CN113317122A - Management method for increasing accumulated temperature by exposing toadstool strain to sunlight - Google Patents
Management method for increasing accumulated temperature by exposing toadstool strain to sunlight Download PDFInfo
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- CN113317122A CN113317122A CN202110786686.1A CN202110786686A CN113317122A CN 113317122 A CN113317122 A CN 113317122A CN 202110786686 A CN202110786686 A CN 202110786686A CN 113317122 A CN113317122 A CN 113317122A
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- morchella
- insolation
- accumulated temperature
- management method
- planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of morel strain planting, and discloses a morel strain planting insolation accumulated temperature increasing management method, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing land and dividing a compartment ditch; s2, seed dressing; s3, watering after sowing; s4, erecting a shed frame; s5, placing the nutrition bags; s6, exposing to the sun to increase accumulated temperature; s5, covering a sunshade net after insolation; s6, fruiting in the later period. According to the management method for increasing accumulated temperature by planting the morchella strains through insolation, after the morchella strains are sowed in the ground, other shading materials such as shading nets and the like are not covered, so that the soil sowed with the morchella strains is exposed to the sun and is sunned; the method is simple and convenient to operate, high in seeding operation efficiency, cost-saving, fast in ground temperature improvement, capable of increasing accumulated temperature and preventing toadstool planting from delaying fruiting due to long-time ground temperature, and the method is an experience summarized in the process of planting toadstool for many years and determines a set of management method through tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of morchella planting, in particular to a management method for increasing accumulated temperature by exposing and sunning morchella planting.
Background
The morchella planting season is mainly from the middle and last ten days of 11 months to the beginning of the next 4 months, the growth process is mainly caused by the situation that the temperature of soil is low in winter and the temperature of the soil is insufficient, and the ground temperature climate is met or the planting time is late in the general planting season. The growth of morchella mycelium is extremely slow under the condition of ground temperature, and under the condition of managing moisture, the soil ground temperature can be directly increased to increase accumulated temperature without covering a sunshade net through sunshine insolation, so that the morchella mycelium can fully grow, the time from sowing to fruiting of morchella is shortened, and fruiting is not delayed. Although the existing method is covered with a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation, the film is covered after a morchella sunshade is erected, sown and watered, the sunshade blocks sunlight irradiation, and the temperature increasing effect is slow.
The conventional planting mode is in line with the seasons, is convenient to manage, and can be applied to multiple cultivation modes such as flat sheds, bamboo frame arched sheds and the like. A management method of increasing accumulated temperature by insolation is adopted in the planting process, and the method is mainly applied to an arched shed and is more convenient, and the water management of soil during the management period has more times than the conventional times.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a management method for increasing accumulated temperature by planting morchella strains through insolation, a shade shed is covered after the insolation method to accelerate the ground temperature to be increased, the accumulated temperature is increased to promote the growth of hyphae, the efficient planting of the morchella is realized, and the problems in the background art are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a morchella planting insolation accumulated temperature increasing management method comprises the following steps:
s1, land preparation and compartment ditch dividing: the large land is ditched and divided into rectangular blocks, and if the land of each block is too long, the block can be ditched and cut into a plurality of blocks.
S2, seed dressing: mixing the seed with pesticide or trace fertilizer to make the surface of seed uniformly coated with a layer of pesticide or trace fertilizer.
S3, watering after sowing: after sowing, the morchella species are watered to maintain proper moisture.
S4, erecting a shed: the bamboo frame arched shed is built, and the steel frame greenhouse can also be rented.
S5, placing the nutrition bags: the nutrition bag mainly has the functions of promoting the growth of hyphae and forming sclerotium by kinking.
S6, insolating to increase accumulated temperature: the growth period of morchella can be shortened by sufficient heat.
S5, covering a sunshade net after exposure to the sun, wherein the main functions of covering the sunshade net are to prevent burning sun irradiation, impact of rainstorm, high-temperature hazard and spread of plant diseases and insect pests, and especially, the sunshade net plays a good role in preventing the migration of the plant diseases and insect pests.
S6, fruiting in the later period: watering should be stopped 1-2 days before fruiting and harvesting, so as to avoid water immersion of stipe and improve product quality.
Furthermore, after the morchella strains are sown in the ground, other shading materials such as shading nets and the like are not covered, so that the soil sown with the morchella strains is exposed to the sun and is dried, the accumulated temperature of the soil is increased, and the growth of hyphae is promoted.
Furthermore, after the morchella is sown, the nutrition bag can be placed after white fungus cream is formed on the surface of the soil, and the nutrition bag can be placed for 7-15 days generally.
Furthermore, the insolation mode is that the sun is directly exposed for 4-6 days in the natural environment, if the sunning days in the cloudy days can be increased to 7-8 days, and the water management is well done in the period.
Furthermore, the field management from sowing to harvesting of the morchella is mainly carried out around moisture, small-area planters adopt manual water spraying, and large-area planters can be provided with a micro-sprinkling irrigation system, so that the labor intensity is reduced.
Furthermore, the compartment in the shed frame is generally 80 cm wide, the ditch is 50 cm, and the ditch is made according to the terrain.
Furthermore, when the humidity of the compartment surface is not enough, water is supplemented firstly, then the nutrition bag is placed, and then the bag is removed after the bag is placed for 60-80 days.
The beneficial effects are as follows:
according to the management method for increasing accumulated temperature by planting and insolating morel strains, after the morel strains are sowed in the ground, other shading materials such as shading nets and the like are not covered, so that the soil sowed with the morel strains is exposed to the sun and is insolated. The method is simple and convenient to operate, high in seeding operation efficiency, cost-saving, fast in ground temperature improvement, capable of increasing accumulated temperature and preventing toadstool planting from delaying fruiting due to long-time ground temperature, and the method is an experience summarized in the process of planting toadstool for many years and determines a set of management method through tests.
Detailed Description
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a management method for increasing accumulated temperature by planting morchella strains in an insolation way comprises the following steps:
s1, land preparation and compartment ditch dividing: the large land is ditched and divided into rectangular blocks, and if the land of each block is too long, the block can be ditched and cut into a plurality of blocks.
S2, seed dressing: mixing the seed with pesticide or trace fertilizer to make the surface of seed uniformly coated with a layer of pesticide or trace fertilizer.
S3, watering after sowing: the morchella strains are watered after sowing, proper moisture is kept, field management from sowing to harvesting of the morchella is mainly carried out around the moisture, small-area planters adopt manual water spraying, and large-area planters can be provided with a micro-sprinkling irrigation system, so that the labor intensity is reduced.
S4, erecting a shed: a bamboo frame arched shed is built, a steel frame greenhouse can also be rented, the width of a compartment in the shed frame is generally 80 cm, the ditch is 50 cm, and the ditch is made according to the terrain.
S5, placing the nutrition bags: after the morchella is sowed, the nutrient bags can be placed after white fungus cream is formed on the surface of soil, generally for 7-15 days, the nutrient bags mainly have the effects of promoting hypha growth and forming sclerotia by kinking, water is supplemented firstly when the humidity of the compartment surface is insufficient, then the nutrient bags are placed, and then the bags are removed after the bags are placed for about 60-80 days.
S6, insolating to increase accumulated temperature: the sun exposure mode is that the sun is directly exposed to the sun for 4-6 days in the natural environment, if the sun exposure days can be increased to 7-8 days in a cloudy day, water management is well done in the period, the growth period of the morchella can be shortened through sufficient heat, after the morchella strains are sowed in the ground, other shading materials such as a shading net and the like are not covered, the soil where the morchella strains are sowed is exposed to the sun to be exposed to the sun, the accumulated temperature of the soil is increased, and the growth of hyphae is promoted.
S5, covering a sunshade net after insolation: the sun-shading net is covered to prevent the radiation of burning sun and the impact of rainstorm, and the insect pest migration prevention function is also well achieved.
S6, fruiting in the later period: watering should be stopped 1-2 days before fruiting and harvesting, so as to avoid water immersion of stipe and improve product quality.
The method is characterized in that about 15 days are needed from young mushrooms to mature mushrooms, when mushroom caps grow to 4-8 cm, ribs and pits can be harvested when the mushroom caps are obviously visible, a mature batch of morchella can be harvested in the early stage, the harvesting of morchella is also a technical problem, the proper harvesting is needed, and the morchella is processed and graded for sale in time. Harvesting in time to avoid deterioration of mushroom quality when most of the mushrooms begin to mature in the later period, wherein the harvesting method comprises the following steps: gently stroking the upper part of the fruiting body with the left hand, and holding a sharp knife with the right hand. The morchella is cut off flatly from the base part of the fungus foot, or the fungus stalk can be directly broken off by hand, if the fungus stalk is sold fresh after collection and sale, the length of the fungus stalk is determined according to the requirement of a client, if the fungus stalk is dried, the fungus stalk is kept smooth, and the morchella is ensured not to have mud after collection.
During picking, attention is paid to: 1. harvesting morchella in time when the morchella is mature, particularly when the temperature is higher in later period; 2. stopping water spraying 1-2 days before morel harvesting, if continuous rainfall occurs in the harvesting period, the moisture of the harvested mushroom body is excessive, spreading and airing before drying, and increasing ventilation; 3. diseased mushrooms, weak mushrooms and weak mushrooms should be harvested earlier than normal mushrooms.
The method has the key points that compared with the conventional planting method, the method has the following advantages:
1. simple operation, high seeding efficiency and cost saving.
2. The ground temperature is raised quickly, and the accumulated temperature is increased.
3. The growth of the morchella is not delayed due to the ground temperature for a long time.
The method is an experience summarized in the process of planting morchella esculenta for years, and a set of management method is determined through tests.
After the morchella is sown, the moisture management of the morchella is well carried out, and a shading net for shading is not added. The seeding time of morchella is generally from the middle and last ten days of 11 months to the last ten days of 12 months, a shed frame is built after the soil is arranged, then seeding and ditching are carried out, watering is carried out, a sun-shading net is not covered, the sun is directly exposed to the sun for 4-6 days in the natural environment, the exposure day number can be increased to 7-8 days if meeting the cloudy day, and water management is well carried out in the period.
In the normal planting process of morchella in the traditional mode, the growth of morchella grows completely by the temperature of the natural environment, a shading shed needs to be built for planting morchella to block direct irradiation of the sun, the ground temperature needs to be naturally gathered, other shading materials such as a shading net are not covered after morchella strains are sowed in the ground, the soil where the morchella strains are sowed is exposed to the sun for shining, the shading shed is covered after the sun exposure method to accelerate the ground temperature, the accumulated temperature is increased, the growth of hyphae is promoted, and the efficient planting of the morchella is realized.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A morchella planting, insolation and accumulated temperature increasing management method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the insolation accumulated temperature increasing management method comprises the following steps:
s1, land preparation and compartment ditch dividing: ditching and dividing large land into rectangular blocks;
s2, seed dressing: mixing the seeds with the pesticide or the trace fertilizer and the like together to make the surface of the seeds uniformly stained with a layer of the pesticide or the trace fertilizer;
s3, watering after sowing: watering the morchella strain after sowing, and keeping proper moisture;
s4, erecting a shed: building bamboo frame arched sheds and also can rent steel frame shed;
s5, placing the nutrition bags: the nutrition bag mainly has the functions of promoting the growth of hyphae and forming sclerotium by kinking;
s6, insolating to increase accumulated temperature: the growth period of the morchella can be shortened by sufficient heat;
s5, covering a sunshade net after insolation;
s6, fruiting in the later period.
2. The morchella planting, insolation and accumulated temperature increasing management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, if the land length of each car is too long, the car can be cut into several sections by ditching again.
3. The morchella planting, insolation and accumulated temperature increasing management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: after the morchella strains are sown in the ground, other shading materials such as shading nets and the like are not covered, the soil sown with the morchella strains is exposed to the sun and is dried, the accumulated temperature of the soil is increased, and the growth of hyphae is promoted.
4. The morchella planting, insolation and accumulated temperature increasing management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: after the morchella is sown, the nutrient bag can be placed after white fungus cream is formed on the surface of the soil, and the nutrient bag can be placed for 7-15 days generally.
5. The morchella planting, insolation and accumulated temperature increasing management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the insolation mode is that the sun is directly exposed for 4-6 days in the natural environment, if the sunning days in the cloudy day can be increased to 7-8 days, and the water management is well done in the period.
6. The morchella planting, insolation and accumulated temperature increasing management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the field management from sowing to harvesting of morchella is mainly performed around moisture, small-area planters adopt manual water spraying, and large-area planters can be provided with a micro-sprinkling irrigation system, so that the labor intensity is reduced.
7. The morchella planting, insolation and accumulated temperature increasing management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carriage in the shed frame is generally 80 cm wide, the ditch is 50 cm, and the ditch is made according to the terrain.
8. The morchella planting, insolation and accumulated temperature increasing management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S5, water is supplemented when the humidity of the compartment surface is insufficient, then the nutrition bag is placed, and then the bag is removed after the bag is placed for 60-80 days.
9. The morchella planting, insolation and accumulated temperature increasing management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sun-shading net is covered to prevent the radiation of burning sun and the impact of rainstorm, and the insect pest migration prevention function is also well achieved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110786686.1A CN113317122A (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Management method for increasing accumulated temperature by exposing toadstool strain to sunlight |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110786686.1A CN113317122A (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Management method for increasing accumulated temperature by exposing toadstool strain to sunlight |
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| CN113317122A true CN113317122A (en) | 2021-08-31 |
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| CN202110786686.1A Withdrawn CN113317122A (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Management method for increasing accumulated temperature by exposing toadstool strain to sunlight |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114521451A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-05-24 | 绵阳市经科菌业有限责任公司 | Method for cultivating morchella strain with high survival rate |
| CN114532146A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-05-27 | 绵阳市经科菌业有限责任公司 | Low-cost and high-efficiency morchella planting method |
-
2021
- 2021-07-12 CN CN202110786686.1A patent/CN113317122A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114521451A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-05-24 | 绵阳市经科菌业有限责任公司 | Method for cultivating morchella strain with high survival rate |
| CN114532146A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-05-27 | 绵阳市经科菌业有限责任公司 | Low-cost and high-efficiency morchella planting method |
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Application publication date: 20210831 |
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