CN110576036A - Plant planting and repairing method for lead-zinc contaminated soil - Google Patents
Plant planting and repairing method for lead-zinc contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN110576036A CN110576036A CN201910845151.XA CN201910845151A CN110576036A CN 110576036 A CN110576036 A CN 110576036A CN 201910845151 A CN201910845151 A CN 201910845151A CN 110576036 A CN110576036 A CN 110576036A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant planting and repairing method for lead-zinc contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps: arbor, shrub, vine and herb are selected to be planted in the lead-zinc mine area polluted soil for culture, and the lead-zinc polluted soil is repaired; in the early stage of planting arbors, shrubs, vines and herbs, after survival and stability, applying a soil conditioner, a stabilizer, an inorganic fertilizer and a farmyard manure on a planting field according to soil fertility of the planting field; after the plants survive, the migration and conversion efficiency of heavy metals in the soil is evaluated irregularly, and the enrichment efficiency of arbors, shrubs, vines and herbs is evaluated. The depth of the lead-zinc contaminated soil plant planting and repairing method for repairing the soil can reach tens of meters, a stereoscopic repairing structure integrating arbors, shrubs, vines and herbs is formed on a spatial structure, the planted wood can be used, the biomass is large, secondary treatment is not needed, and no secondary pollution is generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment restoration, in particular to a method for restoring lead-zinc polluted soil by plant planting.
Background
The exploitation and utilization of mineral resources is an engine of economic development in a specific period, but the cost is that the environment is seriously polluted. The zinc smelting process by the earth method is the most popular process with the lowest cost, lead and zinc dust generated by the production of the zinc smelting process is diffused in the atmosphere along with the flowing of high-temperature smoke dust and enters the surrounding soil through natural sedimentation or rain sedimentation, so that a large amount of heavy metals are accumulated in mining areas and the surrounding soil. Heavy metals are stable in soil, cannot be degraded and are difficult to remove. Meanwhile, heavy metals can migrate into crops when the crops grow, so that the human health is influenced. Through the scouring and soaking effects of surface water, heavy metals can also migrate into the water body, and the water supply environment is polluted. Remediation of heavy metal pollution of soil becomes an environmental problem which needs to be solved urgently.
In recent years, plant restoration technology which is green, environment-friendly and low in restoration cost and suitable for large-area popularization becomes a hot point of research. The technology has the advantages of no damage to the soil structure, no secondary pollution, low cost, simple operation and the like, is a reliable and easily accepted polluted soil restoration technology with development potential, has more literatures of soil pollution restoration of lead and zinc mining areas in domestic and foreign research literatures, mostly focuses on physical restoration and herbal plant restoration, and can generate secondary pollution after restoration. Most of the existing restoration technologies adopt a single method and have limited effect, and the restoration effect of three-dimensional space and deep soil is difficult to achieve.
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc polluted soil, which aims at lead-zinc polluted mining areas, can restore the soil to a depth of tens of meters, forms a three-dimensional restoration structure integrating arbors, shrubs, vines and herbs in a spatial structure, can be used for planted wood, has large biomass, does not need secondary treatment and does not generate secondary pollution.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil comprises the following steps:
Step one, planting arbors, shrubs, vines and herbs in the lead-zinc mine area polluted soil for culture, and completing restoration of the lead-zinc polluted soil;
Step two, in the early stage of planting trees, shrubs, vines and herbs, after survival is stable, applying a soil conditioner, a stabilizer, an inorganic fertilizer and a farmyard manure to the planting field according to the soil fertility of the planting field;
And step three, after planting and surviving, estimating the migration and conversion efficiency of heavy metals in the soil irregularly, and estimating the enrichment efficiency of trees, shrubs, vines and herbs.
Further, the arbor is interplanted by one or more of cedar, phoenix tree, willow, fir tree, pine tree, birch and camphor tree.
Further, the shrub is one or more of rhododendron, roxburgh rose, camellia sasanqua, erythrina indica, cinnamomum japonicum, cycas, glossy privet, boxwood, Chinese mahonia, tortoise shell and holly root, fire and bamboo.
Furthermore, the vines are one or more interplanted of the creeper, the wild grapes, the holboellia latifolia, the bock greenbrier rhizome, the mucuna birdwoodiana, the ivy, the paederia scandens, the lonicera cuneata, the ivy and the wild pueraria.
Furthermore, the herbaceous plants are interplanted by one or more than one of dandelion, clover, alfalfa, milk vetch, tall fescue and safflower.
Further, in the second step, the ratio of the soil conditioner to the stabilizer to the inorganic fertilizer to the farmyard manure is any ratio.
Further, edible plants cannot be planted in the planted plants, and edible plants are really needed to be planted, and food safety evaluation is needed.
Furthermore, the enrichment efficiency of the planted arbor, shrub, vine and herb plants on the pollution factors is higher than 75%, and the content of the heavy metal pollution factors is higher than that of the same plants in other areas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
Because the lead-zinc mining area soil is seriously polluted, the lead-zinc mining area soil is not suitable for planting crops and is mostly in a waste state, the waste of soil resources is caused, and the soil pollution is aggravated. According to the invention, trees, shrubs, vines and herbaceous plants are selected as main plants for soil remediation, so that an integrated three-dimensional remediation structure is formed, the planted wood can be used, the biomass is large, secondary treatment is not required, and no secondary pollution is generated. As the root systems of arbors, shrubs and vines are developed, the repairing depth can reach dozens of meters, and the repairing effect is very ideal. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional repair structure is beneficial to water purification and has better economic benefit.
Detailed Description
the following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The first embodiment is as follows:
A method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil comprises the following steps:
step one, arbor, shrub, vine and herb are selected to be planted in the lead-zinc mine area polluted soil for culture, and the lead-zinc polluted soil is repaired. The arbor is one or more of Japanese cedar, Firmiana platanifolia, willow, fir, pine, birch and camphor tree; the shrub is one or more of rhododendron, fructus Rosae Normalis, Camellia japonica, Camellia sasanqua, Aleurites fordii, Cinnamomum japonicum, cycas, Ligustrum lucidum ait, Buxus sinica, Chinese Mahonia, ilex testudinis, fire , and bamboo; the rattan is interplanted with one or more of radix Seu caulis Parthenocissi Tricuspidatae, wild grape, radix Bayue Cucumidis Sativi, rhizoma Smilacis Bockii, radix seu caulis Mucunae Sempervirentis, caulis Hederae sinensis, herba Paederiae, herba Cayatiae Japonicae, caulis Hederae sinensis, and radix Puerariae Lobatae; the herb is one or more of herba Taraxaci, herba Trifolii Pratentis, herba Medicaginis, flos Spiraeae Fortunei, herba Cymbopogonis Citrari, herba Imperatae, and flos Carthami. When growing plants, species that are easy to survive are preferentially selected according to the geographical location of the location.
In the implementation, willow is optimally selected for arbors, camellia is optimally selected for shrubs, bock greenbrier rhizome is optimally selected for vines, and dandelion is optimally selected for herbs.
And step two, applying a soil conditioner, a stabilizer, an inorganic fertilizer and a farmyard manure to the planting field according to the soil fertility of the planting field after the survival is stable in the early stage of planting the cryptomeria fortunei, the camellia, the bock greenbrier rhizome and the dandelion. The proportion of the soil conditioner to the stabilizer to the inorganic fertilizer to the farmyard manure is any proportion.
And step three, after planting and surviving, estimating the migration and conversion efficiency of heavy metals in the soil at irregular intervals, and estimating the enrichment efficiency of the cedar, the camellia, the bock greenbrier rhizome and the dandelion.
Edible plants cannot be planted on the planted plants, and the edible plants are really needed to be planted, so that food safety evaluation is needed.
the enrichment efficiency of the planted cryptomeria fortunei, camellia, bock greenbrier rhizome and dandelion on pollution factors is 80%, and the content of heavy metal pollution factors is higher than that of the same plants in other areas. And the restoration depth of the plants is more than 1 m or the plants are restored to a rock stratum.
example two:
A method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil comprises the following steps:
step one, arbor, shrub, vine and herb are selected to be planted in the lead-zinc mine area polluted soil for culture, and the lead-zinc polluted soil is repaired. The arbor is one or more of Japanese cedar, Firmiana platanifolia, willow, fir, pine, birch and camphor tree; the shrub is one or more of rhododendron, fructus Rosae Normalis, Camellia japonica, Camellia sasanqua, Aleurites fordii, Cinnamomum japonicum, cycas, Ligustrum lucidum ait, Buxus sinica, Chinese Mahonia, ilex testudinis, fire , and bamboo; the rattan is interplanted with one or more of radix Seu caulis Parthenocissi Tricuspidatae, wild grape, radix Bayue Cucumidis Sativi, rhizoma Smilacis Bockii, radix seu caulis Mucunae Sempervirentis, caulis Hederae sinensis, herba Paederiae, herba Cayatiae Japonicae, caulis Hederae sinensis, and radix Puerariae Lobatae; the herb is one or more of herba Taraxaci, herba Trifolii Pratentis, herba Medicaginis, flos Spiraeae Fortunei, herba Cymbopogonis Citrari, herba Imperatae, and flos Carthami. When growing plants, species that are easy to survive are preferentially selected according to the geographical location of the location.
In the implementation, pine trees are optimally selected for trees, roxburgh roses are optimally selected for shrubs, wild grapes are optimally selected for vines, and clovers are optimally selected for herbs.
And step two, applying a soil conditioner, a stabilizer, an inorganic fertilizer and a farmyard manure to the planting field according to the soil fertility of the planting field after the pine trees, the roxburgh roses, the wild grapes and the clovers are stably survived in the early stage of planting. The proportion of the soil conditioner to the stabilizer to the inorganic fertilizer to the farmyard manure is any proportion.
And step three, after planting and surviving, estimating the migration and conversion efficiency of the heavy metals in the soil at irregular intervals, and estimating the enrichment efficiency of pine trees, roxburgh roses, wild grapes and clovers.
edible plants cannot be planted on the planted plants, and the edible plants are really needed to be planted, so that food safety evaluation is needed.
The enrichment efficiency of the planted pine trees, the rosa roxburghii tratt, the wild grapes and the clovers on pollution factors is 78%, and the content of the heavy metal pollution factors is higher than that of the same plants in other areas. And the restoration depth of the plants is more than 1 m or the plants are restored to a rock stratum.
According to the method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil, the lead-zinc mining area soil is seriously contaminated, is not suitable for planting crops and is mostly in a waste state, so that the waste of soil resources is caused, and the soil pollution is increased. According to the invention, trees, shrubs, vines and herbaceous plants are selected as main plants for soil remediation, so that an integrated three-dimensional remediation structure is formed, the planted wood can be used, the biomass is large, secondary treatment is not required, and no secondary pollution is generated. As the root systems of arbors, shrubs and vines are developed, the repairing depth can reach dozens of meters, and the repairing effect is very ideal. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional repair structure is beneficial to water purification and has better economic benefit. .
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step one, planting arbors, shrubs, vines and herbs in the lead-zinc mine area polluted soil for culture, and completing restoration of the lead-zinc polluted soil;
step two, in the early stage of planting trees, shrubs, vines and herbs, after survival is stable, applying a soil conditioner, a stabilizer, an inorganic fertilizer and a farmyard manure to the planting field according to the soil fertility of the planting field;
And step three, after planting and surviving, estimating the migration and conversion efficiency of heavy metals in the soil irregularly, and estimating the enrichment efficiency of trees, shrubs, vines and herbs.
2. The method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arbor is one or more of Japanese cedar, phoenix tree, willow, fir tree, pine tree, birch and camphor tree.
3. The method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shrub is one or more of rhododendron, fructus Rosae Normalis, Camellia japonica, Camellia sasanqua, Aleurites fordii, Cinnamomum japonicum, cycas, Ligustrum lucidum ait, Buxus sinica, Mahonia fortunei, ilex testudinis, fire , and bamboo.
4. the method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rattan is interplanted by one or more of radix Seu caulis Parthenocissi Tricuspidatae, wild grape, radix Bayue Cucumidis Sativi, rhizoma Smilacis Bockii, radix seu caulis Mucunae Sempervirentis, caulis Hederae sinensis, herba Paederiae, herba Cladosporiae Lanceolatae, caulis Hederae sinensis, and radix Puerariae Lobatae.
5. the method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the herbaceous plants are one or more interplanted plants of dandelion, clover, alfalfa, milk vetch, tall fescue, fescue and safflower.
6. The method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the ratio of the soil conditioner to the stabilizer to the inorganic fertilizer to the farmyard manure is any ratio.
7. The method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: edible plants cannot be planted on the planted plants, and the edible plants are really needed to be planted, so that food safety evaluation is needed.
8. The method for plant cultivation and restoration of lead-zinc contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the enrichment efficiency of the planted arbor, shrub, vine and herb plants on the pollution factors is higher than 75%, and the content of the heavy metal pollution factors is higher than that of the same plants in other areas.
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| CN112219484A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 泉州师范学院 | Method for safely utilizing lead-polluted soil |
| CN113369299A (en) * | 2021-06-19 | 2021-09-10 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Method for restoring farmland with light and medium cadmium pollution by utilizing radix puerariae |
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