CN107039030A - Anc系统中次级路径响应模型的下行链路音调检测调适 - Google Patents

Anc系统中次级路径响应模型的下行链路音调检测调适 Download PDF

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CN107039030A
CN107039030A CN201710433846.8A CN201710433846A CN107039030A CN 107039030 A CN107039030 A CN 107039030A CN 201710433846 A CN201710433846 A CN 201710433846A CN 107039030 A CN107039030 A CN 107039030A
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CN107039030B (zh
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D·周
Y·陆
J·D·亨德里克斯
杰弗里·奥尔德森
安东尼奥·约翰·米勒
C·雍
G·D·卡马斯
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Cirrus Logic Inc
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    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
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Abstract

一种适应性噪音消除(ANC)电路，其从参考麦克风信号适应性地产生抗噪音信号，并且将该抗噪音信号注入到扬声器或其他变换器输出中以导致周围音频声音的消除。靠近扬声器的误差麦克风提供误差麦克风信号。次级路径估计适应性滤波器估计从噪音消除电路穿过变换器的电声音路径以便可以从误差信号去除源音频。在电话呼叫的初始期间存在于下行链路音频中的源音频例如远程铃声由音调检测器利用累积音调持续时间和非静音挂起计数检测，并且暂停次级路径估计适应性滤波器的调适以阻止调适到该音调。然后排序适应性滤波器的调适，以便在允许抗噪音产生滤波器调适之前去除次级路径适应性滤波器响应的任何干扰。

Description

ANC系统中次级路径响应模型的下行链路音调检测调适
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及包括适应性噪音消除(ANC)的个人音频设备例如无线电话，并且更具体地，涉及在音调例如下行链路铃音存在于源音频信号中时在个人音频设备中的ANC适应性响应的控制。
背景技术
无线电话例如移动电话/蜂窝式电话、无绳电话及其他消费性语音设备例如mp3播放器应用广泛。可通过使用麦克风测量周围声事件及随后使用信号处理将抗噪音信号插入至设备的输出中以消除周围声事件，来提供噪音消除从而改进这些设备在清晰度方面的性能。
噪音消除操作可以通过在变换器处测量设备的变换器输出得到改进从而利用误差麦克风确定噪音消除的效果。变换器的测量输出理想地是源音频，例如在电话中的下行链路音频，和/或在专用音频播放器或电话中的回播音频，因为噪音消除信号在变换器的位置理想地被周围噪音消除。为了从误差麦克风信号去除源音频，从变换器穿过误差麦克风的次级路径可以被估计并且被用来过滤源音频到正确相位和幅度以从误差麦克风信号减去。然而，当音调例如远程铃音存在于下行链路音频信号中时，次级路径适应性滤波器将试图调适到该音调，而不是保持在下行链路语音存在时将正确建模次级路径的宽带特征。
因此，期望提供一种个人音频设备，包括无线电话，其利用次级路径估计提供噪音消除以测量变换器和产生抗噪音信号的适应性滤波器的输出，其中可以避免在下行链路音频中归因于音调的不正确操作，并且其中可以可靠地检测中下行链路音频信号中的音调。
发明内容
在一种个人音频设备、一种操作方法及一种集成电路中完成提供个人音频设备的上述目的，个人音频设备提供噪音消除，该噪音消除包括避免由于存在于下行链路音频信号中的音调导致的误操作的次级路径估计。
个人音频设备包含外壳，其中变换器安装在外壳上用于重现包含用于对听者播放的源音频及用于抵抗周围音频声音在变换器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者的音频信号。参考麦克风安装在外壳上以提供指示变换器输出和周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号。个人音频设备还包含在外壳内的适应性噪音消除(ANC)处理电路，用于从参考麦克风信号适应性地产生抗噪音信号以便抗噪音信号导致周围音频声音的基本消除。包括误差麦克风，其用于控制抗噪音信号的调适以消除周围音频声音以及用于补偿从处理电路的输出穿过变换器的电声音路径。ANC处理带来检测在源音频中的音调并且在估计次级路径的响应的次级路径适应性滤波器的调适和产生抗噪音信号的另一个适应性滤波器的调适上采取动作，以便在音调产生时整个ANC操作保持稳定。
在另一个特征中，ANC处理电路的音调检测器具有可调适参数，提供用于通过等待直到在该音调之后没有音调源音频存在，连续阻止在源音频中产生音调之后的不正确操作，并且然后排序次级路径适应性滤波器以及然后产生抗噪音信号的其他适应性过滤器的调适。
如附图所示，从本发明的较佳实施例的下列更具体描述中，本发明的上述及其他目的、特征及优点将变得清晰。
附图说明
图1为示例性无线电话10的视图。
图2为在无线电话10内的电路的方框图。
图3为描述可以包括在图2的CODEC集成电路20的ANC电路30内的信号处理电路和功能模块的一个示例的方框图。
图4为描述可以由CODEC集成电路20实施的音调检测算法的流程图。
图5为根据如图4所示的实施例图示图2的CODEC集成电路20的ANC电路30的操作的信号波形图。
图6为描述可以由CODEC集成电路20实施的另一个音调检测算法的流程图。
图7为根据如图6所示的实施例图示图2的CODEC集成电路20的ANC电路30的操作的信号波形图。
图8为描述在CODEC集成电路20内的信号处理电路和功能模块的方框图。
具体实施方式
公开了可在个人音频设备例如无线电话中实施的噪音消除技术及电路。个人语音设备包含适应性噪音消除(ANC)电路，其测量周围声环境并产生注入扬声器(或其他变换器)输出中以消除周围声事件的信号。提供参考麦克风以测量周围声环境，并且包含误差麦克风以测量周围语音和在变换器处的变换器输出，从而给出噪音消除效果的指示。次级路径估计适应性滤波器被用来从误差麦克风信号中去除回播音频以便产生误差信号。然而，由个人音频设备重现的源语音中的音调，例如在电话通话开始期间存在于下行链路语音中的铃声或在电话通话背景中的其他音调，将导致次级路径适应性滤波器的不正确调适。并且，在音调结束后，在不正确调适状态的恢复期间，除非次级路径估计适应性滤波器具有正确的响应，否则ANC系统的其余部分不会正确地调适，或者会变得不稳定。下面示出的示例性个人音频设备、方法和电路排序次级路径估计适应性滤波器和ANC系统的其余部分的调适以避免不稳定性并且以将ANC系统调适到正确响应。并且可以测量或估计源音频到参考麦克风中的泄漏幅度，并且在ANC系统的调适上采取动作，并且在源音频已经结束或者音量已经下降之后从这种情况恢复以便可以期望稳定操作。
图1表示邻近人耳朵5的无线电话10。所示无线电话10为可采用根据本发明的实施例的技术的设备的一实例，但是应了解并非需要所示无线电话10或后续图解中所描绘的电路中所体现的元件或配置的全部。无线电话10包含变换器例如扬声器SPKR，其重现无线电话10所接收的远端语音，连同其他本端音频事件例如铃声、所储存的音频程序材料、近端语音、来自网页的源或由无线电话10所接收的其他网络通信、以及音频指示例如电池低及其他系统事件通告。提供近端语音麦克风NS以捕捉从无线电话10传输至其他会话参与者的近端语音。
无线电话10包含适应性噪音消除(ANC)电路及特征，它们将抗噪音信号注入至扬声器SPKR中以改进远端语音及扬声器SPKR所重现的其他语音的清晰度。参考麦克风R被提供用于测量周围声环境且定位为远离使用者/讲话者的嘴部通常所在的位置，以便近端语音在参考麦克风R所产生的信号中最小化。提供第三麦克风，误差麦克风E，以当无线电话10紧邻耳朵5时通过提供与靠近耳部5的扬声器SPKR所重现的音频合成的周围音频的测量来进一步改进ANC操作。在无线电话10内的示例性电路14包含语音CODEC集成电路20，其接收来自参考麦克风R、近端语音麦克风NS及误差麦克风E的信号并与其他集成电路例如含有无线电话收发器的RF集成电路12对接。在本发明的其他实施例中，本文所揭示的电路及技术可结合到单个集成电路，该单个集成电路含有用于实施整个个人音频设备，例如片上MP3播放器集成电路的控制电路及其他功能。
一般而言，本发明的ANC技术测量撞击在参考麦克风R上的环境声事件(与扬声器SPKR和/或近端语音的输出相对)，并且还测量撞击在误差麦克风E上的相同环境声事件。所示无线电话10的ANC处理电路调适从参考麦克风R的输出产生的抗噪音信号以具有使存在于误差麦克风E上的环境声事件的振幅最小化的特性。因为声路径P(z)从参考麦克风R延伸至误差麦克风E，所以ANC电路本质结合去除电声路径S(z)的影响来估计声路径P(z)。电声路径S(z)代表CODEC集成电路(IC)20的音频输出的响应及包含特定声环境中在扬声器SPKR与误差麦克风E之间的耦合的扬声器SPKR的声/电转换函数。当无线电话未牢固地压至耳朵5时，电声路径S(z)受耳朵5和其他实物的近接性和结构、以及可能邻近无线电话10的人头部结构的影响。虽然所示无线电话10包含具有第三近端语音麦克风NS的双麦克风ANC系统，但是不包含单独误差麦克风及参考麦克风的其他系统可以执行上述的技术。替代地，语音麦克风NS可以使用来执行在上述系统中的参考麦克风R的功能。最后，在仅设计用于音频回播的个人音频设备中，将通常不包括近端语音麦克风NS，并且在下文更详细描述的电路中的近端语音信号路径可省略。
现参考图2，在无线电话10内的电路展示在方框图中。CODEC集成电路20包括：模数转换器(ADC)21A，其用于接收参考麦克风信号并且产生参考麦克风信号的数字表示ref；ADC21B，其用于接收误差麦克风信号并且产生误差麦克风信号的数字表示err；以及ADC21C，其用于接收近端语音麦克风信号并且产生近端语音麦克风信号的数字表示ns。CODEC IC 20从放大器A1产生用于驱动扬声器SPKR的输出，该放大器A1放大接收合成器26的输出的数模转换器(DAC)23的输出。合成器26合成来自内部音频源24的音频信号ia、由ANC电路30所产生的抗噪音信号anti-noise(其根据约定具有与参考麦克风信号ref中的噪音相同的极性且因此被合成器26减除)、近端语音信号ns的一部分，以便无线电话10的使用者听到其自己与接收自射频(RF)集成电路22的下行链路语音ds成适当关联的语音。根据本发明的实施例，下行链路语音ds提供给ANC电路30。根据本发明的一个实施例，下行链路语音ds和内部音频ia提供给合成器26，以便信号ds+ia总是存在以利用在ANC电路30中的次级路径适应性滤波器估计音频路径S(z)。近端语音信号ns还提供至RF集成电路22且作为上行链路语音经由天线ANT传输给服务提供者。
图3表示图2的ANC电路30的细节的一个示例。适应性滤波器32接收参考麦克风信号ref并且在理想情况下将它的转换函数W(z)调适为P(z)/S(z)以产生抗噪音信号anti-noise，其被提供到将抗噪音信号与由变换器重现的音频信号合成的输出合成器，例如由图2的合成器26示例。适应性滤波器32的系数由W系数控制模块31控制，该W系数控制模块31使用两个信号的相关性确定适应性滤波器32的响应，该适应性滤波器32通常在最小均方意义上使存在于误差麦克风信号err中的参考麦克风信号ref的那些分量之间的误差最小化。由W系数控制模块31处理的信号为如通过滤波器34B所提供的路径S(z)的响应的估计的拷贝塑形的参考麦克风信号ref以及包含误差麦克风信号err的另一信号。通过用路径S(z)的响应，响应SECOPY(z)，的估计的拷贝变换参考麦克风信号ref，并且在去除由于源音频的回播的误差麦克风信号err的分量之后，将误差麦克风信号err最小化，适应性滤波器32调适到P(z)/S(z)的期望响应。除误差麦克风信号err以外，与滤波器34B的输出一起由W系数控制模块31处理的另一信号包含相反数量的源音频，该源音频下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia已通过滤波器响应SE(z)处理，其中响应SECOPY(z)是一拷贝。通过注入相反数量的源音频，防止适应性滤波器32调适为误差麦克风信号err中所存在的相对较大量的源音频，并且通过用路径S(z)的响应的估计变换下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia的反向拷贝，在处理前从误差麦克风信号err去除的源音频应该与在误差麦克风信号err重现的下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia的预期版本匹配，因为S(z)的电路径及声路径为下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia到达误差麦克风E所采用的路径。滤波器34B本身不是滤波器，但是其具有被调谐来匹配适应性滤波器34A的响应的可调节响应，以便滤波器34B的响应追踪适应性滤波器34A的调适。
为了实施上述内容，适应性滤波器34A具有由SE系数控制模块33控制的系数，该SE系数控制块33在由合成器36去除上述经过滤的下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia之后，处理源音频(ds+ia)和误差麦克风信号err，上述经过滤的下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia已通过适应性滤波器34A过滤以代表递送至误差麦克风E的预期源音频。适应性滤波器34A因此被调适来从下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia产生误差信号e，该误差信号e在被从误差麦克风信号err中减去时，包含误差麦克风信号err不归因于源音频(ds+ia)的含量。然而，如果下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia都不存在，例如在电话呼叫的开始，或者具有非常小的幅度，那么SE系数控制模块33将不具有足够的输入以估计声路径S(z)。因此，在ANC电路30中，源音频检测器35检测是否有足够的源音频(ds+ia)存在，并且如果有足够的源音频(ds+ia)存在，那么更新次级路径估计。源音频检测器35A可以由语音存在信号(如果语音存在信号可以从下行链路音频信号ds的数字源获得)或者从媒体回放控制电路提供的回放有效信号替代。
控制电路39从源音频检测器35A接收输入，其包括指示支配音调信号什么时候存在于下行链路音频信号ds中的Tone指示器和反映整个源音频(ds+ia)的已检测位准的Source Level指示。控制电路39还从周围音频检测器35B接收输入，该周围音频检测器35B提供参考麦克风信号ref的已检测位准的指示。控制电路39可以接收个人音频设备的音量设置的指示vol。控制电路39还从W系数控制31接收指示稳定性指示Wstable，其总体上在作为响应W(z)的系数的求和的改变率的稳定性测量Σ|Wk(z)|/Δt大于阈值时被解除确认，但替代地，稳定性指示Wstable可以是基于比确定适应性滤波器32的响应的响应W(z)的所有系数更小的。并且，控制电路39产生控制信号hlatW以控制W系数控制31的调适并且产生控制信号hlatSE以控制SE系数控制33的调适。下面参考图5－图8更详细地讨论用于排序响应W(z)和次级路径估计SE(z)的调适的示例性算法。
在源音频检测器35A内，音调检测算法确定音调什么时候存在于源音频(ds+ia)中，其示例在图4中图示。现在参考图4，当源音频(ds+ia)的幅度小于或等于最小阈值“min”时(判定70)，处理执行到步骤79。如果源音频(ds+ia)的幅度“信号位准”大于最小阈值“min”(判定70)，并且如果当前音频是候选音调(判定71)，那么增加持续时间Tpersist(步骤72)，并且一旦持续时间Tpersist已经到达阈值(判定73)，指示已经检测到音调，那么挂起计数被初始化为非零值(步骤74)并且持续时间Tpersist设置为阈值以阻止持续时间Tpersist继续增加(步骤75)。如果当前音频不是候选音调(判定71)，那么减少持续时间Tpersist(步骤76)。仅在足够的信号位准存在时增加和减少持续时间Tpersist用作基于最近历史(即最接近的信号是否已经是一音调或其他音频)实施置信标准的滤波器。因此，持续时间是音调检测置信值，其对于特定实施例和设备具有足够高的值以避免错误的音调检测，同时具有足够低的值以避免错过足以基本上影响ANC系统的调适、尤其是响应SE(z)对音调的频率的不正确调适的一个或多个音调的累积持续时间。利用源音频(ds+ia)的离散傅立叶变换(DFT)的相邻幅度比较或另一个合适的多带滤波技术在源音频(ds+ia)中检测候选音调，以将宽带噪音或信号从主导为音调的音频区分开。如果持续时间Tpersist变为小于零(判定77)，指示累积的非音调信号已经存在持续较长的周期，那么持续时间Tpersist被设置为零，并且作为最近已经发生的音调的数量计数的音调计数也被设置为零。
处理算法然后前进到判定79，是否已经检测到音调，并且如果挂起计数不大于零(判定79)，指示音调还没有由判定73检测到，或者在已经检测到音调之后挂起计数已经届满，那么音调标记复位，指示没有音调存在并且前一的音调标记也复位(步骤80)。挂起计数是在音调检测已经停止之后提供用来将音调标记保持在一设置情况中(例如，音调标记＝“1”)的计数，以便避免太早地恢复ANC系统的调适，例如当另一个音调可能产生并且导致响应SE(z)不正确调适时。挂起计数的值是实施具体化的，但是应该足够以避免上述不正确调适情况。如果电话呼叫在判定87处没有结束，处理然后从步骤70重复。然而，如果挂起计数大于零(判定79)，那么设置音调标记(为值“1”)(步骤81)并且减少挂起计数(步骤82)，导致系统在挂起计数为非零时将当前源音频处理为音调。如果没有设置前一的音调标记(例如音调标记具有值“0”)，那么递增音调计数，并且设置之前的音调标记(为值“1”)(步骤84)。另外，如果设置音调标记(在判定83处的结果“否”)，那么处理算法直接前进到判定85。然后，如果音调计数超过预定复位计数(判定85)，其是响应SE(z)应该被设置已知状态之后的音调的数量，那么响应SE(z)复位并且音调计数也复位(步骤86)。除非呼叫结束(判定87)，否则重复步骤70－步骤86的算法。否则，算法结束。
本文图示的示例性电路和方法通过减少远程音调在次级路径适应性滤波器34A的响应SE(z)上的影响，提供ANC系统的正确操作，其结果减少音调在适应性滤波器34B的响应SECOPY(z)和适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)上的影响。在如图5所示的示例中，其图示图3的控制电路39的示例性操作波形，其中音调检测器使用如图4图示的算法，当如由音调标记Tone指示在源音频(ds+ia)中检测到音调时，控制电路39通过确认控制信号haltSE暂停SE系数控制33的调适。发生在时刻t1与时刻t2之间的第一音调由于较小的初始持续时间Tpersist不被确定为一音调，其防止音调的错误检测。因此，直到时刻t2才解除确认控制信号haltSE，其是由于信号位准下降到阈值以下，给控制电路39指示在源音频(ds+ia)中不具有调适SE系数控制33的足够信号位准。在时刻t3，由于较长的持续时间Tpersist，已经检测到序列中的第二音调，根据上述音调检测算法，持续时间Tpersist已经增加。因此，在第二音调期间较早地确认控制信号haltSE，其减少音调在SE系数控制33的系数上的影响。在时刻t4，控制电路39已经确定已经产生了四个音调(或者一些其他可选的数量)，并且确认控制信号resetSE以复位SE系数控制33到已知的系数组，从而设置响应SE(z)为已知响应。在时刻t5，在源音频中的音调已经结束，但是不允许响应W(z)调适，因为必须利用更适当的训练信号来执行响应SE(z)的调适以确保在从时刻t1到时刻t5的时间间隔期间音调没有干扰响应SE(z)并且在时刻t5不存在源音频来调适响应SE(z)。在时刻t6，下行链路语音存在，并且控制电路39开始排序SE系数控制33并且然后W系数控制31的训练，以便在源音频中检测到音调之后SE系数控制33包含正确的值，并且因此响应SECOPY(z)和响应SE(z)在调适响应W(z)之前具有合适的特征。上述是这样完成的，通过允许W系数控制31仅在SE系数控制33已经调适之后调适，其在一旦足够幅度的非音调源音频信号存在时就被执行，并且然后暂停SE系数控制33的调适。在如图5所示的示例中，在已估计响应SE(z)已经变得稳定之后通过确认控制信号haltSE暂停次级路径适应性滤波器调适，并且通过解除确认控制信号haltW允许响应W(z)调适。在如图7所示的具体操作中，仅在响应W(z)不正在调适时允许响应SE(z)调适，或者反之亦然，虽然在其他情况下或在其他操作模式中，可以允许响应SE(z)和响应W(z)同时调适。在具体示例中，响应SE(z)一直调适直到时刻t7，在该时刻响应SE(z)已经调适的时间量，指示SEstable的确认，或其他标准指示响应SE(z)已经充分调适以估计次级路径S(z)，并且然后可以调适W(z)。
在时刻t7，确认控制信号haltSE并且解除确认控制信号haltW，以从调适S(z)过渡到调适响应W(z)。在时刻t8，再次检测源音频，并且确认控制信号haltW以暂停响应W(z)的调适。然后解除确认控制信号haltSE，因为非音调下行链路音频信号总体上是用于响应SE(z)的良好训练信号。在时刻t9，level指示下降到阈值以下并且通过解除确认控制信号haltW再次允许响应W(z)调适，以及通过确认控制信号haltSE暂停响应SE(z)的调适，其继续直到时刻t10，在该时刻响应W(z)已经调适持续了最大的时间周期Tmaxw。
在源音频检测器35A内，确定音调什么时候存在于源音频(ds+ia)中的另一个音调检测算法图示在图6中，其与图4的算法相似，所以本文下面仅描述图6的算法的一些特征。当源音频(ds+ia)的幅度小于或等于最小阈值时(判定50)，处理前进到判定58。如果源音频(ds+ia)的幅度大于最小阈值时(判定50)，并且如果当前音频是候选音调(判定51)，那么增加音调的持续时间Tpersist(步骤52)，并且一旦持续时间Tpersist已经到达阈值(判定53)，指示已经检测到音调，那么挂起计数被初始化为非零值(步骤54)，并且持续时间Tpersist被设置为阈值以阻止持续时间Tpersist继续增加(步骤55)。否则，如果持续时间Tpersist还没有到达阈值(判定53)，处理前进通过判定58。如果当前音频不是候选音调(判定51)，并且当持续时间Tpersist>0时(判定56)，减少持续时间Tpersist(步骤57)。无论是否已经检测到音调，处理算法前进到判定58，并且如果挂起计数不大于零(判定58)，指示仍然还没有音调由判定53检测到，或者在已经检测到音调之后挂起计数已经届满，那么解除确认音调标记(步骤61)，指示没有音调存在。然而，如果挂起计数大于零(判定58)，那么确认音调标记(步骤59)，并且减少挂起计数(步骤60)。除非呼叫结束(判定62)，否则重复步骤50－步骤61的算法。否则，算法结束。
在如图7所示的示例中，其图示图3的控制电路39，其中音调检测器使用如图6图示的算法，在时刻t3检测到第二铃声之后并且由于挂起计数根据如图6图示的上述音调检测算法初始化，直到在图6的算法中在判定57处挂起计数已经到达0，才解除确认音调标记Tone。从在图5的示例和图7的示例之间的差异，仅在源音频(ds+ia)的幅度处于阈值以下时才减少挂起计数的优点是显然的，在图5的示例中当没有检测到音调时减少挂起计数。在图7的示例中，从检测第二铃声确认控制信号haltSE直到在最后铃声已经停止并且挂起计数已经届满之后，阻止SE系数控制33在第一音调已经结束之后的任意音调期间调适，直到在足够幅度的非音调源音频(ds+ia)存在时挂起计数减少到零。在时刻t6’，挂起计数届满并且解除确认控制信号haltSE，导致响应SE(z)调适。虽然在源音频中的音调已经结束，但是不允许响应W(z)调适，除非利用更适当的训练信号来执行响应SE(z)的调适以确保在从时刻t1到时刻t5的时间间隔期间音调没有干扰响应SE(z)。在时刻t7，确认控制信号haltSE并且解除确认控制信号haltW以允许响应W(z)调适。
现在参考图8，示出ANC系统的方框图，其用于实施如图3描述的ANC技术，并且具有如可以实施在图2的CODEC集成电路20中的处理电路40。处理电路40包括联接到存储器44的处理器核42，在存储器44中存储包括计算机程序产品的程序指令，其实施上面所述ANC技术的一些或全部，以及其他信号处理。可选地，专用数字信号处理(DSP)逻辑46可以被提供用来实施由处理电路40提供的ANC信号处理的一部分，或替代地全部。处理电路40还包括ADC21A－21C，分别用于接收来自参考麦克风R、误差麦克风E和近端语音麦克风NS的输入。DAC23A和放大器A1也由处理电路40提供用于提供变换器输出信号，包括如上所述的抗噪音。
虽然已特别参考本发明的优选实施例展示及描述本发明，但是本领域的技术人员理解可在不脱离本发明的精神及范围的情况下在其中作出上述及其他形式及细节的改变。

Claims (18)

1.一种个人音频设备，包括：
个人音频设备壳体；
安装在所述壳体上的变换器，用于再现包括回播给听者的源音频和抵抗周围音频声音在变换器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者的音频信号；
靠近变换器安装在所述壳体上的误差麦克风，用于提供指示所述变换器的所述声输出和在所述变换器处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号；以及
处理电路，其通过调适第一适应性滤波器与误差麦克风信号一致地从所述参考麦克风信号产生所述抗噪音信号以减少由听者听到的所述周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路使用源音频的频率选择性滤波来检测与周围音频声音无关的所述源音频的频率相关特征并且响应于检测所述源音频的所述特征采取动作来阻止所述抗噪音信号的不正确产生。
2.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，还包括安装在壳体上的参考麦克风，用于提供指示周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号，并且其中所述处理电路通过使用所述第一适应性滤波器滤波所述参考麦克风信号来产生所述抗噪音信号。
3.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路响应于检测到所述源音频是支配音调暂停所述次级路径适应性滤波器的调适。
4.根据权利要求3所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路使用音调检测器检测在所述源音频中的音调，所述音调检测器具有用于确定在已经检测到非音调信号之后什么时候已经检测到所述音调和什么时候正常操作可以恢复的至少一个的适应性判定标准。
5.根据权利要求4所述的个人音频设备，其中所述音调检测器响应于确定所述音调存在而增加持续计数器，并且其中所述音调检测器在持续计数器超过阈值时，确定已经检测到所述音调。
6.根据权利要求5所述的个人音频设备，其中所述音调检测器，响应于确定已经检测到所述音调，设置挂起计数为预定值，并且响应于后续确定所述音调不存在并且仅如果足够音频的源音频存在，递减挂起计数，并且其中所述音调检测器在所述挂起计数到达零时指示正常操作可以恢复。
7.一种由个人音频设备抵抗周围音频声音的影响的方法，所述方法包括：
通过调适第一适应性滤波器与误差信号一致地产生抗噪音信号以减少由听者听到的周围音频声音的存在；
将所述抗噪音信号与源音频合成；
提供合成的结果给变换器；
利用参考麦克风测量所述周围音频声音；
利用误差麦克风测量所述变换器的声输出和周围音频声音；
使用源音频的频率选择性滤波来检测与所述周围音频声音无关的所述源音频的频率相关特征；以及
响应于检测所述源音频的所述特征采取动作来阻止所述抗噪音信号的不正确产生。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，还包括
提供指示周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号；
通过利用所述第一适应性滤波器来滤波所述参考麦克风信号以产生抗噪音信号。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法，还包括响应于检测到所述源音频是支配音调暂停所述第一适应性滤波器的调适。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述检测使用适应性判定标准检测在所述源音频中的音调，适应性判定标准用于确定在已经检测到非音调信号之后什么时候已经检测到所述音调和什么时候正常操作可以恢复中的至少一个。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，还包括：
响应于确定所述音调存在而增加持续计数器；以及
在持续计数器超过阈值时，确定已经检测到所述音调。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括：
响应于确定已经检测到所述音调，设置挂起计数为预定值；
响应于后续确定所述音调不存在并且仅如果足够音频的源音频存在，递减挂起计数；以及
响应于所述挂起计数确定为零，指示正常操作可以恢复。
13.一种用于实施个人音频设备的至少一部分的集成电路，包括：
输出，用于给输出变换器提供包括回播给听者的源音频和抵抗周围音频声音在变换器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者的输出信号；
误差麦克风输入，用于接收指示所述变换器的所述声输出和在所述变换器处的所述周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号；以及
处理电路，其通过调适第一适应性滤波器与误差信号和所述参考麦克风信号一致地从所述参考麦克风信号适应性地产生所述抗噪音信号以减少由听者听到的所述周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路实施为具有塑形所述源音频的次级路径响应的次级路径滤波器和从误差麦克风信号去除所述源音频以提供所述误差信号的合成器，其中所述处理电路使用源音频的频率选择性滤波来检测所述源音频的频率相关特征并且响应于检测所述源音频的所述特征采取动作来阻止所述抗噪音信号的不正确产生。
14.根据权利要求13所述的集成电路，还包括参考麦克风输入，用于接收指示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号，且其中所述处理电路通过利用所述第一适应性滤波器来滤波所述参考麦克风信号以产生所述抗噪音信号。
15.根据权利要求13所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路响应于检测到所述源音频主导地是音调暂停所述次级路径适应性滤波器的调适。
16.根据权利要求15所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路使用音调检测器检测在所述源音频中的音调，所述音调检测器具有用于确定在已经检测到非音调信号之后什么时候已经检测到所述音调和什么时候正常操作可以恢复中的至少一个的适应性判定标准。
17.根据权利要求16所述的集成电路，其中所述音调检测器响应于确定所述音调存在而增加持续时间计数器，并且其中所述音调检测器在持续时间超过阈值时，确定已经检测到所述音调。
18.根据权利要求25所述的集成电路，其中所述音调检测器，响应于确定已经检测到所述音调，设置挂起计数为预定值，并且响应于后续确定所述音调不存在并且仅如果足够音频的源音频存在，递减挂起计数，并且其中所述音调检测器在所述挂起计数到达零时指示正常操作可以恢复。
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