CN101724404A - Heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner and plant and chemistry combined remediation method - Google Patents
Heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner and plant and chemistry combined remediation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101724404A CN101724404A CN200910193692A CN200910193692A CN101724404A CN 101724404 A CN101724404 A CN 101724404A CN 200910193692 A CN200910193692 A CN 200910193692A CN 200910193692 A CN200910193692 A CN 200910193692A CN 101724404 A CN101724404 A CN 101724404A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner and a plant and chemistry combined remediation method. The heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner is a mixture of red mud and slaked lime. In the invention, the plant and chemistry combined remediation method is used, the pH of the soil is regulated by a chemical method, and heavy metals in the soil are absorbed by planting energy crops, hyperaccumulative plants and the like, thereby improving the soil properties, gradually reducing the content of heavy metals in the soil, finally achieving the purpose of soil remediation, improving the plant remediation efficiency, and being favorable to large-scale commercial application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to resource environment recovery technique field, be specifically related to a kind of heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner and heavy-metal contaminated soil plant and chemistry combined remediation method.
Background technology
Mineral Resources in China is abundant, and the soil pollution that the mining industry exploitation is caused has a large capacity and a wide range, and destruction and pollution that natural ecological environment is caused are on the rise, and is that China's contaminated soil is administered very important problem.Particularly contaminated soil in mining areas has certain difference with general contaminated soil in aspect such as the target of generation mechanism, pollutants transfer rule, improvement and direction again, therefore, the ecological recovery in mine is increasingly important, and the research of the recovery technique of mining area heavy-metal contaminated soil just has its necessity, singularity and urgency.The key of mine abandoned land ecological recovery and reconstruction is screening and the base material improvement of pioneer plant.
Adopt additive that the soil that is subjected to heavy metal contamination is carried out chemical modifying and should possess following condition technically: the one, advantages of higher stability, additive self is difficult in time decomposing with the change of environment; The 2nd, stronger associativity promptly has higher adsorption binding energy power by mechanism of action such as obligate absorption, precipitation or co-precipitation to heavy metal ion, thereby makes heavy metal ion passivation or inactivation; The 3rd, environment friendly can not destroy the structure and the character of soil, can not form new murder by poisoning to plant; The 4th, operability, additive should be with low cost, can large scale application in practice is produced; The 5th, low selectivity, but the ideal additive a certain heavy metal ion of passivation not only, but but also the soil of remediating heavy metal combined pollution.
Yet for now, the additive that meets above-mentioned requirements seldom and in southern acid soil area, can be adapted at being subjected to the additive in acid mine and the mineral water Contaminated soil few especially.This heavy metal species contaminated soil not only has very strong acidity, and its heavy metal content is severe overweight often also.The key of this kind of improvement reparation soil is kind, crop, soil type and the environmental factor in conjunction with heavy metal ion, filters out a kind of economy, effective, stable and environment amenable new soil additive.In addition, in also integrated applications such as additive reparation and phytoremediation and agronomy regulation measure should being repaired to heavy metal-polluted soil, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, thereby better realize the reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Compare with other physics, chemistry and engineering method restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, phytoremediation has low, the advantages of environment protection of cost, generally can not cause secondary pollution.But existing plant soil restoration technology also exists weak point, mainly shows:
(1) at present major part to be used for the hyperaccumulative plant plant of soil remediation short and small, biomass is low, disease-resistant low with the ability of withstanding natural calamities, poor growth and cycle are long, thereby remediation efficiency and speed are lower, therefore the phytoremediation economic benefit that is difficult to obtain under the prior art level has limited large-scale commercial applications utilization and big area and has promoted.
(2) in the tired experimental plant of ultraproduct, one or both heavy metal elements in the finite concentration scope can only be restrained oneself or absorb to a general kind of plant, the heavy metal higher to other concentration in the soil then shows some toxicity symptom, thereby limited the application of phytoremediation technology in the heavy-metal composite pollution soil remediation to a great extent.
(3) plant is the organism of living, need suitable growth conditions, natural condition such as soil fertility, weather, moisture, salinity, total alkalinity, draining and irrigation system there is certain requirement, is subjected to acid mine and mineral water Contaminated soil obviously can not satisfy the demand of plant-growth.
(4) root system of plant is generally more shallow, and is the most effective to the reparation that thin solum pollutes, relatively poor to the repair ability that deep soil pollutes and deep phreatic water pollutes, even to not obviously effect of contaminated soil.
In sum, when the reparation of the acid soil that carries out heavy metal contamination, be necessary to develop a kind of new environmental improvement technology, can overcome the deficiency of plant, chemistry reparation, consider economic and social benefit simultaneously, can large-scale commercial applications application and big area popularization.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of new heavy-metal contaminated soil improvement additive is provided, have advantages of higher stability, stronger associativity, good environment friendly, with low cost, but a certain heavy metal ion of passivation not only, but but also the soil of remediating heavy metal combined pollution.
A further object of the invention provides a kind of at plant that is subjected to heavy-metal contaminated soil and chemistry combined remediation method.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner (BHB) is provided, comprises following components in weight percentage content:
Red mud: 90～80%;
White lime: 10～20%.
The present invention provides a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil plant and chemistry combined remediation method simultaneously, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: add heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner (BHB) in the oxytropism mine soil, balance is improved the soil;
Step 3: the plantation energy-source plant is in improving the soil.
The described additive of step 1 is an acid mine soil additive of the present invention, and addition is 60～80kg/ mu.Preferred 7～14 days of described starting time.
The described energy-source plant of step 2 is sugarcane, cassava, sweet sorghum or soybean.The sugarcane of preferred Guangdong sugar 94-128 kind.
Planting density is preferably: sugarcane, 6000～6500 strain/mus, every meter long 6 two bud seedlings of sowing of row, about 1 meter of line-spacing; Cassava, 800～900 strain/mus, 0.8 * 0.8 meter of seeding row spacing; Sweet sorghum, 5000～6000 strain/mus, 0.2 * 0.7 meter of seeding row spacing.
The energy sugarcane of results can carry out the alcohol fuel fermentation, produces biofuel.
Step 2 also can be taked energy-source plant and hyperaccumulative plant intercropping, interplanting; Described hyperaccumulative plant comprises Sedum alfredii Hance.The method of intercropping and interplanting is: sugarcane and Sedum alfredii Hance, cassava and Sedum alfredii Hance.
The present invention is subjected to use on the heavy metal contamination agricultural land soil the acid mine soil additive of BHB in southern acidity, result of study shows, additive of the present invention is sweetening of the soil acidity effectively, soil pH value is adjusted to 6～6.5 from initial 4.00～5.00, reduce the heavy metal-polluted soil activity, can also improve crop yield greatly simultaneously.
By filtering out heavy metal high adsorption capacity, big, the high fermentable energy crop new variety of biomass, on the heavy metal contamination agricultural land soil after the additive improvement, planting energy crop: pass through crop s structure adjustment, the development biomass energy, reaching is repairing heavy metal in soil, has the dual purpose of good economic benefit again.The preferred energy crop kind of the present invention comprises sugarcane and cassava, and their still not good energy crop kinds have also shown good heavy metal adsorptive power simultaneously.
As more preferred scheme, the present invention adopts intercropping, the interplanting of energy crop and hyperaccumulative plant: utilize intercropping, the interplanting of hyperaccumulative plant and energy crop, reach the purpose that quick absorption soil easily is adsorbed heavy metal, make the edatope reparation more effective.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the invention provides a kind of new heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner (BHB), have advantages of higher stability, stronger associativity, good environment friendly, with low cost, but not only passivation contents of many kinds of heavy metal ion, but but also the soil of remediating heavy metal combined pollution, realized waste recycling, improved effect is obvious, and can not produce secondary pollution, is easy to big area and promotes;
(2) the present invention combines the plantation of energy crop with the improvement reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil: prevent that effectively pollution from directly entering food chain, alleviate the current energy scarcity of China simultaneously, realize the perfect adaptation of plant-chemical repair method;
(3) the present invention multiple restorative procedure is provided simultaneously and use: the intercropping of energy crop and hyperaccumulative plant, interplanting, improved the efficient of phytoremediation, help the large-scale commercial applications application.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The reparation of China's south acid heavy metal contaminated soil: with mine, big Baoshan District, North Guangdong and mineral water heavy metal contamination area soil is pilot, the reparation improvement of slight heavy metal contamination district soil:
1. measure soil pH 3.86, titratable acidity 1.0911mmolkg
-1, water-soluble (water is carried) heavy metal copper content 1.2345mgkg
-1, lead content 0.3865mgkg
-1, cadmium content 0.0173mgkg
-1, determine soil acidity and heavy metal activity;
2. the amount with 75kg/ mu adds acid soil improving agent in the above-mentioned soil, the mode of taking can be conventional broadcasting sowing, the be weight percentage mixture of white lime of 80% red mud and 20% of described acid soil improving agent is regulated soil pH value, balance 14 days;
3. plant Guangdong sugar 94-128 sugar cane breed in the soil after balance, planting density is: 6000～6500 strain/mus, every meter long 6 two bud seedlings of sowing of row, about 1 meter of line-spacing;
4. results energy sugarcane carries out the alcohol fuel fermentation, produces biofuel;
5. after the results, measuring soil pH is 6.06, titratable acidity 0.3548mmolkg
-1, water-soluble heavy metal content copper is 0.2525mgkg
-1Lead is 0.0645mgkg
-1Cadmium is 0.0043mgkg
-1
Embodiment 2
The reparation of severe heavy metal contamination district, south acid heavy metal contaminated soil:
1. measure soil pH 4.03, titratable acidity 1.1138mmolkg
-1, water-soluble (water is carried) heavy metal copper content 4.5137mgkg
-1, lead content 0.2712mgkg
-1, cadmium content 0.0558mgkg
-1, determine soil acidity and heavy metal activity;
2. the amount with 80kg/ mu adds acid soil improving agent in the above-mentioned soil, the mode of taking can be conventional broadcasting sowing, the be weight percentage mixture of white lime of 85% red mud and 15% of described acid soil improving agent is regulated soil pH value, balance 10 days;
3. carry out the crop rotation of energy sugarcane and super tired plant Sedum alfredii Hance in the soil after balance;
4. after the results, soil pH is 6.25, titratable acidity 0.3159mmolkg
-1, water-soluble heavy metal content copper is 0.5146mgkg
-1Lead is 0.0416mgkg
-1Cadmium is 0.0731mgkg
-1
Embodiment 3
(slight heavy metal contamination district) repaired in north heavy metal contamination district soil improvement:
1. measure soil pH 4.97, titratable acidity 0.9146mmolkg
-1, water-soluble (water is carried) heavy metal copper content 1.1728mgkg
-1, lead content 0.3251mgkg
-1, cadmium content 0.01547mgkg
-1, determine soil acidity and heavy metal activity;
2. the amount with 70kg/ mu adds acid soil improving agent in the above-mentioned soil, the mode of taking can be conventional broadcasting sowing, the be weight percentage mixture of white lime of 90% red mud and 10% of described acid soil improving agent is regulated soil pH value, balance 7 days;
3. carry out the intercropping of soybean, sweet sorghum or soybean-sweet sorghum in the soil after balance, the sweet sorghum planting density is 5000～6000 strain/mus, 0.2 * 0.7 meter of seeding row spacing; The planting density of soybean is 10000～15000 strain/mus.
4. after the results, measuring soil pH is 6.35, titratable acidity 0.2825mmolkg
-1, water-soluble heavy metal content copper is 0.1912mgkg
-1Lead is 0.2871mgkg
-1Cadmium is 0.0064mgkg
-1
Embodiment 4
1. measure soil pH 4.81, titratable acidity 1.2361mmolkg
-1, water-soluble (water is carried) heavy metal copper content 1.1782mgkg
-1, lead content 0.9824mgkg
-1, cadmium content 0.0219mgkg
-1, determine soil acidity and heavy metal activity;
2. the amount with 60kg/ mu adds acid soil improving agent in the above-mentioned soil, the mode of taking can be conventional broadcasting sowing, the be weight percentage mixture of white lime of 90% red mud and 10% of described acid soil improving agent is regulated soil pH value, balance 14 days;
3. hyperaccumulative plant Sedum alfredii Hance and cassava intercropping or interplanting in the soil after balance; Cassava, 800～900 strain/mus, 0.8 * 0.8 meter of seeding row spacing; Sedum alfredii Hance, 25000～30000 strain/mus, 0.1 * 0.3 meter of seeding row spacing.
4. after the results, measuring soil pH is 6.14, titratable acidity 0.3127mmolkg
-1, water-soluble heavy metal content copper is 0.2534mgkg
-1Lead is 0.1159mgkg
-1Cadmium is 0.0058mgkg
-1
Other embodiment does not give unnecessary details one by one at this, but does not therefore limit the scope of the invention.By stablizing significant pilot implementation result, heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner of the present invention (BHB), have advantages of higher stability, stronger associativity, good environment friendly, with low cost, but not only passivation contents of many kinds of heavy metal ion, but but also the soil of remediating heavy metal combined pollution is realized the perfect adaptation of plant-chemical repair method, waste recycling, improved effect is obvious, and can not produce secondary pollution, is easy to big area and promotes.
Claims (9)
1. heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner is characterized in that comprising following components in weight percentage content:
Red mud: 90～80%;
White lime: 10～20%.
2. heavy-metal contaminated soil plant and chemistry combined remediation method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: add the described acid mine soil additive adjusting soil pH value of claim 1 in mine pollution soil, balance is improved the soil;
Step 2: the plantation energy-source plant is in improving the soil after the balance.
3. heavy-metal contaminated soil plant according to claim 2 and chemistry combined remediation method, the addition that it is characterized in that the described acid mine soil additive of step 1 is 60～80kg/ mu.
4. heavy-metal contaminated soil plant according to claim 2 and chemistry combined remediation method is characterized in that the described starting time of step 1 is 7～14 days.
5. heavy-metal contaminated soil plant according to claim 2 and chemistry combined remediation method is characterized in that the described energy-source plant of step 2 is sugarcane, cassava, sweet sorghum or soybean.
6. heavy-metal contaminated soil plant according to claim 5 and chemistry combined remediation method is characterized in that energy-source plant is the sugarcane of Guangdong sugar 94-128 kind.
7. heavy-metal contaminated soil plant according to claim 5 and chemistry combined remediation method is characterized in that the planting density of described energy-source plant is: sugarcane, 6000～6500 strain/mus, every meter long 6 two bud seedlings of sowing of row, about 1 meter of line-spacing; Cassava, 800～900 strain/mus, 0.8 * 0.8 meter of seeding row spacing; Sweet sorghum, 5000～6000 strain/mus, 0.2 * 0.7 meter of seeding row spacing.
8. heavy-metal contaminated soil plant according to claim 2 and chemistry combined remediation method is characterized in that step 2 is for taking energy-source plant and hyperaccumulative plant intercropping or interplanting.
9. heavy-metal contaminated soil plant according to claim 8 and chemistry combined remediation method is characterized in that described hyperaccumulative plant is a Sedum alfredii Hance.
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