpose is only rain shelter, the folded four sides are ventilated, the purposes of preventing the ears of flowers from mildewing, rotting, dying and causing diseases of small fruits in spring and rainy season without using pesticides are realized, the pollination rate and the fruit setting rate are improved, and the dry-type rain-free cultivation is carried out in the whole cultivation seasonCultivation for realizing high quality, stable yield and high yield of wax apple (note: compared with control group, for example, selecting pink peony variety)Wax appleThe yield of the tree is improved by 20-50%, the weight of a single fruit is improved by 5-15%, the content of soluble solid is also obviously increased, the content of the soluble solid is improved by 1.0-3.0%, the sweet taste of the fruit is obviously improved, and sometimes the fruit can be even comparable to the wax apple products produced in tropical regions)Wax appleSuitable for large-scale and industrialized planting in planting areas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the framework of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic side frame structure of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a gutter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows: 1-sliding rail functioning as guide rail, 2-side wall, 21-side frame, 22-first cross inclined frame, 23-pulley functioning as guide wheel, 3-shed roof, 31-beam, 33-arch support, 34-fixed support, 4-fixed inclined frame, 5-limiting device, 6-water accumulation ditch, 7-rainwater collecting device, 8-conveying device and 9-humidity detecting device (conventional technology).
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the linkage greenhouse which is convenient to fold and unfold is characterized in that: the cultivation shed comprises two mutually parallel slide rails 1 positioned on the outer side of the cultivation ground, and a shed frame which is positioned above the slide rails 1 and can move relatively along the slide rails, wherein the shed frame comprises side walls 2 which are respectively arranged above the two slide rails and can move relatively along the slide rails, and a shed roof 3 connected to the tops of the two side walls 2;
the side wall 2 comprises two vertical side frames 21 vertically arranged above one sliding rail 1 in parallel, at least one first cross inclined frame 22 with two ends connected to the opposite inner sides of the two vertical side frames in a sliding manner, and pulleys 23 arranged at the bottoms of the side frames 21 and matched with the sliding rail 1;
the shed roof 3 comprises two beams 31 which are connected between the two side walls 2 and are arranged in parallel, at least one second cross inclined frame 32 of which two ends are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two beams 31 in a sliding manner, and an arch support 33 vertically arranged above the two beams;
one end of the side frame 21 is provided with a connecting male head 211, the other end of the side frame 21 is provided with a connecting female head 212 which is matched with the connecting male head 211 in size, a sliding block 213 which can move up and down along the side frame 21 is sleeved outside the side frame 21, the first cross inclined frame 22 consists of two first inclined frames which are mutually cross hinged, and two ends of the first inclined frame are connected with the sliding block 213 through hinges.
The big-arch shelter still including cover the plastic film who is used for sheltering from rain of rack top and locate the rack top and the black sunshade net that is used for the sunshade all around, plastic film and black sunshade net one side be equipped with respectively and can follow their opposite side roll-up extremely the roll-up device of one side, the roll-up device include with plastic film and black sunshade net one side connection's spool and drive spool pivoted handle. That is to say, the plastic film and the black shading net are respectively and independently arranged on the shed frame, and can be independently opposite to the shed frame, but when the greenhouse needs to be furled, the plastic film and the black shading net covering the shed frame can be also driven to be furled together only by furling the greenhouse towards the middle. Therefore, the requirements of only shading sun and rain can be met, and the requirement of only one function can be met.
The second cross inclined frame 32 is composed of two second inclined frames which are mutually cross-hinged, sliding grooves which are convenient for sliding of two ends of the second inclined frame are arranged on the inner side of the cross beam 31, and the free ends of the second inclined frames slide up and down in the corresponding sliding grooves.
And a fixed inclined frame 4 is connected between the corners formed by the adjacent side wall side frames 21 and the roof beam 31.
A plurality of fixed brackets 34 are connected between the cross beam 31 and the arched brackets 33.
And limiting devices 5 for limiting the sliding of the sliding blocks on the first crossed inclined frames 22 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of each side frame.
Be equipped with the ponding ditch in cultivation ground both sides, the whole ground of ponding ditch highly slope gradually along the drainage direction by a side to opposite side and reduce, be equipped with a plurality of highly the same water-retaining pieces along ponding ditch extending direction, be equipped with rainwater collection device in ponding ditch low level department, still be equipped with the conveyor who is used for carrying out the watering in rainwater collection device's the rainwater to the cultivation ground in ponding ditch low level department, be equipped with humidity detection device in each cultivation ground, thereby each humidity detection device is connected the water delivery watering work (can adopt conventional technique) according to the humidity condition control conveyor of detection with conveyor's controller.
Since syzygium samarangense favors moist soil, sufficient water supply is required throughout the year. The wax apples beside the water must grow strongly and have strong waterlogging tolerance, and can grow normally in the areas which are often soaked, blossom and bear fruits. So need more moisture to planting the wax apple, need have ponding ditch ponding, simultaneously if when the water in the ponding ditch exceeded the breakwater height, water can flow to rainwater collection device, and then rainwater collection device can collect unnecessary water, waters work to the wax apple when treating the needs.
II, a technical scheme II:
a high-yield cultivation method of wax apples specifically relates to a cultivation method for adjusting the production period of the wax apples and enabling the wax apples to be high in yield by utilizing a greenhouse, and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting a cultivation and planting field, preparing a cultivation ground on the field, excavating planting holes on the cultivation ground according to the row spacing of 3m x 3m, planting, and then carrying out cultivation management to ensure that the height of each plant is lower than 2.5 m; digging water accumulating ditches 6 with gradually inclined height from one side to the other side along the drainage direction at two sides of the cultivation ground, and arranging a plurality of water retaining blocks 61 with the same height along the extension direction of the water accumulating ditches;
secondly, covering the foldable linkage greenhouse on the wax apple cultivation ground in 5-6 months when the wax apples are nearly adult (the specific structure is as described above), arranging a rain shielding plastic film above the shed frame, arranging a sun-shielding black shading net above and around the shed frame, respectively arranging a rolling device capable of rolling the plastic film and the black shading net from one side to the other side on one side of the plastic film and the black shading net, wherein the rolling device comprises a scroll connected with one side of the plastic film and the black shading net and a handle driving the scroll to rotate;
thirdly, putting down all the shading nets in 7-9 months for shading treatment, thereby adjusting the production period of the wax apple, removing leaves of the whole plant of the wax apple and cutting off spindly branches and weak diseased branches before shading, applying a fertilizer with high carbon and nitrogen ratio (such as farmyard manure, namely biological organic fertilizer and urea mixed according to the weight ratio of 2: 1), after shading, performing root breaking treatment at the beginning of 9 months, digging 20-30 cm deep ditches at two sides of a crown to cut off partial roots; (after shading for about 90 days, the flowering phase is delayed backwards);
fourthly, during the period of blooming and fruiting in 9-12 months, the shading net is retracted, and a flower forcing and fruit forcing fertilizer (such as a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer and a dregs fertilizer formed by traditional Chinese medicine dregs compost collected from a pharmacy are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5: 3:2: 1) is applied to the deep groove dug in the third step to improve the fruit setting rate, during the period of 9-12 months, the film is opened to keep off rain in rainy days, retracted in sunny days, and irradiated by sunlight to carry out drought type 'no rain' cultivation, and during low-temperature weather in autumn, particularly in late autumn and autumn, the film is opened to carry out heat preservation and covering at night, retracted in the next morning, and irradiated by sunlight again to improve the quality of fruits;
and fifthly, picking fruits in 1-4 months, collecting the whole greenhouse after picking, facilitating fertilization and pesticide spraying operation in the orchard, and then performing flowering and fruiting season 2 and 3 times by referring to or according to the method.
Other cultivation management steps of the scheme are the same as those of the prior art, such as watering and other fertilizing work.
By using the lotus seedpod which is produced by rain sheltering cultivation in the folding and folding linkage greenhouse, the average tree height of the test tree is 2.5m, the yield per mu is more than 5500kg, the weight of a single fruit is more than 90g, the content of soluble solid matters is 14.6-17.5%, and the rate of high-quality fruits (no cracked fruits, anthracnose lesion spots less than 10% of the area of the fruit surface) is 80%;
example 1 the results show that the foldable linked greenhouse of the invention can be used for rain-sheltering cultivationWax appleTest group of method, no matter plant yield, single fruit weight, high quality fruitThe ratio and soluble solid content are both better than those of the control group (for example, selecting Pink peony variety)The wax apple is prepared by the steps of (1),the yield of the tree is improved by 20-50%, the weight of a single fruit is improved by 5-15%, the content of soluble solids is also obviously increased, the content of the soluble solids is improved by 1.0-3.0%, and the sweet taste of the fruit is obviously improved. The invention effectively controls the height of the wax apple tree crown, dwarfs the wax apple tree crown and avoids the flowering phaseWax appleThe flower ears are washed by rain water, and meanwhile, the tree crown layer is kept properly dry, so that the action of pollinating insects is facilitated, fruit setting is improved, and fungal diseases such as anthracnose and the like are reduced. Through the test and application of the technology, the tree crowns can be dwarfed, the labor cost is reduced, the fruit setting, the yield and the soluble solid content can be obviously improved, the fruit commodity is improved, compared with the traditional management technology, the traditional cultivation mode can be changed, the advantages of labor saving, high quality and high yield are achieved, the soluble solid content reaches 16.6%, and the technology is suitable for being used in southern ChinaWax appleSuitable for large-scale and industrialized planting in planting areas.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a conveniently receive and release folding linkage warmhouse booth which characterized in that: the greenhouse comprises two mutually parallel slide rails (1) which are positioned outside the cultivation ground and play the role of guide rails, and a shed frame which is positioned above the slide rails (1) and can move relatively along the slide rails, wherein the shed frame comprises side walls (2) which are respectively arranged above the two slide rails and can move relatively along the slide rails, and a shed roof (3) connected to the tops of the two side walls (2); the side wall (2) comprises two vertical side frames (21) which are vertically arranged above one sliding rail (1) in parallel, at least one first cross inclined frame (22) of which two ends are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two vertical side frames in a sliding manner, and pulleys (23) which are arranged at the bottoms of the side frames (21) and matched with the sliding rail (1) and have the function of guide wheels;
the shed roof (3) comprises two beams (31) which are connected between the two side walls (2) and arranged in parallel, at least one second crossed inclined frame (32) of which the two ends are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two beams (31) in a sliding manner, and an arched support (33) vertically arranged above the two beams;
one end of the side frame (21) is provided with a connecting male head (211), the other end of the side frame is provided with a connecting female head (212) which is matched with the connecting male head (211) in size, a sliding block (213) which can move up and down along the side frame (21) is sleeved outside the side frame (21), the first cross inclined frame (22) consists of two first inclined frames which are mutually cross-hinged, and two ends of the first inclined frame are connected with the sliding block (213) through hinges;
the big-arch shelter still including cover the plastic film who is used for sheltering from rain of rack top and locate the rack top and the black sunshade net that is used for the sunshade all around, plastic film and black sunshade net one side be equipped with can with them from the opposite side roll-up extremely the roll-up device of one side, the roll-up device include with plastic film and black sunshade net the spool that one side is connected and drive spool pivoted handle.
2. The linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second cross inclined frame (32) is composed of two second inclined frames which are mutually cross-hinged, sliding grooves which are convenient for the sliding of the two ends of the inclined frame are arranged on the opposite inner sides of the cross beam (31), and the free ends of the second inclined frames slide up and down in the corresponding sliding grooves.
3. The linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a fixed inclined frame (4) is connected between the corners formed by the adjacent side wall side frames (21) and the shed top cross beam (31).
4. The linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of fixing brackets (34) are connected between the cross beam (31) and the arched brackets (33).
5. The linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold as claimed in claim 1, wherein: limiting devices (5) used for limiting the sliding blocks on the first crossed inclined frames (22) to slide out are arranged at the upper ends and the lower ends of the side frames.
6. The linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold as claimed in claim 1, wherein: be equipped with the ponding ditch in cultivation ground both sides, the whole ground of ponding ditch highly slope gradually along the drainage direction by a side to opposite side and reduce, be equipped with a plurality of high the same water-retaining pieces along ponding ditch extending direction, be equipped with rainwater collection device in ponding ditch low level department, still be equipped with the conveyor that is used for carrying out the watering in the rainwater that rainwater collection device collected to the cultivation ground in ponding ditch low level department, be equipped with humidity detection device in each cultivation ground, thereby each humidity detection device is connected the water delivery watering work according to the humidity condition control conveyor of detection with conveyor's controller.
7. A high-quality and stable-yield cultivation method for wax apples by utilizing the linkage greenhouse of claim 1 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting a cultivation and planting field, preparing a cultivation ground on the field, excavating planting holes on the cultivation ground according to the row spacing of 3m x 3m, planting, and then carrying out cultivation management to ensure that the height of each plant is lower than 2.5 m; digging water accumulating ditches with gradually inclined height from one side to the other side along the drainage direction at two sides of the cultivation ground, and arranging a plurality of water retaining blocks with the same height along the extending direction of the water accumulating ditches;
secondly, in 5-6 months when the wax apples are nearly adult, covering and installing the linkage greenhouse on the wax apple cultivation ground, wherein the greenhouse comprises two mutually parallel slide rails (1) which are positioned on the outer side of the cultivation ground and play a role of guide rails, and a greenhouse frame which is positioned above the slide rails (1) and can move relatively along the slide rails, wherein the greenhouse frame comprises side walls (2) which are respectively arranged above the two slide rails and can move relatively along the slide rails, and a greenhouse top (3) connected to the tops of the two side walls (2);
the side wall (2) comprises two vertical side frames (21) which are vertically arranged above one sliding rail (1) in parallel, at least one first cross inclined frame (22) of which two ends are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two vertical side frames in a sliding manner, and pulleys (23) which are arranged at the bottoms of the side frames (21) and matched with the sliding rail (1) and have the function of guide wheels;
the shed roof (3) comprises two beams (31) which are connected between the two side walls (2) and arranged in parallel, at least one second crossed inclined frame (32) of which the two ends are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two beams (31) in a sliding manner, and an arched support (33) vertically arranged above the two beams;
one end of the side frame (21) is provided with a connecting male head (211), the other end of the side frame is provided with a connecting female head (212) which is matched with the connecting male head (211) in size, a sliding block (213) which can move up and down along the side frame (21) is sleeved outside the side frame (21), the first cross inclined frame (22) consists of two first inclined frames which are mutually cross-hinged, and two ends of the first inclined frame are connected with the sliding block (213) through hinges;
a rain shielding plastic film is arranged above the shed frame, a sun-shielding black shading net is arranged above and around the shed frame, one side of the plastic film and one side of the black shading net are respectively provided with a rolling device which can roll the plastic film and the black shading net from the other side to the one side, and the rolling device comprises a scroll connected with one side of the plastic film and one side of the black shading net and a handle driving the scroll to rotate;
thirdly, putting down all the shading nets in 7-9 months for shading treatment, thereby adjusting the production period of the wax apple, removing leaves of the whole plant of the wax apple and cutting off higly branches and weak diseased branches before shading, applying a fertilizer with high carbon and nitrogen for shading, and then, in the beginning of 9 months, performing root breaking treatment, and digging 20-30 cm deep ditches at two sides of a crown to cut off partial roots;
fourthly, during the period of blooming and fruiting in 9-12 months, the shading net is retracted, and a flower forcing and fruit forcing fertilizer is applied to the deep groove dug in the third step to improve the fruit setting rate, during the period of 9-12 months, the film is required to be opened for keeping off the rain in rainy days, and retracted in sunny days to allow the sunlight to be injected for dry and dry cultivation without rain, during low-temperature weather in autumn, the film is required to be opened for heat preservation and covering at night, and retracted in the morning in the second day to allow the sunlight to be injected again, so that the fruit quality is improved;
and fifthly, picking fruits in 1-4 months, collecting the whole greenhouse after picking, facilitating fertilization and pesticide spraying operation in the orchard, and then performing production in flowering and fruiting seasons for 2 and 3 times by referring to the method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710463275.2A CN107258390B (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | Linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold and good-quality stable-yield cultivation method of wax apples |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710463275.2A CN107258390B (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | Linkage greenhouse convenient to fold and unfold and good-quality stable-yield cultivation method of wax apples |
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| CN107258390A CN107258390A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
| CN107258390B true CN107258390B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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| CN108040688A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-18 | 四川康嘉农业发展有限公司 | Greenhouse for planting vegetable |
| CN109105131A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-01 | 贵阳市农业试验中心 | A kind of suitable mountainous region loquat orchard anti-freezing cultivating management method |
| CN109269251B (en) * | 2018-10-21 | 2020-12-18 | 日照市听雨轩文化传媒有限公司 | Rain shielding device for storage box |
| CN109924125A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-06-25 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of red bayberry hybridization canopy and its operating method |
| CN112753436A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-07 | 江苏大学 | Suspension type omnibearing greenhouse operation system |
| CN113455267B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-10-27 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Labor-saving cultivation method for adjusting production period of greenhouse planting wax apples |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104365408B (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-03-09 | 三亚南鹿实业有限公司 | The special booth of wax-apple |
| CN205830617U (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-28 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of hilly and mountainous land Fructus Vitis viniferae slope formula rain shelter frame |
| CN106258628A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-01-04 | 防城港市天红农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of special booth of Eugenia javanica Lam |
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