CN107124949A - A kind of fertilizing method of pepper - Google Patents

A kind of fertilizing method of pepper Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107124949A
CN107124949A CN201710307752.6A CN201710307752A CN107124949A CN 107124949 A CN107124949 A CN 107124949A CN 201710307752 A CN201710307752 A CN 201710307752A CN 107124949 A CN107124949 A CN 107124949A
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pepper
away
post
age
fertilizer
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CN107124949B (en
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王灿
李志刚
祖超
鱼欢
杨建峰
谭乐和
邬华松
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Spice and Beverage Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
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Spice and Beverage Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of fertilizing method of pepper.The fertilizing method is:The fertilizer placement of 1~2 age pepper be away from 30~40cm of post front direction at;The fertilizer placement of 3~5 age peppers is that away from locating at 50~70cm of post front direction and away from post rear to 10~20cm, it is 7 to apply fertilizer amount ratio:3;The fertilizer placement of 6~15 age peppers is that away from locating at 60~80cm of post front direction and away from post rear to 20~30cm, it is 7 to apply fertilizer amount ratio:3;The fertilizer placement of 15 pepper more than age is that away from locating at 40~50cm of post front direction and away from post rear to 20~30cm, it is 4 to apply fertilizer amount ratio:6.Present invention combination the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, rationally sets fertilizer placement and ratio, it is ensured that fertilization area and pepper root system sympatry, realizes the Space Coupling of liquid manure and root system, improves liquid manure utilization ratio, promotes pepper growth, improves production of peppers.

Description

A kind of fertilizing method of pepper
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of fertilizing method of pepper.
Background technology
Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is the ancient and famous spice in the world, enjoys the good reputation of " king of spices ".Except Outside for table-luxury, pepper still important corrosion-resistanting perfume in the food industry, medically can be used as stomach invigorating, diuretics and Respiratory tract agent, modern pharmaceutical, smoking cessation, drug rehabilitation and military affairs are also widely used for by the improved pepper products of bioengineering Deng field.Pepper purposes is wide, economic value is high, and average annual per mu yield value, up to more than 20,000 yuan, is hot-zone peasant programme in recent years One of Important Economic crop.
Hainan is China pepper main producing region, and its cultivated area accounts for more than the 90% of domestic total amount with yield.Due to plantation History is shorter, the management of current Hainan pepper still continue to use 60 years last century introduce a fine variety at the beginning of conventional management technology.Conventional management technology, Particularly water and fertilizer management belongs to high investment high yield exit pattern, for high yield, generally uses the big fertilizer of flood, and fertilising process work Intensity is big, is influenceed now with producer goods and the cost of labor factor such as sharp rise, traditional water and fertilizer management is hard to carry on, therefore Cause Hainan pepper garden pipe abandon phenomenon to be continuously increased, have a strong impact on industry sustainable development.
The Integration of Water into Fertilizer is will to irrigate the new agricultural technology combined together with fertilising.Usual way is by pressure system Unite (or landform natural-drop), by soluble solids or liquid fertilizer, by soil nutrient content and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of crop species And feature, the solution dissolved, then be crop water supply, fertilizer by controllable pipe-line system together with irrigation water.Meanwhile, liquid manure is supplied Position is answered also spatially to be coupled with crop root growth region so that apply liquid manure directly can absorb for crop root.Water Fertile integration is a kind of efficient, liquid manure Utilizing Resource Pattern of saving of labor, has at home and abroad been used on many crops.
At present, the Integration of Water into Fertilizer of pepper is that 10-15cm sets 1 water dropper to supply liquid manure outside pepper hat width, this The method for empirically determining fertilizer placement is planted, liquid manure application position is easily caused and pepper root ties up to and spatially fails abundant coupling Close, liquid manure utilization ratio also has the space further improved.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of fertilizing method of pepper.The fertilizing method can effectively improve liquid manure utilization Efficiency.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of fertilizing method of pepper, liquid manure is applied by the way of drip irrigation, the fertilizing method is:
The fertilizer placement of 1~2 age pepper be away from 30~40cm of post front direction at;
The fertilizer placement of 3~5 age peppers be away from 50~70cm of post front direction and away from post rear at 10~20cm, away from post Dose at 50~70cm of front direction with away from post rear to the mass ratio of the dose 10~20cm at be (7:3)~(10: 0);
The fertilizer placement of 6~15 age peppers be away from 60~80cm of post front direction and away from post rear at 20~30cm, away from Dose at 60~80cm of post front direction with away from post rear to the mass ratio of the dose 20~30cm at be (7:3)~(10: 0);
The fertilizer placement of 15 pepper more than age be away from 40~50cm of post front direction and away from post rear at 20~30cm, Away from the dose at 40~50cm of post front direction with away from mass ratio from post rear to the dose 20~30cm at be (4:6)~ (7:3)。
The present invention proposes optimum position and the applicating ratio of pepper liquid manure administration, passes through different pepper age of tree root systems and dynamically divides Cloth is studied, and liquid manure application position is tied up to from different age of tree pepper roots spatially can fully couple, so as to improve production of peppers and water Fertile resource utilization ratio.
Preferably, the fertilizer placement of 1~2 age pepper be away from post front direction 40cm at.
Preferably, the fertilizer placement of 3~5 age peppers be away from post front direction 60cm and away from post rear at 15cm, away from Dose at post front direction 60cm with away from post rear to the mass ratio of the dose at 15cm be 7:3.
Preferably, the fertilizer placement of 6~15 age peppers be away from post front direction 70cm and away from post rear at 25cm, away from Dose at post front direction 70cm with away from post rear to the mass ratio of the dose at 25cm be 7:3.
Preferably, the fertilizer placement of 15 pepper more than age be away from post front direction 45cm and away from post rear to 25cm Place, away from dose post front direction 45cm at away from mass ratio from post rear to the dose at 25cm be 4:6.
Preferably, the depth of fertilising is away from 0~30cm of ground.
Preferably, the period of fertilising is annual August, September, December and April next year.
In some embodiments that the present invention is provided, the fertilizer in liquid manure is sodium nitrate, but the present invention is not limited to this, The fertilizer of those skilled in the art's accreditation is within protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of fertilizing method of pepper.The fertilizing method applies liquid manure by the way of drip irrigation, and this is applied Fertile method is:The fertilizer placement of 1~2 age pepper be away from 30~40cm of post front direction at;The fertilizer placement of 3~5 age peppers be away from To at 10~20cm at 50~70cm of post front direction and away from post rear, away from the dose at 50~70cm of post front direction with away from post after The mass ratio of dose at 10~20cm of direction is (7:3)~(10:0);The fertilizer placement of 6~15 age peppers is away from front of post To at 20~30cm to 60~80cm and away from post rear, away from the dose at 60~80cm of post front direction with away from post rear to 20 The mass ratio of dose at~30cm is (7:3)~(10:0);The fertilizer placement of 15 pepper more than age is away from post front direction To at 20~30cm at 40~50cm and away from post rear, away from the dose at 40~50cm of post front direction with away from post rear to 20~ The mass ratio of dose at 30cm is (4:6)~(7:3).The present invention has the following technical effect that:
(1) the pepper liquid manure application program in fertilizing method proposed by the present invention suitable different age of tree stages;
(2) present invention combination the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, rationally sets fertilizer placement and ratio, it is ensured that fertilization area and pepper root It is sympatry, realizes the Space Coupling of liquid manure and root system, improve liquid manure utilization ratio, promote the growth of pepper, improves recklessly The yield of green pepper;
(3) present invention proposes clearly corresponding fertilization depth and fertilization time, it is to avoid the fertilizer elution that excessive fertilization is caused Go out root layer and cause environmental pollution;
(4) present invention formulates for the control measures such as pepper liquid manure application strategies and the setting of water-fertilizer integral water dropper and provides theory Instruct and technical support.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 peppers plant strain growth and related direction schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 pepper plant root horizontal distribution schematic diagrames;
Fig. 3 pepper plant root vertical distribution schematic diagrames;
Fig. 4 shows 1~2 age pepper fertilizer placement schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 shows 3~5 age pepper fertilizer placement schematic diagrames;
Fig. 6 shows 6~15 age pepper fertilizer placement schematic diagrames;
Fig. 7 shows 15 pepper fertilizer placement schematic diagrames more than age;
Fig. 8 shows traditional fertilization position;
Fig. 9 Different Fertilizations ratio before and after the processing in fertilization area 0-60cm soil layers available nitrogen total amount with sample time change;
Day by day rainfall and accumulated rainfall after Figure 10 fertilisings.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of fertilizing method of pepper, those skilled in the art can use for reference present disclosure, suitably change Enter technological parameter realization.In particular, all similar replacements and change be aobvious for a person skilled in the art And be clear to, they are considered as being included in the present invention.The method of the present invention and application are carried out by preferred embodiment Description, related personnel can substantially not depart from present invention, method described herein and application carried out in spirit and scope Change or suitably change with combining, to realize and apply the technology of the present invention.
Center pillar front direction of the present invention refers to the direction of pepper post planting seedlings side, and post rear is to referring to that pepper post is not colonized Seedling side direction, with post front direction just on the contrary, referring specifically to Fig. 1.
Fertilizer or facility used can be bought by market in the fertilizing method for the pepper that the present invention is provided.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further:
Embodiment 1
1~2 age pepper liquid manure application position 30~40cm immediately ahead of pepper stone column, and to induce root system to outgrowth, With optimum at the 40cm of front, fertilization depth is 0-30cm.
3~5 age pepper liquid manure application positions immediately ahead of pepper stone column 50~70cm and pepper stone column dead astern 10~ At 20cm, Application Ratio is 7:3, fertilization depth is 0-30cm.
6~15 age pepper liquid manure application positions immediately ahead of pepper stone column 60~80cm and pepper stone column dead astern 20~ At 30cm, and according to Root Distribution quantity, Application Ratio is 7:3, fertilization depth is 0-30cm.
15 age above pepper liquid manure application positions immediately ahead of pepper stone column 40~50cm and pepper stone column dead astern 20 At~30cm, and according to Root Distribution quantity, Application Ratio is 4:6, fertilization depth is 0-30cm.
The Root Distribution of test example 1 is analyzed
The test example is analyzed the Root Distribution of the pepper plant of the different age of trees, and the liquid manure of checking embodiment 1 is applied Enter the reasonability of position.Method is bored using root, 1.5,3.0,6.0,15 are acquired more than age 4 with 30cm × 30cm sampling density The root system of different planting period pepper, divides after coming out, and with WinRHIZO software quantitative analyses, utilizes GS+ analyze datas, obtains Spatial distribution map, as a result as shown in Figure 2,3, wherein, Fig. 2 is 1.5 ages, 3.0 ages, 6~15 ages and 15 age pepper plant root water Flat distribution schematic diagram, Fig. 3 is 1.5 ages, 3.0 ages, 6 ages and 15 age pepper plant root vertical distribution schematic diagrames.
According to 1.5 age pepper root system horizontal distribution features (see accompanying drawing 2A and accompanying drawing 3A), the age of tree pepper root ties up to pepper Distribution is the most intensive when immediately ahead of stone column at 30cm, and is progressively to subtract to surrounding in 60cm circle to radius as the center of circle It is few;In vertical direction, now root system is most deep has reached that more than 60cm, but 90% root system is still concentrated in 0-30cm soil layers.Therefore, The age of tree pepper liquid manure application position 30~40cm (Fig. 4) immediately ahead of pepper strain, fertilization depth 0-30cm, liquid manure applies position Tie up to and spatially can fully couple with 1.5 age pepper roots, liquid manure efficiency can be improved.
At 3.0 age (see accompanying drawing 2B and accompanying drawing 3B), in the horizontal direction, pepper root growth center of gravity progressively from pepper post just Shifted at the 30cm of front to before and after it, respectively immediately ahead of the strain of pepper stone 60cm places with intensive point at pepper stone column dead astern 10cm Cloth, forms oval Root Distribution;In vertical direction, root system bosom concentrates on 0-30cm soil in more than 60cm, 90% root systems In layer.This age of tree pepper liquid manure application position 50~70cm and 10~20cm in pepper stone column dead astern immediately ahead of pepper stone column Locate (Fig. 5), and according to Root Distribution quantity, Application Ratio is 7:3, fertilization depth 0-30cm, liquid manure apply position and 3.0 ages Hu Green pepper root system spatially can be coupled fully, can improve liquid manure efficiency.
6 age peppers is abound with the phase, and now pepper root system is the most flourishing (see accompanying drawing 2C and accompanying drawing 3C), in the horizontal direction, 100cm is distributed to the position of 70cm after post before pepper post, and Root Distribution is intensive at 30~60cm before post;In Vertical Square To root system is most deep to reach 80-90cm, but most root systems are still distributed in 0-30cm soil layers.This age of tree pepper liquid manure applies position Put immediately ahead of pepper stone column at the 60~80cm and 20~30cm in pepper stone column dead astern (Fig. 6), and according to Root Distribution number Amount, Application Ratio is 7:3, fertilization depth 0-30cm, liquid manure application position is tied up to 6 age pepper roots spatially can fully couple, Liquid manure efficiency can be improved.
15 age pepper root system organic centre generation significant changes (see accompanying drawing 2D and accompanying drawing 3D), in the horizontal direction, now recklessly Root system progressively aging death before green pepper head, and as pepper root system dense distribution area, wherein pepper post (i.e. after stone column) after pepper head It is pepper Root Distribution concentration zones at 0~30cm afterwards;In vertical direction, root system is progressively assembled to earth's surface, the most deep 60cm of root system, greatly Most root systems are still distributed in 0-30cm soil layers.This age of tree pepper liquid manure application position 40~50cm and Hu immediately ahead of pepper stone column At the 20~30cm in green pepper stone column dead astern (Fig. 7), and according to Root Distribution quantity, Application Ratio is 4:6, fertilization depth 0- 30cm, liquid manure application position is tied up to 15 age pepper roots spatially can fully couple, and can improve liquid manure efficiency.
The processing contrast of test example 2 8~10 age pepper Different Fertilization ratio
(i) comparison that available nitrogen total amount is changed over time in Different Fertilization ratio processing 0-60cm soil layers
3kg sodium nitrate is dissolved in the liquid manure total amount as each processing pepper after 50L water, by drip irrigation system to 8-10 ages Pepper is applied fertilizer, Root Distribution in 2C with reference to the accompanying drawings, and fertilizer placement is defined as into 70cm and pepper stone column dead astern before pepper post At 25cm, the dose ratio point 10 of fertilizer placement before and after post:0、7:3 and 5:5 totally 3 kinds of processing.Each fertilizer treatment has 3 Repeat, each repeat 10 plants of peppers.Fertilizer apply after, respectively at the 1st day after fertilising (August 26 days), the 20th day (September 15 days) and 35 days (September 30 days), is taken at front and rear fertilizer placement with earth boring auger at 0-20cm, 20-40cm and 40-60cm soil, each fertilising Reason takes 3 repetitions.Fetch after soil sample is air-dried in laboratory and determine corresponding alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content, as 0-60cm after three is summed Available nitrogen total amount in soil layer.
Result of the test:As shown in Figure 9, increase over time after fertilising, the 0-60cm soil layers of 3 kinds of Different Fertilization ratio processing Available nitrogen total amount is on a declining curve, and this is due to occur rainfall (Figure 10) after applying fertilizer, and wherein August adds up on the 15th to September on the 26th Rainfall is 23.2mm, and September 15 days to September accumulated rainfall on the 30th is 35.6mm, rainfall enter soil it is backward under infiltrate, cause Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen leaves pepper root layer therewith eluting in 0-60cm soil layers.But nutrient loss degree is different between 3 processing, wherein 10:The 0 processing alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen extent of damage is maximum, and to the daily loss 34.9% of September 15, September 15th 30th was then August to September on 26th 18.9%;Secondly it is 7:3 processing, lose 33.1% and 18.6% respectively;5:5 treatment losses are minimum, respectively 32.6% He 17.8%.10:0 treatment loss is maximum, and mainly fertilising concentrates on 1 position, and now fertilizer sowing amount is more than soil fixing and supported The maximum of point ability, when there is precipitation interim, nutrient is easily with oozing loss in soil under moisture.Same principle, is applied at 70%, Nutrient loss amount also much larger than 50% and 30% at.
Result above shows, as fertilization time increases, 5:5 processing 0-60cm soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogens contents are maintained most all the time Height, and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content remains 1 in front and rear fertilizer placement:1 ratio;7:3 processing 0-60cm soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogens contain Amount is taken second place, and 10:0 processing fall is maximum, and soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is minimum.
(ii) blade total nitrogen content, SPAD values and photosynthetic rate change are compared between the processing of Different Fertilization ratio
Processing sets identical with (i) with fertilising step, at the same with fertilizer placement in traditional scheme (hat width is outside at 10cm, Before pepper post at 90cm, reference picture 8) it is used as control.Respectively at the 1st day after fertilising (August 26 days), the 20th day (September 15 days) Each processing blade SPAD values, photosynthetic rate are determined respectively with 35 days (September 30 days), and each processing takes 8~9 plants of pepper blades, band Return and blade total nitrogen content is determined behind laboratory.It the results are shown in Table 1:
The different fertilization plant leaf total nitrogen content value of table 1, which is changed over time, compares (unit:mg/kg)
As shown in Table 1, the 1st day after fertilising (August 26 days), shorter due to applying the time, pepper does not fully absorb also and applied Enter blade total nitrogen content between nitrogenous fertilizer, different disposal to be more or less the same, wherein 7:3 processing LTN contents are higher than 10:0 processing, but The two not up to significant difference, but be all remarkably higher than 5:5 processing and traditional scheme processing;It is different at the 20th day (September 15 days) Blade total nitrogen content reaches significant difference, 7 between any two between processing:3 processing > 10:0 processing > 5:5 processing > tradition sides Case processing;When 30th day (September 30 days), blade total nitrogen content has declined, but total nitrogen content is still shown as between different disposal 7:3 processing > 10:0 processing > 5:5 processing > traditional scheme processing, and difference reaches the level of signifiance.
Result above shows, under identical dose, and dose is 7 before and after post:When 3, inhaled most beneficial for nutrient by pepper Receive, so that showing as blade total nitrogen content is consistently higher than other 3 processing;Secondly it is 10:0 processing;And 5:5 processing pepper blades Total nitrogen content is in floor level all the time, is unfavorable for nutrient and is absorbed by pepper;Although and traditional fertilization processing fertilizer applies ratio With 10:0 processing is identical, but because fertilizer placement is outer, pepper Root Distribution is relatively fewer, thus is also unfavorable for Nutrient Absorption.
The different fertilization plant leaf SPAD values of table 2, which are changed over time, to be compared
SPAD values characterize the chlorophyll content in plant leaf blade.The Leaf SPAD values of table 2 are changed over time and the middle period of table 1 The change of piece total nitrogen content is similar, and dose is 7 before and after this shows post:When 3, chlorophyll content in leaf blades can be effectively improved, so that Improve the potential ability of leaf photosynthesis;Secondly it is respectively 10:0 processing, 5:5 processing and traditional scheme processing.
The different fertilization plant leaf photosynthetic rate of table 3, which is changed over time, to be compared
(unit:μmol CO2·m-2s-1)
Photosynthetic Rate change is similar to total nitrogen content, SPAD values between different disposal in table 3, shows dose before and after post For 7:3, leave photosynthetic ability can be effectively facilitated, is secondly 10:0 processing, 5:5 processing and traditional scheme processing.
Knowable to comprehensive (i), (ii) result, although 5:Quick-acting nitrogen content highests in 0-60cm soil in 5 processing, but due to not Match with the true distribution situation of pepper root system, thus most of application nutrient (mainly nutrient after pepper post) can not be by recklessly Green pepper absorbs, therefore its blade total nitrogen content, SPAD values and photosynthetic rate do not increase therewith;And 7:3 processing nutrients are applied recklessly Ratio before and after green pepper post best suits Root Distribution rule, therefore blade total nitrogen content, SPAD values and photosynthetic rate highest, is secondly 10:0 processing;Although traditional scheme handles Application Ratio and 10:0 processing is identical, but because fertilizer placement is outer, pepper root system point Cloth is relatively fewer, thus apply nutrient can not fully be absorbed by crops.
Test example 3 1.5 age pepper Different Fertilization ratio handles blade SPAD values and photosynthetic rate contrast
3kg sodium nitrate is dissolved in after 50L water, applied fertilizer by drip irrigation system to 1.5 age peppers, with reference to the accompanying drawings root system point in 2A Cloth, fertilizer placement is defined as before pepper post at 40cm, and with fertilizer placement in traditional scheme (at the outer 10cm of hat width, in pepper Before post at 60cm) it is used as control.Each fertilizer treatment has 3 repetitions, each repeats 10 plants of peppers.After fertilizer is applied, respectively In the 1st day after fertilising (August 26 days), the 20th day (September 15 days) and 35 days (September 30 days), each processing blade SPAD values, light are determined Close speed.
The Different Fertilization position of table 4 processing plant leaf SPAD values, which are changed over time, to be compared
In table 4 situation is changed over time for 1.5 age pepper blade SPAD values.As seen from the table, prioritization scheme Leaf SPAD values were at the 20th day and were all remarkably higher than within the 35th day the plant leaf SPAD values of traditional scheme, showed that prioritization scheme is promoted recklessly Green pepper is to nitrogen fertilizer absorption, and this has differences relevant with the two fertilizer placement.Fertilizer placement correspondence root quantity is long-range in prioritization scheme In the root quantity of former schema location, nutrient is applied with pepper Root Distribution in the presence of more coupling, is conducive to Nutrient Absorption.
The Different Fertilization position of table 5 processing plant leaf photosynthetic rate, which is changed over time, to be compared
(unit:μmol CO2·m-2s-1)
1.5 age pepper Photosynthetic Rate situations of change are identical with SPAD value changes in table 4 in table 5.The prioritization scheme middle period Piece photosynthetic rate value was all remarkably higher than former scheme at the 20th day and the 35th day, further demonstrate fertilizer placement in prioritization scheme It is set with beneficial to pepper Nutrient Absorption.
Test example 44 age pepper Different Fertilization ratio handles blade SPAD values and photosynthetic rate contrast
3kg sodium nitrate is dissolved in after 50L water, applied fertilizer by drip irrigation system to 4 age peppers, with reference to the accompanying drawings root system point in 2B Cloth, fertilizer placement is defined as immediately ahead of pepper post at the 60cm and 15cm in pepper post dead astern.Fertilizer placement applies before and after post Fertilizer amount ratio point 10:0、7:3 and 5:5 totally 3 kinds of processing.Simultaneously with fertilizer placement in traditional scheme (at the outer 10cm of hat width, in pepper Before post at 80cm) it is used as control.Each fertilizer treatment has 3 repetitions, each repeats 10 plants of peppers.After fertilizer is applied, respectively In the 1st day after fertilising (August 26 days), the 20th day (September 15 days) and 35 days (September 30 days), each processing blade SPAD values, light are determined Close speed.
The different fertilization plant leaf SPAD values of table 6, which are changed over time, to be compared
Changed over time in table 6 for 4 age pepper blade SPAD values.As seen from the table, under identical fertilizer placement, 7:At 3 The SPAD values of reason were all remarkably higher than other processing at the 20th day and the 35th day, were secondly 10:0 processing and 5:5 processing;Traditional scheme Fertilizer placement is with respect to 10:0 processing it is outer, although thus Application Ratio is identical, its blade SPAD values are also relatively minimum.Therefore, 7:3 Processing is most beneficial for 4 age pepper Nutrient Absorptions, so as to improve blade SPAD values.
The different fertilization plant leaf photosynthetic rate of table 7, which is changed over time, to be compared
(unit:μmol CO2·m-2s-1)
It is 4 age pepper Photosynthetic Rate value changes situations in table 7, it is basically identical with SPAD value changes in table 6.7:At 3 The photosynthetic rate value of reason was all remarkably higher than other processing at the 20th day and the 35th day, was secondly 10:0 processing, 5:5 processing and tradition Scheme processing.
Blade SPAD values and photosynthetic rate compare between the processing of test example 5 18~20 age Different Fertilization ratio
3kg sodium nitrate is dissolved in after 50L water, applied fertilizer by drip irrigation system to 18~20 age peppers, with reference to the accompanying drawings root in 2D System's distribution, fertilizer placement is defined as immediately ahead of pepper post at the 45cm and 25cm in pepper post dead astern.Fertilizer placement before and after post Dose ratio point 10:0、7:3 and 4:6 totally 3 kinds of processing.Simultaneously with fertilizer placement in traditional scheme (at the outer 10cm of hat width, Immediately ahead of pepper post at 90cm) it is used as control.Each fertilizer treatment has 3 repetitions, each repeats 10 plants of peppers.Fertilizer is applied Afterwards, respectively at the 1st day after fertilising (August 26 days), the 20th day (September 15 days) and 35 days (September 30 days), each processing blade is determined SPAD values, photosynthetic rate.
The different fertilization plant leaf SPAD values of table 8, which are changed over time, to be compared
Changed over time in table 8 for 18~20 age pepper blade SPAD values.Different from other age of tree peppers, 18~20 ages are recklessly 4 in green pepper:6 processing SPAD values were all remarkably higher than other processing at the 20th day and the 35th day, were secondly 7:3 processing, 10:0 processing and Traditional scheme processing.The reason for causing this difference is transferred to after pepper post with aged pepper Root Distribution center of gravity before pepper post It is relevant, 4:6 are handled so that application fertilizer is at utmost coupled with the age of tree pepper Root Distribution, so as to be inhaled most beneficial for nutrient Receive, improve blade SPAD values.
The different fertilization plant leaf photosynthetic rate of table 9, which is changed over time, to be compared
(unit:μmol CO2·m-2s-1)
It is 18~20 age pepper Photosynthetic Rate value changes situations in table 9, it is basically identical with SPAD value changes in table 8. 4:The photosynthetic rate value of 6 processing was all remarkably higher than other processing at the 20th day and the 35th day, was secondly 7:3 processing, 10:0 processing With traditional scheme processing.The above results further demonstrate 4:6 Application Ratio is more beneficial for 18~20 age pepper Nutrient Absorptions.
The processing contrast of test example 6 8~10 age pepper Different Fertilization position
3kg sodium nitrate is dissolved in after 50L water, applied fertilizer by drip irrigation system to 8-10 ages pepper, is pepper by fertilizer placement Conduct handles the dose ratio 7 of fertilizer placement before and after 1, post at the 70cm and 25cm in pepper stone column dead astern before post:3.Simultaneously As control treatment at the 60cm and 15cm in pepper stone column dead astern before being pepper post using fertilizer placement, Application Ratio before and after post For 7:3.Each fertilizer treatment has 3 repetitions, each repeats 10 plants of peppers.After fertilizer is applied, respectively at the 1st day (8 after fertilising Months 26 days), the 20th day (September 15 days) and 35 days (September 30 days) determine each processing blade SPAD values, photosynthetic rate respectively, each Processing takes 8~9 plants of pepper blades, takes back measure blade total nitrogen content behind laboratory.
The Different Fertilization position of table 10 processing plant leaf total nitrogen content value, which is changed over time, to be compared (mg/kg)
As shown in Table 10, the 20th day blade total nitrogen content concentration is significantly higher than control treatment, other samplings after fertilizer is applied Time also shows as processing 1 and is higher than control treatment, and difference is not up to the level of signifiance, although these results indicate that 2 processing Hus Application Ratio is identical before and after green pepper post, but fertilizer placement is more beneficial for pepper Nutrient Absorption in processing 1.
The Different Fertilization position of table 11 processing plant leaf SPAD values, which are changed over time, to be compared
Table 11 is blade SPAD values with fertilization time situation of change.In table, blade SPAD value changes trend and leaf The change of piece total nitrogen content is consistent, and the fertilizer placement of further verification process 1 is conducive to pepper Nutrient Absorption.
The Different Fertilization position of table 12 processing plant leaf photosynthetic rate, which is changed over time, to be compared
(unit:μmol CO2·m-2s-1)
In table 12 for Photosynthetic Rate with fertilization time situation of change.Result shows in table, and 1 plant leaf of processing is photosynthetic Speed is above control treatment in the 20th day and the 35th day after fertilizer application, so as to be conducive to assimilation products to produce, promotes yield Formed.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of fertilizing method of pepper, it is characterised in that liquid manure is applied by the way of drip irrigation, the fertilizing method is:
The fertilizer placement of 1~2 age pepper be away from 30~40cm of post front direction at;
The fertilizer placement of 3~5 age peppers be away from 50~70cm of post front direction and away from post rear at 10~20cm, it is described away from post Dose at 50~70cm of front direction with it is described away from post rear to the mass ratio of the dose 10~20cm at be (7:3)~ (10:0);
The fertilizer placement of 6~15 age peppers be away from 60~80cm of post front direction and away from post rear at 20~30cm, it is described away from Dose at 60~80cm of post front direction with it is described away from post rear to the mass ratio of the dose 20~30cm at be (7:3)~ (10:0);
The fertilizer placement of 15 pepper more than age be away from 40~50cm of post front direction and away from post rear at 20~30cm, it is described Away from the dose at 40~50cm of post front direction with it is described away from mass ratio from post rear to the dose 20~30cm at be (4:6) ~(7:3).
2. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fertilizer placement of 1~2 age pepper be away from post before At the 40cm of direction.
3. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fertilizer placement of 3~5 age pepper be away from post before To at 15cm at the 60cm of direction and away from post rear, the dose away from post front direction 60cm with it is described away from post rear to 15cm The mass ratio of the dose at place is 7:3.
4. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fertilizer placement of 6~15 age pepper is away from post To at 25cm at front direction 70cm and away from post rear, the dose away from post front direction 70cm with it is described away from post rear to The mass ratio of dose at 25cm is 7:3.
5. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fertilizer placement of described 15 pepper more than age be away from To at 25cm at post front direction 45cm and away from post rear, the dose away from post front direction 45cm with it is described away from post rear to The mass ratio of dose at 25cm is 4:6.
6. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the depth of the fertilising is away from 0~30cm of ground.
7. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the period of the fertilising is annual August, September, December With April next year.
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