CN107078042B - 表面保护用片材 - Google Patents

表面保护用片材 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107078042B
CN107078042B CN201580055315.9A CN201580055315A CN107078042B CN 107078042 B CN107078042 B CN 107078042B CN 201580055315 A CN201580055315 A CN 201580055315A CN 107078042 B CN107078042 B CN 107078042B
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China
Prior art keywords
curable resin
meth
coating layer
wafer
sheet
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CN201580055315.9A
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CN107078042A (zh
Inventor
田村和幸
奥地茂人
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Lintec Corp
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Lintec Corp
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Abstract

本发明提供一种可抑制片材剥离后的晶圆弯曲,具有充分的抗静电性能的表面保护用片材。本发明的表面保护用片材,在进行表面形成有电路的半导体晶圆的背面研磨时使用,其中,该表面保护用片材具有:基材,其由抗静电涂层及支撑膜所构成,所述抗静电涂层含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的固化物;及粘着剂层。在延展10%时经过1分钟后的基材的应力松弛率为60%以上,基材的杨氏模量为100~2000MPa。

Description

表面保护用片材
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在表面形成有电路的半导体晶圆的背面研磨时被暂粘在该晶圆表面、为了保护电路图案而使用的表面保护用片材。
背景技术
近年来,随着电子仪器的小型化、高集成化,作为其构成构件的半导体晶片的薄型化正在发展。因此,要求将以往350μm左右的厚度的晶圆薄化成50~100μm或其以下。
以往以来,在半导体晶圆表面形成电路图案之后,将晶圆背面研磨。此时,在电路面粘贴被称为表面保护用片材的粘着片材,进行电路面的保护及晶圆的固定,而进行背面研磨。研磨时,为了去除产生的研磨屑及热,通常将水喷雾在晶圆的研磨面。
以往,对于表面保护用片材,使用在基材上涂敷粘着剂而成的粘着片材。在专利文献1中,通过使用应力松弛率高的表面保护用片材,防止晶圆在背面研磨后的弯曲。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2000-150432号公报
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题
但是,若使用专利文献1的表面保护用片材进行晶圆的背面研磨,则在将保护用片材从晶圆上剥离时,因剥离带电而产生静电,而存在对形成在晶圆表面的电路造成损伤的情况。近年来,形成在晶圆表面的电路,由于布线微细化而高密度化,因此,因剥离带电所产生的静电尤其成为问题。
作为防止如上所述的由剥离带电造成的静电的方法,考虑在表面保护用片材上形成抗静电涂层。但是,现状为不能得到充分的抗静电性能。
本发明的目的在于,提供一种可抑制片材剥离后的晶圆弯曲,具有充分的抗静电性能的表面保护用片材。
解决技术问题的技术手段
用于解决上述课题的本发明,包含以下的要点。
[1]一种表面保护用片材,其在进行表面形成有电路的半导体晶圆的背面研磨时使用,其中,
该表面保护用片材具有:基材,其由抗静电涂层及支撑膜所构成,所述抗静电涂层含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的固化物;及粘着剂层,
在延展10%时经过1分钟后基材的应力松弛率为60%以上,
基材的杨氏模量为100~2000MPa。
[2]根据[1]所述的表面保护用片材,其中,相对于固化性树脂(A)的固化物100质量份,抗静电涂层含有150~600质量份的无机导电性填料。
[3]根据[1]或[2]所述的表面保护用片材,其中,支撑膜含有固化性树脂(B)的固化物。
[4]根据[3]所述的表面保护用片材,其中,固化性树脂(B)为能量线固化型含聚氨酯树脂。
[5]一种表面保护用片材的制造方法,其中,该方法具有:
将含有固化性树脂(B)的掺合物涂布于工序片材,进行预固化,以形成预固化层的工序;
将含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的掺合物涂布于预固化层,以形成涂膜层的工序;及
使预固化层与涂膜层固化,以形成基材的工序。
发明效果
根据本发明的表面保护用片材,可抑制片材剥离后的晶圆弯曲,且抑制因剥离带电而产生静电,防止晶圆电路因静电而损伤。
附图说明
图1为将本发明的表面保护用片材粘贴于半导体晶圆的状态的剖面图。
图2表示半导体晶圆的电路形成面的俯视图。
具体实施方式
以下,对于本发明及其最佳方式进行具体说明。如图1所示,本发明的表面保护用片材10,在进行表面形成有电路12的半导体晶圆11的背面研磨时使用,其具有:基材5,其由抗静电涂层1及支撑膜2所构成,所述抗静电涂层1含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的固化物;及粘着剂层3,在延展10%时经过1分钟后基材的应力松弛率为60%以上,基材的杨氏模量为100~2000MPa。
[基材]
被使用于本发明的表面保护用片材的基材,由抗静电涂层与支撑膜所构成。在以下中,依次说明抗静电涂层、支撑膜。
(抗静电涂层)
抗静电涂层以覆盖后述的支撑膜的单面或两面的方式而被形成。通过设置抗静电涂层,在将本发明的表面保护用片材从被粘物(例如半导体晶圆或半导体晶片等)上剥离时,可有效地使剥离带电所产生的静电扩散,提升抗静电性能。抗静电涂层含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的固化物,可由使含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的掺合物固化的方法而得到。
无机导电性填料,并无特别限定,可举例如Cu、Al、Ni、Sn、Zn等金属粉末等的金属填料;或氧化锌类、氧化钛类、氧化锡类、氧化铟类、氧化锑类等的金属氧化物填料。其中,从相对较廉价、且具有通用性方面考虑,优选氧化锡类的金属氧化物填料。作为氧化锡类的金属氧化物填料,具体可使用锑掺杂氧化锡(ATO)、磷掺杂氧化锡(PTO)等。
无机导电性填料的平均粒径,并无特别限定,优选为0.01~1μm,更优选为0.02~0.5μm。平均粒径是通过粒度分布测定装置(Nikkiso Co.,Ltd.制造的Microtrack UPA-150)测定的值。
抗静电涂层,相对于固化性树脂(A)的固化物100质量份,优选含有150~600质量份、更优选含有200~600质量份、特别优选含有220~600质量份的无机导电性填料。此外,通常固化前的固化性树脂(A)与无机导电性填料的掺合量比,与固化性树脂(A)的固化物与无机导电性填料的掺合量比实质上没有差别。因此,在本发明中,将固化前的固化性树脂(A)及无机导电性填料的掺合量比,视为固化性树脂(A)的固化物及无机导电性填料的掺合量比。通过使抗静电涂层中的无机导电性填料的含量在上述范围,可显现优异的抗静电性能,此外,在加工半导体晶圆的工序中,可防止抗静电涂层产生裂纹,其结果,可更有效地抑制抗静电性能的降低。
固化性树脂(A)并无特别限定,可使用能量线固化型树脂、热固化型树脂等,优选使用能量线固化型树脂。
能量线固化型树脂并无特别限定,例如优选使用以能量线聚合性的聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物、或环氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物等寡聚物类能量线固化型树脂作为主剂的树脂组成物。聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物或环氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的重均分子量Mw(指由凝胶渗透层析得到的换算成聚苯乙烯的值),通常为1000~70000左右,优选为1500~60000的范围。上述聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物或环氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物,可以单独使用一种,或者二种以上组合使用。
若增大寡聚物类能量线固化型树脂在能量线固化型树脂中的含量,则有降低与后述的支撑膜的贴附性的情况。为提升与支撑膜的贴附性,也可在固化性树脂(A)的成分中添加粘合剂成分。作为该粘合剂成分,可列举出丙烯酸树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂等。
此外,能量线固化型树脂也可以是在侧链具有能量线固化性官能团的聚合物。如果使用该聚合物作为能量线固化型树脂,则可提高与支撑膜的贴附性而不会降低交联密度。作为这样的聚合物,可使用例如:主链为丙烯酸聚合物、在侧链具有能量线固化性双键或环氧基作为官能团的聚合物。
通过在能量线固化型树脂中混入光聚合引发剂,可减少进行能量线照射的聚合固化时间及照射量。作为光聚合引发剂,可列举出安息香化合物、苯乙酮化合物、酰基氧化膦化合物、二茂钛化合物、噻吨酮化合物、过氧化物等光聚合引发剂;胺或醌等光敏剂等,具体可列举出1-羟基环己基苯基酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-丙-1-酮、安息香、安息香甲醚、安息香乙醚、安息香异丙醚等。
此外,为提升无机导电性填料在树脂中的分散性,也可在固化性树脂(A)中掺合分散剂。此外,也可含有颜料或染料等着色剂等的添加剂。
抗静电涂层,可通过将含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的掺合物直接在后述的支撑膜上制膜、固化而形成。此外,可通过将含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的掺合物以液体的状态,在工序膜上浇铸成薄膜状,进一步,在其上将后述的含有固化性树脂(B)的掺合物浇铸,从而得到由抗静电涂层与支撑膜所构成的基材。此时,进行固化的程序,可在各个制膜刚结束后,也可在将基材制膜后一并进行。
抗静电涂层的厚度优选为0.2~5μm,更优选为0.5~5μm,特别优选为1~4μm。通过使抗静电涂层的厚度在上述范围,有维持较高的抗静电性能的倾向。
此外,抗静电涂层的表面电阻率,优选为1×1012Ω/□以下,更优选为1×1011Ω/□以下,特别优选为1×1010Ω/□以下。如抗静电涂层的表面电阻率超过1×1012Ω/□,则在将本发明的表面保护用片材从被粘物上剥离时,有难以稳定地抑制静电的产生的情况。通过使抗静电涂层的表面电阻率在上述范围,可提升表面保护用片材的抗静电性能。抗静电涂层的表面电阻率可通过以下方法测定:将抗静电涂层裁切成100mm×100mm而得的样品,在23℃、平均湿度50%RH的条件下调湿24小时之后,按照JISK6911;1995测定其表面的电阻值。
(支撑膜)
本发明的表面保护用片材中使用的支撑膜,只要是树脂片材,则并无特别限定,可使用各种树脂片材。作为这样的树脂片材,可列举出例如:聚烯烃、聚氯乙烯、丙烯酸橡胶、聚氨酯等树脂膜。支撑膜,可为这些的单层,也可由层叠体构成。此外,也可为实施了交联等处理的膜。
作为这样的支撑膜,可使用将热塑性树脂通过挤出成型而片材化的膜,也可使用由将固化性树脂(B)以规定手段薄膜化、固化而成的固化物所形成的膜。作为支撑膜,若使用由固化性树脂(B)的固化物所形成的膜时,则基材的应力松弛率及杨氏模量的控制变得容易,并且可提升与抗静电涂层的贴附性。
固化性树脂(B)并无特别限定,可与使用于抗静电涂层的固化性树脂(A)同样地,使用能量线固化型树脂、热固化型树脂等,优选使用能量线固化型树脂。能量线固化型树脂并无特别限定,可使用例如能量线固化型含聚氨酯树脂。含有能量线固化型含聚氨酯树脂的固化物的支撑膜,由于应力松弛性优异,容易将基材的应力松弛率调整在后述的范围,故而优选。
作为能量线固化型含聚氨酯树脂,可列举出:以聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂或聚氨酯聚合物、与能量线聚合性单体为主要成分的能量线固化型树脂。
聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂为含有聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的掺合物,根据需要,也可含有在分子内含有巯基的化合物、或N-亚硝胺类阻聚剂和/或N-氧基类阻聚剂。
聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物为具有(甲基)丙烯酰基、且具有聚氨酯键的化合物。这样的聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物,通过使具有羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯与末端异氰酸酯聚氨酯预聚物反应而得到,该末端异氰酸酯聚氨酯预聚物通过使多元醇化合物与多异氰酸酯化合物反应而得到。此外,在本说明书中,(甲基)丙烯酸,以包含丙烯酸及甲基丙烯酸这二者的意思使用。
多元醇化合物只要是具有两个以上羟基的化合物,则无特别限定,可使用公知的多元醇化合物。具体地,例如,亚烷基二醇、聚醚型多元醇、聚酯型多元醇、聚碳酸酯型多元醇均可,但通过使用聚醚型多元醇,可得到更优良的效果。此外,只要是多元醇,则无特别限定,二官能度的二醇、三官能度的三醇、进一步四官能度以上的多元醇均可,但从取得的容易性、通用性、反应性等观点考虑,特别优选使用二醇。其中,优选使用聚醚型二醇。
作为聚醚型多元醇的代表例的聚醚型二醇,一般以HO-(-R-O-)n-H表示。在此,R为2价的烃基、优选为亚烷基,进一步优选为碳原子数为1~6的亚烷基,特别优选为碳原子数为2或3的亚烷基。此外,碳原子数为1~6的亚烷基中,优选为亚乙基、亚丙基或四亚甲基,特别优选为亚乙基或亚丙基。因此,作为特别优选的聚醚型二醇,可列举出聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚四亚甲基二醇,作为进一步特别优选的聚醚型二醇,可列举出聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇。n为R的重复数,优选为10~250左右,更优选为25~205左右,特别优选为40~185左右。若n小于10,则有聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的尿烷键浓度变高,支撑膜的弹性跃升,而使本发明中的基材的杨氏模量变得过高的情况。若n大于250,则起因于聚醚链之间的相互作用变强,有使杨氏模量超过后述范围的上限的可能。
通过聚醚型二醇与多异氰酸酯化合物的反应,生成导入有醚键部(-(-R-O-)n-)的末端异氰酸酯聚氨酯预聚物。通过使用这样的聚醚型二醇,聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物含有由聚醚型二醇衍生的结构单元。
聚酯型多元醇可通过多元醇化合物与多元酸成分聚缩而得到。作为多元醇化合物,可列举出乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇、戊二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇、己二醇、辛二醇、2,2-二乙基-1,3-丙二醇、2-乙基-2-丁基-1,3-丙二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、双酚A的乙二醇或丙二醇加成物等公知的各种二醇类等。作为用于制造聚酯型多元醇的多元酸成分,可使用一般已知作为聚酯的多元酸成分的各种公知的多元酸成分。具体可列举出例如:己二酸、马来酸、琥珀酸、草酸、富马酸、丙二酸、戊二酸、庚二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、辛二酸等二元酸;芳香族多元酸;与这些酸对应的酸酐或其衍生物;及二聚物酸、加氢二聚物酸等。此外,为对涂膜赋予适度的硬度,优选使用芳香族多元酸。作为该芳香族多元酸,可列举出例如邻苯二甲酸酐、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、2,6-萘二羧酸等二元酸;或偏苯三酸、均苯四甲酸等多元酸及与这些酸对应的酸酐或其衍生物。此外,在该酯化反应中,也可根据需要使用各种公知的催化剂。作为催化剂,可列举出例如二丁基氧化锡、或辛酸亚锡等锡化合物;或钛酸四丁酯、钛酸四丙酯等烷氧基钛。
作为聚碳酸酯型多元醇,并无特别限定,可使用公知的聚碳酸酯型多元醇。具体可列举出例如:上述二醇类与碳酸亚烷基酯的反应物等。
作为多元醇化合物的分子量,优选为500~10000左右,更优选为800~8000左右。若分子量小于500,则有聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的尿烷键浓度变高,使本发明中的基材的杨氏模量变高的情况。若分子量过高,则起因于聚醚链之间的相互作用变强,有使杨氏模量超过后述范围的上限的可能。
此外,多元醇化合物的分子量,为多元醇官能团数×56.11×1000/羟值[mgKOH/g],由多元醇化合物的羟值计算出。
作为多异氰酸酯化合物,可列举出:四亚甲基二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯等脂肪族类聚异氰酸酯类;异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、降冰片烷二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷-4,4'-二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷-2,4'-二异氰酸酯、ω,ω’-二异氰酸酯二甲基环己烷等脂环族类二异氰酸酯类;4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、联甲苯胺二异氰酸酯、四亚甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、萘-1,5-二异氰酸酯等的芳香族类二异氰酸酯类等。其中,使用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯,能够将聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的粘度维持得较低,使操作性良好,故而优选。
对使如上所述的多元醇化合物与多异氰酸酯化合物反应而得到的末端异氰酸酯聚氨酯预聚物,使具有羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯反应,得到聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物。
作为具有羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,只要是在1个分子中具有羟基及(甲基)丙烯酰基的化合物,则无特别限定,可使用公知的化合物。具体可列举出例如:(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-羟基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-羟环己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸5-羟基环辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基-3-苯氧基丙酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇单(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇单(甲基)丙烯酸酯等的(甲基)丙烯酸羟基烷基酯;N-羟甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺等的含有羟基的(甲基)丙烯酰胺;使(甲基)丙烯酸与双酚A的二缩水甘油酯反应而得到的反应物等。
作为用于使末端异氰酸酯聚氨酯预聚物及具有羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯反应的条件,将末端异氰酸酯聚氨酯预聚物与具有羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,根据需要在溶剂、催化剂的存在下,以60~100℃左右反应1~4小时左右即可。
所得到的聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物,在分子内具有光聚合性的双键,具有通过能量线的照射而聚合固化,从而形成被膜的性质。上述的聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物,可以一种单独或组合二种以上使用。聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物,可为分子中仅具有1个(甲基)丙烯酰基的单官能度聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物,也可为分子中具有2个以上的(甲基)丙烯酰基的多官能度聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物,但优选为多官能度聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物。通过使聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物为多官能度聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物,则如后所述,有通过调整聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的重均分子量,而容易控制所得到的基材的杨氏模量的优点。多官能度聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物所具有的(甲基)丙烯酰基的数量优选为2~3个、更优选为2个(聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物为二官能度聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物)。
聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的重均分子量(指利用凝胶渗透层析进行的换算成聚苯乙烯的值,以下相同。),并无特别限定,在聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物为多官能度聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物时,重均分子量优选为1500~10000左右,更优选为4000~9000。通过使重均分子量为1500以上,可抑制聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的聚合物的交联密度的上升,而容易将基材的杨氏模量调整在不超过后述范围的上限的程度。此外,通过使重均分子量为10000以下,可抑制聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的聚合物的交联密度的降低,而容易将基材的杨氏模量调整得不低于后述范围的下限。另外,可使聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的粘度较低,以提升制膜用涂布液的操作性。
使用如上所述的聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯时,由于难以进行支撑膜的成膜的情形较多,因此,通常利用能量线聚合性单体进行稀释并成膜之后,将其固化,得到支撑膜。能量线聚合性单体在分子内具有能量线聚合性的双键,特别是在本发明中,优选使用异冰片基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二环戊烯基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苯基羟基丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯等的具有体积较大基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯类化合物。
上述能量线聚合性单体,相对于对聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物100质量份,优选以5~900质量份、更优选以10~500质量份、特别优选以30~200质量份的比例被使用。通过使能量线聚合性单体的掺合量在所述范围,在聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物与能量线聚合性单体的共聚物中,来自聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物的(甲基)丙烯酰基的部分的间隔成为适当的程度,可容易将基材的杨氏模量控制在后述的范围。
作为能量线固化型含聚氨酯树脂,可使用以聚氨酯聚合物与能量线聚合性单体为主要成分的能量线固化型树脂,也可使用将该能量线固化型树脂固化而得到的支撑膜。
聚氨酯聚合物,与聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯寡聚物不同,为在分子中不具有(甲基)丙烯酰基等聚合性官能团的聚氨酯类聚合物,例如可通过使上述的多元醇化合物与多异氰酸酯化合物反应而得到。
能量线聚合性单体,除了可使用与作为将聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂稀释的能量线聚合性单体而上述的单体相同的单体之外,也可使用丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基乙酯、N,N-二甲氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酰基吗啉、N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺、酰亚胺丙烯酸酯、N-乙烯基咯烷酮等含氮单体。
上述能量线聚合性单体,相对于聚氨酯聚合物100质量份,优选以5~900质量份、更优选以10~500质量份、特别优选以30~200质量份的比例被使用。
由上述能量线固化型树脂形成支撑膜时,通过在该树脂中混入光聚合引发剂,可减少通过能量线照射的聚合固化时间及照射量。作为光聚合引发剂,可混入与混入固化性树脂(A)中相同的光聚合引发剂。
光聚合引发剂的使用量,相对于对能量线固化型树脂100质量份,优选为0.05~15质量份,更优选为0.1~10质量份,特别优选为0.5~5质量份。
此外,在上述固化性树脂(B)中,也可含有碳酸钙、二氧化硅、云母等无机填料;铁、铅等金属填料;颜料或染料等着色剂等的添加剂。
作为支撑膜的制膜方法,可通过将含有固化性树脂(B)的掺合物以液状状态在工序膜上浇铸成薄膜状之后,将其以规定的手段膜化,通过去除工序膜而制造支撑膜。根据这样的制备方法,树脂在制膜时所受到应力较小,不容易产生因经时或加热引起的尺寸变化。此外,由于容易去除固体杂质,因此,所制膜的膜较少形成鱼眼,由此,可提升膜厚的均匀性,厚度精度通常在2%以内。
支撑膜的厚度优选为40~300μm,更优选为60~250μm,特别优选为80~200μm。
进一步,在支撑膜的形成有抗静电涂层的面或设置有粘着剂层的面上,为提升与这些层的贴附性,也可设置实施了电晕处理或底层处理等的其他层。
通过如上所述的原材料及方法所制膜的支撑膜,显示应力松弛性优异的性质。例如,通过采用该应力松弛性优异的支撑膜等,使用于本发明的基材显示优异的应力松弛性。具体而言,在延展10%时经过1分钟后的基材的应力松弛率为60%以上,优选为65%以上,更优选为75~90%。通过使基材的应力松弛率在上述范围,使用该基材的本发明的表面保护用片材,可迅速消除在粘贴于被粘物时所产生的残留应力,在研磨半导体晶圆的背面的工序(加工半导体晶圆的工序)中,即使将半导体晶圆研磨得极薄时,也可抑制半导体晶圆的弯曲。若基材的应力松弛率小于60%,则半导体晶圆会因在加工半导体晶圆的工序所产生的应力而产生弯曲。
此外,基材的杨氏模量为100~2000MPa,优选为125~1500MPa,更优选为125~1000MPa,特别优选为125~700MPa。若在表面保护用片材上设置抗静电涂层,则有在晶圆的背面研磨工序中,抗静电涂层产生裂纹(断裂)的情况。因产生该裂纹,抗静电涂层的面方向的导电性被切断,而有降低将剥离带电扩散的效果的情况。根据本发明的表面保护用片材,通过使基材的杨氏模量在上述范围,对表面保护用片材的拉伸赋予适当的耐性,从而可防止抗静电涂层的裂纹,可抑制抗静电性能的下降。若基材的杨氏模量小于100MPa,则抗静电涂层会产生裂纹,使得抗静电性能下降。此外,若基材的杨氏模量超过2000MPa,则基材的应力松弛率降低,难以得到具有所期望范围的应力松弛率的基材,防止晶圆弯曲的效果降低。
[粘着剂层]
在本发明的表面保护用片材中,在抗静电涂层上或支撑膜上形成有粘着剂层。
粘着剂层只要对晶圆有适当的再剥离性,则其种类并未被特定,可由以往公知的各种粘着剂形成。作为这样的粘着剂,并无任何限定,可使用例如,橡胶类、丙烯酸类、硅酮类、聚氨酯类、聚乙烯基醚等的粘着剂。此外,也可使用通过能量线的照射而固化成为再剥离性的能量线固化型粘着剂、或加热发泡型、水膨润型的粘着剂。
作为能量线固化(紫外线固化、电子线固化)型粘着剂,特别优选使用紫外线固化型粘着剂。这样的能量线固化型粘着剂的具体例,例如被记载在日本特开昭60-196956号公报及日本特开昭60-223139号公报中。此外,作为水膨润型粘着剂,可优选使用例如在日本特公平5-77284号公报、日本特公平6-101455号公报等中所记载的粘着剂。
粘着剂层的厚度并无特别限定,优选为5~300μm,更优选为10~200μm的范围。
此外,对于粘着剂层,也在其使用前为了保护粘着剂层,也可层叠剥离片材。剥离片材并无特别限定,可使用利用剥离剂对剥离片材用基材进行处理了的片材。作为剥离片材用基材,可列举出例如:由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯等树脂所形成的膜;或它们的发泡膜;或玻璃纸、涂层纸、层压纸等纸。作为剥离剂,可列举出硅酮类、氟类、含有长链烷基的氨基甲酸酯等的剥离剂。
在基材表面设置粘着剂层的方法,可将在剥离片材上涂布成规定膜厚而形成的粘着剂层转印在基材表面,也可将直接涂布在基板表面而形成粘着剂层。
[表面保护用片材]
本发明的表面保护用片材,在由上述抗静电涂层与支撑膜所构成的基材的一面形成粘着剂层而成。粘着剂层可设于抗静电涂层上或支撑膜上。此外,在图1中,在支撑膜2上形成粘着剂层3。
表面保护用片材的制造方法并无特别限定,但例如可通过具有如下工序的制造方法来制造:将含有固化性树脂(B)的掺合物涂布于工序片材上,使之固化,得到支撑膜的工序;将含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的掺合物涂布于支撑膜上,形成涂膜层的工序;以及使涂膜层固化,形成基材的工序。之后,通过在基材的一面形成粘着剂层,可得到本发明的表面保护用片材。通过上述制造方法所得到的表面保护用片材的基材,优选通过下述工序形成:将含有固化性树脂(B)的掺合物涂布于工序片材,进行预固化,形成预固化层的工序;将含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂(A)的掺合物涂布于预固化层上,形成涂膜层的工序;以及将预固化层与涂膜层固化的工序。即,在预固化状态的支撑膜的表面上,形成成为抗静电涂层的涂布层,由于一并将支撑膜与抗静电涂层完全固化,因此,抗静电涂层与支撑膜的贴附性优异,并可提升抗静电性能。
此外,在上述的表面保护用片材的制造方法中,也可在预固化的阶段使固化性树脂(B)完全固化。以这样的制造方法,也可提升抗静电涂层与支撑膜的贴附性。
此外,作为表面保护用片材的制造方法,还可列举出将抗静电涂层与支撑膜分别制膜并层叠,而得到基材,在基材上形成粘着剂层的方法。
[半导体晶圆的加工方法]
本发明的表面保护用片材,可如下所述用于半导体晶圆的加工。
(晶圆背面研磨方法)
在晶圆的背面研磨中,如图1所示,在表面形成有电路12的半导体晶圆11的电路面上粘贴表面保护用片材10,以保护电路面,并将晶圆的背面利用研磨机20进行研磨,形成规定厚度的晶圆。
半导体晶圆可以是硅晶圆,此外也可为砷化镓(ガリウム·ヒ素)等的化合物半导体晶圆。在晶圆表面形成电路,可通过包含蚀刻法、剥离法(lift-off method)等以往通用的方法的各种方法进行。在半导体晶圆的电路形成工序中,形成规定的电路。如图2所示,电路12在晶圆11的内周部13表面形成格子状,从外周端开始在几mm的范围残存着不存在电路的剩余部分14。这样的晶圆的研磨前的厚度并无特别限定,通常为500~1000μm左右。
背面研磨时,如图1所示,为了保护晶圆表面的电路12,在电路面粘贴本发明的表面保护用片材10。表面保护用片材向晶圆表面的粘贴,通过使用了胶带贴合机等的通用的方法进行。此外,表面保护用片材10,可预先切成与半导体晶圆11大致相同的形状,也可将片材粘贴在晶圆之后,将多余的片材沿着晶圆外周切断并去除。
晶圆的背面研磨,将表面保护用片材10被粘贴于电路整面的状态,通过使用了研磨机20及用于固定晶圆的吸台(未图示)等的公知的方法进行。背面研磨工序之后,也可进行去除因研磨所生成的破碎层的处理。背面研磨后的半导体晶圆的厚度并无特别限定,优选为10~500μm,特别优选为25~300μm左右。
背面研磨工序之后,将表面保护用片材10从电路面剥离。根据本发明的表面保护用片材,在晶圆的背面研磨时,可可靠地保持晶圆,此外,可防止切削水渗入电路面。此外,背面研磨结束之后,将片材10从晶圆表面剥离时,可有效地将剥离带电所产生的静电扩散。
接着,经由晶圆的切割、晶片的安装、树脂封装等工序,得到半导体装置。
(先切割法)
进一步,另外,本发明的表面保护用片材,可优选使用于利用所谓先切割法进行的具有高凸块的晶圆的晶片化。具体而言,从表面形成有具有凸块的电路的半导体晶圆表面,形成较该晶圆厚度浅的切入深度的沟,在该电路形成面粘贴表面保护用片材,之后,通过进行半导体晶圆的背面研磨,使晶圆的厚度变薄的同时,最终进行分割成各个晶片。
之后,以规定的方法进行晶片拾取。此外,也可在拾取晶片之前,将整列成晶圆形状的状态的晶片,转印在其他的粘着片材,之后进行晶片拾取。根据本发明的表面保护用片材,将保护用片材由晶片剥离时,可有效地使剥离带电所产生的静电扩散。
实施例
以下,通过实施例来说明本发明,但本发明不限于这些实施例。此外,在以下的实施例及比较例中,各种物性的评价如下进行。
<基材的杨氏模量>
对于基材的杨氏模量,使用万能拉伸试验机(ORIENTEC公司制造的TensilonRTA-T-2M),按照JIS K7161:1994,在于23℃、湿度50%的环境下,以拉伸速度200mm/分钟进行测定。
<基材的应力松弛率>
将实施例或比较例中使用的基材,切出宽度15mm、长度100mm,得到试验片。将该试验片,使用ORIENTEC公司制造的TensilonRTA-100,在室温(23℃)下,以拉伸速度200mm/分钟进行拉伸。在延展10%的状态下停止拉伸,从此时的应力A、及停止延展1分钟后的应力B,根据应力松弛率=(A-B)/A×100(%)的公式,计算应力松弛率。
<研磨后的晶圆弯曲>
将实施例或比较例中所制作的表面保护用片材,使用胶带贴合机LintecCorporation.制造的Adwill RAD-3500),粘贴于硅晶圆(200mmΦ,厚度750μm)。之后,使用DISCO CORPORATION制造的DFG-840进行研磨,使得硅晶圆的厚度为150μm。研磨之后,不去除表面保护用片材,使表面保护用片材成为上侧地、将晶圆载置在按照JIS B 7513;1992的平面度1级的精密检查用固定盘上。
测定以固定盘作为零点,求出17处测定点。弯曲量为最大值与最小值之差。
<剥离带电>
在晶圆电路面,粘贴实施例或比较例的表面保护用片材,得到晶圆与表面保护用片材的层叠体。对于层叠体,从制作层叠体后开始,放置在平均温度约23℃、平均湿度65%RH的环境下30天。放置后,首先,将层叠体裁切成10×10cm的正方形。接着,将表面保护用片材以500mm/分钟从晶圆剥离。此时,将在表面保护用片材所带电的带电电位,以集电式电位测定仪(春日电机公司制造的KSD-6110),从50mm的距离,在23℃、湿度65%RH的环境下进行测定(测定下限值为0.1kV)。
<抗静电涂层的裂纹>
通过与评价研磨后的晶圆弯曲相同的方法研磨晶圆之后,将表面保护用片材从晶圆剥离,以数码显微镜观察抗静电涂层面,确认抗静电涂层有无裂纹。
(实施例1)
将由分子量为2000的聚酯型多元醇与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯合成的聚氨酯寡聚物作为骨架,在其末端加成丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯,得到二官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯寡聚物(重均分子量为8000)。将含有混合物以及作为光聚合引发剂的DAROCUR1173(商品号,BASF公司制造)1质量份的掺合物,涂布展延在剥离膜上,利用紫外线使之固化,得到厚度为100μm的支撑膜,其中所述混合物为上述所得到的二官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯寡聚物50质量份、作为丙烯酸类单体(能量线聚合性单体)的异冰片基丙烯酸酯25质量份及2-羟基-3-苯氧基丙基丙烯酸酯25质量份的混合物。
对环氧基丙烯酸酯类树脂100质量份(重均分子量2000),掺合平均粒径为0.1μm的锑掺杂氧化锡(ATO)230质量份、光聚合引发剂(BASF公司制造的IRGACURE184)2质量份,得到掺合物。将该掺合物涂布在支撑膜的一面,通过照射紫外线,从而设置厚度为2μm的抗静电涂层。另一方面,在支撑膜的与设置抗静电涂层的面的相反的面上,以使其成为20μm的厚度的方式涂布紫外线固化型粘着剂,从而设置粘着剂层,制作表面保护用片材。将各评价结果示于表1。
(实施例2)
除了在支撑膜的制造中,使聚氨酯丙烯酸酯寡聚物的重均分子量为3000以外,以与实施例1相同的方式制作表面保护用片材。将各评价结果示于表1。
(实施例3)
除了在支撑膜的制造中,使聚氨酯丙烯酸酯寡聚物的重均分子量为6000,ATO的添加量为400质量份,抗静电涂层的厚度为0.25μm以外,以与实施例1相同的方式制作表面保护用片材。将各评价结果示于表1。
(实施例4)
除了使ATO的添加量为150质量份,抗静电涂层的厚度作为4.8μm以外,以与实施例1相同的方式制作表面保护用片材。将各评价结果示于表1。
(比较例1)
除了未设置抗静电涂层以外,以与实施例1相同的方式制作表面保护用片材。将各评价结果示于表1。
(比较例2)
除了在支撑膜的制造中,使聚氨酯丙烯酸酯寡聚物的重均分子量为12000以外,以与实施例1相同的方式制作表面保护用片材。将各评价结果示于表1。
(比较例3)
除了在支撑膜的制造中,使聚氨酯丙烯酸酯寡聚物的重均分子量为900之外,以与实施例1相同的方式制作表面保护用片材。将各评价结果示于表1。
[表1]
Figure BDA0001267833130000181
附图标记说明
1:抗静电涂层;2:支撑膜;3:粘着剂层;5:基材;10:表面保护用片材。

Claims (4)

1.一种表面保护用片材,其在进行表面形成有电路的半导体晶圆的背面研磨时使用,其中,
该表面保护用片材具有:基材,其由抗静电涂层及支撑膜所构成,所述抗静电涂层含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂A的固化物,所述支撑膜含有固化性树脂B的固化物;及粘着剂层,
在延展10%时经过1分钟后基材的应力松弛率为60%以上,
基材的杨氏模量为100~2000MPa。
2.根据权利要求1所述的表面保护用片材,其中,相对于固化性树脂A的固化物100质量份,抗静电涂层含有150~600质量份的无机导电性填料。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的表面保护用片材,其中,固化性树脂B为能量线固化型含聚氨酯树脂。
4.一种权利要求1-3中任一项所述的表面保护用片材的制造方法,其中,该方法具有:
将含有固化性树脂B的掺合物涂布于工序片材,进行预固化,以形成预固化层的工序;
将含有无机导电性填料与固化性树脂A的掺合物涂布于预固化层,以形成涂膜层的工序;
使预固化层与涂膜层固化,以形成基材的工序;及
在基材的一面形成粘着剂层以得到表面保护用片材的工序。
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