CN107163472A - 一种超高分子量聚乙烯织物芯输送带及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种超高分子量聚乙烯织物芯输送带及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107163472A
CN107163472A CN201710423254.8A CN201710423254A CN107163472A CN 107163472 A CN107163472 A CN 107163472A CN 201710423254 A CN201710423254 A CN 201710423254A CN 107163472 A CN107163472 A CN 107163472A
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齐建国
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Abstract

一种超高分子量聚乙烯织物芯输送带,包括超高分子量聚乙烯织物芯骨架以及骨架外的覆盖胶,所述骨架是高分子力聚乙烯纤维织物经过浸胶后得到;所述覆盖胶的组成包括以下组分:TPB 100份,硫磺1.5‑2份,双组份促进剂1.5‑2.5份,氧化锌2‑5份,硬脂酸1‑1.2份,石蜡1‑1.5份,二辛脂10‑15份,中超碳黑50‑55份,轻质碳酸钙10‑15份,双组分防老剂1‑2份。该输送带具有强力高,耐低温,耐冲击,带体轻,节约动力且能提高生产效率,降低生产成本。

Description

一种超高分子量聚乙烯织物芯输送带及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及轻量化输送带,具体而言涉及一种使用超高分子量聚乙烯织物芯制备的输送带及其制备方法。
背景技术
输送带是广泛使用与矿业、码头、化工、电力等行业的输送物料的运输工具。而现有的织物芯输送带大多数使用聚酯、尼龙、芳纶、钢丝绳等作为骨架材料的带芯。但聚酯、尼龙材料强力低,伸长率高;芳纶价格高强力比低;钢丝绳密度大,带体重,使用中耗能高,且均需压延工序和成型工序。目前超高分子量聚乙烯作为骨架材料的大都处于实验室研究中,尚不能进行大规模的工业化生产。
超高分子量聚乙烯纤维(UHMWPE)是英国利兹大学的Capaccio和Ward在20世纪70年代成功研发,后由荷兰帝斯曼公司推广产业化的髙性能纤维,是由分子量超过百万的聚乙烯在凝胶纺丝或熔融纺丝及高倍拉伸条件下制得的。超高分子量聚乙烯具有优良的抗冲击、抗切割韧性、电绝缘性和耐磨性,但是其自粘和互粘性较差,较难与复合材料基体材料进行粘合。由于超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的表面惰性且熔点低,因此在橡胶复合材料中的应用不多见,目前大多只停留在超高分子量聚乙烯短纤维与橡胶复合的应用。
(UHMWPE)超高分子量聚乙烯,其强力高,强度可达到30.8cn/detx,高于芳纶141420.2cn/detx(目前芳纶已应用于输送带的生产中),但其价格低于芳纶1414。目前输送带常用的有涤纶、尼龙、钢丝(绳)纤维。除钢丝强力与芳纶接近,其余两种强力均低于超高分子量聚乙烯。另外超高分子量聚乙烯密度小于1,为0.98。而钢丝为7.8,芳纶为1.4,因此用其生产输送带,带体轻,可减轻使用中的动力消耗。
在工业生产中,纤维在复合材料中的应用一般会经过一道浸胶处理。一般认为,纤维经过浸胶处理,浸胶层可在橡胶与纤维层间形成过渡层胶膜,降低纤维与橡胶间的模量和极性差异,并对橡胶与纤维层起到粘结作用。关于超高分子量聚乙烯使用浸胶处理还未见报道。
发明内容
超高分子量聚乙烯与其他材料复合需对其进行处理。因其不易与其他材料粘合,本发明就是在其表面用修饰方法,采用等离子改性浸胶处理等,提高其与橡胶复合材料的粘合性能,满足输送带的技术标准,实现其在橡胶制品中的应用。本发明所述运输带的覆盖胶体使用双烯类热塑性弹性体(TPB),TPB即间同1,2聚丁二烯,是BR橡胶(顺式1,4聚丁二烯)的同分异构体,此种材料具有热弹体的性质外还可进行硫化。使用硫磺等进行硫化,提高其性能,更重要的是,这种材料可以和高分子量聚乙烯材料具有良好的浸胶性能。此外这种材料同样低温下使用性能不受影响。因此这两种材料可以制造低温地区使用的输送带。本发明改进了高分子量聚乙烯骨架材料的浸胶处理工艺,使用热塑性弹体TPB,可减去传统生产输送带工艺中的压近、成型工序,提高生产效率,节能减排。
超高分子量聚乙烯纤维熔点为144℃,耐热性较差。在80℃时其强度和模量大约损失30%,但短时间接近熔点附近在130℃条件下3小时内,其强度大部分可以保持。这种情况已基本满足加工复合材料时工艺温度的需求。因此在制造输送带中,使用温度在110-130℃之间,加温时间也在30分钟之内,基本不影响质量,且加温后即冷却定型。
本发明提供一种超高分子量聚乙烯输送带,包括超高分子量聚乙烯骨架以及骨架外的覆盖胶,所述骨架是高分子力聚乙烯纤维织物经过浸胶后得到;所述覆盖胶的组成包括以下组分:TPB 80-120份,硫磺1.5-2份,双组份促进剂1.5-2.5份,氧化锌2-5份,硬脂酸1-1.2份,石蜡1-1.5份,二辛脂10-15份,中超碳黑50-55份,轻质碳酸钙10-15份,双组分防老剂1-2.5份。
优选的,所述覆盖胶的组成包括以下组分:TPB 100-110份,硫磺1.8-2份,双组份促进剂1.5-2.5份,氧化锌3-4份,硬脂酸1.1-1.2份,石蜡1.3-1.5份,二辛脂13-14份,中超碳黑52-53份,轻质碳酸钙13-15份,双组分防老剂1.2-2份。
所述双组份促进剂是噻唑类和秋兰姆类,噻唑类选自促进剂M或促进剂DM,秋兰姆类选自促进剂TMTD、促进剂TETD或促进剂DPTT;所述双组份促进剂优选是促进剂M和促进剂TMTD;所述双组份防老剂选自防老剂RD、防老剂4010NA、防老剂MB、防老剂DNP中任意两种;所述双组份防老剂优选是防老剂RD和防老剂4010NA;所述中超炭黑即中超耐磨炭黑。
所述覆盖胶的炼制方法包括以下步骤:在搅拌混合设备中,在90-110℃下,将各种物料按照TPB-石蜡-硬脂酸-双组份促进剂-氧化锌-防老剂-碳黑-轻质碳酸钙-二辛脂-硫磺的顺序依次加入,并搅拌混合均匀。
所述超高分子量聚乙烯采用直径编制结构的方法制成单层带芯,提高了强力,不脱层,成槽性好。
所述超高分子量聚乙烯输送带的制备方法包括以下步骤:将带芯预热110-120℃放入进口,同时把上一步中混合好的胶料填入双面挤出机及模具中进行动态硫化,硫化温度130℃(不高于)时间12-15分钟。使胶料包覆在超高分子量聚乙烯带芯上。挤出后冷却定型。
传统输送带生产工艺:混炼胶制造——压延胶布、胶片——贴合成型工序——硫化工序——成品
本产品生产工艺:混炼胶制造——浸胶处理带芯的烘干——与混炼胶一起挤出(加温)——成品。
主要输送带骨架材料机械性能比较:
强力对比(cn/dtex) 伸长率(%) 密度(g/cm3)
尼龙 6 15-25 1.15
聚酯 6 7-17 1.38
芳纶 20 4 1.44
UHMWPE 30 5 0.98
钢丝 20 / 7.8
钢丝绳和UHMWPE自重和破力性能比较:
和现有同类产品有以下特点:1,强度高,模量高,伸长率低,使用中不易跑长;2,耐冲击;3,带体轻,可减少使用中的能耗;4耐水、耐湿性能好;5,耐低温性能好,可在寒冷地区露天作业中使用;6,电绝缘性能好,耐腐蚀性能好;7、使用热塑性弹性体TPB新材料,可以减少压延成型工序,提高自动化程度,提高生产效率,节能环保。
具体实施方式
实施例1
覆盖胶配方:热塑性弹性体TPB 100份,硫磺2份,促进剂M 1.3份,促进剂TMTD 0.5份,氧化锌5份,硬脂酸1.2份,石蜡1.2份,二辛脂15份,中超碳黑55份,轻质碳酸钙15份,防老剂RD 1.3份,防老剂4010NA 0.5份。
超高分子量聚乙烯输送带的制备:将浸胶后织成的超高分子量聚乙烯带芯预热(100℃)10分钟;将上述覆盖胶以以下顺序加工搅拌均匀:先加TPB,石蜡,硬脂酸,促进剂,氧化锌,防老剂,碳黑,碳酸钙,搅拌5分钟。再加入二辛脂搅拌5分钟。最后加硫磺搅拌2分钟,出料。超高分子量聚乙烯采用直径编制结构的方法制成带芯。将预热的带芯(110℃)通过双面挤出机及模具中加入的上一步混合好的胶料在130℃中挤出,胶料包覆带芯,15-17分钟后冷却卷取。
实施例2:
覆盖胶配方:热塑性弹性体TPB 100份,硫磺2份,促进剂M1.5份,促进剂TMTD 0.5份,氧化锌4份,硬脂酸1.2份,石蜡1.2份,二辛脂15份,中超碳黑55份,轻质碳酸钙15份,防老剂RD 1.5份,防老剂4010NA 0.5份。
超高分子量聚乙烯输送带的制备:将浸胶后织成的超高分子量聚乙烯带芯预热(100℃)10分钟;将上述覆盖胶以以下顺序加工搅拌均匀:先加TPB,石蜡,硬脂酸,促进剂,氧化锌,防老剂,碳黑,碳酸钙,搅拌5分钟;再加入二辛脂搅拌5分钟。最后加硫磺搅拌2分钟,出料;超高分子量聚乙烯采用直径编制结构的方法制成带芯;将预热的带芯(110℃)通过双面挤出机及模具中加入的上一步混合好的胶料在130℃中挤出,胶料包覆带芯,15-17分钟后冷却卷取。

Claims (6)

1.一种超高分子量聚乙烯输送带,包括超高分子量聚乙烯骨架以及骨架外的覆盖胶,所述骨架是高分子力聚乙烯纤维织物经过浸胶后得到;所述覆盖胶的组成包括以下组分:TPB 80-120份,硫磺1.5-2份,双组份促进剂1.5-2份,氧化锌2-5份,硬脂酸1-1.2份,石蜡1-1.5份,二辛脂10-15份,中超碳黑50-55份,轻质碳酸钙10-15份,双组分防老剂1-2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超高分子量聚乙烯传输带,其特征在于所述覆盖胶的组成包括以下组分:TPB 100-110份,硫磺1.8-2份,双组份促进剂1.5-2.5份,氧化锌3-4份,硬脂酸1.1-1.2份,石蜡1.3-1.5份,二辛脂13-14份,中超碳黑52-53份,轻质碳酸钙13-15份,双组分防老剂1-1.5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超高分子量聚乙烯输送带,其特征在于所述覆盖胶的炼制方法包括以下步骤:在搅拌混合设备中,在90-110℃下,将各种物料按照TPB-石蜡-硬脂酸-双组份促进剂-氧化锌-防老剂-碳黑-轻质碳酸钙-二辛脂-硫磺的顺序依次加入,并搅拌混合均匀。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超高分子量聚乙烯输送带,其特征在于所述超高分子量聚乙烯采用直径编制结构的方法制成带芯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的超高分子量聚乙烯输送带,其特征在于所述双组份促进剂是噻唑类和秋兰姆类,噻唑类选自促进剂M或促进剂DM,秋兰姆类选自促进剂TMTD、促进剂TETD或促进剂DPTT;所述双组份促进剂优选是促进剂M和促进剂TMTD;所述双组份防老剂选自防老剂RD、防老剂4010NA、防老剂MB、防老剂DNP中任意两种;所述双组份防老剂优选是防老剂RD和防老剂4010NA。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的超高分子量聚乙烯输送带的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将带芯预热至110-120℃放入进口,同时把上一步中混合好的胶料填入双面挤出机及模具中进行动态硫化,硫化温度不高于130℃,硫化时间12-15分钟,使胶料包覆在超高分子量聚乙烯带芯上,挤出后冷却定型。
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