CN106964646A - A kind of utilization artificial ecological system efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil - Google Patents
A kind of utilization artificial ecological system efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN106964646A CN106964646A CN201710267046.3A CN201710267046A CN106964646A CN 106964646 A CN106964646 A CN 106964646A CN 201710267046 A CN201710267046 A CN 201710267046A CN 106964646 A CN106964646 A CN 106964646A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
Abstract
The method by combined contamination soil is efficiently repaired the invention discloses a kind of utilization artificial ecological system, it is that science configuration is carried out according to different longitude and latitude, different humitures and different strands pollution type, artificial constructed arbor, shrub, liana, herbaceous plant, the zoobenthos ecosystem, and the distinctive deposit microbiologic population of self-assembling formation, heavy metal in polluted soil, organic pollution is quickly effectively absorbed by the micro-organisms conversion and by plant sorption extraction, the effect of high-efficient purification soil is reached by manually harvesting aboveground vegetation.The present invention can derive the ecosystem to be repaired suitable for any soil pollution under the species configuring condition of the science of progress, with good ecological benefits and economic value.Ensureing that ecological benefits, remediation efficiency are maximized while greatly reducing rehabilitation cost and can produce certain economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of efficiently to be repaired using artificial ecological system by combined pollution the present invention relates to soil remediation field
The method of soil.
Background technology
At present, heavy metal and Organic Pollution turn into the important obstruction of influence economic development and human health, in the world
In the range of paid close attention to extensively.In China, soil contamination problem is especially prominent, essentially from modern industry, mining industry,
Smelting industry, domestic waste, agricultural chemicals abuse etc., China's economic development, human health and the quality of the life having had a strong impact on.Example
As in China's grain-production, grain heavy metals exceeding standard rate has reached 10% caused by soil pollution, and annual direct losses are up to
20000000000 yuans.
The regulation method of soil pollution includes chemical method, physical method and biological method.Although the above two instant effects,
It is that cost is high, and easily causes secondary pollution, the principle for not possessing Environmental Sustainability.Biological extraction possesses good because of it
Environment friendly and Ecological Sustainability turn into one of scholar's focus of interest in recent years.
The technology of existing restoration of the ecosystem soil pollution, such as Application No. 201310538655.X, it is entitled " to utilize
The patent of invention of the method for turfgrass restoration of the ecosystem cadmium pollution soil " is using a turfgrass Bermuda grass extraction cadmium pollution soil huge sum of money
Category；Application No. 201410778967.2, a kind of entitled " side that utilization herbaceous plant is repaired in rare-earth mining area soil ecology
The patent of invention of method " carries out soil improvement using animal wastes, and several herbaceous plant are sowed afterwards and carry out vegetation repair；Application No.
201410018435.9, the patent of invention of entitled " a kind of method of restoration of the ecosystem heavy-metal contaminated soil " uses the quick growing species of trees
Bamboo willow extracts several heavy metal species in heavy-metal contaminated soil；Application No. 201610337938.1, it is entitled " a kind of comprehensive
The patent of invention of the construction method of heavy-metal contaminated soil Ecosystem restoration system " is planted from outside to inside by excavating irrigation canals and ditches, man-made lake
Plant xylophyta, shrub plant, herbaceous plant, emergent aquactic plant and floating plant and build complicated forest zone.
Although the above technology can produce certain environmental benefit, certain soil remediation effect is reached, 1)
Ecological benefits are not maximized；2) the reparation pattern of high-speed and high-efficiency is not formed；3) economic benefit is have ignored when being particular about ecological benefits；
4) there is the risk of ecosystem collapse due to species or group's dullness in most of technology, and reproducibility is not high；5) some technologies
Cost is too high；6) some technologies extraction heavy metal species is single, or the reparation of organic pollution is not referred to；7) some technologies
Using chelating agent, secondary pollution is easily caused.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide one kind and efficiently repaired using artificial ecological system by combined pollution
The method of soil, the method overcome the drawbacks described above of prior art, can derive under the species configuring condition of the science of progress and is
The ecosystem repaired suitable for any soil pollution, with good ecological benefits and economic value.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of utilization artificial ecological system efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, according to different longitude and latitude, difference
Humiture and different strands pollution type carry out science configuration, and artificial constructed arbor, shrub, liana, herbaceous plant, bottom are dwelt
Animal ecology system, and the distinctive deposit microbiologic population of self-assembling formation, make heavy metal in polluted soil, organic pollution
It is quick to be effectively absorbed by the micro-organisms conversion and by plant sorption extraction, reach high-efficient purification soil by manually harvesting aboveground vegetation
Effect.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, it the described method comprises the following steps：
1) magaphanerophytes are chosen, its seedling is obtained from whole strain transplanting or cuttage root-taking, is highly 1.5~1.8m, seedling is moved
Plant soil depth is 10~20cm, and planting density is 30~40cm of spacing in the rows × 80~100cm of line-spacing.Apply N, P, K fertilizer before plantation
Or period topdresses；
2) zoobenthos is chosen, 5~10% cow dungs or 5% pig manure, chicken are mixed with sylvan life uniformly dispersing after arbor is colonized
Moist 2~3cm of vegetable garden soil of excrement is thick, constitutes and introduces zoobenthos after being easy to the mediation environment of zoobenthos existence, density is 0.3
~0.5kg/m2；
3) shrub and liana are chosen, is disseminated seeds at random in the vegetable garden soil of magaphanerophytes' sylvan life, later stage root
Periodically gathered according to the speed of growth；
4) choose herbaceous plant, by sow or expand it is numerous after take stem section to disseminate under high forest, and moisturizing of spraying water, until raw
Root penetrates soil, and the later stage is periodically gathered according to the speed of growth.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the arbor is selected from environmental suitability is strong, strong stress resistance, and biomass is big, tool
There are various heavy and/or organic compound contaminated high tolerance and accumulation feature, while having the arbor of certain economic value.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the arbor is honey raisin tree, camphor tree, masson pine, Chinese hemlock spruce, acacia rachii, purling withered
Tree, weeping branch banyan, bodhi tree, flame tree, araucaria, bamboo willow, false indigo, alder, Chinese pistache, diversiform-leaved poplar, mulberry tree, fortune paulownia, willow
Tree, eucalyptus, high mountain banyan, China fir and the one or more of willow combine.
Preferably, it is raw selected from environmental suitability is strong, strong stress resistance described in the shrub plant in above-mentioned technical proposal
Object amount is big, well developed root system, heavy metal and/or the organic compound contaminated shrub for having higher tolerance and an accumulation capability.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the shrub is capital peach, small pink, Ligustrum quihoui, purple leaf barberry, leaflet Huang
One or more combinations in poplar, lespedeza cuneata, gold banyan and kamuning.
Preferably, it is raw selected from environmental suitability is strong, strong stress resistance described in the liana in above-mentioned technical proposal
Object amount is big, well developed root system, heavy metal and/or the organic compound contaminated liana for having higher tolerance and an accumulation capability.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the liana is winter creeper, parthenocissus, vinca, semen momordicae, clear
Fragrant rattan, sheep breast, cypress vine, trachelospermum jasminoide or the one or more of the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine combine.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the herbaceous plant is selected from environmental suitability is strong, strong stress resistance, growth speed
Rate is fast, and biomass is relatively large, and competitiveness is strong, has to various heavy and/or organic pollution combined pollution and preferably repaiies
The herbaceous plant acted on again.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the herbaceous plant is alternanthera philoxeroides, black nightshade, ciliate desert-grass, great Ye wells side
Grass, Sedum alfredii Hance, trade route and elsholtzia splendens one or more combination.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the zoobenthos is selected from common, easy acquisition culture, activity is strong, strengthen
Soil and botanical system are to the repair of soil pollutant, scope of activities are small and easily survive zoobenthos.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the zoobenthos is the horse using plant residues such as Litter-fall, rotten wood to eat
One or more combinations in land, earthworm and saprophagous character grub.
Above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention, has the advantages that：
(1) space utilization is maximized：Different plants in structure have different ecological position and root system depth, and aerial part hangs down
Straight space greening reaches maximization, and under ground portion Root-soil interface area is maximized.
(2) time utilization is maximized：Xylophyta by taking bamboo willow as an example has high dense planting, fast-growing character.Shrub, rattan, grass
The growth cycles such as this plant lespedeza cuneata, the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, elsholtzia splendens and alternanthera philoxeroides and the speed of growth are each variant,
Ground biomass is big, and annual different time sections can multi-harvest.Zoobenthos-plant-microorganism coupling is greatly improved
The extraction of pollutant and degradation rate.
(3) applied widely, reproducibility is high：This structure provides a complicated stable ecological models, with bamboo
It is high resistance to cold and diseases accumulation plant exemplified by willow, lespedeza cuneata, the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, elsholtzia splendens and alternanthera philoxeroides, it is easy to
Temperate zone, subtropical zone, which largely pollute to be colonized in environment, to be survived.Simultaneously this structure can also promote develop into other species combination be applicable
Polluted soil under other environment.
(4) the absolute friendly of environment：Chelating agent increase is utilized before zoobenthos (such as earthworm) instead of in technology
The defect of plant absorption speed, thoroughly prevents secondary pollution, with absolute environment friendly.
(5) economic benefit：The xylophytas such as bamboo willow have high dense planting, fast-growing character, and economic value is high, it is possible to provide certain
Economic benefit.
(6) ecosystem stability：The complexity of species determines the stability of this artificial ecological system during this builds.
To sum up shown, the present invention efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil using artificial ecological system, in carry out section
The ecosystem to be repaired suitable for any soil pollution can be derived under species configuring condition, with good ecological benefits
With economic value.Ensureing that ecological benefits, remediation efficiency are maximized while greatly reducing rehabilitation cost and can produce one
Fixed economic benefit.Aerial part ecological niche difference is not only made full use of, vertical space utilization rate is maximized, and joint root
By the maximization of underground space root soil contact face product, there is provided the new approaches of restoration of the ecosystem with zoobenthos for border microorganism.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below, in order to further understand the present invention.
All experimental methods used are conventional method unless otherwise specified in following examples.
The selection of the material of embodiment 1
(1) arbor：Selection environment strong adaptability, strong stress resistance, biomass are big, with various heavy and/or organic matter
The tolerance of combined pollution height and accumulation feature, while having the arbor of certain economic value..
Preferably：To manganese, zinc, lead height accumulation honey raisin tree, to manganese, copper, zinc, lead, nickel height accumulation camphor tree, to manganese, zinc,
The masson pine and Chinese hemlock spruce of the high accumulation of lead, to zinc, the nanmu of lead height accumulation, the purling withered tree accumulated to lead, cadmium, zinc height is right
Lead, cadmium, mercury, weeping branch banyan, bodhi tree, flame tree, the araucaria of arsenic height accumulation, the fast-growing arbor accumulated to cadmium, copper, zinc, lead height
Bamboo willow, false indigo, alder, Chinese pistache, diversiform-leaved poplar, mulberry tree, fortune paulownia and willow, the fast-growing accumulated to cadmium, zinc, manganese, lead, copper height
Arbor eucalyptus, the high mountain banyan for having higher absorption ability to organic pollution, China fir and to cadmium, copper, zinc, lead and organic matter height accumulate
Fast-growing arbor willow.
(2) shrub：The compound dirt of selection environment strong adaptability, strong stress resistance, well developed root system, heavy metal and/or organic matter
It is infected with the shrub of higher tolerance and accumulation capability.
Preferably：Have the trade shrub capital peach of higher absorption ability to lead, cadmium, copper, zinc and small pink, to copper, property, chromium,
Lead, nickel have greening shrub Ligustrum quihoui, purple leaf barberry, the little leaf boxwood of relatively strong transhipment and absorbability, to the organic dirt of mineralising
The microorganism of dye thing (such as trichloro ethylene) has the undershrub lespedeza cuneata of facilitation, (such as polycyclic to organic pollution
Aromatic hydrocarbons) there is greening shrub gold banyan and the kamuning of higher absorption filter capacity.
(3) liana：Selection environment strong adaptability, strong stress resistance, biomass is big, well developed root system, to various heavy and/or
The organic compound contaminated liana for having higher tolerance and an accumulation capability.
Preferably：There are ornamental liana winter creeper, the parthenocissus of high accumulation characteristics to cadmium, lead, have to cadmium super
The vinca of accumulation characteristics, semen momordicae, Scented rattan, sheep breast, the cypress vine to cadmium with high accumulation capability and turn-over capacity, to manganese
With higher tolerance and transfer and accumulation ability, the liana trachelospermum jasminoide with manganese tailings pollution soil remediation potentiality,
There is the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine of bejuco of preferable long-term repair effect to organic contamination.
(4) herbaceous plant：Selection environment strong adaptability, strong stress resistance, growth rate are fast, and biomass is relatively large, competition
Ability is strong, there is the herbaceous plant of preferable repair to various heavy and/or organic pollution combined pollution.
Preferably：There is high cumulative paniculate rockcress seed to lead, zinc, cadmium, have high cumulative alternanthera philoxeroides, dragon to cadmium
Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, there is high cumulative ciliate desert-grass and great Ye pteris multifidas to arsenic, has high cumulative Sedum alfredii Hance to cadmium, zinc, copper, to manganese, cadmium
There is high cumulative trade route and there is high cumulative bad elsholtzia splendens to organic pollution and cadmium, copper.
(5) zoobenthos：Selection is common, easy acquisition is cultivated, activity is strong, reinforced soil-botanical system is to soil pollution
The repair of thing, scope of activities be small and the zoobenthos that easily survives.
Preferably：Using julid of the plant residues such as Litter-fall, rotten wood as food, earthworm, saprophagous character grub.
The structure of the ecosystem of embodiment 2
Experiment material：Bamboo willow, lespedeza cuneata, the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine and/or winter creeper, alternanthera philoxeroides, elsholtzia splendens, earthworm
Earthworm.
1) bamboo willow seedling is from whole strain transplanting or cuttage root-taking, when highly for 1.5~1.8m.It is every in heavy-metal contaminated soil
A bamboo willow seedling is transplanted every 30~40cm, transplanting depth is 10~20cm, and line-spacing is 80~100cm.Apply N, P, K before plantation
Fertilizer or period topdress.
2) the moist vegetable garden soil of 5~10% cow dungs (or 5% pig manure, chicken manure) is mixed with after the field planting of bamboo willow in sylvan life uniformly dispersing
2~3cm is thick, constitutes and is easy to " the mediation environment " of earthworm existence and introduces the earthworm of artificial culture afterwards, density is 0.3~0.5kg/
m2。
3) collect after lespedeza cuneata, the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine (and/or winter creeper) and elsholtzia splendens seed (fruit) in bamboo willow
Sowed in the vegetable garden soil of sylvan life.Elsholtzia splendens uses bunch planting way, cave spacing 50cm, per 7~8, cave seed.Cut leaf iron
Broom, the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine (and/or winter creeper) are disseminated at random.Soil is moistened.Alternanthera philoxeroides carries out mass rearing, after
Take under stem section (two stipes are a stem section) transplanting bamboo osiery.Soil is sprayed water alternanthera philoxeroides stem to moistening in bamboo osiery
Section is disseminated in bamboo osiery.Uniform water spray ensures soil moisture, until alternanthera philoxeroides stem section roots (about one week).Cut leaf
Cuneate lespedeza, the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, elsholtzia splendens and alternanthera philoxeroides are perennial, and the disposable transplanting later stage regards the speed of growth every year
Periodically gathered in.Regular maintenance is only limited to offer adequate water and spread with limiting alternanthera philoxeroides.
Species, which are constituted, in the above-mentioned ecosystem will take into full account that Different Climatic Zones stability group plant falls group or ecosystem knot
Structure ecological niche is constituted.
The present invention only using above-mentioned plant as preferred scheme, those skilled in the art can carry out as needed species collocation and
Selection.
Experimental example 1
The soil not by heavy metal pollution is taken, cadmium solution is applied (with CdCl by gradient2Configuration) make its cadmium concentration be respectively
0th, 5,10mg/kgDW, each three repetitions of processing.Activate within 8 weeks, reach the distribution of heavy metal in soil Cd fractionation flat
Weighing apparatus.Expand numerous alternanthera philoxeroides during activation, alternanthera philoxeroides stem section of uniform size is taken after expansion is numerous, and (each two stipes is a stem
Section) educate root in Hoagland nutrient solutions.The alternanthera philoxeroides transplanting for educating root completion is entered in the soil after activation, periodically poured
Water, it is ensured that adequate water.Cultivate after 8 weeks (i.e. July) harvest aerial part and determine Tissue distribution of the heavy metal cadmium in cauline leaf,
Whole strain harvest when September part harvest once, altogether harvests 3 times to November afterwards, while determining alternanthera philoxeroides root, stem, Ye Zhong
The concentration of cadmium in the Tissue distribution and soil of heavy metal cadmium.As a result it is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As a result show, the clearance rate of cadmium reaches 75.4%, 10mg/ in the soil of 5mg/kg Cadmium treateds after three times harvest
The clearance rate of cadmium is 60.1% in the soil of kg Cadmium treateds.
Experimental example 2
It is field test point that 80 square metres are chosen in the discarded farmland of heavy metal pollution, lead in the contaminated soil of testing site,
Copper, zinc, cadmium content are respectively 1188.9,472.9,691.6,25.8mg/kg.High about 1.5~1.8m bamboo willow seedling is transplanted,
Planting depth is 18cm, 30~40cm of strain spacing.Once topdressing based on nitrogenous fertilizer is applied during plantation.It is whole for examination Tanaka bamboo willow
Survive and well-grown.After 1 year, plant height is up to 2.0~2.5m.The soil of trial zone is taken to be tested, in bamboo willow rhizosphere soil
Lead, copper, zinc, cadmium concentration are respectively 107.1,66.2,142.2,14.1mg/kg.In addition to cadmium, other heavy metal concentrations reach
China《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》II class standard.
Experimental example 3
Gather unpolluted soil, manual simulation's Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and copper, cadmium combined pollution.P in soil CBs is set
Total concentration is 1000 μ g kg-1, and copper, cadmium total concentration are respectively 4000 and 6.0mg kg-1.Experiment is tested using greenhouse pot culture, often
Basin dress is for examination soil 2.0kg (dry weight) plantation elsholtzia splendenses, totally five repetitions.Ionized water is spent during experiment and keeps soil water-containing
Amount is 70% or so of maximum field capacity.Test period is three months.Training cultivation gathers pedotheque after terminating.It is random per basin
Mixed after collecting at 5 points.Ground 100 mesh sieve after pedotheque is dried, so that soil pollutant content is analyzed.Such as the institute of table 2
Show.
Table 2
As a result elsholtzia splendens has respectively reached 67.35% and 70.20% to the clearance of copper and PCBs after showing 90 days, right
The clearance of cadmium is 18.17%.
Experimental example 4
For the further effect of checking arbor, liana and herbaceous plant schematism to the extraction of heavy metal under the conditions of earth culture
Really, it is artificial that the pollution of heavy metal gradient is set, the contaminated condition in field is simulated, the systemic group of arbor, liana and herbaceous plant is determined
Close the influence that preservation is migrated to various heavy in soil.
Soil picks up from unpolluted farmland, fully mixes, and applies copper (100,500mg/kgDW), the zinc of various concentrations
(100,500mg/kgDW), cadmium (10,50mg/kgDW), carry out activation two months.Soil test copper, zinc, cadmium after activation
Concentration and plant bamboo willow, the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, winter creeper, elsholtzia splendens and alternanthera philoxeroides (system group), while set bamboo willow
(woody group), the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine+winter creeper (liana group), the control group of elsholtzia splendens+alternanthera philoxeroides (draft group).In greenhouse
Processing 6 months, the moisture loss of evaporation is supplemented with ultra-pure water.
Table 3
As a result show：To Copper In Surface Sediments, zinc, cadmium absorptivity, system group>Draft group>Woody group>Liana group, therefore
Arbor, shrub, herbaceous plant, the configuration of liana system are greatly facilitated effect to the remediation efficiency for improving heavy metal.It is several
Effect of the combination with Synergistic between different plant species is planted, is coordinated after zoobenthos, effect is more excellent.
Ecosystem participant's niche characteristics are made full use of in this technology, it is scientific and reasonable that shrub, liana, draft are planted
Thing is configured, and such as economic tree bamboo willow has the ability of enriched lead, copper, zinc, cadmium and chromium, and undershrub lespedeza cuneata is to ore deposit
Changing the microorganism of organic pollution has facilitation；The narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine of bejuco has to organic contamination preferably repaiies for a long time
Multiple effect；Herbaceous plant alternanthera philoxeroides high-output stress-resistance, with the high accumulation ability of various heavy based on cadmium；And for many years
Raw herbaceous plant elsholtzia splendens heavy metal and organic pollution have preferable repair；Earthworm movement scope is small, does not have
For the possibility for causing contamination, can not only change the physicochemical properties of soil by displacement strengthens root system of plant work
Property, increase pollutant in soil bioavailability, while exchangeable species content of beary metal is very high in a large amount of excrement of discharge,
Be conducive to the extraction of root system of plant heavy metal；Earthworm movement increases soil oxygen volume, promotes rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere aerobic microbiological
Degraded to organic pollution, reinforced soil-repair of the plant-microorganism system to soil pollution.
Patent of the present invention is directed to pollution sources complexity in real soil pollution, and pollutant kind is various, not single heavy metal
Or organic pollution is present, pollutant is enriched with the different feature of level in soil, and configuration enrichment pollutant kind is different, growth
Phase and the different species of root system depth, improve root soil contact face product.The introducing of zoobenthos earthworm enhances repair, by life
Thing is extracted or the time and space utilization rate of degraded is maximized.This structure is according to the different different human configurations of plant ecological potential difference simultaneously
Complicated plant population, greatly improves aerial part vertical space utilization rate, maximizes green coverage, and system is stable maximum
Change.This structure ensures ecological benefits, and also providing economic benefit, there is provided one kind that polluted soil system high efficiency is repaired is stable
Ecological model.
The invention discloses a kind of restoration of the ecosystem model of system high efficiency for combined contamination soil and technology.The model
According to different longitude and latitude, different humitures and different soils pollution type carry out science seed selection, reasonable disposition, artificial constructed complexity
Stable arbor-shrub-liana-herbaceous plant-zoobenthos ecosystem, and the distinctive edaphon of self-assembling formation
Group, makes heavy metal in polluted soil, organic pollution etc. quickly effectively be absorbed by the micro-organisms conversion and be adsorbed by plant and extracts
Take.The effect of high-efficient purification soil is reached by manually harvesting aboveground vegetation.This structure includes heavy metal and/or organic contamination
The xylophyta of thing height endurability and removing characteristic, shrub, liana, herbal screening, cultivate fixed to xylophyta
Plant, liana herbaceous plant expands numerous sowing and zoobenthos cultivates and introduced.Using different interspecies relations and ecological niche over the ground
Upper vegetation structure carries out science seed selection and reasonable disposition, and beneficial soil is introduced while the phytobiocoenose of the complicated independent stabilization of composition
Zoobenthos, with reference to edaphon system, be jointly formed subterraneous root-soil-microorganism group into complicated Rhizosphere ecosystem circle, construction
Complete artificial ecological system.This stable system will change the original biogeochemical cycle approach of pollutant in soil,
Increase the bioavailability of pollutant, the extraction to pollutant is removed and the reparation speed of soil greatly improves generation.
The present invention makes full use of the aerial part niche characteristics and underground root system ecological niche difference between different tolerance floristics, with
The weaker zoobenthos of mobility, by the activation or decomposition of rhizosphere and peculiar microbiologic population, is increased as auxiliary
Plus pollutant bioavailability while add the absorption area of pollutant.Not only have time and space utilize it is abundant
Property, and good parsimony is economically also shown, in the environment with splendid friendly.Can be fast by this structure
Fast effectively reduction soil pollutant content is there is provided extra ecological afforestation function, and appropriate Tree Species Selection can effectively drop
Certain economic well-being of workers and staff is formed while low construction cost and manual maintenance cost.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with embodiment, so it is not intended to limit the present invention, any people in the art
Member, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make a variety of selections and modification, therefore the protection model of the present invention
Enclose and limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of utilization artificial ecological system efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, it is characterised in that according to different warps
Latitude, different humitures and different strands pollution type carry out science configuration, artificial constructed arbor, shrub, liana, draft
Plant, the zoobenthos ecosystem, and the distinctive deposit microbiologic population of self-assembling formation, make heavy metal in polluted soil,
Organic pollution is quickly effectively absorbed by the micro-organisms conversion and by plant sorption extraction, and height is reached by manually harvesting aboveground vegetation
Imitate the effect of purification soil.
2. utilization artificial ecological system according to claim 1 efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, its feature
It is, the described method comprises the following steps：
1) magaphanerophytes are chosen, its seedling is obtained from whole strain transplanting or cuttage root-taking, is highly 1.5~1.8m, seedling transplanting soil
Layer depth is 10~20cm, and planting density is application N, P, K fertilizer or phase before 30~40cm of spacing in the rows × 80~100cm of line-spacing, plantation
Between topdress；
2) zoobenthos is chosen, 5~10% cow dungs or 5% pig manure, chicken manure is mixed with sylvan life uniformly dispersing after arbor is colonized
Moist 2~3cm of vegetable garden soil is thick, constitutes and is easy to after the mediation environment of zoobenthos existence to introduce zoobenthos, and density is 0.3~
0.5kg/m2；
3) shrub and liana are chosen, is disseminated seeds at random in the vegetable garden soil of magaphanerophytes' sylvan life, the later stage is according to life
Long speed is periodically gathered in；
4) choose herbaceous plant, by sow or expand it is numerous after take stem section to disseminate under high forest, and moisturizing of spraying water, until bundle of taking root
Enter soil, the later stage is periodically gathered according to the speed of growth.
3. utilization artificial ecological system according to claim 1 efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, it is special
Levy and be, the arbor is selected from environmental suitability is strong, strong stress resistance, and biomass is big, with various heavy and/or organic matter
The tolerance of combined pollution height and accumulation feature, while having the arbor of certain economic value.
4. utilization artificial ecological system according to claim 3 efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, it is special
Levy and be, the arbor be honey raisin tree, camphor tree, masson pine, Chinese hemlock spruce, acacia rachii, purling withered tree, weeping branch banyan, bodhi tree, flame tree,
Araucaria, bamboo willow, false indigo, alder, Chinese pistache, diversiform-leaved poplar, mulberry tree, fortune paulownia, willow, eucalyptus, high mountain banyan, China fir and willow
One or more combinations.
5. utilization artificial ecological system according to claim 1 efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, it is special
Levy and be, selected from environmental suitability is strong, strong stress resistance described in the shrub and liana, biomass is big, well developed root system, right
Heavy metal and/or the organic compound contaminated shrub and liana for having higher tolerance and an accumulation capability.
6. utilization artificial ecological system according to claim 5 efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, it is special
Levy and be, the shrub is capital peach, small pink, Ligustrum quihoui, purple leaf barberry, little leaf boxwood, lespedeza cuneata, gold banyan and nine
In one or more combinations in perfume (or spice)；The liana is winter creeper, parthenocissus, vinca, semen momordicae, Scented rattan, sheep
Breast, cypress vine, trachelospermum jasminoide or one or more combinations of the narrow leaf fruit of Chinese magnoliavine.
7. utilization artificial ecological system according to claim 1 efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, it is special
Levy and be, the herbaceous plant is selected from environmental suitability is strong, strong stress resistance, and growth rate is fast, and biomass is relatively large, competition
Ability is strong, there is the herbaceous plant of preferable repair to various heavy and/or organic pollution combined pollution.
8. utilization artificial ecological system according to claim 7 efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, it is special
Levy and be, the herbaceous plant is that alternanthera philoxeroides, black nightshade, ciliate desert-grass, great Ye pteris multifidas, Sedum alfredii Hance, trade route and Haizhou are fragrant
Ru one or more combinations.
9. utilization artificial ecological system according to claim 1 efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, it is special
Levy and be, the zoobenthos is selected from common, easy culture, strong activity, reinforced soil and the botanical system of obtaining to soil dirt
Contaminate the zoobenthos that the repair of thing, scope of activities are small and easily survive.
10. utilization artificial ecological system according to claim 9 efficiently repairs the method by combined contamination soil, it is special
Levy and be, the zoobenthos is julid, earthworm and one kind of saprophagous character grub using plant residues such as Litter-fall, rotten wood to eat
Or multiple combinations.
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