CN107211785B - Method for large-area soil preparation and rice planting in desert area - Google Patents
Method for large-area soil preparation and rice planting in desert area Download PDFInfo
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- CN107211785B CN107211785B CN201710566759.XA CN201710566759A CN107211785B CN 107211785 B CN107211785 B CN 107211785B CN 201710566759 A CN201710566759 A CN 201710566759A CN 107211785 B CN107211785 B CN 107211785B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for large-area soil preparation and rice planting in desert areas, wherein a large-area planting structure after soil preparation sequentially comprises a base layer, an impermeable layer and an improved matrix layer from bottom to top, the base layer is desert original soil, the impermeable layer is a tightly rolled marsh soil layer, the bottom of the marsh soil layer is tightly bonded with the base layer, the improved matrix layer is formed by mixing fermented pig manure, edible fungus chaff and desert original soil, and the method is specifically completed by pouring sand to form a bed, laying the impermeable layer, adding ridges and improving a sand field; the invention solves the problem of water leakage well, and the rolled marsh soil is adopted as an impermeable layer and has certain air permeability; the purpose of planting rice in a large area in desert is realized. The method for planting the rice with high yield, high efficiency and less water consumption is provided by utilizing the desert.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to agricultural ecological planting, relates to desert ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a method for large-area soil preparation and rice planting in desert areas.
Background
In ecological restoration, how to effectively treat arid desert areas becomes a problem which needs to be solved most urgently in China at present; the desertification brings great harm to people, and the desertification causes dry and thirsty land which is not suitable for cultivation. Preventing and treating sand can make the life smooth, the task is difficult, and the burden is far. One mu of sandy land is improved, which is equal to the increase of one mu of farmland. At present, in the treatment of arid desert areas, vegetation is mainly planted on the surface of a desert, after the vegetation survives, sand grains are stabilized through root systems of plants, rainwater and wind are prevented from taking away the sand grains, soil moisture is preserved, and finally, a tree forest with slices as units is formed. The desert control method mainly uses planting ecological forests to control the sand, but because of the limited soil conditions in desert areas, the water consumption is large and the planting effect of vegetation is poor, usually plastic films are arranged below tree pits, or water-absorbent resin, sodium polyacrylate, gel materials or gel materials mixed with fine sand are adopted to form an impermeable layer to achieve the purposes of preserving soil moisture and reducing water loss, the plastic films laid in the planting pits achieve the purposes of water penetration resistance but poor air permeability, the water-absorbent resin is adopted to absorb water to achieve the water-preserving function but the cost is too high, and the desert control method is not suitable for large-area planting in deserts and has poor economical efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the prior art has too high cost, limited seepage prevention, poor effect, low yield and can not realize large-area planting in desert by adopting an impermeable soil layer, and provides a method for preparing soil in a large area in a desert area to form a large-area planted sand field.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for planting rice in the prepared large-area sandy field.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for large-area soil preparation in desert areas is characterized in that a large-area planting structure after soil preparation sequentially comprises a base layer, an impermeable layer and an improved substrate layer from bottom to top, the base layer is desert original soil, the impermeable layer is a tightly rolled marsh soil layer, the bottom of the marsh soil layer is tightly bonded with the base layer, the improved substrate layer is formed by mixing fermented pig manure, edible fungus chaff and desert original soil, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step (1): and (3) pouring sand to form ridges: in order to facilitate mechanical cultivation, 3 hectares of land are newly built, namely 150m multiplied by 200m is one land, trapezoidal ditch furrows with the depth of 75-85cm and the width of 4-6m are dug by an excavator along the long edge of the determined land as first furrows, and the bottom of each furrow is ultra-flat;
step (2): paving impermeable soil: is even at the bottom of the furrowSpreading 10-12cm thick marsh soil (soil volume weight is more than or equal to 1.64 g/cm)3The porosity is less than or equal to 37.8 percent) is used as impervious soil, then a watering vehicle is used for watering the impervious soil, then a road roller is used for rolling, watering and rolling are carried out again until the impervious soil is tightly combined and connected into a whole and is tightly bonded with the sand at the bottom of the ditch, and an impervious layer at the bottom of the first furrow is formed; then, excavating a second bed along a direction parallel to one side of the first bed, excavating sand of the second bed, backfilling the sand of the second bed on the impermeable layer of the first bed, wherein the backfilling thickness is 75-85cm, uniformly spreading impermeable soil 10-12cm after the bottom of the second bed is super-flat, spraying water on the impermeable soil by using a watering vehicle, rolling, then spraying water, and then rolling until the impermeable soil is tightly combined into a whole and is tightly adhered to the sand at the bottom of the ditch, and forming the impermeable layer at the bottom of the second bed; repeating the operation for 30 times to finish the work of laying 10cm of impermeable soil below 80cm of desert of 45 mu, and forming a sand field with a large-area laid impermeable layer;
and (3): additionally arranging ridges: adding ridges around the sand field completed in the step (2);
and (4): improvement of sandy field: applying decomposed pig manure and edible fungus chaff in each mu of the prepared sandy land, then cultivating by using a rotary cultivator, uniformly mixing the fertilizer and the sand of the sandy land into surface sand of 18-22cm, then pressing by using a roller, forming the final large-area planted sandy land after pressing is finished, and transplanting rice seedlings by watering.
Preferably, the impermeable soil is marsh silt soil formed by local deposition for many years.
Preferably, in the step (2), a watering vehicle is used for watering the impermeable soil, a 25-ton road roller is used for rolling, watering and rolling are carried out again, watering and rolling are carried out twice, rolling is carried out twice, and rolling compaction is carried out until the impermeable soil is tightly combined, is connected into a whole, is flat and seamless, has no gap and is tightly bonded with the sand at the bottom of the ditch, and water is prevented from leaking downwards.
Preferably, in the step (3), in order to prevent water from losing from the periphery of the field block, a field ridge is additionally arranged, the height of the field ridge is 20cm, a layer of shed film is laid on the inner side of the field ridge, the shed film extends downwards 80cm to an impermeable soil layer adjacent to the inner side of the field ridge, then the shed film extends 20cm towards the field, in order to facilitate operation, the shed film is laid in advance before sand is backfilled, and the surface of the sand field is leveled after the field ridge is made.
Preferably, in the step (4), 5 tons of decomposed pig manure and 3 tons of edible fungus chaff are applied to each mu of land in the prepared sandy field, a rotary cultivator is used for farming twice, fertilizers and sand are uniformly mixed in the sand with the surface layer of 20cm, a roller is used for pressing for 3-5 times to be beneficial to soil moisture preservation, and water is saved for seedling transplanting when the summer stands after pressing is finished.
A method for planting rice on the prepared large-area sandy field, which comprises the following steps,
step A, selecting fine seeds to raise seedlings in a plastic greenhouse by using a rice dry seedling raising technology, preparing seedling transplanting in a sand field obtained in the step (4) by irrigating in 3-4 months, and transplanting the seedlings by using a seedling transplanting machine in the season of 5 months and 4-10 days after the water depth is 5 cm;
step B, irrigating once in the last ten days of 6 months, 7 months and 8 months respectively, and irrigating 110m per mu3Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300 times liquid for 2 times in the filling stage of rice, and spraying for 7 days at the interval of 2 times, and harvesting after ripening.
In the step A, seedling is raised in a plastic greenhouse by using a rice dry seedling raising technology in the middle ten days of 4 months, 1 mu of seedlings are raised, and 25 mu of seedlings are transplanted in a field; in order to improve the chlorophyll content of seedlings, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed once when the height of the seedlings is 15cm, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed once when the seedlings are 40 days old, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed once again when the seedlings are 40 days old, and in order to cultivate strong seedlings, a shed film is uncovered for 2-3 hours in the daytime during seedling raising, and the seedlings are hardened.
In step A, the first generation of hybrid seeds of 'air-bred 131' cultivated by Han rice institute of agriculture academy of sciences of Heilongjiang province are selected. Good resistance, strong adaptability, good quality and great yield-increasing potential, and can grow normally, fill normally and mature normally in high-temperature and hot seasons in sandy areas.
In the step A, irrigating a sandy field in 3-4 months to prepare for transplanting rice seedlings, wherein the water depth is preferably 5cm, and the rice seedlings are transplanted by a rice transplanter in the early summer (5 months, 5 days-10 days); irrigating once in the first ten days of 6 months, 7 months and 8 months respectively, and irrigating 110m of water each time per mu3The water consumption is obviously reduced, the 300 times solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed for 2 times in the rice filling period, the interval period of 2 times of spraying is 7 days, and chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemical are not needed to be applied in the periodThe medicine, field management and harvest are the same as the conventional rice cultivation technology.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. firstly, digging a trapezoidal ditch with the depth of 80cm and the width of 5m by using an excavator as a first ditch, and flattening the bottom of the ditch; paving an impermeable layer at the bottom of a ditch ridge, excavating a second ridge by using an excavator, excavating sand of the second ridge and backfilling the sand on the impermeable layer of the first ridge, paving the impermeable layer on the bottom of the second ridge in an ultra-flat manner, and sequentially circulating the processes to form a large sand field capable of planting rice. Realizes the large-area desert transformation and forms a large-area planting sand field in the desert area. The invention lays the rich local marsh soil under the yellow sand of 80cm to be impermeable soil, explores a new way for desert control, realizes desert control and desert transformation, and achieves the purpose of bringing benefits to the desert for human beings. The method for transforming the desert has the advantages of abundant and easily-obtained raw materials, simple and easy technology, low transformation cost and suitability for large-area popularization.
2. The impermeable layer is laid by uniformly spreading soil with the thickness of 10cm at the bottom of the furrow with the volume weight more than or equal to 1.64g/cm3The marsh soil with the porosity less than or equal to 37.8 percent is used as the impermeable soil, a watering cart is used for watering the impermeable soil, a road roller is used for rolling, watering and rolling are carried out again, and the impermeable soil is tightly rolled until the impermeable soil is tightly combined to form an impermeable layer, so that the problem of water leakage is solved, and the marsh soil which is tightly rolled has certain air permeability as the impermeable layer. Provides a rice planting structure with high yield, high efficiency and less water consumption for planting rice in desert.
3. The invention applies the thoroughly decomposed pig manure and edible fungus chaff into the yellow sand with the surface layer of 20cm, thereby not only solving the problem of lack of nutrition in the yellow sand, but also improving the yellow sand into loam and having remarkable water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining effects.
4. The invention realizes the purpose of planting rice in a large area in a desert, and the rice is planted in the desert, the day and night temperature difference is utilized to be greatly beneficial to dry matter accumulation, the illumination is sufficient to be beneficial to photosynthesis improvement, and the disease and insect free in the desert is beneficial to organic food production.
Through practice, the method is utilized to plant a rice variety 'sky breeding 131' at the edge of desert of the Yangzhou county, Pingchuan county, Gansu province with elevation of 1446 m;
the results were: the growth period (144 days) is prolonged by 17 days compared with the growth period (127 days) of the variety in Heilongjiang; irrigating for 4 times in a growth period of 144 days, and the total water consumption per mu is 440 m3Average water consumption per mu in south (620 m)3) 71% of; the yield per mu (1920 jin) is 82.6 percent higher than the average yield per mu (1051.3 jin) of the black dragon river in the original production area; the m rate (85%) is improved by 2.4%; no chemical fertilizer, pesticide and heavy metal residue are detected; high yield, high efficiency and less water consumption.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for planting rice in desert area in large area includes the following steps,
step (1): and (3) pouring sand to form ridges: in order to facilitate mechanical cultivation, a land parcel of 100 mu is newly built in a desert of the Yangtze county, plain Sichuan, county, at an elevation of 1446 m, each land parcel is 3 hectares, namely 150m multiplied by 200m is one land parcel, a trapezoidal ditch ridge with the depth of 80cm and the width of 5m is dug by an excavator along the long edge of the determined land parcel to serve as a first ridge, and the ridge bottom is ultra-flat;
step (2): paving impermeable soil: uniformly spreading 10cm thick marsh soil at the bottom of the furrow, wherein the volume weight of the soil is more than or equal to 1.64g/cm3And the porosity is less than or equal to 37.8 percent and is used as impervious soil, a watering vehicle is adopted to sprinkle water on the impervious soil, a road roller is used for rolling, then water is sprinkled, and then rolling is carried out until the impervious soil is tightly combined and integrated, the whole body is smooth, no gap is formed, an impervious layer is formed, and the bottom of the impervious layer is tightly bonded with the sand at the bottom of the ditch. After the impermeable layer at the bottom of the first furrow is made, excavating a second furrow by using an excavator, excavating sand of the second furrow, backfilling the sand on the impermeable layer of the first furrow, uniformly spreading impermeable soil for 10cm after the bottom of the second furrow is super-flat, sprinkling water on the impermeable soil by using a watering cart, rolling, sprinkling water again, and rolling again to form the impermeable layer until the impermeable soil at the bottom of the impermeable soil is tightly adhered to the sand at the bottom of the furrow, and repeating the operation for 30 times to finish the operation of paving the impermeable soil with the thickness of 10cm under the 80cm desert of 45 mu;
and (3): additionally arranging ridges: in order to prevent water from losing from the periphery of the field block, ridges are additionally arranged on the periphery of the sandy field finished in the step (2), the ridges are 20cm high, a layer of shed film is laid on the inner sides of the ridges, the shed film extends downwards 80cm to an impermeable soil layer adjacent to the shed film, the shed film extends 20cm towards the field, in order to facilitate operation, the shed film is laid in advance before sand is backfilled, and the surface of the sandy field is leveled after the ridges are made;
and (4): improvement of sandy field: applying 5 tons of decomposed pig manure and 3 tons of edible fungus chaff per mu of the prepared sandy field, then cultivating by using a rotary cultivator, uniformly mixing the fertilizer and the sand of the sandy field into 20cm of surface sand, then pressing for 3-5 times by using a roller, forming the final large-area planting sandy field after pressing is finished, and transplanting rice seedlings after watering.
And (5): selecting improved seeds, namely selecting 'air-raised 131' first-filial generation seeds cultured by the research institute of Han rice of academy of agricultural science of Heilongjiang province; raising seedlings in a dry way, namely raising the seedlings in a plastic greenhouse by using a rice dry seedling raising technology, and raising 1 mu of seedlings for 25 mu of field transplantation; in order to improve the chlorophyll content of seedlings, spraying 250 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution once when the seedlings are 15cm high, spraying 300 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution once when the seedlings are 40 days old, and in order to culture strong seedlings, uncovering a greenhouse film for 2-3 hours in the daytime during seedling raising period to harden the seedlings;
and (6): irrigating and transplanting rice seedlings, namely irrigating the sandy field of the step (4) in 3-4 months to reach the water depth of 5cm, transplanting rice seedlings by a rice transplanter 4-10 days after 5 months and 5 months, wherein the rice seedling spacing is 15cm, the row spacing is 35cm, 3 seedlings are planted in each hole, 38000 seedlings are maintained in each mu, the seedlings are irrigated once in the first ten days of 6 months, the last ten days of 7 months and the last ten days of 8 months respectively, and the water is irrigated for 110m each time in each mu3Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300 times liquid for 2 times in the filling period of rice, wherein the interval period of 2 spraying is 7 days, no fertilizer and pesticide are needed in the period, and harvesting is carried out after 144 days in the growth period.
Comparative example:
adopting the seedling in the step (5), and adopting the same method as the step (6) in the area of the 1 st to 4 th temperature accumulating zone area such as the northern latitude 370-.
The results show that: the growth period of 144 days is prolonged by 17 days compared with the growth period of 127 days of the variety in Heilongjiang; birth in 144 daysIrrigating for 4 times in the period, and the total water consumption per mu is 440 m3Average water consumption per mu in south (620 m)3) 71% of; the yield per mu (1920 jin) is 82.6 percent higher than the yield per mu (1051.3 jin) of the black dragon river in the original production area; the m rate (85%) is improved by 2.4%; the detection shows that no chemical fertilizer, pesticide and heavy metal residue is left.
Example 2
A method for planting rice in desert area in large area includes the following steps,
step (1): and (3) pouring sand to form ridges: in order to facilitate mechanical cultivation, a land parcel of 100 mu is newly built in a desert of the Yangtze county, plain Sichuan, county, at an elevation of 1446 m, each land parcel is 3 hectares, namely 150m multiplied by 200m is one land parcel, a trapezoidal ditch ridge with the depth of 85cm and the width of 6m is dug by an excavator along the long edge of the determined land parcel to serve as a first ridge, and the ridge bottom is ultra-flat;
step (2): paving impermeable soil: uniformly spreading marsh soil with the thickness of 12cm at the bottom of the furrow, wherein the volume weight of the soil is more than or equal to 1.64g/cm3And the porosity is less than or equal to 37.8 percent and is used as impervious soil, a watering vehicle is adopted to sprinkle water on the impervious soil, a road roller is used for rolling, then water is sprinkled, and then rolling is carried out until the impervious soil is tightly combined and integrated, the whole body is smooth, no gap is formed, an impervious layer is formed, and the bottom of the impervious layer is tightly bonded with the sand at the bottom of the ditch. After the impervious layer at the bottom of the first bed ditch is made, excavating a second bed with an excavator, excavating sand of the second bed and backfilling the sand on the impervious soil of the first bed, uniformly spreading the impervious soil for 12cm after the bottom of the second bed is super-flat, sprinkling water on the impervious soil by using a watering vehicle, rolling, sprinkling water again, and rolling again to form the impervious layer until the impervious soil at the bottom of the impervious layer is tightly adhered to the sand at the bottom of the ditch, and repeating the operation for 30 times, namely finishing the work of paving the impervious soil below 85cm of the 45-mu desert;
and (3): additionally arranging ridges: in order to prevent water from losing from the periphery of the field blocks, ridges are additionally arranged on the sandy field finished in the step (2), the ridges are 20cm high, a layer of shed film is laid on the inner sides of the ridges, the shed film extends downwards for 85cm to an impermeable soil layer, the shed film extends 20cm to the field, for convenience of operation, the shed film is laid in advance before sand is backfilled, and the surface of the sandy field is leveled after the ridges are made;
and (4): improvement of sandy field: uniformly applying fertilizers to each mu of the prepared sandy field: 5 tons of decomposed pig manure and 3 tons of edible fungus chaff are cultivated twice by a rotary cultivator, fertilizer and sand of the sandy field are evenly mixed in 22cm surface sand, a roller is used for pressing for 3-5 times so as to be beneficial to soil moisture preservation, the sandy field is finally planted in a large area after pressing is finished, and water is poured for transplanting rice seedlings in the summer.
And (5): selecting improved seeds, namely selecting 'air-raised 131' first-filial generation seeds cultured by the research institute of Han rice of academy of agricultural science of Heilongjiang province; raising seedlings in a dry way, namely raising the seedlings in a plastic greenhouse by using a rice dry seedling raising technology, and raising 1 mu of seedlings for 25 mu of field transplantation; in order to improve the chlorophyll content of seedlings, spraying 250 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution once when the seedlings are 15cm high, spraying 300 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution once when the seedlings are 40 days old, and in order to culture strong seedlings, uncovering a greenhouse film for 2-3 hours in the daytime during seedling raising period to harden the seedlings;
and (6): and (3) irrigating and transplanting rice seedlings, namely irrigating the sandy field obtained in the step (4) in 3-4 months, wherein the water depth is 5cm, the rice seedlings are transplanted by a rice transplanter within 4-10 days in 5 months and 5-10 days in early summer, the plant spacing is 15cm, the row spacing is 35cm, 3 seedlings are planted in each hole, 38000 seedlings are maintained per mu, the seedling is irrigated once in the first ten days of 6 months, the last ten days of 7 months and the last ten days of 8 months respectively, the water is irrigated by 110m3 for each time per mu, the rice is sprayed by 300 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 2 times in the filling period, the interval period of 2 spraying is 7 days, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are not needed to be applied in the period.
Comparative example:
adopting the seedling in the step (5) to grow in the north latitude 37 of Heilongjiang0-380Namely the 1 st to 4 th temperature accumulation zone, harvesting the rice by adopting the same method as the step (6) when the rice is mature, and the average yield per mu is 1000 jin.
The results show that: the growth period (144 days) of the variety in the embodiment 2 of the invention is prolonged by 17 days compared with the growth period (127 days) of the variety in Heilongjiang; irrigating 3 times in 144 days of growth period, and the total water consumption per mu is 440 m3Average water consumption per mu in south (620 m)3) 71% of; the yield per mu (1920 jin) is nearly 2 times of the average yield per mu (1000 jin) of the black dragon river in the original production area; the m rate (85%) is improved by 2.4%; the detection shows that no chemical fertilizer, pesticide and heavy metal residue is left.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as those of the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for large-area soil preparation of desert areas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step (1): and (3) pouring sand to form ridges: in order to facilitate mechanical cultivation, 3 hectares of land are newly built, namely 150m multiplied by 200m is one land, trapezoidal ditch furrows with the depth of 75-85cm and the width of 4-6m are dug by an excavator along the long edge of the determined land as a first furrow, and the bottom of the first furrow is ultra-flat;
step (2): paving impermeable soil: uniformly spreading marsh soil with the thickness of 10-12cm at the bottom of the furrow to serve as impervious soil, then spraying water to the impervious soil by using a watering cart, then rolling by using a road roller, spraying water, rolling again until the impervious soil is tightly combined and connected into a whole and is tightly bonded with sand at the bottom of the furrow, and forming an impervious layer at the bottom of the first furrow; then, excavating a second bed, excavating sand of the second bed, backfilling the sand on the impermeable layer of the first bed, wherein the backfilling thickness is 75-85cm, uniformly spreading impermeable soil 10-12cm after the bottom of the second bed is super-flat, spraying water on the impermeable soil by using a watering vehicle, rolling, watering again rolling until the impermeable soil is tightly combined and connected into a whole and is tightly bonded with the sand at the bottom of the ditch, and forming the impermeable layer at the bottom of the ditch of the second bed; the operation is repeated in this way to form a sand field with a large-area paved impervious layer;
and (3): additionally arranging ridges: adding ridges around the sand field completed in the step (2);
and (4): improvement of sandy field: applying decomposed pig manure and edible fungus chaff in each mu of the prepared sandy land, then cultivating by using a rotary cultivator, uniformly mixing fertilizer and sand of the sandy land into surface sand of 18-22cm, then pressing by using a roller, forming a final large-area planting sandy land after pressing is finished, and transplanting rice seedlings after watering;
the selected impermeable soil has a soil volume weight of more than or equal to 1.64g/cm3And the porosity is less than or equal to 37.8 percent.
2. The method for large area soil preparation in desert area as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the marsh soil is formed by depositing for many years.
3. The method for large area soil preparation in desert area as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and after the water spraying vehicle sprays water to the impermeable soil, the impermeable soil is rolled by a 25-ton road roller, then water is sprayed, and then rolling is carried out, and water is sprayed twice and rolled twice together until the impermeable soil is tightly rolled and tightly combined, is connected into a whole, is flat and seamless integrally, has no gap and no vacancy, and is tightly bonded with the sand at the bottom of the ditch.
4. The method for large area soil preparation in desert area as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the ridge is 20cm high, a layer of shed film is laid on the inner side of the ridge, the shed film extends downwards 80cm to an impermeable soil layer adjacent to the ridge, the shed film extends 20cm towards the field, and the surface of the sandy field is leveled after the ridge is made.
5. The method for large area soil preparation in desert area as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), 5 tons of decomposed pig manure and 3 tons of edible fungus chaff are applied to each mu, then the fertilizer and sand of the sand field are evenly mixed in surface sand of 20cm by a rotary cultivator, and then the sand is pressed for 2 to 3 times by a roller.
6. A method for planting rice in a large area in a sandy field formed by soil preparation of a large area in a desert area as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps of,
step A, selecting fine seeds to perform dry seedling raising of rice in a plastic greenhouse, irrigating the sand field in the step (4) in 3-4 months, preparing for seedling transplanting, enabling the water depth to be 5cm, and completing seedling transplanting by using a seedling transplanting machine in the summer;
step B, irrigating once in the first ten days of 6 months, the first 7 months and the first 8 months after transplanting rice seedlings,110m of water is irrigated per mu3Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300 times liquid for 2 times in the filling stage of rice, wherein the interval period of spraying for 2 times is 7 days, and harvesting after maturity.
7. The method for planting rice in a large area in a sandy field formed by soil preparation in a large area in a desert area as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the first generation hybrid seed of 'air-bred 131' cultivated by Han rice research institute of agriculture academy of sciences of Heilongjiang province is selected.
8. The method for planting rice in a large area in a sandy field formed by soil preparation in a large area in a desert area as claimed in claim 7, wherein: dry seedling raising of rice: 1 mu of seedlings are raised for 25 mu of field transplanting, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed once when the height of the seedlings is 15cm, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed once when the seedling ages to 40 days, and the greenhouse film is uncovered for 2-3 hours in the daytime during seedling raising period for hardening.
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| CN107736100A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-27 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所 | A kind of fast and effective construction method for forming farming plough sole |
| CN108391478A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-14 | 贵州博锐生态技术有限公司 | A method of paddy field is made using project slash |
| CN108782096A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-13 | 美丽国土（北京）生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | Plant cover cultivation methods in sandy land and its application in planting cyperue esculentus |
| CN109964766A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-05 | 鄂尔多斯市环保投资有限公司 | A kind of method of desert site preparation and rice cultivation |
| CN110679373B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2023-02-03 | 北京乾景园林股份有限公司 | Planting and maintaining method for nursery stock in muck area |
| CN115885611A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2023-04-04 | 中国化学工程第十六建设有限公司 | Technology for improving high-grade paddy field in dry and sand land |
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