CN108435766A - The restorative procedure of cadmium lead bronze zinc heavy metal pollution of soil - Google Patents
The restorative procedure of cadmium lead bronze zinc heavy metal pollution of soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of restorative procedures of cadmium lead bronze zinc heavy metal pollution of soil, specifically heavy metal pollution area soil sample is investigated, there is the plant of accumulation ability to heavy metal in the grown on soil of heavy metal pollution, when plant growth to growth period, heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator sprays it when plant growth to maturity period to its spray plant growth inhibitor, it is gathered in the plant senescence phase, realizes the removal of heavy metal pollution.To heavy metal have the plant of accumulation ability refer to plant green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, leaflet Chinese wax, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, wide leaf shrub lespedeza can be recommended as Pb-Zn ore district ecological recovery plant it is spare.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides a kind of Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure, belongs to ecological pollution control field.
Background technology
The development and utilization of mineral resources also results in environmental pollution while bringing great economic benefit to society.
In the exploitation of Pb-Zn ore district, the direct emission and barren rock of mining wastewater and ore dressing waste liquid and the stacking and leaching of tailing slag
Filter, makes mining area and Soil Surrounding have accumulated a large amount of heavy metal and not only causes soil quality decline, ecosystem degradation, crops
The underproduction, also seriously threatens health, therefore the improvement of Pb-Zn ore district is repaired becomes current urgently to be resolved hurrily great both at home and abroad
Problem.In recent years, few to environmental perturbation, rehabilitation cost is low and the phytoremediation technology that can be widely applied comes into being,
New approach is provided to administer heavy metal pollution of soil, finds and screen heavy metal super-enriched plant, resistance plant and patience
Plant is the premise and basis for carrying out mine and its discarded ground vegetation repair and reconstruction and the reparation to contaminated soil.
In Pb-Zn ore district, the pollution such as Pb, Zn, Cd is more serious, since long-term evolution and natural selection are as a result, some are planted
Object, which may bud into have higher patience to Pb, Zn, Cd and be likely to become to have the contaminated soils such as Pb, Zn, Cd, repairs energy
The species of power.It is documented, in typical lead zinc ore combined contamination area, leaf mustard and rape have very strong adaptation and absorption energy
Power has all reached the level of 100 mg/kg or more especially to the absorption of heavy metal Cd；Certain enrichment is also shown to Pb
Ability, the up to level of 3000mg/kg or so.Therefore, herein using Pb-Zn ore district as test plot, to the advantage in region
Plant is sampled and is analyzed, its absorption and accumulation characteristic to heavy metal is inquired into, for filter out it is more suitable for Pb-Zn ore districts and
The restoration of the ecosystem plant of Soil Surrounding provides theoretical foundation.
Invention content
Present invention aims at above-mentioned technical problem is solved, a kind of Pb-Zn ore district heavy metal pollution of soil reparation side is provided
The soil of method, the heavy metal pollution of this area is cadmium, lead, copper, zinc pollution or combined pollution, is planted on the soil of heavy metal pollution
Planting there is the plant of accumulation ability, to its spray plant growth inhibitor, to work as plant when plant growth to growth period heavy metal
Object grows to the maturity period, and heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator is sprayed to it, is gathered in the plant senescence phase, realizes heavy metal-polluted
The removal of dye.The soil of the heavy metal pollution is cadmium, lead, copper, zinc pollution refer to that cadmium single factor contaminant index is 1-30, zinc
Single factor contaminant index is 1-25, and lead single factor contaminant index is 1-6, and copper single factor contaminant index is 2-5, the single-factor
Pollution index refers to Pi=Ci/Si, in formula：PiFor pollutant in soil, i is single factor contaminant index；CiRepresent soil pollutant i
Measured value；SiThe pollution starting critical value of pollutant in soil i is represented, single factor contaminant index grade scale is：Pi＜ 1 is clear
It is clean；1 ≤Pi＜ 2 gently pollutes；2≤PiIt is polluted in ＜ 3；Pi>=3 heavily contaminateds.
The soil of the heavy metal pollution is cadmium, lead, copper, zinc combined pollution refer to containing cadmium, lead, copper, zinc in soil
Two or more heavy metal pollution, wherein cadmium single factor contaminant index is 6.040, and zinc single factor contaminant index is 5.520, lead
Single factor contaminant index is 5.040, and copper single factor contaminant index is 3.900, and the single factor contaminant index refers to Pi=Ci/
Si, in formula： PiFor pollutant in soil, i is single factor contaminant index；CiRepresent the measured value of soil pollutant i；SiRepresent soil
The pollution of pollutant i originates critical value in earth, and single factor contaminant index grade scale is：Pi＜ 1 is cleaned；1≤Pi＜ 2 gently pollutes；
2≤PiIt is polluted in ＜ 3；Pi>=3 heavily contaminateds.
To heavy metal have accumulation ability plant refer to plantation green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis,
Two in acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, leaflet Chinese wax, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, wide leaf shrub lespedeza
Kind or more plant；The acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, leaflet Chinese wax are repaiied without spray plant growth inhibitor and heavy metal pollution
Multiple accelerating agent, and without harvesting, only collect dead leaf；To annual green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, North China indigo plant basin
Flower, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, wide leaf shrub lespedeza are gathered in from root.
The plant growth inhibitor is maleic hydrazide, and it is 0.1-0.5% to spray mass concentration, is further preferably sprayed
It is 0.25% to apply mass concentration.
The heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator is thiocarbamide, the thiocarbamide in use with it is common in pesticide
Complementary cohesive reagent shares, and it is 0.8-1.2% that thiocarbamide, which sprays mass concentration, and further preferably spraying mass concentration is
0.9%.
The green bristlegrass planted in the present invention, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, the tip
Melon, Dracocephalum moldavica, leaflet Chinese wax, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, wide leaf shrub lespedeza have certain suction to heavy metal ion
The heavy metal of soil can be down to by attached ability, the plantation through 1-3《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》Three-level
Standard value.
The plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide of the present invention sprays maleic hydrazide at this stage in plant growth to growth period, drops
The growth growth of low plant, but under photosynthesis power, plant is in the optimum growh phase, and growing power is strong, sprays at this stage
Maleic hydrazide be conducive to by the absorption of the heavy metal in soil (because soil also has certain adsorptivity, so, by the weight in soil
Metal adsorption out needs certain active force).The amount of spraying must be strictly controlled during spraying, and spray excessive, plant growth
Power glides, and is unfavorable for the absorption of plant, falls into behind ground and easily chemically reacted with heavy metal ion, further contaminated soil；
It sprays very few, does not have facilitation.
For the heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide that the present invention sprays in plant growth to maturity period, thiocarbamide is adhered to plant
Blade face or rhizome part, thiocarbamide easily infiltrate through in plant leaf surface or in rhizome portion, are easily sent out with the heavy metal adsorbed in growth period
Raw complex reaction forms insoluble compound and is deposited in plant, after the maturity period, convenient for gathering in and removing.The thiocarbamide exists
Use is shared with common complementary cohesive reagent in pesticide in the process, and (the common complementary cohesive reagent can be to form sediment
Powder, carboxymethyl cellulose etc.), the thiocarbamide amount of spraying can be slightly excessive, but must be strictly controlled within a certain amount of.It is slightly excessive
Afterwards, plant further growth can be promoted, can also be used as soil fertilizer point, if the amount of spraying is excessive, occurred with the heavy metal in soil
It is just not easy point to be again separate out after complexing.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 sample collection point schematic diagrames
Specific implementation mode
Materials and methods
Sample plot
Experimental field it is located at the Hebei province Baoding Region northwestward, Taihang Mountain the North, domestic The surrounding mountains are like the billows of the sea, belongs to warm temperate zone continent row
Monsoon climate, mountain climate feature is notable, and 8 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, average annual rainfall 508mm is with zonal soil is brown earth
Soil and drab soil.Vegetation category North China Flora fauna.The domestic mineral resources type in this area is more, and taste is high, buries shallow, large storage capacity,
Currently, verified 43 kinds of mineral products, wherein more than 100 ten thousand tons of Pb-Zn deposits reserves.Experimental field Pb-Zn deposits are a collection exploitation and processing for this
Privately owned large enterprise, it is in production to be in, and mining area circumferential distribution has large area village.
Sample collection
As shown in Figure 1, centered on the area of heavy metal pollution most serious, respectively in minery (areas A), half way up the mountain and fortune
Mining area (areas B), plant area and tailing area (areas C), Schattenseite half way up the mountain (areas D), old minery (areas E) are with being arranged 5 investigation samples.Every
A investigation sample on the ground, according to random distributed points method, collects 5 0-30cm table soil, is then mixed and takes 1kg as the tune
The pedotheque on sample ground is looked into, collects 5 pedotheques altogether.Meanwhile in each investigation sample ground, 15 kinds of plants of plantation (are shown in Table
1), it is under the jurisdiction of 11 sections, 15 categories, 6-8 plants of each Plant choosing, whole strain acquires spare.Therefore, sample is investigated at 5 on the ground, soil
Earth and plant one share 21 sample collection points.(note：Schattenseite half way up the mountain (areas D) occurs storm for 2012 and causes landslide,
The soil body is destroyed)
1 16 kinds of dominant plants of table
Sample treatment and analysis
Soil pretreatment and heavy metal content in soil measure
The sundries such as rubble, the plant undesirable root in pedotheque are removed, are sieved with 100 mesh sieve after air-drying spare.Using HNO3-HF-
HClO4Method resolution method measures the content of lead Pb, zinc Zn, chromium Cr, cadmium Cd, copper Cu and arsenic As using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Plant pre-processes and plant Analysis of Heavy Metals
Plant sample is rinsed well, point ground, under ground portion are divided in different paper bags after drying, and mark.It is put into
105 DEG C of water-removing 45min of air dry oven, then dry 72h to constant weight for 70 DEG C.Ground, under ground portion are distinguished after taking out sample
It weighs, is positioned over ventilating and cooling place preservation.Using HNO3：HClO4(8:2) it clears up, lead (Pb), zinc is measured with ICP-AES methods
(Zn), the content of chromium (Cr), 6 heavy metal species of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and arsenic (As).
Evaluation criterion and method
Soil Contamination Evaluation standard and method
Soil Contamination Evaluation standard using《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》III Standard value,
The pollution warning value of Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr and As are respectively 400,500,1.0,500,300 and 40mgkg-1(pH ＞
6.5).Evaluation method utilizes single factor index number technique and Water quality assessment and prediction.
(1) single_factor contaminant index：Pi=Ci/Si
In formula：PiFor pollutant in soil, i is single factor contaminant index；CiRepresent the measured value of soil pollutant i；SiGeneration
The pollution of table pollutant in soil i originates critical value.Single factor contaminant index grade scale is：Pi＜ 1 is cleaned；1≤Pi＜ 2 is light
Pollution；2≤PiIt is polluted in ＜ 3；Pi>=3 heavily contaminateds.
(2) Ni Meiluo composite index laws：PIt is comprehensive=[(PMAX 2+PAVE 2)/2]1/2
In formula：PMAXRepresent the maximum value in all heavy metal contamination indexes；PAVEFor the flat of each pollution index of soil
Mean value.Ni Meiluo comprehensive pollution indexes grade scales are：P≤l, cleaning；1 P≤2 ＜, it is light to pollute；2 P≤3 ＜, middle pollution；P ＞
3, heavily contaminated.
(3) grade scale of heavy metal pollution of soil degree
With the calculated comprehensive pollution indexes of evaluation model, it is necessary to carry out soil environment quality grade scale, pass through synthesis
Pollution index and grade scale carry out network analysis to the heavy metal on investigation sample ground, to determine the pollution level on investigation sample ground.Soil
Earth quality classification standard is shown in Table 2.
2 soil quality classification standard of table
Plants enriched and turn-over capacity evaluation criterion and method
Heavy metal accumulation coefficient B CF (Bioconcentration Factor) refers to the constituent content at a certain position of plant
It is one of the index for evaluating plants enriched heavy metal ability with the ratio between respective element content in soil.
Its calculation formula is：BCF=M (a part)/M (soil)
It is plant shoot and root content of beary metal that heavy metal, which transports coefficient T CF (Tanslocation Factor),
Ratio can embody the ability that plant transports heavy metal ion from root to overground part.
Its calculation formula is：In TCF=M (overground part)/M (root) formula：M represents a certain heavy metal ion content (mg.kg-1).The Heavy Metal Pollution of soil is analyzed
(table 3) is found by the measurement of to each investigation sample heavy metal in soil content, the weight of different with investigating samples soil
Metallic pollution degree is different.With《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》Grade III Standard is compared, silver-colored mountain pass Pb-Zn deposits A
Area's Cd, Pb, Zn content shows as exceeded in various degree, respectively 6.040,1.400,5.520 times of standard value；The areas B Cd, Zn
Content shows as exceeded in various degree, respectively 1.360,1.474 times of standard value；The areas C Cd, Pb, Zn show as seriously super
Mark, respectively the 27.800,5.040,22.800 of standard value times；The areas D Cd, Cu, Zn show as severely exceeding, respectively standard
8.100,3.900,6.080 times of value；The areas E Cd, Pb, Zn contents shows as exceeded in various degree, respectively standard value
2.960,1.484,3.020 times.Surpass in various degree it can be seen that the content of silver-colored mountain pass A, B, C, D, E five areas Cd, Zn have
Mark, while Pb, Cu are also the exceeded heavy metal element in the mining area.
Using the contents of heavy metal elements on single factor index number technique and the investigation sample of Ni Meiluo composite index laws pair 5 ground into traveling
One step analyzes (table 3)：From the point of view of single factor contaminant index, the single factor contaminant index of Cd is 6.040 in the areas A, is rendered as severe
The single factor contaminant index of pollution, Pb is 1.400, is rendered as slight pollution, the single factor contaminant index of Zn is 5.520, is presented
For serious pollution；Analysis show that Ni Meiluo composite indexes are 4.557 (P>3), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion contamination characteristics in the areas A are
Cd, Pb, Zn severe combined pollution, the class of pollution are 5 (referring to tables 2).
The single factor contaminant index of Cd is 1.360 in the areas B, is rendered as slight pollution, the single factor contaminant index of Zn is
1.474 being rendered as slight pollution；Analysis show that Ni Meiluo composite indexes are 1.135 (1<P<2), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion in the areas B
Contamination characteristics are the slight combined pollution of Cd, Zn, the class of pollution 3.
The single factor contaminant index of Cd, Pb, Zn are respectively 27.800,5.040,22.800 in the areas C, are rendered as severe dirt
Dye；Analysis show that Ni Meiluo composite indexes are 20.767 (P>3), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion contamination characteristics in the areas C are Cd, Pb, Zn
Severe combined pollution, the class of pollution 5.
The single factor contaminant index of Cd, Cu, Zn are respectively 8.100,3.900,6.080 in the areas D, are rendered as severe dirt
Dye；Analysis show that Ni Meiluo composite indexes are 6.149 (P>3), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion contamination characteristics in the areas D are Cd, Cu, Zn
Severe combined pollution, the class of pollution 5.
The single factor contaminant index of Cd is 2.960 in the areas E, is rendered as intermediate pollution, the single factor contaminant index of Pb is
1.484, it is rendered as slight pollution, the single factor contaminant index of Zn is 3.020, is rendered as serious pollution；Analysis obtains Ni Meiluo
Composite index is 2.339 (2<P≤3), thus it is speculated that the heavy metal ion contamination characteristics in the areas E are Cd, Pb, Zn moderate combined pollution, dirty
It is 4 to contaminate grade.
The content of beary metal and pollution index (mg.kg of 3 Baoding Region silver mountain pass Pb-Zn ore district soil of table-1)
*C：Cleaning；L：Light pollution；M：Middle pollution；H：Heavily contaminated
Plant sample analyzes the enrichment of heavy metal and turn-over capacity
The concentration coefficient of 4 Baoding Region silver mountain pass Pb-Zn ore district dominant plant of table and transhipment coefficient
By measurement (table 4, the table 5) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to the areas silver-colored mountain pass A it is found that dog tail
Careless aerial part is respectively 1.230,493.000 to the enriching quantity of Cd, Zn, root is respectively 2.320 to the enriching quantity of Cd, Zn,
859.000, overground part BCF are respectively 0.204,0.179, respectively less than 1；Root is 0.800 to the accumulation ability of As, from green bristlegrass
Growing way in the mining area is seen, is done well, and illustrates that it has certain patience to Cd, Zn, As, can be used as the ecological recovery plant in the area
It is spare.
Twigs of the chaste tree aerial part is respectively 2.200,9.100,18.500 to the enriching quantity of Cr, Cu, Pb, overground part BCF difference
Do well from the twigs of the chaste tree in terms of the growing way in the mining area for 0.055,0.552,0.026, respectively less than 1, illustrate its to have Cr, Cu,
The certain patience of Pb, the ecological recovery plant that can be used as the area are spare.
The 5 silver medal mountain pass areas Pb-Zn deposits A dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table
By measurement (table 4, the table 6) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to the areas silver-colored mountain pass B it is found that small red
Chrysanthemum aerial part is 0.520 to the enriching quantity of Cd, and overground part BCF is respectively 0.382, respectively less than 1, from small red chrysanthemum in the mining area
Growing way is seen, is done well, and illustrates that it is stronger to Cd patience, the ecological recovery plant that can be used as the area is spare.
The root of straight ladybell overground part is respectively 0.500,22.800,67.300 to the enriching quantity of Cr, Cu, Zn, and root is to Cr, Cu, Zn
Enriching quantity be respectively 1.300,17.000,132.000, overground part BCF is respectively 0.007,0.618,0.091, respectively less than 1；
The root of straight ladybell is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 1.341,0.510) to the turn-over capacity of Cu, Zn, wherein being more than 1 to Cu transhipment coefficients；From the root of straight ladybell
From the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates its better resistance to Cu, stronger to the patience of Cr, Zn, can be used as the area
Ecological recovery plant is spare.
Scabiosa tschiliensis overground part is 4.200 to the enriching quantity of Pb, and root is 10.500 to the enriching quantity of Pb, overground part
BCF is 0.018, is less than 1；It is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 0.438,0.714,0.400) to the turn-over capacity of Cd, Cr, Pb, it is less than 1.
From Scabiosa tschiliensis from the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates that it is stronger to the patience of Cd, Cr, Pb, can be used as the area
Ecological recovery plant is spare.
The 6 silver medal mountain pass areas Pb-Zn deposits B dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table
By measurement (table 4, the table 7) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to the areas silver-colored mountain pass C it is found that dog tail
Careless aerial part is 2.360,4.600,1300.000 to the enriching quantity of Cd, Cr, Zn, root is respectively 4.240 to its enriching quantity,
1.300,2320.000, overground part BCF are respectively 0.085,0.096,0.114, respectively less than 1；Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn are turned
Capacity power is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 0.557,3.538,1.722,1.552,0.560), wherein for the transhipment system of Cr, Cu, Pb
Number is all higher than 1, and from green bristlegrass from the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates that it has certain patience to Cr, Cu, Pb Cd, Zn
There is certain resistance, the ecological recovery plant that can be used as the area is spare.
Tree-of-heaven is stronger to the accumulation ability of Cu, and overground part is 36.900, BCF 1.198 to the enriching quantity of Cu, is more than 1, from
For tree-of-heaven from the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates that it is stronger to the patience of Cu, the ecological recovery plant that can be used as the area is standby
With.
Acacia is stronger to the accumulation ability of Pb, and overground part is 41.600, BCF 0.017 to the enriching quantity of Pb, is less than 1, from
For acacia from the point of view of the growing way in the area, performance is good, illustrates that it is stronger to the patience of Pb, the ecological recovery plant that can be used as the area is standby
With.
The 7 silver medal mountain pass areas Pb-Zn deposits C dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table
By measurement (table 4, the table 8) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to the areas silver-colored mountain pass D it is found that the ground tip
Melon aerial part is respectively 0.190,0.500,20.900,80.200 to the enriching quantity of Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, As, and root is to its richness
Collection amount is respectively 0.110,2.800,14.800,154.000, and overground part BCF is respectively 0.023,0.025,0.013,0.026,
Respectively less than 1；It is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 1.727,1.412) to the accumulation ability of Cd, Cu, it is all higher than 1.Come from the growing way of bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit
It sees, performance is good, illustrates that it has certain patience to Cr, Zn, As, has certain resistance to Cd, Cu, can be used as the ecological recovery in the area
Plant is spare.
Dracocephalum moldavica aerial part is 68.000 to the enriching quantity of Pb, and root is 6.400 to its enriching quantity, the BCF of overground part
It is 0.571, is less than 1；It is relatively strong (TCF is respectively 0.333,10.625,1.745) to the turn-over capacity of Cr, Pb, Zn, wherein right
The transhipment coefficient of Pb, Zn are all higher than 1.From the point of view of the growing way of Dracocephalum moldavica, performance is good, illustrate its to the resistance of Cr, Pb, Zn compared with
By force, the ecological recovery plant that can be used as the area is spare.
The 8 silver medal mountain pass areas Pb-Zn deposits D dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table
By measurement (table 4, table 9) result of the heavy metal ion content of the dominant plant to the areas silver-colored mountain pass E it is found that chrysanthemum
Wormwood artemisia aerial part is respectively 13.900,212.000 to the accumulation ability of Cu, Zn, root is respectively 15.800 to its enriching quantity,
122.000, the BCF of overground part is respectively 0.507,0.140, respectively less than 1, and from the point of view of the growing way of artemisia annua, performance is good, explanation
It has Cu, Zn certain patience, and the ecological recovery plant that can be used as the area is spare.
Myripnois dioica aerial part is respectively 0.800,25.300 to the enriching quantity of Cr, Pb, and under ground portion is to its enriching quantity
Respectively 0.600,11.500, overground part BCF are 0.013,0.034, respectively less than 1；Transhipment coefficient to Pb is 2.200, is more than
1.From the point of view of the growing way of Myripnois dioica, performance is good, illustrates that it is stronger to the patience of Cr, to the better resistance of Pb, can be used as this
The ecological recovery plant in area is spare.
Wide leaf shrub lespedeza overground part is 2.180 to the enriching quantity of Cd, and under ground portion is 0.930 to its enriching quantity, overground part
BCF is 0.736, is less than 1；It is relatively strong to the turn-over capacity of Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn (TCF is respectively 2.344,1.667,1.828,
2.545), it is all higher than 1；Leniently from the point of view of the growing way of leaf shrub lespedeza, performance is good, illustrates that it is stronger to the patience of Cd, to Cr, Cu,
The better resistance of Zn, the ecological recovery plant that can be used as the area are spare.
The 9 silver medal mountain pass areas Pb-Zn deposits E dominant plant repair ability evaluation table of table
The general characteristic of China Pb-Zn deposits pollution is：Multielement combined pollution；Pollution element occurrence form is complicated；Often superposition
The pollution of chemical agent；Heavy metal pollution has concealment, cumulative bad and irreversibility；The concomitant radioactivity pollution of part mine
Deng.
Pass through content of beary metal in on-site inspection to Hebei province Baoding Region silver mountain pass Pb-Zn ore district and pedotheque
Detection, by evaluation analysis, the discarded ground chromium (Cr) of the Pb-Zn deposits, arsenic (As) content be less than《Soil environment quality mark
Accurate (GB15618-1995)》Grade III Standard, single factor contaminant index and Ni Meiluo composite indexes are respectively less than 1, do not constitute pollution.
Soil pollution is that Cd, Pb, Zn severe are compound in cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) compound contact scar, the wherein areas A soil
Pollution, the class of pollution 5；The areas B soil is the slight combined pollution of Cd, Zn, the class of pollution 3；The areas C soil is Cd, Pb, Zn severe
Combined pollution, the class of pollution 5；The areas D soil is Cd, Cu, Zn severe combined pollution, the class of pollution 5；The areas E soil be Cd,
Pb, Zn moderate combined pollution, the class of pollution 4.Therefore Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn are the main pollution-producing of the mining soil.
Plant of the Pb-Zn ore district for heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation mainly has super enriching plant, patience and resistance plant,
It is related that the study found that in typical lead zinc ore combined contamination area, leaf mustard and rape have very strong absorption and accumulation ability to Cd, this
It is a kind of Pb super enriching plants also to report chenopodium ambrosiodies for the first time outside[13].This research does not find new heavy metal ion super enrichment
Plant.But by the way that the natural vegetation investigation in the mining area and serike, discovery has 15 kinds of dominant plants to grow fine.By right
The enrichment of its heavy metal ion and turn-over capacity analysis, and combine the polluting property of the Pb-Zn deposits, find to have patience to Cd or resist
The plant of property has：Green bristlegrass, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, wide leaf shrub lespedeza；There is the plant of patience or resistance to Cu
Have：The twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, green bristlegrass, tree-of-heaven, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, artemisia annua, wide leaf shrub lespedeza；There is the plant of patience or resistance to have Pb：Chaste tree
Item, Scabiosa tschiliensis, Myripnois dioica, green bristlegrass, acacia, Dracocephalum moldavica；There is the plant of patience or resistance to have Zn：Green bristlegrass, sand
Ginseng, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, artemisia annua, wide leaf shrub lespedeza.It follows that a kind of only four heavy metal species of plant pair of green bristlegrass are dirty
Dye element has stronger absorption characteristic, has universality to repairing five contaminated areas, and be aided with other plant and be directed to specific dirt
Dye area is repaired, and thus a degree of recovery can be obtained in the Pb-Zn deposits, but to make the mining area restore its original ecology
System, it is necessary to be aided with the characteristic that other means are improved soil.
Some researches show that, it introduces a fine variety super enriching plant and is of great significance for reinforcing the reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil, but
The usual biomass of super enriching plant having now found that is low, and slow-growing, remediation efficiency is low, hinders phytoremediation technology with direct
Large-scale application is put into practice in reparation.It has been reported that in lead zinc pollution area, phosphate fertilizer has the potential of in-situ immobilization contaminated soil, electricity
Dynamics reparation is highly effective to the reparation of the heavy metals such as Pb, As, Cd, Cu in hypotonicity soil.In conclusion taking a variety of
The method comprehensive treatment Pb-Zn deposits, can be such that the soil quality of this area is improved, and improve environmental benefit.
Embodiment 1
Grown on soil green bristlegrass to the heavy metal pollution in the areas A and the twigs of the chaste tree, two kinds of plants intersect plantation, work as plant growth
When to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide (mass concentration 0.25%), when plant growth to maturity period,
Heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide (it is 0.9% to spray mass concentration) is sprayed to it, is gathered in the plant senescence phase, it is real
The removal of existing heavy metal pollution, carries out harmless treatment.
Embodiment 2
To grown on soil the root of straight ladybell of the heavy metal pollution in the areas B, small red chrysanthemum, northeast indigo plant potted flower, three kinds of plants intersect plantation,
When plant growth to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide (mass concentration 0.25%), when plant gives birth to
Length sprays it heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide (it is 0.9% to spray mass concentration), in the plant senescence phase to the maturity period
It is gathered in, realizes the removal of heavy metal pollution, carry out harmless treatment.
Embodiment 3
To grown on soil acacia, tree-of-heaven, the green bristlegrass of the heavy metal pollution in the areas C, three kinds of plants intersect plantation, work as plant
When growing to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide (mass concentration 0.25%), when plant growth at
The ripe phase sprays it heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide (it is 0.9% to spray mass concentration), is received in the plant senescence phase
(acacia, tree-of-heaven do not have to harvesting, collect its dead leaf) is cut, the removal of heavy metal pollution is realized, carries out harmless treatment.
Embodiment 4
To the grown on soil elm of the heavy metal pollution in the areas D, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, three kinds of plants intersect plantation, work as plant
When object grows to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide (mass concentration 0.25%), when plant growth extremely
Maturity period sprays it heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide (it is 0.9% to spray mass concentration), is carried out in the plant senescence phase
Harvesting (elm does not have to harvesting, collects its dead leaf), realizes the removal of heavy metal pollution, carries out harmless treatment.
Embodiment 5
To the grown on soil leaflet Chinese wax of the heavy metal pollution in the areas E, henry brake herb with root, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, wide leaf Hu branch
Son, three kinds of plants intersect plantation, and when plant growth to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor maleic hydrazide, (quality is dense
Degree is 0.25%), when plant growth to maturity period, heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator thiocarbamide to be sprayed to it and (sprays mass concentration
0.9%), to be gathered in (leaflet Chinese wax does not have to harvesting, collects its dead leaf) in the plant senescence phase, realizing heavy metal pollution
Removal, carry out harmless treatment.
Using the technical solution of embodiment 1-5, after carrying out 1-3, can Planting Crops, fruits and vegetables, fruit tree, soil weight
Tenor exists《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》Within III Standard value.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of restorative procedure of cadmium lead bronze zinc heavy metal pollution of soil, the soil of the heavy metal pollution of this area be cadmium, lead,
Copper, zinc pollution or combined pollution, which is characterized in that there is accumulation ability to heavy metal in the grown on soil of heavy metal pollution
Plant, when plant growth to growth period, to its spray plant growth inhibitor, the plant growth inhibitor is green fresh
Element, it is that 0.1-0.5% sprays it heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator when plant growth to maturity period to spray mass concentration,
The heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator is thiocarbamide, and the thiocarbamide is glued with commonly complementary in pesticide in use
It ties reagent to share, it is 0.8-1.2% that thiocarbamide, which sprays mass concentration, is gathered in the plant senescence phase, realizes the shifting of heavy metal pollution
It removes.
2. the restorative procedure of cadmium lead bronze zinc heavy metal pollution of soil described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heavy metal
Contaminated soil is cadmium, lead, copper, zinc pollution refer to that cadmium single factor contaminant index is 1-30, and zinc single factor contaminant index is 1-25,
Lead single factor contaminant index is 1-6, and copper single factor contaminant index is 2-5, and the single factor contaminant index refers toP i =C i /S i ,
In formula：P i For pollutant in soil,iFor single factor contaminant index；C i Represent soil pollutantiMeasured value；S i It represents in soil
PollutantiPollution originate critical value, single factor contaminant index grade scale is：P i ＜ 1 is cleaned；1≤P i ＜ 2 gently pollutes；2≤P i It is polluted in ＜ 3；P i >=3 heavily contaminateds.
3. the restorative procedure of cadmium lead bronze zinc heavy metal pollution of soil described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heavy metal
Contaminated soil is cadmium, lead, copper, zinc combined pollution refer in soil containing the heavy metal pollution that cadmium, lead, copper, zinc are two or more,
Wherein, cadmium single factor contaminant index is 6.040, and zinc single factor contaminant index is 5.520, and lead single factor contaminant index is 5.040,
Copper single factor contaminant index is 3.900, and the single factor contaminant index refers toP i =C i /S i , in formula：P i To be polluted in soil
Object,iFor single factor contaminant index；C i Represent soil pollutantiMeasured value；S i Represent pollutant in soiliPollution starting face
Dividing value, single factor contaminant index grade scale are：P i ＜ 1 is cleaned；1≤P i ＜ 2 gently pollutes；2≤P i It is polluted in ＜ 3；P i >=3 weights
Pollution.
4. the restorative procedure of cadmium lead bronze zinc heavy metal pollution of soil described in claim 1, which is characterized in that have to heavy metal
The plant of accumulation ability refer to plantation green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, acacia, tree-of-heaven, elm, the tip
Two or more plants in melon, Dracocephalum moldavica, leaflet Chinese wax, salsola collina, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, wide leaf shrub lespedeza；The ocean
Chinese scholartree, tree-of-heaven, elm, leaflet Chinese wax are not necessarily to spray plant growth inhibitor and heavy metal pollution restoration accelerator, and without receiving
It cuts, only collects dead leaf；To annual green bristlegrass, the twigs of the chaste tree, the root of straight ladybell, small red chrysanthemum, Scabiosa tschiliensis, bastardtoadflaxlike swallowwort herb and fruit, Dracocephalum moldavica, pig hair
Dish, artemisia annua, Myripnois dioica, wide leaf shrub lespedeza are gathered in from root.
5. the restorative procedure of cadmium lead bronze zinc heavy metal pollution of soil described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant life
Long inhibitor is maleic hydrazide, and it is 0.25% to spray mass concentration.
6. the restorative procedure of cadmium lead bronze zinc heavy metal pollution of soil described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heavy metal
Pollution amelioration accelerating agent is thiocarbamide, and the thiocarbamide is shared with common complementary cohesive reagent in pesticide in use,
It is 0.9% that thiocarbamide, which sprays mass concentration,.
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| CN110014031A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-16 | 玉溪师范学院 | A kind of actic region plant restoration method |
| CN110153160A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-08-23 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | A method of city resettlement ground copper, zinc combined contamination soil are repaired using xylophyta |
| CN110576036A (en) * | 2019-09-08 | 2019-12-17 | 贵州省分析测试研究院 | Plant planting and repairing method for lead-zinc contaminated soil |
| CN110653254A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-07 | 兰州大学 | Risk control method for heavy metal contaminated soil in mining area-oasis staggered zone |
| CN112934949A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-11 | 上海交通大学 | Lawn restoration method based on heavy metal contaminated soil obtained by harvesting withered and old leaves |
| CN114918246B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2024-04-12 | 中南民族大学 | Phytoremediation method for high-efficiency low-cost heavy metal contaminated soil based on herbicide |
| CN115634923A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-01-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil around coal-based solid waste storage yard |
| CN115885777A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-04-04 | 四川农业大学 | Ecological restoration method for abandoned lead-zinc mine |
| CN117259418B (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2024-02-20 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Natural enhanced leaching system and method for simulating and repairing karst lead-zinc mining area soil arsenic and cadmium |
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