CN110508612A - The method of cadmium is remained in a kind of removing farmland - Google Patents
The method of cadmium is remained in a kind of removing farmland Download PDFInfo
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- CN110508612A CN110508612A CN201910822044.5A CN201910822044A CN110508612A CN 110508612 A CN110508612 A CN 110508612A CN 201910822044 A CN201910822044 A CN 201910822044A CN 110508612 A CN110508612 A CN 110508612A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods for absorbing by big biomass plant willow, removing residual cadmium in farmland, belong to the reparation of farming land Cadmium Pollution in Soils and Treatment process field, the described method comprises the following steps: 1) Cd-polluted farmland being turned over, hack and leveling；2) willow cutting is planted into the Cd-polluted farmland, the kind of the willow cutting is Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011, interplanting；3) moisturizing in 30d after the willow cutting plants, the interior completion weeding of 60d, thinning fill the gaps with seedlings and loosen the soil；4) it since the willow length to 50cm high survived, loosens the soil to the willow；5) when the willow it is long to 600~700d after, carry out the removal of willow；6) repeat step 1)~5) operation 1~2 time.The method of the invention can quickly and efficiently make remaining cadmium pollution in farmland drop to the safety in production such as rice using horizontal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to residual in the reparation of farming land Cadmium Pollution in Soils and Treatment process field more particularly to a kind of removing farmland
The method for staying cadmium.
Background technique
Farmland cadmium pollution not only threatens the production safety of grain, also directly relates to the future of human health or even nationality,
Prevention and treatment arable land or agricultural land soil cadmium pollution are just becoming the epoch topic that national people are paid high attention to.Administer agricultural land soil cadmium pollution
Mature recovery technique is needed, Cadmium Pollution in Soils phytoremediation technology is currently fundamentally to remove to remain the one of cadmium in soil
The method of Lao Yongyi, has the characteristics that ecological, sustainable, green, is also easiest to be received by common people, also most there is challenge certainly
Property.For the heavy-metal contaminated soils such as cadmium phytoremediation technology research for many years just by agrology, environmentology, ecology,
The extensive concern of the ambits such as agronomy, geochemistry, but the mature technology that can really promote and apply at present is not too much more.
There are two basic orientation for phytoremediation technology research, exactly find the big biomass plant that can absorb heavy metal-polluted soil
With over-accumulated plant.
Over-accumulated plant is exactly the plant for finding energy excess Enriching soil heavy metal, is that current phytoremediation technology is studied
Mainstream, mostly based on herbaceous plant.Herbaceous plant is many kinds of, and resistance is strong, with extensive adaptability and indomitable life
Power, it is strong to the patience of heavy metal, it is also widely used for the research and development of heavy-metal contaminated soil phytoremediation technology.It is presently found more
Heavy metal species hyperaccumulative plant belongs to herbaceous plant, such as: arsenic over-accumulated plant ciliate desert-grass, zinc Cd hyperaccumulator is sky blue holds back
Blue dish, manganese hyperaccumulative plant Phytolacca acinosa etc..Super enriching plant in herbaceous plant still has stronger adaptation to high concentration heavy metal
Ability can be effectively protected surface soil, be enriched with high concentration metal.But herbal biomass is smaller, extracts soil
The total amount of heavy metal might not be very much.Compared with herbaceous plant, weight in deep soil is can be absorbed in xylophyta well developed root system
Metallic element, the total amount for extracting heavy metal-polluted soil is relatively higher, and fuel use or timber use are also used as after harvesting, and receives
Collection flue gas and ash content recycle metal material after being further processed, which can enter food chain to avoid heavy metal.
Although the concentration that over-accumulated plant absorbs the heavy metals such as pedo relict cadmium is relatively high, because by the system of biomass
About, difficulty is shown in actual effect to remaining high concentration cadmium after all in removing soil in a short time, in addition the cost of over-accumulated plant reparation, pipe
Reason, Technique Popularizing etc. have certain limitation, so people pursue over-accumulated plant in phytoremediation for soil technical research
While exploitation, do not ignore another direction yet, exactly tries to remove the weight such as Cadmium in Soil by suitable big biomass plant
Metal.
In short, still there are many skills for the phytoremediation technologies research and development such as current domestic farmland soil heavy metals cadmium
The problems such as art method or application actual effect, does not capture.Substantially show:
(1) inclined indoor simulation is seldom specialized in for the cadmium pollution development of agricultural land soil；
(2) continuity of technical research is inadequate, there is indoor lacking to the complete test result in crop field；
(3) for the polluted agricultural lands such as cadmium, serike obtain field experiment success illustration almost without；
(4) successful examples for filtering out specific plant variety are rare.
Including Jiangsu, the heavy metal pollutions practical recovery technique in short supply such as many grain-producing area prevention and treatment cadmiums in China.It grinds
It is very necessary to send out practical, the inexpensive cadmium pollution phytoremediation technology of relatively economical.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, being remained in the removing farmland of high treating effect the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy to operate
The method of cadmium.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
The present invention provides a kind of methods that cadmium is remained in removing farmland, comprising the following steps:
1) Cd-polluted farmland is turned over, hack and leveling；It is described turn over, the depth of hack and leveling be 20~
30cm；
2) willow cutting is planted into the Cd-polluted farmland；
3) moisturizing in 30d after the willow cutting plants, the interior completion weeding of 60d, thinning fill the gaps with seedlings and loosen the soil；Ensure often to put down
Square rice survives 3~4 willows；
4) it since the willow length to 50cm high survived, is once loosened the soil every 55~65d to the willow, until willow
Until tree grows to 1.8~2.2m high；It is described loosen the soil during, around the willow, using the willow as the center of circle 15~
Ditching within the scope of 25cm；
5) when the willow it is long to 600~700d after, carry out the removal of willow；
6) repeat step 1)~5) operation 1~2 time；
The kind of willow cutting described in step 2) is Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011；The Su Liu 795 and spun gold hang down
Willow 1011 is interplanted.
Preferably, the length of willow cutting described in step 2) is 13~17cm；The cuttage end diameter of the willow cutting
For 0.8~1.2cm.
Preferably, the spacing in the rows that willow cutting described in step 2) plants is 40~60cm；The row that the willow cutting plants
Away from for 15~30cm.
Preferably, willow cutting described in step 2) plants the depth >=10cm to bury.
Preferably, the depth of institute's ditching is 4~6cm in step 4).
Preferably, Cd-polluted farmland is being turned over, after hack and leveling in step 1), is further including point ridge and trench digging step
Suddenly, several ridges are divided into Cd-polluted farmland by described, between the adjacent ridge and row is dug in entire Cd-polluted farmland periphery
Ditch.
Preferably, in the willow growth course, when there is willow leaf to fall, fallen leaves are removed.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: make in the method provided by the invention for removing farmland residual cadmium using big biomass plant
It is interplanted with willow kind Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011, the Su Liu 795 and the interplanting of golden silk willow 1011 can not only make two
Kind willow shape grows more preferably, moreover it is possible to willow be promoted to grow the absorption to Cadmium in Soil.For the similar acid soil in southern area of Jiangsu Province
Earth environment is 10.0mg/kg calculating with Cadmium in Soil mean concentration, under the premise of cutting off pollution sources, makes soil residual every year on average
The cadmium that stays reduces by 15%, and reduce within 2 years 30% may be implemented completely, according to above-mentioned elimination efficiency, by 2 years circulations,
The plants of continuous 6 years 3 circulations are removed, and remaining cadmium pollution in original farmland may make to drop to the benefit of the safety in production such as rice
With level, (Cadmium in Soil average content is controlled in 1.5mg/kg or less).
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that plantation willow removes farmland cadmium pollution construction process figure in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the heavy metal distributions such as Typical Areas farmland cadmium with depth of soil variation diagram；
Fig. 3 is that 1011 Different Organs of golden silk willow (position) absorb Cadmium in Soil effect contrast figure；
Fig. 4 is that In A Certain Locality, Jiangsu Province plants the reparations arable land cadmium pollution construction sites such as Su Liu 795.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides it is a kind of removing farmland in remain cadmium method, comprising the following steps: 1) to Cd-polluted farmland into
Row turns over, hack and leveling；It is described turn over, the depth of hack and leveling is 20~30cm；2) willow cutting is planted to described
In Cd-polluted farmland；3) moisturizing in 30d after the willow cutting plants, the interior completion weeding of 60d, thinning fill the gaps with seedlings and loosen the soil；Really
It protects every square metre and survives 3~4 willows；4) long to 50cm high since the willow that survives, every 55~65d to the willow into
Row once loosens the soil, until willow grows to 1.8~2.2m high；It is described loosen the soil during, around the willow, with described
Willow is ditching within the scope of the 15~25cm in the center of circle；5) when the willow it is long to 600~700d after, carry out the removal of willow；6)
Repeat step 1)~5) operation 1~2 time；The kind of willow cutting described in step 2) is Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011；
The Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011 are interplanted.
In the present invention, Cd-polluted farmland is turned over first, hack and leveling.The cadmium pollution agriculture in the present invention
The concentration range of the soil interval in field is 2.5~30.0mg/kg.In the present invention, the Cd-polluted farmland soil is preferably inclined
Acid soil, the pH to preferably 5.6~6.5 of the Cd-polluted farmland soil.In the present invention, described to turn over preferably machine
Tool is turned over, and the depth turned over is 20~30cm, preferably 22~28cm.The depth turned over is limited to 20 by the present invention
~30cm is because the scope (or enrichment soil thickness) of cadmium pollution is concentrated mainly on earth's surface 30cm in the soil of Cd-polluted farmland
In the above soil layer, as shown in Figure 2.The soil depth that the present invention turns over pollution field is limited to the arable layer of 20~30cm
Soil, 30cm following depth soil are not turned over, and 30cm soil below is without turning over, soil texture more consolidation, the root of willow
It must be not easy to penetrate downwards, ensure the root soil layer preferably in 30cm or more of the Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011 that plant
Middle growth, to improve Cd uptake effect.
The present invention preferably dries 2~4d after described turn over, and then uniformly sprays herbicide；The herbicide
Preferably local common harmless herbicide.The present invention carries out hack and leveling after described turn over.The present invention is to described
Hack and the specific method of leveling are not particularly limited, using the method for the hack and leveling of this field routine.
The present invention is turning over Cd-polluted farmland, after hack and leveling, preferably further include point ridge and trench digging step,
Several ridges are divided into Cd-polluted farmland by described, between the adjacent ridge and draining is dug in entire Cd-polluted farmland periphery
Ditch.It is described in the present invention that ridge is divided preferably according to shape, the size etc. of Cd-polluted farmland, to carry out along its length.In this hair
In bright, the gutter between the adjacent ridge is current for people；In the present invention, the depth in the gutter between the adjacent ridge
Preferably 25~35cm, more preferably 30cm；The width in the gutter between the adjacent ridge is preferably 15~25cm, more preferably
For 20cm；The depth in Cd-polluted farmland periphery gutter is preferably 75~85cm, more preferably 80cm；The cadmium pollution agriculture
The width in field periphery gutter is preferably 45~55cm, more preferably 50cm.In the present invention, the Cd-polluted farmland periphery row
Ditch is preferably connected to irrigation and drainage system around, with building water supply safeguards system, it is ensured that can be watered at any time.
The present invention turns over, after hack and leveling in the Cd-polluted farmland, and willow cutting is planted to the cadmium pollution agriculture
Tanaka.In the present invention, the kind of the willow cutting is Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011, and the Su Liu 795 and spun gold hang down
Willow 1011 is interplanted, and a line (or row) Su Liu 795 replaces plantation with a line (or row) golden silk willow 1011, and interplanting not only can be with
Two kinds of willow shapes are made to grow more preferably, moreover it is possible to willow be promoted to grow the absorption to Cadmium in Soil；Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow simultaneously
1011 interplantings be also convenient for it is daily manage and protect (weeding, water, control worm etc.) because interplanting ensures the willow of two kinds of different shapes, style
Tree, which mixes, is grown in one piece, and more convenient nursing staff walks therebetween, identifies pest and disease damage and moisture self-restraint state etc., increases day
Often manage and protect the accuracy of comparison；The concentration attack of some pests is also avoided, while willow root can be delayed to the fast of deep
Fast-growing is long.
In the present invention, the length of the willow cutting is preferably 13~17cm, more preferably 15cm；The willow cutting
Cuttage end diameter be preferably 0.8~1.2cm, more preferably 1.0cm.In the present invention, the strain that willow cutting described in plants
Away from preferably 40~60cm, more preferably 47~53cm, most preferably 50cm；The line-spacing that the willow cutting plants is preferably 15
~30cm, more preferably 19~21cm, most preferably 20cm.In the present invention, the willow cutting is preferred when planting
Gemma upward, tip plants downward, the willow cutting plant the depth buried it is preferred >=10cm.The present invention is to the willow
The source of tree cutting is not particularly limited, using commercially available or homemade willow cutting.The present invention is in the willow cutting
Preferred in 3d after planting watering, the present invention are not particularly limited the amount of the watering in time as needed, use
The irrigation amount of this field routine.
In the present invention, the moisturizing in 30d after the willow cutting plants, the interior completion weeding of 60d, thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings and pine
Soil.In the present invention, normal willow cutting, which plants to start to turn green after a week, spits green, gemma whole leakage branches and leaves after 15d, after 30 days
It can determine that it survives situation.Present invention moisturizing in the willow cutting 30d, the present invention is to the amount of the moisturizing and moisturizing
Frequency does not have particular/special requirement, grows truth according to willow cutting and determines.The present invention is not particularly limited the method for the weeding,
Using the artificial weeding of this field routine.In the present invention, the thinning fill the gaps with seedlings specially emerge too close region into
Row removes, and too dilute region of emerging is filled the gaps with seedlings, it is ensured that every square metre survives 3~4 willows, and keeps the willow survived equal as far as possible
It is even to be distributed in entire field.
In the present invention, since the willow length to 50cm high survived, primary pine is carried out to the willow every 55~65d
Soil, until willow grows to 1.8~2.2m high.In the present invention, the time loosened the soil preferably carries out one every 60d
Secondary, trunk is preferably promoted and is rolled upwards during described loosen the soil by the present invention, not break tree root, trunk
Premised on；Aforesaid operations can promote willow root as far as possible around or cross growth, it is ensured that in willow growth period as far as possible 0~
30cm cadmium pollution soil layer absorbs nutrient.The present invention is during described loosen the soil, and is circle with the willow around the willow
Ditching within the scope of 15~25cm of the heart；The depth of institute's ditching is preferably 4~6cm, more preferably 5cm.In the present invention, the ditch
In every willow surrounding of approximate circle perforation, perimeter can appropriate extension premised on not influencing to close on the growth of willow.The present invention
The efficiency of watering can be improved in middle institute's ditching, at the same be also beneficial to rain when in willow surrounding soil water storage, promote nutrient supply
Mostly in lateral infiltration, the speed that root can be delayed to grow downwards, so that root is made to absorb nutrient in 0~30cm cadmium pollution soil layer,
Promote Cd uptake.In the present invention, in the willow growth course, when there is willow leaf to fall, fallen leaves are removed；Especially exist
In autumn, preferred concentrate is purged, and is sent to centrostigma and does professional disposition.Leaf is the important composition portion for constituting biomass
Point, and cadmium is carried in leaf, it is therefore desirable to it removes in time, otherwise the cadmium in leaf can be transferred to again soil with the rotten of leaf
In earth.
In the present invention, when the willow it is long to 600~700d after, carry out the removal of willow.In the present invention, described
600~700d is to calculate the day planted from willow cutting.In the present invention, after the willow grows to 600~700d, one
Willow generally weighs 3kg or more, and willow root passes through pollution soil layer scope more at this time, and continued growth has been difficult to effective absorbent earth
Cadmium in earth needs to remove in time.In the present invention, it is preferred to willow is removed using mechanical+artificial integration of operation mode, it is described
Willow after removal is preferably sent to purchase spot and is centrally disposed.The present invention carries out systematic sampling in the willow growth period
Analysis, when the time of the systematic sampling is willow growth year and a day and before willow removal, the systematic sampling analysis includes planting
Object and its Soil-in-Root, plant sampling analysis include leaf and willow complete stool etc..In the present invention, the willow of the removal is preferred
It carries out the recycling of following aspect: 1) sending to bio-power plant and do fuel；2) it is supplied to timber dealer and does filler；3) it is used as and opens on the spot
Open up the seedling of willow phytoremediation.
The present invention repeats aforesaid operations 1~2 time after the willow removes.In the present invention, general to pass through 3
Circulation (6 years) can make the cadmium concentration in serious polluted agricultural land be reduced to safe utilization level.In the present invention, after removing willow,
Again plowed soils, preferred visual concrete condition add clean fine sand, the charcoal of 0.4%~0.6% mass into soil
And organic fertilizer, described 0.4%~0.6% accounts for rehabilitating soil i.e. 30cm or more for clean fine sand, charcoal and organic fertilizer gross mass
The soil quality percentage of thickness to prevent soil hardening, and ensures that willow grows as scheduled.
Technical solution provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment, but they cannot be understood
For limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Plant the method that Su Liu 795+ golden silk willow 1011 removes soil Cd
It is equidistant to transplant Su Liu 795 and 1011 willow cutting of golden silk willow, basic skills step according to 2 years circulations
It is rapid as follows:
(1) ploughing soil.Field to be repaired is turned over special machinery, soil layer ploughed depth about 30cm.After turning over
Exposing to the weather 3 days, uniformly spray primary local common harmless herbicide.
(2) seedling prepares.It can prepare seedling (solution can be prepared by purchase and voluntarily) simultaneously during ploughing soil,
Prepare enough Su Liu 795,1011 cutting of golden silk willow according to the land area to be repaired, for planting after land control completion.
The long 15cm of every root cutting, lower end diameter about 1cm.
(3) field is renovated.It carries out smooth to the field after drying is turned over, comprising hack, rakes, point ridge, trench digging etc..Foundation
Shape, size of natural field etc., are divided into several ridges for field along its length, stayed between ridge and ridge gutter, simultaneously for
Personnel walk in woodland after trees grow up.Field surrounding drainage trenching (depth 80cm, width 50cm), gutter and surrounding irrigation and drainage
System connectivity.Field is smooth to be finished, with building water supply safeguards system, it is ensured that can give sapling watering according to demand at any time.
(4) sapling is transplanted.(1-2d is more preferable before rain) is by the Su Liu 795 got ready, golden silk willow 1011 etc. during Treeplanting Day
Cutting is transplanted in the good field to be repaired of above-mentioned regulation, according to 50cm × 20cm (between length direction spacing 50cm, width direction
Away from 20cm) specification plugs wicker (seedling), every wicker buries 10cm or more, gemma upward, tip downward.Two kinds of willow cuttings
Interaction plants, such as first row Su Liu 795, second row golden silk willow 1011, alternately and repeatedly until until completing all transplantings.Transplanting
If finishing in 3 days without rain, need to water in time.
(5) weeding thinning.Normal willow cutting, which buries to start to turn green after a week, spits that green, gemma all leaks out branches after 15 days
Leaf can determine that it survives situation after 30 days.Seedling moisturizing is given in 30 days in time depending on truth after planting wicker, complete to remove in 60 days
Grass, thinning such as are filled the gaps with seedlings (emergence too close person removes, too dilute person fills the gaps with seedlings), loosen the soil at the initial stages nurse, it is ensured that 1 square metre survives 3~4 willows
It sets and is evenly distributed as much as possible in entire field.A circle 5cm depth left and right shallow ridges is dug, for watering guarantor in each willow surrounding simultaneously
Used in wet etc..
(6) worm is controlled to loosen the soil.After willow cutting survives (3~4/square metre) up to standard, timely moisturizing fertilizer, desinsection, it is ensured that willow
Normal growth is set, sends special messenger to carry out tracking to willow growth and manages and protects, loosen the soil in time to tree root, willow is regarded when loosening the soil and grows situation pair
Branch does moderate pruning, can moderately firmly trunk up be promoted and be rolled in early days, and control root system is grown around, promotes
Trunk is rocked premised on not breaking root system, lethal sapling.
(7) fallen leaves clean.Willow growth period will generate a large amount of leaf, and (leaf is the important composition portion for constituting biomass
Point) and leaf in carry Cd.After autumn fallen leaves, to arrange special messenger to be purged the willow fallen leaves of ground and be sent to concentration
Point does professional disposition.
(8) trees are removed.After willow growth full 700 days (being counted burying since cutting), one tree generally weigh 3kg with
On, willow root passes through pollution scope more at this time, and continued growth has been difficult to effectively absorb the Cd in soil, need in time to field
The willow to grow up in block is removed.It is general that willow is removed using mechanical+artificial integration of operation mode, it is sent to purchase spot and is collected
Middle disposition.Willow growth period systematic sampling is analyzed twice, is grown year and a day 1 time, is removed first 1 time, each sampling analysis includes
Plant and its Soil-in-Root, plant sampling analysis include leaf and willow complete stool etc..
(9) it repeats to plant.In the field emptied, continue to plant Su Liu 795, golden silk willow 1011 according to above procedure,
Based on dropping to and meet the requirements up to soil Cd.Generally the Cd concentration in serious polluted agricultural land can be made to drop by 3 circulations (6 years)
As low as safe utilization level.Again after real tillage, visual concrete condition added into soil 0.5% or so clean fine sand,
Charcoal, organic fertilizer etc. to prevent soil hardening and ensure that willow grows as scheduled.
Typical process flow can be reduced to shown in Fig. 1.
Individually plantation Su Liu 795+ golden silk willow 1011 removes the method for Cadmium in Soil referring to above-mentioned Su Liu 795+ golden silk willow
The interplanting of Su Liu 795+ golden silk willow 1011 is changed to individually plant Su Liu 795 and individually plantation gold by the method for 1011 interplantings respectively
Silk weeping willow 1011.
As a result as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Table 1 plants Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011 is repaired the measured datas such as on-site soil Cd and compared
Note: data are that plantation willow carries out the acquisition of arable land Cd pollution amelioration testing ground in table." before reparation " refers to Polluted Soil
Earth does not plant data when willow, and " 0.5 year " refers to data when willow grows half a year, and " 1 year " refers to number when willow grows 1 year
According to " 2 years " refer to data when willow grows 2 years；" Su Liu+weeping willow " expression interplants Su Liu 795 with golden silk willow 1011；" soil
The earth Cd range of decrease " refers to the soil Cd concentration fall after willow absorption, specific range of decrease value=(be after soil Cd- is repaired before repairing
Soil Cd after willow absorbs at that time)/preceding soil Cd × 100% is repaired, it is a percentage.
Table 2 plants willow on the spot and repairs Cd contaminated soil sampling analysis result
Note: sample is the collection in worksite gained of the interplanting of Su Liu 795+ golden silk willow 1011, willow growth about 1 year in table, is planted
Object is mainly the branches and leaves of willow, and soil refers to the Soil-in-Root of 30cm or more depth；BCF is in element bio-concentration factor=plant
Constituent content in constituent content/soil is a ratio, and BCF value is bigger, shows the ability of the plant absorption elements in Soil
It is stronger.
Comparative example 1
Different xylophytas absorb the comparison of agricultural land soil cadmium repairing effect
Above-described embodiment 1 carry out field experiment scene beside, using small pieces blank carried out plantation Su Liu 795,
The comparative test of weeping willow and other ornamental value nursery stocks finds farmland soil as the result is shown on the cadmium pollution soil in same location
Earth cadmium, which is unevenly distributed, to be continued to be verified, but there are significant differences for the ability of different plant absorption Cadmium in Soil, with plant growth 1
For term leaf, the ability that the leaf of Su Liu 795 absorbs Cadmium in Soil is most strong.Different plant leaves including Su Liu 795
The comparison of test results for absorbing Cadmium in Soil see the table below (table 3).
The different plant absorption soil Cd Contrast on effect of table 3
When plantation Su Liu 795 expires 1 year in above-mentioned field experiment, whole tree sampling sampling is carried out for the willow to grow up
It analyzes (1 willow is divided into 5 part such as tree root, trees, bark, branch, leaf), as a result, it has been found that the absorbability phase of Folium Pterocaryae
To most by force, the average organism concentration coefficient (BCF value) that the leaf of Su Liu 795 absorbs soil Cd reaches 5.26, is secondly bark
And tree root, bark are 4.5 to the average BCF value that soil Cd absorbs, tree root is 3.8 to the average BCF value that soil Cd absorbs.It is overall
From the point of view of, be averaged BCF value just 1.3 relatively worst with the ability that willow wooden (based on trunk) absorbs soil Cd, it is secondary for branch, its
Average BCF value is 2.1, is detailed in following table (table 4).The ability for illustrating that Su Liu 795 absorbs soil Cd with leaf is relatively most strong, and difference is planted
The willow of sundries official (position) has larger difference for soil Cd in absorbability.Cd is opposite in trees (trunk) assembles most
Few, it is big favourable that this disposition after growing up for willow is undoubtedly one.
Table 4 plants the different plant organs of Su Liu 795 on the spot and absorbs soil Cd analysis result (mg/kg) comparison
Note: data are when Su Liu 795 is grown 1 year obtained by sampling analysis in table, and BCF is Cd in bio-concentration factor=plant
Content/correspondence soil Cd content, " trees " refer to the willow trunk after peeling；It is (fresh that plant sample Cd content is all scaled weight in wet base
Weight).
As seen from the above-described embodiment, Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011 are interplanted, and are had for the processing of cadmium in Cd-polluted farmland
There is significant synergistic function, the range of decrease of cadmium is significantly higher than independent kind in the soil that Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011 are interplanted
Plant the range of decrease of cadmium in Su Liu 795 or 1011 soil of golden silk willow.
Method provided by the invention can be realized the efficient process of farmland residual cadmium.
It is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention described in upper, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications should also regard
For protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of remove the method for remaining cadmium in farmland, which comprises the following steps:
1) Cd-polluted farmland is turned over, hack and leveling；It is described turn over, the depth of hack and leveling is 20~30cm；
2) willow cutting is planted into the Cd-polluted farmland；
3) moisturizing in 30d after the willow cutting plants, the interior completion weeding of 60d, thinning fill the gaps with seedlings and loosen the soil；Ensure every square metre
Survive 3~4 willows；
4) it since the willow length to 50cm high survived, is once loosened the soil every 55~65d to the willow, until willow is long
Until 1.8~2.2m high；It is described loosen the soil during, around the willow, using the willow as the 15~25cm in the center of circle
Ditching in range；
5) when the willow it is long to 600~700d after, carry out the removal of willow；
6) repeat step 1)~5) operation 1~2 time；
The kind of willow cutting described in step 2) is Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow 1011；The Su Liu 795 and golden silk willow
1011 interplantings.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the length of willow cutting described in step 2) be 13~
17cm；The cuttage end diameter of the willow cutting is 0.8~1.2cm.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the spacing in the rows that willow cutting described in step 2) plants is
40~60cm；The line-spacing that the willow cutting plants is 15~30cm.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, willow cutting described in step 2) plant the depth buried >=
10cm。
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the depth of institute's ditching is 4~6cm in step 4).
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1) Cd-polluted farmland is turned over, hack
After leveling, further includes point ridge and trench digging step, several ridges are divided into Cd-polluted farmland by described, between the adjacent ridge
And entire Cd-polluted farmland periphery drainage trenching.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the willow growth course, when there is willow leaf to fall
When falling, fallen leaves are removed.
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