CN107216441A - 凝胶密封防腐蚀带 - Google Patents
凝胶密封防腐蚀带 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107216441A CN107216441A CN201710478084.3A CN201710478084A CN107216441A CN 107216441 A CN107216441 A CN 107216441A CN 201710478084 A CN201710478084 A CN 201710478084A CN 107216441 A CN107216441 A CN 107216441A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
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- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种可变形粘性聚氨酯聚合物,其为聚异氰酸酯、多元醇和一羟基增粘剂的反应产物。另外,本发明提供了一种组合物,其包括根据本发明所述的聚合物和以下的一个或多个:表面改性的二氧化硅纳米粒子、玻璃泡和纤维填料颗粒。另外,本发明提供了一种包括根据本发明的聚合物或根据本发明的组合物的柔性衬圈带。
Description
本申请是PCT国际申请日为2011年12月22日,PCT国际申请号为PCT/US2011/066806、中国国家申请号为201180062468.8的发明名称为《凝胶密封防腐蚀带》的申请的分案申请。
相关专利申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2010年12月27日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/427357的权益,该专利的公开内容全文以引用方式并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及可用作柔性衬圈材料的聚合物和组合物。
背景技术
一些已知的柔性衬圈材料用在飞行器上以密封在地板、检查口、外板、配件、诸如天线的固定装置以及其它开口和接缝与和它们相关的结构之间的空隙。衬圈通过它们的存在防止流体到达关键区域和导致腐蚀、电短路或系统故障。
US 6,586,483 B2公开了某些表面改性的纳米粒子和它们的用途。
发明内容
简而言之,本发明提供了一种可变形粘性聚氨酯聚合物,其为聚异氰酸酯、多元醇和一羟基增粘剂的反应产物。在一些实施例中,所述一羟基增粘剂是一种化合物,其可衍生自树脂。在一些实施例中,所述一羟基增粘剂是一种化合物,其可衍生自松香。在一些实施例中,所述一羟基增粘剂是一种化合物,其可衍生自树脂酸。在一些实施例中,所述一羟基增粘剂是一种多环化合物。在一些实施例中,所述一羟基增粘剂是一种三环化合物。在一些实施例中,所述一羟基增粘剂的分子量大于200。在一些实施例中,所述一羟基增粘剂的分子量大于250。在一些实施例中,所述一羟基增粘剂是氢化松香醇。在一些实施例中,所述聚异氰酸酯是一种官能度大于2的多官能聚异氰酸酯。在一些实施例中,所述多元醇的分子量大于500。在一些实施例中,所述多元醇的分子量大于700。在一些实施例中,所述多元醇是一种羟基封端的聚丁二烯。
在另一方面,本发明提供了一种组合物,其包括根据本发明所述的聚合物和以下的一个或多个:表面改性的二氧化硅纳米粒子、玻璃泡和纤维填料颗粒。
在另一方面,本发明提供了一种包括根据本发明的聚合物或根据本发明的组合物的柔性衬圈带。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种低密度、阻燃、易流动的聚氨酯凝胶带,其能够密封飞行器结构以防多种流体的进入,并预防通过飞行器上遇到的各种环境造成的腐蚀。本发明另外提供了一种基于相同的化学特性的双组分、反应性凝胶组合物。本发明另外提供了一种包括凝胶带和双组分、反应性凝胶组合物的套件,其可用于密封多种组件,包括在飞行器上发现的那些组件。
本文的凝胶状带可显示具有如下特性:粘性、易压缩流动性、耐腐蚀性、阻燃性、低比重(为了减轻重量)、随时间推移粘附力不具有可测量的增长以及具有足够的粘合强度,从而当拆卸时容易和干净地从固体基底上移除。
在一些实施例中,根据本发明的可变形聚氨酯组合物由一种反应混合物制备,所述反应混合物包括:多官能异氰酸酯、高分子量羟基封端的聚丁二烯、一羟基官能化增粘剂和聚氨酯催化剂。在一些实施例中,反应混合物另外包括低分子量一元醇。在一些实施例中,反应混合物另外包括以下的一个或多个:无机纤维填料和短切无机或有机无规纤维。在一些实施例中,反应混合物另外包括以下的一个或多个:玻璃泡和表面改性的纳米粒子。在一些实施例中,反应混合物另外包括增塑剂。在一些实施例中,反应混合物另外包括抗氧化剂。
在一个实施例中,根据本发明的可变形聚氨酯组合物包括:多官能异氰酸酯,诸如购自拜耳公司(Bayer Corp.)的Desmodur N3300;高分子量羟基封端的聚丁二烯,诸如购自沙多玛公司(Sartomer Corp.)的Poly BD R45HTLO;一羟基官能化增粘剂,诸如购自伊士曼化学公司(Eastman Chemical Company)的Abitol E;低分子量一元醇,诸如购自阿法埃莎公司(Alpha Aesar Company)的2-乙基-1-己醇;二月桂酸二丁基锡聚氨酯催化剂,购自空气产品公司(Air Products Inc.)的Dabco T-12;磷酸盐化增塑剂,诸如购自旭瑞达公司(Supresta Company)的Phosflex 31L;购自3M公司的玻璃泡;购自3M公司的5纳米表面改性的纳米粒子;购自R.T.范德比尔特公司(R.T.Vanderbilt Company)的硅灰石无机纤维填料;购自汽巴公司(Ciba Corporation)的Irganox 1010抗氧化剂;以及诸如1/4"短切聚酯纤维的短切无机或有机无规纤维。
可使用任何合适的多官能异氰酸酯。实例包括购自拜耳公司(Bayer Corp.)的Desmodur N3300。多官能异氰酸酯用于制备最终交联的热固性聚氨酯组合物。多官能意指异氰酸酯具有每分子平均多于两个异氰酸酯基团。一些实施例利用二异氰酸酯,其官能度为二,当与官能度也为二的二醇反应时,形成线型聚氨酯。一些实施例具有在异氰酸酯和多元醇组分之间的大于2.0的平均官能度,导致交联的热固性聚氨酯。
可使用任何合适的多元醇。实例包括购自沙多玛公司(Sartomer Corp.)的PolyBD R45HTLO。在一些实施例中,聚氨酯组合物的多元醇组分依赖羟基封端的聚丁二烯,其为最终组合物提供非常低的玻璃化转变温度并确保所述组合物的粘合剂特性在大温度范围内相对均匀。
可使用任何合适的增粘剂。通常,专门将增粘剂组分设计为反应成聚氨酯组合物并同时允许总系统官能度减小。成为单官能用于调节组合物的聚合反应程度并允许特性的整体平衡。还可利用其它非反应性增粘剂以取得粘附性能的平衡。
在一些实施例中,还掺入低分子量一元醇。其可以与反应性增粘剂相似的方式起作用,但避免直接影响组合物的粘合特性。
在一些实施例中,将增塑剂掺入到所述组合物中以取得密封剂的粘附性和机械性能的平衡,并且还为组合物赋予阻燃性。
在一些实施例中,掺入硅灰石无机纤维以提高组合物的粘合强度,从而当密封剂带寿命终止时其可容易被移除。这些纤维为组合物提供小规模的加固。这些可与为组合物提供较大规模的加固的短切无机或有机纤维结合使用。每种加固当结合时能够取得聚氨酯组合物的内聚平衡。
在一些实施例中,掺入玻璃泡以减小密封剂的比重用于减轻重量,这在航空工业中可尤其有益。
在一些实施例中,为了发泡的目的将表面改性的纳米粒子掺入组合物中作为气体稳定剂。发泡使得重量进一步减轻并同时当聚氨酯凝胶带压缩布置时使得组合物能够更加流变地反应。
在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂掺入到组合物中以提供氧化稳定性。在一些实施例中,掺入Irganox 1010抗氧化剂。
可通过任何合适的方法制备聚氨酯凝胶带。在一个实施例中,通过依赖将异氰酸酯和多元醇混合以及在顶部和底部处理衬垫之间直接浇注所述组合物的工艺制备聚氨酯凝胶带。在一些实施例中,移除所述衬垫。在一些实施例中,移除一个衬垫并保留另一衬垫作为产品构造的一部分。在一些实施例中,两个衬垫均保留以作为产品构造的一部分。
在一些实施例中,可变形聚氨酯组合物是片材,在一些实施例中,其厚度小于10mm,更通常地小于5mm,并且更通常地小于1mm。这种片材通常具有至少10微米、更通常地至少20微米并且更通常地至少30微米的厚度。在一些实施例中,可变形聚氨酯片材形成一层多层结构,在一些实施例中,所述多层结构的其它层为含氟聚合物片材。在一些实施例中,可变形聚氨酯片材形成一层两层结构,所述两层结构的另一层为含氟聚合物片材。在一些实施例中,可变形聚氨酯片材形成一层多层结构,在一些实施例中,所述多层结构的其它层为聚(乙烯-共-甲基丙烯酸)离聚物膜片材。在一些实施例中,可变形聚氨酯片材形成一层两层结构,所述两层结构的另一层是聚(乙烯-共-甲基丙烯酸)离聚物膜片材。
本发明的目的和优点通过下面的实例进一步说明,但是这些实例中所提到的具体材料及其量,以及其他条件和细节,均不应被解释为对本发明的不当限制。
实例
除非另外说明,否则所有的试剂均得自或可得自美国威斯康辛州密尔沃基的奥德里奇化学公司(Aldrich Chemical Co.,Milwaukee,Wisconsin),或者可通过已知的方法合成。
下面的缩写用于描述所述实例:
℃: 摄氏温度
°F: 华氏温度
cm: 厘米
g/cm.w 克/厘米宽度
kg: 千克
lb: 磅
密耳: 10-3英寸
mm: 毫米
μm: 微米
nm: 纳米
oz/in.w 盎司/英寸宽度
rpm: 转/分钟
所用材料:
10P4-2:绿色环氧底漆,以商品名“10P4-2”得自荷兰阿姆斯特丹的阿克苏诺贝尔航空航天涂料公司(AkzoNobel Aerospace Coatings,Amsterdam,Netherlands)。
10P4-3:黄色环氧底漆,以商品名“10P4-3”得自阿克苏诺贝尔航空航天涂料公司(AkzoNobel Aerospace Coatings)。
POLY-BD:羟基封端的聚丁二烯树脂,以商品名“POLY BD R-45HTLO”得自美国宾夕法尼亚州埃克斯顿的沙多玛公司(Sartomer Company,Inc.,Exton,Pennsylvania)。
ABITOL-E:一羟基官能化氢化松香醇增粘剂,以商品名“ABITOL E”得自美国田纳西州金斯波特的伊士曼化学公司(Eastman Chemical Company,Kingsport,Tennessee)。
CCF:6mm短切的镍涂布碳纤维,以商品名“TENAX-J HT C9036MM”得自德国伍珀塔尔的东邦特耐克斯(欧洲)有限责任公司(Toho Tenax Europe GmbH,Wuppertal,Germany)。
CPF1:0.25英寸(6.35mm)1.5旦尼尔短切非卷曲聚酯纤维,可购自美国纽约州奥尔巴尼的斯坦因纤维有限公司(Stein Fibers,Ltd.,Albany,New York)。
CPF2:0.118英寸(3.0mm),1.5旦尼尔短切非卷曲聚酯纤维,可购自美国南卡罗来纳州阿卡迪亚的威廉巴尼特父子有限责任公司(William Barnet and Son,LLC,Arcadia,South Carolina)。
DESMODUR:多官能异氰酸酯,以商品名“DESMODUR N3300”得自美国宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的拜耳材料科学有限责任公司(Bayer MaterialScience,LLC,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania)。
DBTDL:二月桂酸二丁基锡,以商品名“DABCO T-12”得自美国宾夕法尼亚州阿伦敦的空气产品化学品公司(Air Products&Chemicals,Inc.,Allentown,Pennsylvania)。
EPT 22/23:白色环氧面漆,以商品名“22/23SERIES HIGH SOLIDS EPOXYTOPCOAT”得自阿克苏诺贝尔航空航天涂料公司(AkzoNobel Aerospace Coatings)。
IOTMS:异辛基三甲氧基硅烷,可购自美国宾夕法尼亚州莫里斯维尔的盖勒斯特公司(Gelest,Inc.,Morrisville,Pennsylvania)。
IRGANOX:四(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸)季戊四醇酯,以商品名“IRGANOX 1010”得自美国新泽西州弗洛勒姆帕克的巴斯夫公司(BASF Corporation,Florham Park,New Jersey)。
K1-GB:玻璃泡,以商品名“K1玻璃泡”得自美国明尼苏达州圣保罗的3M公司(3MCompany,St.Paul,Minnesota)。
MTMS:甲基三甲氧基硅烷,可购自盖勒斯特公司(Gelest,Inc.)。
N2326:16.06固体%的含水5nm胶态二氧化硅分散体,以商品名“N2326”得自美国伊利诺伊州内珀维尔的纳尔科公司(Nalco,Naperville,Illinois)。
N-MEFBSE:1-丁烷磺酰胺,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-九氟代-N-(2-羟基乙基)-N-甲基。
OOD:1-十八醇。
PHOSFLEX:取代的三芳基磷酸酯增塑剂,以商品名“PHOSFLEX 31L”得自以色列特拉维夫的ICL工业产品公司(ICL Industrial Products,Tel Aviv,Israel)。
SMSN:如下述合成的85:15重量%的异辛基三甲氧基硅烷:甲基甲氧基硅烷改性的5nm二氧化硅纳米粒子。将100克Nalco 2326胶态二氧化硅、7.54克IOTMS、0.81克MTMS和112.5克乙醇:甲醇的80:20重量%共混物添加到配有搅动组件、温度计和冷凝器的500ml的3颈圆底烧瓶中。将烧瓶置于设为80℃的油浴中并搅动4小时,然后将混合物转移至结晶皿中并在设为150℃的对流烘箱中干燥2小时。
SMSN-PFX:SMDN在PHOSFLEX中的10重量%分散体。
SURLYN:2密耳(50.8μm)透光的聚(乙烯-共-甲基丙烯酸)离聚物膜,以商品名“SURLYN CLEAR XIO 94.2”得自美国印第安纳州埃文斯维尔的贝瑞塑料公司(BerryPlastics Corporation,Evansville,Indiana)。
TEH:2-乙基-1-己醇,可购自美国马萨诸塞州沃德希尔的阿法埃莎公司(AlfaAesar Company,Ward Hill,Massachusetts)。
WFF:硅灰石无机纤维填料,以商品名“VANSIL W-40”得自美国康乃狄克州诺沃克的R.T.范德比尔特公司(R.T.Vanderbilt Company,Inc.,Norwalk,Connecticut)。
实例1:
除非另外指明,否则以下组分在被添加之前被预热至158°F(70℃):将2.07克TEH添加到可购自美国南卡罗来纳州兰德拉姆的弗莱克泰克公司(Flacktek,Inc.,Landrum,South Carolina)的“MAX 100”型混合杯中。将在得自美国加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉的大和科学(美国)公司(Yamato Scientific America,Inc.,Santa Clara,California)的“ADP21”型烘箱中在60℃时在真空中脱气180分钟的20.30克POLY-BD添加到所述混合杯中,然后加入22.28克PHOSFLEX和10.47克ABITOL-E。向所述混合物中逐滴地缓慢加入0.21克OOD。将杯置于设为大约200°F(93.3℃)的电炉上30分钟。随后通过用可购自美国密歇根州本顿港的嘉仕达制造公司(Gast Manufacturing,Inc.,Benton Harbor,Michigan)的“1AM-NCC-12”型风动混合机缓慢搅动2分钟混合所述混合物直至均匀为止。随后将50.31克该预混混合物转移至另一MAX 100混合杯中,然后加入1.08克SMSN、1.28克IRGANOX、2.00克K1-GB、6.10克WFF和4.00克CPF1,然后将所述混合物置于设为158°F(70℃)的烘箱中30分钟。将所述杯从烘箱中取出,随后将所述杯置于可购自弗莱克泰克公司的型号为DAC 150FV的混合机中,然后将所述混合物在3,540rpm下混合一分钟直至均匀为止。将所述杯从混合机中取出,并将10.30克DESMODUR添加到所述组合物中,然后逐滴添加0.15克DBTDL。将所述杯放回混合机中并混合一分钟、在3,540rpm下混合一分钟直至均匀为止。在表1中总结了用于该实例以及以下实例的组合物。
以49密耳(1.25mm)的标称间隙利用实验室用辊式涂布机在二密耳(50.4μm)的硅树脂涂布的聚酯防粘衬垫之间涂布所述组合物。在158°F(70.0℃)下将所述涂层固化16小时,得到膜厚度为大约45密耳(1.14mm)的凝胶带。
实例2:
重复如实例1中描述的一般工序,其中用12.03克CCF替换4.00克CPF1。
实例3:
重复如实例1中描述的一般工序,其中用2密耳(50.8μm)的SURLYN膜的片材替换聚酯衬垫之一。
实例4:
将0.94克TEH添加到MAX 40混合杯中,然后加入9.23克POLY-BD、10.13克PHOSFLEX、5.00克ABITOL-E(预热至158°F(70℃))、0.54克SMSN、0.63克IRGANOX、1.00克K1-GB、3.05克WFF和2.00克CPF1。然后将混合杯置于DAC 150FV混合机中,并在3,540rpm下混合45秒直至均匀为止。将所述杯从混合机中取出并将10.30克DESMODUR加入所述组合物中,然后逐滴加入0.09克DBTDL。将所述杯放回混合机并混合一分钟、在3,540下混合45秒直至均匀为止。随后根据在实例1中描述的工艺由所述组合物制成凝胶带。
实例5:
根据表1中列出的组合物重复如实例1中描述的一般工序,其中用0.37克N-MEFBSE替换0.21克OOD,并且将预混物的量调节至50.50克。
实例6:
重复如实例5中描述的一般工序,其中用2密耳(50.8μm)的SURLYN膜的片材替换聚酯衬垫之一。
实例7:
根据表1中列出的组合物,重复如实例1中描述的一般工序,其中SMSN在PHOSFLEX中预分散,用CPF2替换CPF1,由量增加的K1-GB取代WFF,并且将预混物从50.31减至48.81克。
表1
测试方法
根据下面描述的测试方法评估凝胶带的实例,并将结果列在表2中。
室温剥离强度:实例1-6
2×5英寸×43.2密耳(50.8×127.0×1.1mm)的不锈钢测试试样块,可购自美国俄亥俄州费尔菲尔德的化工仪器公司(Cheminstruments,Inc.,Fairfield,Ohio)。用异丙醇擦拭试样块的暴露面并允许干燥。从凝胶带实例的一侧移除所述衬垫,并利用也可购自化工仪器公司(Cheminstruments,Inc.)的4.5lb(2.04kg)重的辊将凝胶带的暴露面手动层合在不锈钢试样块的干净表面上方。随后在根据ASTM D3330测量剥离强度之前将试验样本在70°F(21.2℃)下保持24小时。
热浸渍的剥离强度:实例1-6
重复如室温剥离测试中描述的一般工序,其中,在将所述凝胶带层合到不锈钢测试试样块上之后,将试验样本置于设为54℃的烘箱中7天。在从烘箱中取出试验样本之后,在根据ASTM D3330执行剥离强度测试之前将所述试验样本在70°F(21.2℃)下保持24小时。
室温和热浸渍的剥离强度:实例7
重复上述用于确定剥离强度的一般工序,其中用如下处理的铝试样块取代所述不锈钢试样块。将可购自美国明尼苏达州库恩拉匹兹的埃里克森金属公司(EricksonMetals,Coon Rapids,Minnesota)的2×5英寸×63密耳(50.8×127.0cm×1.60mm)的7075T6包层铝试样块用非制造垫手动擦洗,用异丙醇擦拭并干燥。随后用10P4-2绿色底漆喷雾试样块并允许在70°F(21.2℃)干燥大约16小时。用10P4-3黄色底漆处理第二铝试样块,其处理方式与用白色面漆处理第三试样块的方式相似。在表2中报告的针对剥离强度的结果表示各自在处理的试样块上的一次测试的平均值。
水分吸收测试
将标称厚度为63密耳的1×10英寸(2.54×25.2cm×1.60mm)的铝试样块用可购自3M公司的“NOVEC CONTACT CLEANER,产品编号为71699”清洁,干燥并称重。从10×1英寸凝胶带样品的一侧移除衬垫,并且用4.5lb(2.04kg)重的辊将凝胶带的暴露面手动层合到铝试样块的干净表面上。从凝胶带的第二面上移除防粘衬垫并在50%相对湿度下将试验样本置于设为75°F(23.9℃)的调节室中24小时。从调节室中取出所述试验样本,称重,随后在95%相对湿度下置于设为120°F(48.9℃)的另一调节室中7天。在从调节室中移除后,用纱布轻轻吸干凝胶带表面,并且将试验样本再称重以计算百分比重量增益。
表2
在不偏离本发明范围和原理的前提下,可以对本发明进行各种修改和更改,这对于本领域的技术人员而言将是显而易见的,并且应当理解,不应将本发明不当地限制于上文示出的示例性实施例。
Claims (9)
1.一种可变形粘性聚氨酯聚合物,其为聚异氰酸酯、多元醇和一羟基增粘剂的交联的反应产物,其中
所述一羟基增粘剂的分子量大于200,并且
所述多元醇的分子量大于500,并且所述多元醇是羟基封端的聚丁二烯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中所述一羟基增粘剂是一种可衍生自树脂的化合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中所述一羟基增粘剂是一种可衍生自松香的化合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中所述一羟基增粘剂是一种可衍生自树脂酸的化合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中所述一羟基增粘剂是一种多环化合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中所述一羟基增粘剂是氢化松香醇。
7.根据权利要求1-6的任一项所述的聚合物,其中所述聚异氰酸酯是官能度大于2的多官能聚异氰酸酯。
8.一种多层柔性衬圈带,其包括:
聚合物膜或片材;和
根据权利要求1-6的任一项所述的可变形粘性聚氨酯聚合物,所述可变形粘性聚氨酯聚合物的厚度大于0.5mm且小于5mm并且设置在所述聚合物膜或片材上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的多层柔性衬圈带,其中所述聚合物膜或片材包括含氟聚合物片材、离聚物膜或它们的组合。
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JP2017072255A (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
WO2012092119A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
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JP2014507512A (ja) | 2014-03-27 |
US20130273342A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
CN103270069A (zh) | 2013-08-28 |
EP2658891A1 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
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