CN103586268A - Application of lantana camara to remediation of heavy metal zinc, lead and copper polluted soil - Google Patents
Application of lantana camara to remediation of heavy metal zinc, lead and copper polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103586268A CN103586268A CN201310543052.9A CN201310543052A CN103586268A CN 103586268 A CN103586268 A CN 103586268A CN 201310543052 A CN201310543052 A CN 201310543052A CN 103586268 A CN103586268 A CN 103586268A
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of lantana camara to remediation of heavy metal zinc, lead and copper polluted soil and relates to the technical field of remediation of heavy metal polluted environments. The lantana camara is planted into soil polluted by heavy metal zinc, lead and copper; the zinc, lead and copper in the soil are absorbed and accumulated according to the enrichment characteristic of the plant on the zinc, lead and copper, and most of the zinc, lead and copper are transferred to the overground part of the plant; finally, the overground part of the plant is harvested or the whole plant is harvested to be subjected to ashing treatment, and the heavy metal is extracted, so that the aim of remedying the zinc, lead and copper polluted soil is fulfilled. The lantana camara is thermophilic, hygrophilous, dry heat-resistant, barren-resistant, healthy and vigorous in growth and high in viability, can be trimmed and harvested and remain stubs to geminate shoots, and also can be integrally harvested and then reseeded, so the cost is low, the operability is high, and a new plant resource variety is developed for plant remediation of the heavy metal polluted soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the recovery technique field of Heavy-metal Polluted Environment, the in particular application of lantana in remediating heavy metal zinc lead bronze contaminated soil.
Background technology
Soil is depend on for existence the material base of procreation development of the mankind and numerous biology, but the sharp increase along with population, " three wastes " that the industry such as mining, smelting, plating, chemical industry produce and dirty filling, the unreasonable of agriculture chemical are used, and have caused serious heavy metal pollution.Western Sichuan is the areal concentration of famous plumbous zinc ore, copper mine, iron ore and the Rare Earth Mine in the whole nation, and the mine tailing producing during these mine developments and waste water contain the heavy metals such as a large amount of zinc, lead and copper, severe contamination mining soil and contiguous farmland.Heavy metal pollution in soil has the features such as chronicity, disguise and irreversibility, its pollutant poor mobility, holdup time in medium are grown, can not be degraded by microorganisms, and can finally affect environmental quality by approach such as food chain transmission, be detrimental to health.Therefore, carry out the restoration of the ecosystem of heavy metal zinc, lead and copper polluted soil extremely urgent.
The extraction effect that utilizes enrichment or super enriching plant is the phytoremediation technology of removal heavy metal from contaminated soil permanently, with its green, efficient, small investment, be easy to management, do not cause that the features such as secondary pollution become one of focus of current environmental ecology research, in the recovery technique of heavy-metal contaminated soil, there are very large potentiality.This technology is by repeating to plant enrichment or super enriching plant, heavy metal in absorption, enrichment soil, be transported to above-ground plant parts, then regularly cradle or gather in the crops above-ground plant parts, and the part ashing of harvesting is extracted to heavy metal, thereby the heavy metal concentration in contaminated soil is reduced to level of security.Phytoremediation be take plant, and to restrain oneself with the theory of excess enrichment certain or some heavy metal element be basis, and therefore, screening, to find the fast and effeciently rehabilitation plant of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal be the key of this technology successful implementation.Because being mostly distributed in mine district, field or being rich in metallic element rock decay in group's mode, enrichment or super enriching plant form on soil, therefore, the appear dominant plant of upper self-sow of abandoned mine or metallic ore is carried out to investigation and assessment, especially coercing test, is one of effective way of finding enrichment or super enriching plant.
Find that at present the plant of enriching heavy metal is mostly the enriching plant of nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, selenium, manganese, arsenic etc., and enriching plant counterweight metal has certain selective, general only have patience and accumulation ability to a heavy metal species, and heavy metal pollution of soil mostly is several heavy-metal composite pollutions, and usually association organic contamination is difficult to remove the multiple pollutant in soil with a kind of enriching plant comprehensively.In addition, the enriching plant some growth of discovery is slow at present, plant is short and small or the upperground part biomass is little, is restricted in actual applications; Activities of Some Plants is because cannot being grown by the impact of the environmental conditions such as soil types, pollution type, weather.Therefore, the plant variety resource that can be used at present zinc, lead and copper polluted soil reparation is difficult to meet actual needs, suddenly treats further research and expands available resources.
Therefore, find and to be suitable for the western weather in river, zinc lead bronze contaminated soil condition, rapidly, the large and strong new variety of plant of zinc lead bronze accumulation ability of biomass is this region zinc lead bronze various heavy phytoremediation technology of polluted soil problem demanding prompt solution in growth.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the problem for the biological prosthetic plant variety inadequate resource of heavy-metal contaminated soil, and the application of lantana in remediating heavy metal zinc lead bronze contaminated soil is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The application of lantana in remediating heavy metal zinc lead bronze contaminated soil, is that lantana is planted in heavy metal zinc, lead and copper contaminated soil, and after its vigorous period, harvesting above-ground plant parts, stays each internode place of stake part can continue to sprout new buds; Or after its vigorous period, the complete stool of gathering, then plant next batch of lantana; Then the plant of harvesting is carried out to ashing processing, extract heavy metal.
The concrete plantation step of described lantana is:
(1) seedling is prepared: 1) seed sowing mode, the ripe rear harvesting stack retting of lantana fruit, pulp is washed in immersion by rubbing with the hands, obtains seed, autumn with adopting with being sowed in zinc, lead and copper contaminated soil, or mixed husky storage, broadcast spring again; 2) cuttage mode, all can carry out the whole year, take annual 4-9 month as main; Clip annotinous branch or current-year branch are done cuttings, and every two joints or three save into one section, retain upper blade and cut half, soil is inserted in bottom, and the 1/3-1/2 of dark about cuttings suitably shades after cuttage and often sprays water, keep the moistening and air humidity of slotting machine at 80-90%, within 15-20 days, take root; By the lantana children seedling direct transplantation surviving, in zinc, lead and copper contaminated soil, its high 10-15cm, containing 6-8 sheet leaf; 3) press strip mode, annual spring, summer, Qiu Sanji, be pressed into the direct bending of branch of lantana maternal plant periphery in humid soil, the part being pressed in soil is carried out to girdling or carved wound, to promote Rapid Rooting, separated with maternal plant after the new root of growing, transplant in zinc, lead and copper contaminated soil;
(2) daily management: in annual 4-11 month, according to weather condition, every 3-7 days waters once permeable, March in December-next year is control water suitably, monthly waters a water slightly dry with soil, remains on 30% left and right of field capacity; The mine that irrigating facility is poor or polluted agricultural land carry out stalk covering, before annual May or rainy season set, whole section of material of straw, broad bean or pea stalk are covered, and cladding thickness is advisable with 10-15cm, monthly waters afterwards water one time; Cover whole section of material of maize straw September, and cladding thickness is similarly 10-15cm, waters water after covering one time, waters afterwards the water of once passing the winter mid-December, at the beginning of waiting for the coming year 4 months by the end of March, rewaters;
(3) harvesting is processed: after 90 days, plant vigorous period gathers in later, and each branch is left and taken base portion two joints, from top 2cm between second section, prunes harvesting, stays approximately long 10cm of stake part, stays each internode place of stake part can continue to sprout new buds; Or next batch of lantana will be planted after whole strain harvesting.
Described lantana Planting Row Distance 1.0m, spacing in the rows 0.5m.
In described step (2), transplanting or live front every mu of soil apply base fertilizer by following consumption: purity nitrogen 8-10kg, phosphorus (P
2o
5) 7-8kg, potassium (K
2o) 7-9kg; Or in annual 5-10 month, every 10-15 days executes the dilution liquid fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Lantana in the present invention (Latin is called Lantana comara L.), for Verenaceae Lantana evergreen dwarf shrub, originate in tropical America, on China Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, Taiwan and other places, all there is cultivation, can bloom the whole year, to bloom the 4-10 month, contain most, can make potted landscape.
The present invention utilizes this enriched character of lantana to zinc, lead and copper, planted in zinc, lead and copper polluted soil, absorption and accumulation zinc, lead and copper, and its major part is transported to overground part, then periodical reaping aerial part or complete stool, and the part of harvesting is carried out to ashing processing, to reach the object of repairing polluted soil.Because the vitality of lantana is very vigorous, be easy to survive, sprouting ability is strong, can prune and stay stake to continue to sprout new buds, and plant next batch of lantana, thereby cost is lower, workable after also can complete stool gathering.Therefore, the present invention is that the phytoremediation of heavy metal zinc, lead and copper polluted soil has been developed new plant resource variety, for the development of phytoremediation technology has brought new progress and development space.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that in embodiment 2, Different Zinc, lead and copper add lantana the upperground part biomass under concentration treatment conditions.Note: Tu Zhong concentration for the treatment of unit is mg kg
-1, in figure there is significant difference in 0.05 level between processing in different letter representations.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1 field test
Test site is that the rich spring in western Sichuan Hanyuan County is combined plumbous zinc Mine Area, and this mining soil zinc content is 100.05-1542.46mg kg
-1, lead content is 13.19-538.56mg kg
-1, copper content is 124.83-334.25mg kg
-1.Pluck ripe lantana (Latin is called Lantana comara L.) fruit, stack retting, immersion are washed pulp by rubbing with the hands and are obtained lantana seed.The seed of gathering is directly seeded in to the rich spring in Hanyuan County and combines plumbous zinc Mine Area, after emerging, carry out thinning, line-spacing 1.0m, spacing in the rows 0.5m during 5-6 sheet leaf.According to weather condition, every 5-7 days waters once permeable, within every 15 days, executes the dilution liquid fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed.Grow and randomly draw lantana 10 strains after 100 days, from 2cm harvesting in top between each branch base portion second section, stay approximately long 10cm of stake part.Detect zinc, lead and the copper content of harvesting plant overground part.The content of zinc, lead and copper is respectively 193.19-902.27mg kg
-1, 20.45-114.66mg kg
-1with 15.55-71.93mg kg
-1.
Embodiment 2 is potted plant coerces test
Test site is located at Sichuan Agricultural University's teaching and scientific research farm.
Adopt the method for potted plant simulated soil heavy metal pollution, by Verenaceae Lantana plant lantana (Latin is called Lantana comara L.) seedling replanting in adding the potted plant soil that gradient concentration heavy metal zinc, lead and copper pollutes.3, every basin, repeats for 3 times.The heavy 8kg of every basin soil, every basin applies purity nitrogen 0.4g, phosphorus (P
2o
5) 0.32g, potassium (K
2o) 0.37g.4 processing are established in test altogether, are respectively CK(and do not add heavy metal) and 3 differences add heavy metal concentration and test, the Heavy Metals adding is respectively ZnSO
47H
2o, Pb (NO
3)
2and CuSO
45H
2o, is AR, with solid-state, joins in soil, fully mixes, stand-by after balance surrounding.Add heavy metal concentration as table 1.
The test concentration for the treatment of of table 1 heavy metal zinc, lead and copper
The lantana of transplanting is the seedling of cultivating after cuttings cutting survival.The rich spring in Hanyuan County, clip Sichuan Province is combined the current-year branch of the lantana plant of plumbous zinc Mine Area growth and is done cuttings, and every three save into one section, retain the blade of top two joints and cut half, and insert in soil bottom 1/3.After cuttage, suitably shade and frequent water spray, keep the moistening and air humidity of slotting machine at 80-90%, after 15 days, can take root, in the time of 25 days, choose growth potential stalwartness, seedling of the same size is transplanted.In process of the test, according to soil moisture actual conditions every 3-5 days, water water one time, guarantee that soil moisture conservation is in 80% left and right of field capacity.For preventing the filter loss of heavy metal leaching, under basin, place plastic pallet and effusion is refunded in basin.Transplant the aerial part that stays stake harvesting plant after 70 days, measure content, enriching quantity, concentration coefficient and the transport coefficient of heavy metal zinc, lead and copper in ripe lantana plant.
Result of the test is as follows:
Fig. 1 is that Different Zinc, lead and copper add lantana the upperground part biomass under concentration treatment conditions.In Fig. 1, by the analysis of the least significant difference significance of difference, shown: it is 500mg kg that (1) zinc adds concentration
-1processing in, the upperground part biomass compared with the control, significantly rises (P<0.05), under higher zinc pollution processing horizontal, adds concentration and be 1500 and 3000mg kg
-1time, the upperground part biomass compared with the control, significantly declines (P<0.05), shows that lantana has stronger patience, but has certain limit, at zinc concentration, is greater than 1500mg kg
-1after, the growth of plant can be suppressed.(2) to add concentration be 100,600 and 1500mg kg to lead
-1processing in, the upperground part biomass compared with the control, does not have significant difference (P>0.05), illustrates that lantana shows very strong patience.(3) to add concentration be 500,1200 and 1500mg kg to copper
-1processing in, compared with the control, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), illustrates that lantana has stronger patience to the upperground part biomass.
In plant, zinc, lead and copper cumulant measurement result are in Table 2.(1) in lantana plant body, zinc content increases with the rising that adds concentration, adds lower (the 500mg kg of concentration
-1) time, plant overground part zinc content is higher than root system, and transhipment coefficient is greater than 1; Add concentration higher by (1500 and 3000mg kg
-1) time, plant root zinc content is greater than overground part, and transhipment coefficient is also higher; And whole strain plant shoot zinc enriching quantity is much larger than root system.(2) in lantana plant body, lead content increases with the rising that adds concentration, and root system and overground part lead content are more or less the same, but the plumbous enriching quantity of overground part is higher than root system.(3) in lantana plant body, copper content increases with the rising that adds concentration, adds lower (the 500mg kg of concentration
-1) time, plant root copper content is top above Ground, and transhipment coefficient is greater than 0.5; Add concentration higher by (1200 and 1500mg kg
-1) time, plant overground part copper content is greater than root system, and transhipment coefficient is greater than 1; And whole strain plant shoot copper enriching quantity is much larger than root system.The enriching quantity of plant overground part zinc, lead and copper, maximum can reach 7578.48 μ g plant
-1, 3976.59 μ g plant
-1with 8804.89 μ g plant
-1.
The enrichment characteristics of lantana to zinc, lead and copper under table 2 different disposal concentration
Note: TF is transhipment coefficient, and BCF is concentration coefficient.
Comprehensive lantana is to the patience of zinc, lead and copper and enrichment characteristics, and lantana is stronger to the patience of zinc, lead and copper and accumulation ability, and zinc, lead and copper polluted soil are had to stronger repair ability.Simultaneously Lantana is in evergreen dwarf shrub, and the florescence is longer, is good ornamental plant, and contaminated soil is had to the function that greening covers and beautifies the environment, and its complete stool do not enter food chain, can reduce the harm to human body and environment.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the application of lantana in remediating heavy metal zinc lead bronze contaminated soil, it is characterized in that, lantana is planted in heavy metal zinc, lead and copper contaminated soil, after its vigorous period, harvesting above-ground plant parts, stays each internode place of stake part can continue to sprout new buds; Or after its vigorous period, the complete stool of gathering, then plant next batch of lantana.
2. the application of lantana according to claim 1 in remediating heavy metal zinc lead bronze contaminated soil, is characterized in that, the concrete plantation step of lantana is:
(1) seedling is prepared: 1) seed sowing mode, the ripe rear harvesting stack retting of lantana fruit, pulp is washed in immersion by rubbing with the hands, obtains seed, autumn with adopting with being sowed in zinc, lead and copper contaminated soil, or mixed husky storage, broadcast spring again; 2) cuttage mode, all can carry out the whole year, take annual 4-9 month as main; Clip annotinous branch or current-year branch are done cuttings, and every two joints or three save into one section, retain upper blade and cut half, soil is inserted in bottom, and the 1/3-1/2 of dark about cuttings suitably shades after cuttage and often sprays water, keep the moistening and air humidity of slotting machine at 80-90%, within 15-20 days, take root; By the lantana children seedling direct transplantation surviving, in zinc, lead and copper contaminated soil, its high 10-15cm, containing 6-8 sheet leaf; 3) press strip mode, annual spring, summer, Qiu Sanji, be pressed into the direct bending of branch of lantana maternal plant periphery in humid soil, the part being pressed in soil is carried out to girdling or carved wound, to promote Rapid Rooting, separated with maternal plant after the new root of growing, transplant in zinc, lead and copper contaminated soil;
(2) daily management: in annual 4-11 month, according to weather condition, every 3-7 days waters once permeable, March in December-next year is control water suitably, monthly waters a water slightly dry with soil, remains on 30% left and right of field capacity; The mine that irrigating facility is poor or polluted agricultural land carry out stalk covering, before annual May or rainy season set, whole section of material of straw, broad bean or pea stalk are covered, and cladding thickness is 10-15cm, monthly waters afterwards water one time; Cover whole section of material of maize straw September, and cladding thickness is similarly 10-15cm, waters water after covering one time, waters afterwards the water of once passing the winter mid-December, at the beginning of waiting for the coming year 4 months by the end of March, rewaters;
(3) harvesting is processed: after 90 days, plant vigorous period gathers in later, and each branch is left and taken base portion two joints, from top 2cm between second section, prunes harvesting, stays approximately long 10cm of stake part, stays each internode place of stake part can continue to sprout new buds; Or next batch of lantana will be planted after whole strain harvesting.
3. the application of lantana according to claim 2 in remediating heavy metal zinc lead bronze contaminated soil, is characterized in that lantana Planting Row Distance 1.0m, spacing in the rows 0.5m.
4. the application of lantana according to claim 2 in remediating heavy metal zinc lead bronze contaminated soil, is characterized in that, in step (2), transplanting or live front every mu of soil apply base fertilizer by following consumption: purity nitrogen 8-10kg, phosphorus (P
2o
5) 7-8kg, potassium (K
2o) 7-9kg; Or in annual 5-10 month, every 10-15 days executes the dilution liquid fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed.
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| CN105699598A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 莆田学院 | Method for detecting absorption and distribution characteristics of longans for Pb |
| CN109909284A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-21 | 淄博市农业科学研究院 | A method of it repairs by heavy metal zinc polluted soil earth and utilizes |
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Application publication date: 20140219 |