CN106734134A - A kind of Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure - Google Patents
A kind of Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure, specifically heavy metal IA soil sample is investigated, there is the plant of accumulation ability in the grown on soil heavy metal of heavy metal pollution, when plant growth to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor, when plant growth to maturity period, heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator is sprayed to it, gathered in the plant senescence phase, realized the removal of heavy metal pollution.Heavy metal have the plant of accumulation ability refer to plant green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, leaflet Chinese wax, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, leaf shrub lespedeza wide can be recommended as Pb-Zn ore district ecological recovery plant it is standby.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides a kind of Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure, belongs to ecological pollution control field.
Background technology
The development and utilization of mineral resources, while great economic benefit is brought to society, also result in environmental pollution.
In the exploitation of Pb-Zn ore district, the direct discharge of mining wastewater and ore dressing waste liquid, and barren rock and mine tailing slag stacking and pouring
Filter, makes mining area and Soil Surrounding have accumulated substantial amounts of heavy metal and not only causes soil quality decline, ecosystem degradation, crops
The underproduction, also seriously threatens health, therefore the improvement of Pb-Zn ore district is repaired and turns into current urgently to be resolved hurrily great both at home and abroad
Problem.In recent years, rehabilitation cost few to environmental perturbation it is low and can the phytoremediation technology of large scale application arise at the historic moment,
New approach is provided to administer heavy metal pollution of soil, is found and screening heavy metal super-enriched plant, resistance plant and patience
Plant is to carry out mine and its discarded ground vegetation repair and rebuild and the premise to the reparation of contaminated soil and basis.
In Pb-Zn ore district, the pollution such as Pb, Zn, Cd is more serious, due to long-term evolution and the result of natural selection, some plants
Thing may bud into have Pb, Zn, Cd patience higher and be likely to become to have the contaminated soils such as Pb, Zn, Cd repairs energy
The species of power.It is documented, in typical lead zinc ore combined contamination area, leaf mustard and rape have very strong adaptation and absorption energy
Power, the especially absorption of heavy metal Cd, have all reached the level of more than 100mg/kg；Certain enrichment energy is also shown to Pb
The level of power, up to 3000mg/kg or so.Therefore, herein with Pb-Zn ore district as test plot, the advantage in region is planted
Thing is sampled and is analyzed, and inquires into absorption and the accumulation characteristic of its heavy metal, to filter out more suitable Pb-Zn ore districts and week
The restoration of the ecosystem plant of side soil provides theoretical foundation.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim at solution above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil reparation side
Method, the soil of the heavy metal pollution of this area is cadmium, lead, copper, zinc pollution or combined pollution, is planted on the soil of heavy metal pollution
Planting heavy metal has the plant of accumulation ability, when plant growth to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor, works as plant
Thing grows to the maturity period, and heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator is sprayed to it, is gathered in the plant senescence phase, realizes heavy metal-polluted
The removal of dye.
The soil of described heavy metal pollution is cadmium, lead, copper, zinc pollution refer to that cadmium single factor contaminant index is 1-30, zinc
Single factor contaminant index is 1-25, and lead single factor contaminant index is 1-6, and copper single factor contaminant index is 2-5, described single-factor
Pollution index refers to Pi=Ci/Si, in formula：PiIt is pollutant in soil, i is single factor contaminant index；CiRepresent soil pollutant i
Measured value；SiThe pollution starting critical value of pollutant in soil i is represented, single factor contaminant index grade scale is：Pi＜ 1 is clear
It is clean；1≤Pi＜ 2 gently pollutes；2≤PiPolluted in ＜ 3；Pi>=3 heavily contaminateds.
The soil of described heavy metal pollution is that cadmium, lead, copper, zinc combined pollution refer to contain cadmium, lead, copper, zinc in soil
Two or more heavy metal pollution, wherein, cadmium single factor contaminant index is 6.040, and zinc single factor contaminant index is 5.520, lead
Single factor contaminant index is 5.040, and copper single factor contaminant index is 3.900, and described single factor contaminant index refers to Pi=Ci/
Si, in formula：PiIt is pollutant in soil, i is single factor contaminant index；CiRepresent the measured value of soil pollutant i；SiRepresent soil
The pollution starting critical value of pollutant i in earth, single factor contaminant index grade scale is：Pi＜ 1 is cleaned；1≤Pi＜ 2 gently pollutes；
2≤PiPolluted in ＜ 3；Pi>=3 heavily contaminateds.
Heavy metal have the plant of accumulation ability refer to plantation green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis,
In acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, leaflet Chinese wax, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, leaf shrub lespedeza wide two
Plant above plant；Described acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, leaflet Chinese wax are repaiied without spray plant growth inhibitor and heavy metal pollution
Multiple accelerator, and do not gathered in, only collect dead leaf；To annual green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, North China indigo plant basin
Flower, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, leaf shrub lespedeza wide are gathered in from root.
Described plant growth inhibitor is maleic hydrazide, and it sprays mass concentration for 0.1-0.5%, more preferably sprays
It is 0.25% to apply mass concentration.
Described heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator is thiocarbamide, and described thiocarbamide is commonly used with agricultural chemicals in use
Complementary bonding reagent is shared, and thiocarbamide sprays mass concentration for 0.8-1.2%, and more preferably spraying mass concentration is
0.9%.
In the present invention plant green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, the tip
Melon, Dracocephalum moldavica, leaflet Chinese wax, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, leaf shrub lespedeza heavy metal ion wide have certain suction
, can be down to for the heavy metal of soil through the plantation of 1-3 by attached ability《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》Three-level
Standard value.
Plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide of the invention sprays maleic hydrazide in plant growth to growth period in the stage, drop
The growth growth of low plant, but under photosynthesis power, plant is in the optimum growh phase, and growing power is strong, is sprayed in the stage
Maleic hydrazide be conducive to by the absorption of the heavy metal in soil (because soil also has certain adsorptivity, so, by the weight in soil
Metal adsorption out needs certain active force).The amount of spraying must be controlled strictly during spraying, and spray excessive, plant growth
Power glides, and is unfavorable for the absorption of plant, is easily chemically reacted with heavy metal ion after falling into ground, further contaminated soil；
Spray very few, do not have facilitation.
In plant growth to maturity period, thiocarbamide sticks to plant to the heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide that the present invention is sprayed
Blade face or rhizome part, thiocarbamide are easily infiltrated through in plant leaf surface or in rhizome portion, are easily sent out with the heavy metal adsorbed in growth period
Raw complex reaction, forms insoluble compound and is deposited in plant, after the maturity period, is easy to gather in and removes.Described thiocarbamide exists
During use and agricultural chemicals in commonly use complementary bonding reagent share (described conventional complementary bonding reagent can for form sediment
Powder, carboxymethylcellulose calcium etc.), the thiocarbamide amount of spraying can be somewhat excessive, but must be strict controlled in it is a certain amount of within.It is somewhat excessive
Afterwards, plant further growth can be promoted, it is also possible to as soil nutriment in a fertilizer, if the amount of spraying is excessive, is occurred with the heavy metal in soil
Just it is difficult point to be again separate out after complexing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 sample collections point schematic diagram
Specific embodiment
Materials and methods
Sample plot
Experimental field positioned at the Hebei province Baoding Region northwestward, Taihang Mountain the North, domestic The surrounding mountains are like the billows of the sea, belongs to warm temperate zone continent row
Monsoon climate, mountain climate feature is notable, 8 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, and average annual rainfall 508mm is so that zonal soil is brown earth
Soil and drab soil.Vegetation belongs to North China Flora fauna.The domestic mineral resources species in this area is more, and taste is high, buries shallow, and reserves are big,
At present, 43 kinds of mineral products, wherein more than 100 ten thousand tons of Pb-Zn deposits reserves have been verified.This experimental field Pb-Zn deposits be one collection exploitation and process
Privately owned large enterprise, be in be production in, mining area circumferential distribution has large area village.
Sample collection
As shown in figure 1, centered on the area of heavy metal pollution most serious, respectively in minery (A areas), half way up the mountain and fortune
Mining area (B areas), plant area and mine tailing area (C areas), Schattenseite half way up the mountain (D areas), old minery (E areas) are with setting 5 investigation samples.Every
Individual investigation sample on the ground, according to random distributed points method, collects 5 0-30cm tables soil, is then mixed and takes 1kg as the investigation
The pedotheque on sample ground, collects altogether 5 pedotheques.Meanwhile, in each investigation sample ground, 15 kinds of plants (being shown in Table 1) are planted,
It is under the jurisdiction of 11 sections, 15 category, every kind of Plant choosing 6-8 plants, whole strain collection is standby.Therefore, 5 investigate samples on the ground, soil and
Plant one has 21 sample collection points.(note：Landslide, the soil body caused and within 2012 storm in Schattenseite half way up the mountain (D areas) there is
Destroyed)
1 16 kinds of dominant plants of table
Sample treatment and analysis
Soil pretreatment and heavy metal content in soil are determined
The debris such as rubble, plant undesirable root in removal pedotheque, cross 100 mesh sieves standby after air-drying.Using HNO3-HF-
HClO4Method resolution method, the content of lead Pb, zinc Zn, chromium Cr, cadmium Cd, copper Cu and arsenic As is determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Plant pre-processes and plant Analysis of Heavy Metals
Plant sample is rinsed well, point ground, under ground portion are divided in different paper bags after drying, and mark.It is put into
105 DEG C of de-enzyme 45min of air dry oven, then dry 72h to constant weight for 70 DEG C.Ground, under ground portion are distinguished after taking out sample
Weigh, be positioned over ventilating and cooling place preservation.Using HNO3：HClO4(8:2) clear up, lead (Pb), zinc are determined with ICP-AES methods
(Zn), the content of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and the heavy metal species of arsenic (As) 6.
Evaluation criterion and method
Soil Contamination Evaluation standard and method
Soil Contamination Evaluation standard is used《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》III Standard value,
The pollution warning value of Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr and As is respectively 400,500,1.0,500,300 and 40mgkg-1(pH ＞ 6.5).
Evaluation method utilizes single factor index number technique and Water quality assessment and prediction.
(1) single_factor contaminant index：Pi=Ci/Si
In formula：PiIt is pollutant in soil, i is single factor contaminant index；CiRepresent the measured value of soil pollutant i；SiGeneration
The pollution starting critical value of table pollutant in soil i.Single factor contaminant index grade scale is：Pi＜ 1 is cleaned；1≤Pi＜ 2 is light
Pollution；2≤PiPolluted in ＜ 3；Pi>=3 heavily contaminateds.
(2) Ni Meiluo composite index laws：PIt is comprehensive=[(PMAX 2+PAVE 2)/2]1/2
In formula：PMAXRepresent the maximum in all heavy metal contamination indexes；PAVEIt is putting down for each pollution index of soil
Average.Ni Meiluo comprehensive pollution indexes grade scales are：P≤l, cleaning；1 ＜ P≤2, light pollution；2 ＜ P≤3, middle pollution；P ＞
3, heavily contaminated.
(3) grade scale of heavy metal pollution of soil degree
The comprehensive pollution indexes calculated with evaluation model, it is necessary to soil environment quality grade scale is carried out, by synthesis
Pollution index and grade scale carry out network analysis to the heavy metal on investigation sample ground, to determine the pollution level on investigation sample ground.Soil
Earth quality classification standard is shown in Table 2.
The soil quality classification standard of table 2
Plants enriched and turn-over capacity evaluation criterion and method
Heavy metal accumulation coefficient B CF (Bioconcentration Factor) refers to the constituent content at a certain position of plant
It is one of the index for evaluating plants enriched heavy metal ability with the ratio between respective element content in soil.
Its computing formula is：BCF=M (a part)/M (soil)
It is plant shoot and root content of beary metal that heavy metal transports coefficient T CF (Tanslocation Factor)
Ratio, can embody the ability that plant transports heavy metal ion from root to overground part[8-11]。
Its computing formula is：In TCF=M (overground part)/M (root) formula：M represents a certain heavy metal ion content (mg.kg-1).The Heavy Metal Pollution analysis of soil
(table 3) is found by the measure to each investigation sample ground heavy metal in soil content, the weight of difference investigation sample ground soil
Metallic pollution degree is different.With《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》Grade III Standard is compared, silver-colored mountain pass Pb-Zn deposits A
Area's Cd, Pb, Zn content shows as exceeded in various degree, respectively 6.040,1.400,5.520 times of standard value；Cd, Zn contain in B areas
Amount shows as exceeded in various degree, respectively 1.360,1.474 times of standard value；Cd, Pb, Zn show as severe overweight in C areas,
Respectively 27.800,5.040,22.800 times of standard value；Cd, Cu, Zn show as severe overweight, respectively standard value in D areas
8.100,3.900,6.080 times；E areas Cd, Pb, Zn content show as in various degree it is exceeded, respectively standard value 2.960,
1.484th, 3.020 times.As can be seen here, five contents of area Cd, Zn of silver-colored mountain pass A, B, C, D, E have exceeded in various degree, while
Pb, Cu are also the exceeded heavy metal element in the mining area.
The contents of heavy metal elements on 5 investigation sample ground is entered to advance using single factor index number technique and Ni Meiluo composite index laws
One step analyzes (table 3)：From the point of view of single factor contaminant index, the single factor contaminant index of Cd is 6.040 in A areas, is rendered as severe
Pollution, the single factor contaminant index of Pb is 1.400, is rendered as slight pollution, and the single factor contaminant index of Zn is 5.520, is presented
It is serious pollution；Analysis show that Ni Meiluo composite indexes are 4.557 (P>3), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion contamination characteristics in A areas are
Cd, Pb, Zn severe combined pollution, the class of pollution are 5 (referring to tables 2).
The single factor contaminant index of Cd is 1.360 in B areas, is rendered as slight pollution, and the single factor contaminant index of Zn is
1.474, it is rendered as slight pollution；Analysis show that Ni Meiluo composite indexes are 1.135 (1<P<2), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion in B areas
Contamination characteristics are the slight combined pollution of Cd, Zn, and the class of pollution is 3.
The single factor contaminant index of Cd, Pb, Zn is respectively 27.800,5.040,22.800 in C areas, is rendered as severe dirty
Dye；Analysis show that Ni Meiluo composite indexes are 20.767 (P>3), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion contamination characteristics in C areas are Cd, Pb, Zn
Severe combined pollution, the class of pollution is 5.
The single factor contaminant index of Cd, Cu, Zn is respectively 8.100,3.900,6.080 in D areas, is rendered as severe dirty
Dye；Analysis show that Ni Meiluo composite indexes are 6.149 (P>3), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion contamination characteristics in D areas are Cd, Cu, Zn weight
Degree combined pollution, the class of pollution is 5.
The single factor contaminant index of Cd is 2.960 in E areas, is rendered as intermediate pollution, and the single factor contaminant index of Pb is
1.484, slight pollution is rendered as, the single factor contaminant index of Zn is 3.020, is rendered as serious pollution；Analysis draws Ni Meiluo
Composite index is 2.339 (2<P≤3), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion contamination characteristics in E areas are Cd, Pb, Zn moderate combined pollution, dirty
Dye grade is 4.
The content of beary metal and pollution index (mg.kg of the Baoding Region of table 3 silver mountain pass Pb-Zn ore district soil-1)
*C：Cleaning；L：Light pollution；M：Middle pollution；H：Heavily contaminated
The enrichment of plant sample heavy metal and turn-over capacity are analyzed
The concentration coefficient and transhipment coefficient of the Baoding Region of table 4 silver mountain pass Pb-Zn ore district dominant plant
Understood by measure (table 4, table 5) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to silver-colored mountain pass A areas, dog tail
Careless aerial part is respectively 1.230,493.000 to the enriching quantity of Cd, Zn, root is respectively 2.320 to the enriching quantity of Cd, Zn,
859.000, overground part BCF is respectively 0.204,0.179, respectively less than 1；Root is 0.800 to the accumulation ability of As, from green bristlegrass
Growing way in the mining area sees, does well, and illustrates that it has certain patience to Cd, Zn, As, can be used as the ecological recovery plant in the area
It is standby.
Twigs of the chaste tree aerial part is respectively 2.200,9.100,18.500, overground part BCF difference to the enriching quantity of Cr, Cu, Pb
Be 0.055,0.552,0.026, respectively less than 1, from the twigs of the chaste tree in terms of the growing way in the mining area, do well, illustrate its to have Cr, Cu,
The certain patience of Pb, can be standby as the ecological recovery plant in the area.
The silver medal mountain pass Pb-Zn deposits A areas dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table 5
Understood by measure (table 4, table 6) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to silver-colored mountain pass B areas, it is small red
Chrysanthemum aerial part is 0.520 to the enriching quantity of Cd, and overground part BCF is respectively 0.382, respectively less than 1, from small red chrysanthemum in the mining area
Growing way sees, does well, and illustrates that it is stronger to Cd patience, can be standby as the ecological recovery plant in the area.
The root of straight ladybell overground part is respectively 0.500,22.800,67.300 to the enriching quantity of Cr, Cu, Zn, and root is to Cr, Cu, Zn
Enriching quantity be respectively 1.300,17.000,132.000, overground part BCF is respectively 0.007,0.618,0.091, respectively less than 1；
The root of straight ladybell is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 1.341,0.510) to the turn-over capacity of Cu, Zn, wherein being more than 1 to Cu transhipment coefficients；From the root of straight ladybell
From the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates its better resistance to Cu, and the patience to Cr, Zn is stronger, can be used as the area
Ecological recovery plant is standby.
Scabiosa tschiliensis overground part is 4.200 to the enriching quantity of Pb, and root is 10.500, overground part to the enriching quantity of Pb
BCF is 0.018, less than 1；Turn-over capacity to Cd, Cr, Pb is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 0.438,0.714,0.400), less than 1.
From Scabiosa tschiliensis from the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates that its patience to Cd, Cr, Pb is stronger, can be used as the area
Ecological recovery plant is standby.
The silver medal mountain pass Pb-Zn deposits B areas dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table 6
Understood by measure (table 4, table 7) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to silver-colored mountain pass C areas, dog tail
Careless aerial part is 2.360,4.600,1300.000 to the enriching quantity of Cd, Cr, Zn, root is respectively 4.240 to its enriching quantity,
1.300th, 2320.000, overground part BCF is respectively 0.085,0.096,0.114, respectively less than 1；Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn are turned
Capacity power is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 0.557,3.538,1.722,1.552,0.560), wherein the transhipment coefficient for Cr, Cu, Pb
1 is all higher than, from green bristlegrass from the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates that it has certain patience to have Cr, Cu, Pb to Cd, Zn
Certain resistance, can be standby as the ecological recovery plant in the area.
Tree-of-heaven is stronger to the accumulation ability of Cu, overground part to the enriching quantity of Cu for 36.900, BCF is 1.198, more than 1, from
From the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates that its patience to Cu is stronger, can be standby as the ecological recovery plant in the area for tree-of-heaven
With.
Acacia is stronger to the accumulation ability of Pb, overground part to the enriching quantity of Pb for 41.600, BCF is 0.017, less than 1, from
From the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates that its patience to Pb is stronger, can be standby as the ecological recovery plant in the area for acacia
With.
The silver medal mountain pass Pb-Zn deposits C areas dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table 7
Understood by measure (table 4, table 8) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to silver-colored mountain pass D areas, the ground tip
Melon aerial part is respectively 0.190,0.500,20.900,80.200 to the enriching quantity of Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, As, and root is rich to it
Collection amount is respectively 0.110,2.800,14.800,154.000, and overground part BCF is respectively 0.023,0.025,0.013,0.026,
Respectively less than 1；Accumulation ability to Cd, Cu is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 1.727,1.412), is all higher than 1.Come from the growing way of bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit
See, performance is good, illustrates that it has certain patience to Cr, Zn, As, there is certain resistance to Cd, Cu, can be used as the ecological recovery in the area
Plant is standby.
Dracocephalum moldavica aerial part is 68.000 to the enriching quantity of Pb, and root is 6.400, the BCF of overground part to its enriching quantity
It is 0.571, less than 1；It is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 0.333,10.625,1.745) to the turn-over capacity of Cr, Pb, Zn, wherein to Pb,
The transhipment coefficient of Zn is all higher than 1.From the point of view of the growing way of Dracocephalum moldavica, performance is good, illustrates its better resistance to Cr, Pb, Zn, can
Ecological recovery plant as the area is standby.
The silver medal mountain pass Pb-Zn deposits D areas dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table 8
Understood by measure (table 4, table 9) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to silver-colored mountain pass E areas, chrysanthemum
Wormwood artemisia aerial part is respectively 13.900,212.000 to the accumulation ability of Cu, Zn, root is respectively 15.800 to its enriching quantity,
122.000, the BCF of overground part is respectively 0.507,0.140, respectively less than 1, and from the point of view of the growing way of artemisia annua, performance is good, explanation
It has certain patience to Cu, Zn, can be standby as the ecological recovery plant in the area.
Myripnois dioica aerial part is respectively 0.800,25.300 to the enriching quantity of Cr, Pb, and under ground portion is to its enriching quantity
Respectively 0.600,11.500, overground part BCF are 0.013,0.034, respectively less than 1；Transhipment coefficient to Pb is 2.200, is more than
1.From the point of view of the growing way of Myripnois dioica, performance is good, illustrates that its patience to Cr is stronger, to the better resistance of Pb, can be used as this
The ecological recovery plant in area is standby.
Leaf shrub lespedeza overground part wide is 2.180 to the enriching quantity of Cd, and under ground portion is 0.930, overground part to its enriching quantity
BCF is 0.736, less than 1；It is relatively strong to the turn-over capacity of Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn (TCF is respectively 2.344,1.667,1.828,
2.545), it is all higher than 1；Leniently from the point of view of the growing way of leaf shrub lespedeza, performance is good, illustrates that its patience to Cd is stronger, to Cr, Cu,
The better resistance of Zn, can be standby as the ecological recovery plant in the area.
The silver medal mountain pass Pb-Zn deposits E areas dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table 9
The general characteristic of China Pb-Zn deposits pollution is：Multielement combined pollution；Pollution element occurrence form is complicated；Often superposition
The pollution of chemical agent；Heavy metal pollution has disguised, cumulative bad and irreversibility；The concomitant radioactivity pollution of part mine
Deng.
By content of beary metal in the on-site inspection to Hebei province Baoding Region silver mountain pass Pb-Zn ore district and pedotheque
Detection, by evaluation analysis, Pb-Zn deposits discarded ground chromium (Cr), arsenic (As) content not less than《Soil environment quality mark
Accurate (GB15618-1995)》Grade III Standard, single factor contaminant index and Ni Meiluo composite indexes are respectively less than 1, do not constitute pollution.Soil
Earth pollution is the compound dirt of Cd, Pb, Zn severe in cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), the compound contact scar of zinc (Zn), wherein A areas soil
Dye, the class of pollution is 5；B areas soil is the slight combined pollution of Cd, Zn, and the class of pollution is 3；C areas soil is multiple for Cd, Pb, Zn severe
Pollution is closed, the class of pollution is 5；D areas soil is Cd, Cu, Zn severe combined pollution, and the class of pollution is 5；E areas soil be Cd, Pb,
Zn moderate combined pollutions, the class of pollution is 4.Therefore Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn are the main pollution-producing of the mining soil.
The plant that Pb-Zn ore district is used for heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation mainly has super enriching plant, patience and resistance plant,
Relevant research finds that in typical lead zinc ore combined contamination area, leaf mustard and rape have very strong absorption and accumulation ability to Cd, this
It is a kind of Pb super enriching plants also to report chenopodium ambrosiodies first outward[13].This research does not find new heavy metal ion super enrichment
Plant.But investigated by the natural vegetation to the mining area and serike, discovery there are 15 kinds of dominant plants to grow fine.By right
The enrichment of its heavy metal ion and turn-over capacity are analyzed, and combine the polluting property of the Pb-Zn deposits, and discovery has patience or anti-to Cd
The plant of property has：Green bristlegrass, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, leaf shrub lespedeza wide；There is the plant of patience or resistance to Cu
Have：The twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, green bristlegrass, tree-of-heaven, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, artemisia annua, leaf shrub lespedeza wide；Having patience or the plant of resistance to Pb has：Chaste tree
Bar, Scabiosa tschiliensis, Myripnois dioica, green bristlegrass, acacia, Dracocephalum moldavica；Having patience or the plant of resistance to Zn has：Green bristlegrass, sand
Ginseng, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, artemisia annua, leaf shrub lespedeza wide.It follows that only a kind of plant of green bristlegrass is dirty to four heavy metal species
Dye element has stronger absorption characteristic, has universality to repairing five contaminated areas, and be aided with other plant for specific dirt
Dye area is repaired, and thus the Pb-Zn deposits can obtain a certain degree of recovery, but want to make the mining area recover its original ecology
System, it is necessary to be aided with other means and be subject to the characteristic of improved soil.
There are some researches show, introduce a fine variety super enriching plant for strengthen heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation it is significant, but
The usual biomass of super enriching plant having now found that is low, and slow-growing, remediation efficiency is low, hinders phytoremediation technology with direct
Large-scale application is put into practice in reparation.It has been reported that, in lead zinc pollution area, phosphate fertilizer has the potential of in-situ immobilization contaminated soil, electricity
Dynamics is repaired highly effective to the reparation of the heavy metals such as Pb, As, Cd, Cu in hypotonicity soil.In sum, take various
The method comprehensive regulation Pb-Zn deposits, can be improved the soil quality of this area, improve environmental benefit.
Embodiment 1
Grown on soil green bristlegrass and the twigs of the chaste tree to the heavy metal pollution in A areas, two kinds of plants intersect plantation, work as plant growth
During to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide (mass concentration is 0.25%), when plant growth to maturity period,
Heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide (it is 0.9% to spray mass concentration) is sprayed to it, is gathered in the plant senescence phase, it is real
The removal of existing heavy metal pollution, carries out harmless treatment.
Embodiment 2
Grown on soil the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, northeast indigo plant potted flower to the heavy metal pollution in B areas, three kinds of plants intersect plantation,
When plant growth to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide (mass concentration is 0.25%), when plant life
Length sprays heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide (it is 0.9% to spray mass concentration) to it, in the plant senescence phase to the maturity period
Gathered in, realized the removal of heavy metal pollution, carried out harmless treatment.
Embodiment 3
To grown on soil acacia, tree-of-heaven, the green bristlegrass of the heavy metal pollution in C areas, three kinds of plants intersect plantation, work as plant
When growing to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide (mass concentration is 0.25%), when plant growth into
The ripe phase, heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide (it is 0.9% to spray mass concentration) is sprayed to it, received in the plant senescence phase
(acacia, tree-of-heaven collect its dead leaf without harvesting) is cut, the removal of heavy metal pollution is realized, harmless treatment is carried out.
Embodiment 4
To grown on soil elm, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, the Dracocephalum moldavica of the heavy metal pollution in D areas, three kinds of plants intersect plantation, work as plant
When thing grows to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide (mass concentration is 0.25%), when plant growth extremely
In the maturity period, heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide (it is 0.9% to spray mass concentration) is sprayed to it, carried out in the plant senescence phase
Harvesting (elm collects its dead leaf without harvesting), realizes the removal of heavy metal pollution, carries out harmless treatment.
Embodiment 5
Grown on soil leaflet Chinese wax, henry brake herb with root, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, leaf Hu branch wide to the heavy metal pollution in E areas
Son, three kinds of plants intersect plantation, and when plant growth to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide, (quality is dense
Spend 0.25%), when plant growth to maturity period, heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide to be sprayed to it and (spraying mass concentration
0.9%), (leaflet Chinese wax collects its dead leaf without harvesting) to be gathered in the plant senescence phase, heavy metal pollution is realized
Removal, carry out harmless treatment.
Using the technical scheme of embodiment 1-5, after carrying out 1-3, can Planting Crops, fruits and vegetables, fruit tree, its soil weight
Tenor exists《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》Within III Standard value.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure, the soil of the heavy metal pollution of this area is cadmium, lead, copper,
Zinc pollution or combined pollution, it is characterised in that there is the plant of accumulation ability in the grown on soil heavy metal of heavy metal pollution
Thing, when plant growth to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor, when plant growth to maturity period, weight is sprayed to it
Metallic pollution restoration accelerator, is gathered in the plant senescence phase, realizes the removal of heavy metal pollution.
2. the Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described is heavy metal-polluted
The soil of dye is cadmium, lead, copper, zinc pollution refer to that cadmium single factor contaminant index is 1-30, and zinc single factor contaminant index is 1-25, lead
Single factor contaminant index is 1-6, and copper single factor contaminant index is 2-5, and described single factor contaminant index refers toP i =C i /S i , formula
In：P i It is pollutant in soil,iIt is single factor contaminant index；C i Represent soil pollutantiMeasured value；S i In representing soil
PollutantiPollution starting critical value, single factor contaminant index grade scale is：P i ＜ 1 is cleaned；1≤P i ＜ 2 gently pollutes；2≤P i Polluted in ＜ 3；P i >=3 heavily contaminateds.
3. the Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described is heavy metal-polluted
The soil of dye be cadmium, lead, copper, zinc combined pollution refer in soil containing the two or more heavy metal pollution of cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, its
In, cadmium single factor contaminant index is 6.040, and zinc single factor contaminant index is 5.520, and lead single factor contaminant index is 5.040, copper
Single factor contaminant index is 3.900, and described single factor contaminant index refers toP i =C i /S i , in formula：P i It is pollutant in soil,i
It is single factor contaminant index；C i Represent soil pollutantiMeasured value；S i Represent pollutant in soiliPollution starting it is critical
It is worth, single factor contaminant index grade scale is：P i ＜ 1 is cleaned；1≤P i ＜ 2 gently pollutes；2≤P i Polluted in ＜ 3；P i >=3 weights are dirty
Dye.
4. the Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure described in claim 1, it is characterised in that heavy metal has richness
The plant of collection ability refer to plantation green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit,
Two or more plants in Dracocephalum moldavica, leaflet Chinese wax, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, leaf shrub lespedeza wide；Described acacia,
Tree-of-heaven, elm, leaflet Chinese wax are not gathered in without spray plant growth inhibitor and heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator,
Only collect dead leaf；To annual green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, salsola collina,
Artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, leaf shrub lespedeza wide are gathered in from root.
5. the Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described plant growth
Inhibitor is maleic hydrazide, and it sprays mass concentration for 0.1-0.5%.
6. the Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described plant growth
Inhibitor is maleic hydrazide, and it is 0.25% that it sprays mass concentration.
7. the Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described is heavy metal-polluted
Dye restoration accelerator is thiocarbamide, and described thiocarbamide is shared with complementary bonding reagent conventional in agricultural chemicals in use, sulphur
Urea sprays mass concentration for 0.8-1.2%.
8. the Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described is heavy metal-polluted
Dye restoration accelerator is thiocarbamide, and described thiocarbamide is shared with complementary bonding reagent conventional in agricultural chemicals in use, sulphur
It is 0.9% that urea sprays mass concentration.
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| CN108580528A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
| CN108435766B (en) | 2020-11-03 |
| CN106734134B (en) | 2018-04-20 |
| CN108435766A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
| CN108580528B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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