CN107127860A - 仿造木单板制品及其制造方法和仿造木装饰板 - Google Patents

仿造木单板制品及其制造方法和仿造木装饰板 Download PDF

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CN107127860A
CN107127860A CN201610855099.2A CN201610855099A CN107127860A CN 107127860 A CN107127860 A CN 107127860A CN 201610855099 A CN201610855099 A CN 201610855099A CN 107127860 A CN107127860 A CN 107127860A
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古斯塔沃·维莱斯
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Abstract

本发明公开一种仿造木单板制品、仿造木装饰板以及制作仿造木单板制品的方法。该仿造木单板制品包含纸质衬底和应用于该纸质衬底的一面的可压印木纤维材料。该可压印木纤维材料为该纸质衬底提供深度,并且允许该纸获得并保持经压印的木纹结构。一旦经过压印,该单板制品就印刷有仿造木纹图案,从而形成逼真的仿造单板制品,该仿造单板制品在本文中称为“粘合单板”。接着可以将该粘合单板制品粘附到结构木质板或复合木质板,例如MDF板,从而形成可以在家具制品构造中使用的仿造木质装饰板。

Description

仿造木单板制品及其制造方法和仿造木装饰板
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及供用于家具中的结构木制品和应用于结构木制品的木单板,并且更具体地说,涉及由纸质衬底和粘附到纸质衬底的可压印材料制成的仿造单板制品。
背景技术
因为木单板的外观看似实木,具有实木的所有纹理和结构,因此木单板对于由复合木质材料制成的制品是合乎需要的。当被应用于结构木制品或复合木制品时,木单板能提供稳定性和强度以及改良的美学外观。就森林可持续性和更低材料成本而言,也需要使用木单板。
仿造木单板制品还已成功减少家具制品的成本。在这方面,具有印刷木纹图案的纸质单板已经在市场上获得一定成功。然而,这些仿造的纸质单板制品不具有实木单板的深度和结构。
发明内容
因此,极需要发展能提高结构木质板的稳定性和强度、允许在标准纸质单板上的更深三维纹理图案、降低成本并提供森林可持续性的改良的仿造单板制品。
根据本发明的第一方面,提供一种仿造木单板制品,包括:纸质衬底,所述纸质衬底具有第一面和第二面;粘附剂,所述粘附剂覆盖所述纸质衬底的所述第二面;可压印材料层,所述可压印材料层覆盖所述粘附剂;木纹结构,所述木纹结构被压印至所述纸质衬底的所述第二面中;以及仿造木纹图案,所述仿造木纹图案被印刷到所述纸质衬底的经压印的所述第二面上。
优选地,所述纸质衬底是具有约0.3mm到约0.4mm的厚度的木浆纸制品。
优选地,所述粘附剂包括聚氨酯。
优选地,所述粘附剂包括聚氨酯。
优选地,纤维材料层是木纤维材料。
优选地,所述可压印材料包括MDF锯屑。
优选地,所述可压印材料是木纤维材料。
优选地,所述木纤维材料包括MDF锯屑。
优选地,所述可压印材料的厚度在约0.5mm到约0.7mm之间。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供一种仿造木装饰板,包括:木质板;以及仿造木单板制品,所述仿造木单板制品粘合到所述木质板的表面;所述仿造木单板制品包括,纸质衬底,所述纸质衬底具有第一面和第二面;粘附剂,所述粘附剂覆盖所述纸质衬底的所述第二面;可压印材料层,所述可压印材料层覆盖所述粘附剂;木纹结构,所述木纹结构被压印至所述纸质衬底的所述第二面中;以及仿造木纹图案,所述仿造木纹图案被印刷到所述纸质衬底的经压印的所述第二面上。
优选地,所述粘附剂包括聚氨酯。
优选地,所述可压印材料是木纤维材料。
优选地,所述木质板包括MDF,并且其中所述木纤维材料包括MDF锯屑。
根据本发明的第三方面,提供一种制作仿造木单板制品的方法,包括以下步骤:获得纸质衬底;将粘附剂涂覆到所述纸质衬底的背面上;将可压印材料应用到所述粘附剂上;烘干所述粘附剂和可压印材料以在所述衬底的所述背面上形成可压印材料层;将木纹结构压印到所述纸质衬底的正面上;以及将仿造木纹图案印刷到所述纸质衬底的经压印的所述正面上。本文中描述的单板制品通过提供仿造单板制品解决了现有技术的问题,该仿造单板制品包括纸质衬底和应用于纸质衬底的一面的可压印材料。可压印材料为纸质衬底提供深度,并且允许纸质衬底获得并保持经压印的木纹结构。一旦经过压印,单板制品就印刷有仿造木纹图案,从而形成非常逼真的仿造木单板制品,在本文中称为“粘合单板”。接着可以将粘合单板制品粘附到结构木质板或复合木质板,例如中密度纤维板(MDF)面板,从而形成可以在家具制品构造中使用的装饰板。
在一个实施例中,将木纹结构压印至粘合单板的纸质衬底面中并且还印刷在该纸质衬底面上。将可压印材料面胶合到木质板。
在另一个实施例中,将木纹结构压印至可压印材料面中并且还印刷在该可压印材料面上。在此实施例中,将纸质衬底面胶合到木质板。
附图说明
参考以下描述、所附权利要求书和附图将能更好地理解本发明的这些和其它特征、方面以及优点,在附图中:
图1是粘合单板制品的第一示例性实施例的图示;
图2是制作图1的粘合单板制品的方法的流程图;
图3是将图1的粘合单板制品应用于其一面上的结构木质板的图示;
图4是制作图3的粘合装饰板的方法的流程图;
图5是粘合单板制品的第二示例性实施例的图示;
图6是制作图5的粘合单板制品的方法的流程图;
图7是将图5的粘合单板制品应用于其一面上的结构木质板的图示;
图8是制作图7的粘合装饰板的方法的流程图。
图9是粘合单板材料的图示,示出经压印表面结构和仿造木纹印刷。
具体实施方式
参考图1,示出总体以100表示的粘合单板的第一示例性实施例。粘合单板制品100包含衬底112,该衬底优选地是纸质材料,但是也可以包括其它合适的衬底材料,包含但不限于聚合物或聚合物膜材料。衬底112涂布有粘附材料114和可压印材料116。
纸质衬底112优选地是以宽幅面卷筒形式供应的常规木浆纸质材料。纸的重量和亮度可以取决于具体的最终用途而不同,然而,纸的厚度优选地在0.3mm与0.4mm之间。
用于粘附材料114的合适的材料可以包含脲甲醛树脂(UF)、酚醛树脂(PF)、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF)、亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI)或聚氨酯(PU)树脂。可以使用其它粘附剂以适用于预期目的。
可压印材料116可选自包含软木和硬木的所有变化形式的各种木纤维材料。优选地,可压印材料是锯屑材料,其类似于在制作中密度纤维板(MDF)时所使用的木纤维材料。可压印材料116还可以选自例如竹纤维、大豆、玉米淀粉等其它可持续利用的材料,或其它对生态环境友好的材料。当粘附到纸质衬底112时,木纤维材料116为纸质衬底112提供仿造实木单板的经增加的厚度以及纹路。优选地,木纤维材料116以近似0.5mm到约0.7mm厚的厚度被应用。可以单独地应用木纤维材料116,或可以在应用于衬底116(现在示出)之前将木纤维材料预先混合到粘附剂114中。
参考图2,描述了制作粘合单板100的示例性方法。优选地,针对连续制造过程以卷筒形式供应纸质衬底112。纸质衬底112被馈送通过粘附剂涂布器装置(例如,热熔胶涂布器)以涂覆粘附层114,且接着通过纤维散布机,该纤维散布机将木纤维原料116(锯屑)均匀地分布到仍湿润的粘附剂114上。粘附剂114和可压印锯屑材料116的涂布厚度可以根据预期的最终用途的需要而不同。
随后,优选地使经涂布衬底112经过长烘箱以烘干粘附剂114并使纤维材料116凝固成完成的粘合单板制品100。接着将粘合单板100重新卷成拉紧卷筒以进行进一步处理。
虽然在流程图中未示出,但是如果需要更厚的单板材料的话,可以完成第二次涂覆粘附剂和可压印木纤维材料。
接着,用木纹结构118(见图9)(在纸质衬底面上)压印粘合单板制品100以仿造实木的外观和感觉。在具有一个平滑滚轮和具有凸起的木纹结构的第二滚轮的夹压卷筒压印装置中完成压印。当粘合单板经过夹持点时,将木纹结构118压印到粘合单板制品100中。粘附剂114和纤维锯屑材料116为纸质衬底112提供能够从压印滚轮中获得并保持逼真的木纹结构118的厚度和柔性。
在压印之后,可以将粘合单板再次卷成拉紧卷筒以用于后续印刷,或直接馈送至多段印刷组合件中以完成过程。多段印刷组合件连续地铺置颜料以在经压印衬底112上形成仿造木纹图案120。例如,可以使用六色印刷机印刷粘合单板100。印刷机的第一滚筒将向衬底涂覆底涂层。印刷机的第二到第六滚筒将向衬底涂覆不同颜料,这些颜料的组合提供经加工或天然木制品的印刷外观。可以更换颜料以改变印刷的色调和最终外观。当完成时,经压印和印刷的单板制品100的结构和外观均酷似实木单板。
现在参考图3和4,可以使用粘附剂220将粘合单板100应用到结构木质板218以形成粘合装饰板200。将粘合单板100应用到板218,其中纸质衬底面112朝上(仿造木纹背对着板218)。可以将粘合单板100应用到板218的一个或多个表面,包括边缘。从板218中修整掉多余的粘合单板100以形成经加工的粘合装饰板200,该加工的粘合装饰板接着可用来制作家具、架子以及先前已经用实木装饰板构造的其它制品。
用于结构木质板218的合适的材料可以是任何平坦的平面结构木质材料或复合木质材料,但是更具体地说,包括经改造的木质材料,例如胶合板、硬质纤维板、中密度纤维板(“MDF”)、碎木板等。
参考图5和6,示出总体以300表示的粘合单板制品的第二示例性实施例。粘合单板制品300包括与第一实施例100相同的层。具体地说,粘合单板制品300包括涂覆有粘附剂314的衬底312,并且可压印材料316应用于粘附剂314。可以单独地应用可压印材料316,或可以在应用于衬底316之前将可压印材料预先混合到粘附剂314中。
相比而言,在此实施例中,将仿造木纹图案浮雕并印刷到可压印材料316的暴露的背表面上。在这方面,可压印材料316提供外观酷似实木单板的外表面结构和外观。
类似第一实施例100,用于第二实施例300中的粘附剂314的合适的材料也包含脲甲醛树脂(UF)、酚醛树脂(PF)、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF)、亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI)或聚氨酯(PU)树脂。可以使用其它粘合剂。
参考图6,除以下例外之处,形成粘合单板300的过程步骤大体上与图2中示出的步骤相同。在使粘合单板300离开烘箱并被重新卷起之后,必须用砂纸打磨可压印材料316的背表面(外表面),以提供能够接受经压印纹理结构并且进一步接受经印刷木纹图案的平滑单板表面。因此,使已卷起的材料经过打磨机从而为背表面提供合适的抛光以用于进一步处理。随后,完成相同的压印和印刷步骤,唯一的区别是材料316获得经压印结构和经印刷图案。
参考图7和8,可以使用粘附剂420将粘合单板制品300应用到结构木质板或复合木质板418。将粘合单板300应用到板418,其中纸质衬底面316面向板418(材料316和仿造木纹结构背对着板418朝外)。可以将粘合单板300应用到板418的一个或多个表面,包含边缘。从板418中修整掉多余的粘合单板300以形成经加工的粘合装饰板400,该经加工的粘合装饰板接着可用来制作家具、架子以及先前已经用实木装饰板构造的其它制品。
类似第一实施例200,用于第二实施例400中的结构木质板418的合适的材料也包括经改造的木质材料,例如胶合板、硬质纤维板、中密度纤维板(“MDF”)、碎木板等。
可以将额外的涂层涂覆到可压印材料116面或纸质衬底112面,以便改进一个或多个特性,例如耐久性、模抑制、阻燃性、UV保护,或改进加工的外观,例如光泽或无光泽表面涂层。
因此可见,本发明提供一种新颖的粘合单板制品,该粘合单板制品对生态环境友好、稳定且坚固、低材料成本并使天然木材的使用减到最少。该粘合单板制品具有减少制造成本的另外的优点。
所属领域的技术人员将了解,在不脱离本发明的精神的情况下可以对所示出的实施例进行各种改变和修改。所有这种修改和改变既定在本发明的范围内,除通过所附权利要求书的范围限制外。

Claims (14)

1.一种仿造木单板制品,包括:
纸质衬底,所述纸质衬底具有第一面和第二面;
粘附剂,所述粘附剂覆盖所述纸质衬底的所述第二面;
可压印材料层,所述可压印材料层覆盖所述粘附剂;
木纹结构,所述木纹结构被压印至所述纸质衬底的所述第二面中;以及
仿造木纹图案,所述仿造木纹图案被印刷到所述纸质衬底的经压印的所述第二面上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的仿造木单板制品,其中,所述纸质衬底是具有约0.3mm到约0.4mm的厚度的木浆纸制品。
3.根据权利要求1所述的仿造木单板制品,其中,所述粘附剂包括聚氨酯。
4.根据权利要求2所述的仿造木单板制品,其中,所述粘附剂包括聚氨酯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的仿造木单板制品,其中,纤维材料层是木纤维材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的仿造木单板制品,其中,所述可压印材料包括MDF锯屑。
7.根据权利要求4所述的仿造木单板制品,其中,所述可压印材料是木纤维材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的仿造木单板制品,其中,所述木纤维材料包括MDF锯屑。
9.根据权利要求1所述的仿造木单板制品,其中,所述可压印材料的厚度在约0.5mm到约0.7mm之间。
10.一种仿造木装饰板,包括:
木质板;以及
仿造木单板制品,所述仿造木单板制品粘合到所述木质板的表面;
所述仿造木单板制品包括,
纸质衬底,所述纸质衬底具有第一面和第二面;
粘附剂,所述粘附剂覆盖所述纸质衬底的所述第二面;
可压印材料层,所述可压印材料层覆盖所述粘附剂;
木纹结构,所述木纹结构被压印至所述纸质衬底的所述第二面中;以及
仿造木纹图案,所述仿造木纹图案被印刷到所述纸质衬底的经压印的所述第二面上。
11.根据权利要求10所述的仿造木质装饰板,其中,所述粘附剂包括聚氨酯。
12.根据权利要求11所述的仿造木质装饰板,其中,所述可压印材料是木纤维材料。
13.根据权利要求12所述的仿造木质装饰板,其中,所述木质板包括MDF,并且其中所述木纤维材料包括MDF锯屑。
14.一种制作仿造木单板制品的方法,包括以下步骤:
获得纸质衬底;
将粘附剂涂覆到所述纸质衬底的背面上;
将可压印材料应用到所述粘附剂上;
烘干所述粘附剂和可压印材料以在所述衬底的所述背面上形成可压印材料层;
将木纹结构压印到所述纸质衬底的正面上;以及
将仿造木纹图案印刷到所述纸质衬底的经压印的所述正面上。
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