CN107023561A - 特别用于支承风力发电装置转子轴的双列圆锥滚子轴承 - Google Patents

特别用于支承风力发电装置转子轴的双列圆锥滚子轴承 Download PDF

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CN107023561A
CN107023561A CN201611005834.7A CN201611005834A CN107023561A CN 107023561 A CN107023561 A CN 107023561A CN 201611005834 A CN201611005834 A CN 201611005834A CN 107023561 A CN107023561 A CN 107023561A
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ring
outer shroud
inner ring
taper roll
roll bearing
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马赛厄斯.霍夫曼
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
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    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • F16C19/386—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/51—Cages for rollers or needles formed of unconnected members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
    • F16C33/7809—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for needle roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
    • F16C33/7813—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for tapered roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
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    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/783—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the mounting region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7886—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted outside the gap between the inner and outer races, e.g. sealing rings mounted to an end face or outer surface of a race
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
    • F16C2226/50—Positive connections
    • F16C2226/60—Positive connections with threaded parts, e.g. bolt and nut connections
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    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/10—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to size
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    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其具有一个外直径至少为1米的外环(1)以及第一内环(2)和沿轴向布置于第一内环(2)旁边的第二内环(3)。此外，按本发明的圆锥滚子轴承具有一组在外环(1)和第一内环(2)之间滚动的、圆锥形的第一滚动体(4)和一组沿轴向布置于第一滚动体(4)旁边的、在外环(1)和第二内环(3)之间滚动的、圆锥形的第二滚动体(5)。按本发明的圆锥滚子轴承的独特性在于，沿轴向布置于外环(1)旁边的第一密封环(11)与外环(1)抗扭转地连接并在第一内环(2)的滑动面(16)上与其接触地滑动。

Description

特别用于支承风力发电装置转子轴的双列圆锥滚子轴承
本申请是申请日为2010年3月25日、申请号为201010209733.8和发明名称为“特别用于支承风力发电装置转子轴的双列圆锥滚子轴承”的原发明申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种被设计为大型轴承的双列圆锥滚子轴承以及一种具有这种圆锥滚子轴承的风能设备。
背景技术
大型轴承是指如下轴承，其具有一个直径为至少1米的外环。也可以使用其他的标准并特别是其他的直径值来定义大型轴承。无论如何重要的是，涉及的轴承明显地大于那些一般在日常应用中例如在轿车中应用的、外直径为几个厘米的轴承。
在大型轴承的设计中，对已知“小”轴承的轴承几何结构进行纯粹的比例放大通常是没有意义的，因为对大型轴承来说，通常是其他的标准如重量、为制造需要而采用的材料、安装花费、维修可能性等等占据首要地位。例如在DE10 2004 058 905 A1中公开了一种具有一个内环和一个外环的大型轴承，该内环和外环在圆周方向上分别由多个部分组合构成。通过这种分段设计可实现例如在出现轴承损坏时无需拆除支承轴即可更换该轴承。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是用一种适当的材料设计一个高质量的并且可靠的大型轴承。
该技术问题通过按本发明的一种设计为双列圆锥滚子轴承的大型轴承解决，其具有一个外直径至少为1米、优选至少为1.5米的外环，以及第一内环和沿轴向布置于第一内环旁边的第二内环。此外，按本发明的圆锥滚子轴承具有一组在外环和第一内环之间滚动的、圆锥形的第一滚动体和一组沿轴向布置于第一滚动体旁边的、在外环和第二内环之间滚动的、圆锥形的第二滚动体。所述圆锥滚子轴承的独特性在于，沿轴向布置于外环旁边的第一密封环与外环抗扭转地连接，并与第一内环的滑动面接触地可相对于该滑动面滑动。特别是第一密封环被完整地沿轴向布置于外环旁边。
本发明的优点在于，所述外环可以在轴向上被设计为很窄的结构，从而使制造外环需要相对较少的材料，而仍然可实现对所述圆锥滚子轴承的可靠的密封。材料的节省还带来重量的减轻。由于其较大的直径，外环轴向宽度的减小在实现材料节省方面的作用要明显地强于内环轴向宽度减小的作用。本发明另外的优点是，在安装所述圆锥滚子轴承时出现密封环损坏的风险是相对微小的。
所述第一内环和所述第二内环虽然也可以被整体地设计为一个联合在一起的环件，但优选将它们设计为两个分开的部件，该设计例如可在安装按本发明所述的圆锥滚子轴承时具有优势。
一个第二密封环可以沿轴向被布置在外环的旁边，该第二密封环与外环抗扭转地连接并且在第二内环的滑动面上与其接触地滑动。以此方式能将圆锥滚子轴承完全密封。
第一滑动面可被设计为圆柱形。由此即便在轴向上存在容差的情况下也可以确保为密封环所限定的滑动条件。特别有优势的是，所述第一滑动面被布置在所述第一内环的凸肩上。总之，所述第一内环通常由一种适合的，也就是说足够硬度的材料制造并且以高精度制成。特别是该第一滑动面是被无螺旋线痕迹地磨削过(drallfrei geschliffen)的。以此方式可以确保形状和尺寸偏差非常小的高质量表面。这就保障了毫无问题的回转和最大可能地减小磨损。
所述第一密封环可被固定在第一固定环上。该第一固定环可被固定在所述外环上。以此方式可以用较小的花费实现对所述第一密封环的可靠安置。特别是第一固定环可以通过螺栓固定在所述外环上，此外该螺栓还用于将所述外环固定在一个安装环境中。这个变型方案的优点是，固定所述第一密封环不需要额外的螺栓。
另外可能的是，所述第一密封环和所述第一固定环被设计为一个整体件结构。由此可以减少需单独操作的结构件的数量。特别是第一密封环和第一固定环可以由相同材料制成。这呈现了一个特别有效和成本低廉的制造第一密封环的变型方案。此外这样设计的密封环可以具有用于将密封环固定在外环上的沿轴向的钻孔。
所述第一密封环可以具有至少一个密封唇。该密封唇可以例如通过切削加工来制成。同样可能的是，密封唇以压铸或注塑技术或通过硫化胶合法制造。
外环和/或第一内环和/或第二内环可被设计为在周向上闭合的环。由此可以获得滚动体在滚道上的高度的机械稳定性和良好的滚动特性。
所述第一滚动体可被布置在第一保持架中。特别是该第一保持架可被设计为分段式结构。这可减小保持架机械上超负荷的危险并且能将热力膨胀的现象考虑在内。
所述第一密封环例如可由聚氨酯或聚四氟乙烯制造。当其趋向于具有一种高度的形状稳定性时，这类材料特别地适合。
所述圆锥滚子轴承可以具有作为润滑材料的油脂。因此可进行可靠的润滑。
所述圆锥滚子轴承尤其可被设计为一个风能设备的组成构件。
此外本发明涉及一个具有转子轴的风能设备，该转子轴借助按本发明的圆锥滚子轴承被可转动地支承。
附图说明
下面参考附图中描述的实施形式阐述本发明。在附图中：
图1是按本发明设计的圆锥滚子轴承的实施形式的剖面图；
图2是在图1中示出的圆锥滚子轴承的密封环的剖面图；
图3是按本发明的圆锥滚子轴承的另一个实施形式的剖面图；
图4是按本发明的圆锥滚子轴承的又一个实施形式的剖面图；以及
图5是在图4中示出的圆锥滚子轴承的密封环的剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了一个按照本发明设计的圆锥滚子轴承的实施形式的剖面图。该圆锥滚子轴承被设计为两列的结构并具有一个带有两个锥形滚道的外环1。此外该圆锥滚子轴承具有两个在轴向上并排布置的、分别带有一个锥形滚道的内环2和3。外环1和两个内环2、3在描述的实施形式中被设计为在圆周方向上闭合的环，原则上也可以采用分段式的环件。
在所述内环2的滚道和所述外环1的与之相邻的滚道上滚动着圆锥形结构的滚动体4。在所述内环3的滚道和所述外环1的与之相邻的滚道上滚动着圆锥形结构的滚动体5。所述滚动体4被布置在保持架6中，所述滚动体5被布置在保持架7中。保持架6和7在描述的实施形式中被设计为分段式结构。各保持架分段例如可以在圆周方向上依次排列，如在DE102 46 825 A1中公开的那样，并且由塑料制造。
在所述内环1上，通过螺栓10将一个固定环8固定在一个轴向侧面上并将一个固定环9固定在另外一个轴向侧面上。所述固定环8和9可以由金属或塑料制成。高品质的滚子轴承钢对于这种密封-固定功能来说不是必要的。
一个密封环11通过夹紧环12固定在所述固定环8上。所述密封环11可被设计为径向轴密封。图2以剖面图的方式示出了一种具有此设计的密封环11。
如图2具体所示，所述密封环11具有一个防尘唇13和一个密封唇14。该密封唇14通过弹簧15沿径向被向内预张紧并且接触地靠在滑动面16上，该滑动面16位于所述内环2的凸肩17上(也可参见图1)。
一个密封环18通过夹紧环19固定在所述固定环9上。所述密封环18的设计和所述密封环11类似并且接触地靠在一个滑动面20上，该滑动面20位于所述内环3的凸肩21上。
所述内环2和3可以由一种被连续淬火过的钢制成或者至少在滚道和滑动面16和20的区域中被淬火处理。该滑动面16和20以高精确度制成的并且例如是被无螺旋线痕迹地磨削过的。以此方式可以在摩擦很小的情况下实现可靠的密封并且将所述密封环11和18的密封唇14的磨损保持在低水平。
在所述圆锥滚子轴承的由所述密封环11和18密封的内部空间中有图中未示出的油脂作为润滑材料。
图1中示出的圆锥滚子轴承优选这样运行，即所述外环1处于静止而两个内环2和3相对于外环1转动。相应地，所述密封环11和18处于静止并且以其密封唇14在内环2和3的旋转的滑动面16和20上相对滑动。所述圆锥滚子轴承尤其可被作为转子轴承应用在风能设备中。如已说明的那样，鉴于滑动面16和20与密封环11和18的高品质设计，可以在长的运转时间内实现可靠的密封性。当所述密封环11和18损坏时，它们可以单独地被更换。
图3示出了按本发明的圆锥滚子轴承的另一实施形式的剖面图。这个实施形式与图1的区别在于所述密封环11和18的固定。此外图3示出了一个油脂通道22，其在所述两个内环2和3于轴向上彼此交界的地方沿径向延伸。最后在图3中还隐约示出了所述圆锥滚子轴承的安装环境。在其余方面这两个实施形式是一致的。
图3示出的安装环境涉及一个在所述圆锥滚子轴承上邻接的风能设备的剖面图。特别是示出了一个转子轴23和一个轴承壳体24。两个内环2和3位于转子轴23上并且与这个转子轴23一起转动。所述外环1布置在轴承壳体24的钻孔中并且通过沿轴向延伸的螺栓25与轴承壳体24螺栓连接。此外用螺栓25将固定环8和9固定在外环1的侧面上，因此无需另外的螺栓用于固定环8和9的固定。为了适配于安装环境，所述两个固定环8和9设计不同。密封环11和18与图1类似地用夹紧环12和19固定在固定环8和9上。夹紧环12和19用螺栓26与固定环8和9螺栓连接。密封环11和18以如图2示出的类似方式设计并且与图1的实施形式一样地在内环2和3的滑动面16和20上相对滑动。因为外环1与轴承壳体24螺栓连接，故该外环1不进行转动而是处于静止的。因此在外环1上固定的密封环11和18也处于静止并且以其密封唇14在内环2和3的、相对密封环11和18旋转的滑动面16和20上相对滑动。
图4示出了按本发明的圆锥滚子轴承的另一个实施形式的剖面图。在这个实施形式中仅仅示出了所述密封环11。相对于其的另一种选择是，也可以存在两个密封环11和18，其中未示出的密封环18的设计类似于示出的密封环11。
在图4中示出的圆锥滚子轴承的实施形式与图1和3的区别特别地在于密封环11的设计。和图1及3不同的是，密封环11未被夹紧在固定环8中，而是直接借助螺栓10和所述外环1螺栓连接。这就意味着，在图4的实施形式中省掉了固定环8和夹紧环12，并且应用了一种与图2中示出的密封环11不同的另一种实施形式。所应用的密封环11的设计参照图5作进一步说明。
在其余方面，图4的实施形式与图1和3的实施形式一致，其中在图4的实施形式中也存在已在图3中示出的油脂通道22。
图5示出了在图4中示出的圆锥滚子轴承的密封环11的剖面图。与图2类似，所述密封环11具有防尘唇13，密封唇14和弹簧15。另外密封环11还具有在轴向上延伸的通孔27，该通孔27中安装了用于接纳螺栓10的套管28。为了持久地确保所述密封环11的可靠的功能，还需要该密封环具有足够的形状稳定性。这种形状稳定性可以通过为所述密封环11选择适合的材料来实现。作为材料特别适合的有：聚氨酯(PUR)和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)。在应用这类材料的情况下，密封环11可以连续地，也就是说包括防尘唇13和密封唇14，用单一材料制成。这一制造可以通过例如车削加工或其他的切削加工方法实现。但同样也可能的是，用压铸技术或通过硫化胶合法制造所述密封环11，特别是防尘唇13和密封唇14。
附图标记清单
1-外环
2-内环
3-内环
4-滚动体
5-滚动体
6-保持架
7-保持架
8-固定环
9-固定环
10-螺栓
11-密封环
12-夹紧环
13-防尘唇
14-密封唇
15-弹簧
16-滑动面
17-凸肩
18-密封环
19-夹紧环
20-滑动面
21-凸肩
22-油脂通道
23-转子轴
24-轴承壳体
25-螺栓
26-螺栓
27-通孔
28-套管

Claims (18)

1.一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，具有：
-一个外环(1)，其外直径至少为1米，
-一个第一内环(2)，
-一个第二内环(3)，其沿轴向布置于第一内环(2)旁边，
-一组圆锥形的第一滚动体(4)，其在外环(1)和第一内环(2)之间滚动，
-一组圆锥形的第二滚动体(5)，其沿轴向布置于第一滚动体(4)旁边并在外环(1)和第二内环(3)之间滚动，
其中，沿轴向在外环(1)旁边设有一个第一密封环(11)，该第一密封环(11)与外环(1)抗扭转地连接并在第一内环(2)的滑动面(16)上与其接触地滑动，
其特征在于，第一密封环(11)通过夹紧环(12)固定在第一固定环(8)上并且第一密封环(11)在夹紧环(12)和第一固定环(8)之间被夹紧，第一固定环(8)通过螺栓(25)固定在外环(1)上，其中，滑动面(16)被无螺旋线痕迹地磨削过。
2.一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，具有：
-一个外环(1)，其外直径至少为1米，
-一个第一内环(2)，
-一个第二内环(3)，其沿轴向布置于第一内环(2)旁边，
-一组圆锥形的第一滚动体(4)，其在外环(1)和第一内环(2)之间滚动，
-一组圆锥形的第二滚动体(5)，其沿轴向布置于第一滚动体(4)旁边并在外环(1)和第二内环(3)之间滚动，
其中，沿轴向在外环(1)旁边设有一个第一密封环(11)，该第一密封环(11)与外环(1)抗扭转地连接并在第一内环(2)的滑动面(16)上与其接触地滑动，
其特征在于，第一密封环(11)固定在第一固定环(8)上，第一固定环(8)通过螺栓(25)固定在外环(1)上，第一密封环(11)和第一固定环(8)被设计为一体，其中，滑动面(16)被无螺旋线痕迹地磨削过。。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：存在一个沿轴向布置于外环(1)旁边的第二密封环(18)，该第二密封环(18)与外环(1)抗扭转地连接并且在第二内环(3)的滑动面(16)上与其接触地滑动。
4.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
第一滑动面(16)被设计为圆柱形。
5.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
第一滑动面(16)被布置在第一内环(2)的凸肩(17)上。
6.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
所述螺栓(25)还用于将所述外环(1)固定在一个安装环境中。
7.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
第一密封环(11)和第一固定环(8)由相同材料构成。
8.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
第一密封环(11)具有至少一个密封唇(14)。
9.按权利要求8所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
所述密封唇(14)通过切削加工制成。
10.按权利要求8所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
所述密封唇(14)用压铸技术制造。
11.按权利要求8所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
所述密封唇(14)通过硫化胶合法制成。
12.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
所述外环(1)和/或第一内环(2)和/或第二内环(3)被设计为在周向上闭合的环。
13.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
第一滚动体(4)布置于第一保持架(6)中。
14.按权利要求13所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
第一保持架(6)设计为分段式结构。
15.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
第一密封环(11)由聚氨酯或聚四氟乙烯制成。
16.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
它具有作为润滑材料的油脂。
17.按权利要求1或2所述的圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：
它被设计为风力发电装置的组成构件。
18.一种风力发电装置，其具有转子，该转子被固定在一个转子轴(23)上，其特征在于：
该转子轴(23)可转动地支承于按权利要求1至17之一所述的圆锥滚子轴承中。
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DE102009014923A1 (de) 2010-09-30
CN101852247A (zh) 2010-10-06
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