CN106916771A - A kind of straw decomposing inoculant and using this kind of straw decomposing inoculant realize agricultural crop straw year after year continuous cropping full dose on the spot also field method - Google Patents
A kind of straw decomposing inoculant and using this kind of straw decomposing inoculant realize agricultural crop straw year after year continuous cropping full dose on the spot also field method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The agricultural crop straw method that continuous cropping full dose goes back field on the spot year after year is realized the invention provides a kind of straw decomposing inoculant and using this kind of straw decomposing inoculant.The straw decomposing inoculant is intersected antagonism culture and is obtained by Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum, three kinds of strains of Lactobacillus plantarum；The percentage by weight of each strain is：Li's Trichoderma 25~35%, trichoderma harzianum 20~40%, Lactobacillus plantarum 25~50%.After being activated through straw decomposing inoculant, sprayed using one agricultural machinery and implement of turning over and buried to the stalk surface in field and turning over, realization spills bacterium and disposable completion of turning over.This kind of method is efficiently solved between two season crops, because stalk full dose on the spot also field and caused by crops for rotation it is tight, second stubble crop cuttage sowing is difficult, seedling and straw decomposing rob nitrogen jaundice seedling it is weak the problems such as, the yield of crops is effectively increased, the amount of labour of the peasant in the busy farming season is reduced.Additionally, the stalk for burying of turning over can supplement the soil organism, soil water-retaining, draining, ventilative benign crumb structure are built.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stalk resource field of comprehensive utilization, and in particular to a kind of straw decomposing inoculant and this kind of straw of utilization
Stalk decomposing agent realizes the agricultural crop straw method that continuous cropping full dose goes back field on the spot year after year.
Background technology
At present, modern agriculture cultivated area is big, and agricultural production causes stalk excessive, and the open incineration of stalk causes money
Source wastes and serious atmosphere pollution, but because that cannot utilize completely, burns phenomenon and remain incessant after repeated prohibition, as whole society's focus of attention
Problem.
Substantial amounts of stalk how could, no longer as peasant household burden and governments at all levels headache problem.It is critical only that as
What effectively uses it turns waste into wealth.
The cell inclusion balanced containing precious in stalk, can provide Soil Biochemical material, including organic matter, nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium and trace element, it more provides the physical condition such as water retention, drainage and voidage, these nutrition and environment
Condition more forms " the organic hotbed " grown beneficial to edaphon procreation, thus improves the biological of soil.If be allowed to
Rotten organic growth in the ground without plus Reasonable Regulation And Control if, can produce the amount reproduction of very strong negative effect, microorganism will make
" the robbing nitrogen phenomenon " of paired crop and the slow phenomenon long of Xian Xian Yellowization, more seriously stalk in the case of non-aerobic bacteria advantage,
Crop young root will be subject to the harmful substance such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia or methyl mercaptan infringement Er Wei Yellow.
How can just efficiently solve between two season crops, because stalk full dose on the spot also field and caused by crops for rotation it is tight, lower stubble
Crop cuttage sowing is difficult, seedling and straw decomposing rob nitrogen jaundice seedling it is weak the problems such as so that stalk continuous cropping year after year, full dose is on the spot also
Historic problem on this agronomy of field is broken through.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides a kind of straw decomposing inoculant and preparation method thereof, the stalk is rotten
Ripe dose can by the cellulose in stalk, lignin, crude protein Fast Persistence decomposition of becoming thoroughly decomposed, be allowed to embrittlement, efflorescence, small molecule
Change, form humus.Produced during avoiding raw fertilizer curing rotten, burn seedlings, rob nitrogen etc. and endanger.
Present invention also offers a kind of agricultural crop straw method that continuous cropping full dose goes back field on the spot year after year, one agriculture is ploughed using spray
Equipment realizes that sprinkling and ploughing and weeding are disposably complete on the stalk surface being sprayed to the straw decomposing inoculant before turning in field
Into this kind of method can promote crops significantly to increase production.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention is：
A kind of straw decomposing inoculant, by Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum, three kinds of strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, intersects antagonism training
Support and obtain；The percentage by weight of each strain is：Li's Trichoderma 25~35%, trichoderma harzianum 20~40%, Lactobacillus plantarum
25~50%.
The viable count of the straw decomposing inoculant is 5~8 × 1010Individual/ml, the straw decomposing inoculant in the range of this bacterium number, through work
After change, stalk can be made tentatively to be become thoroughly decomposed at 7~10 days, the time of stalk recovery will extend if bacterium number is smaller, so understand shadow
Next batch of crop sowing is rung, and bacterium number is excessive, can increase production cost.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of described straw decomposing inoculant, comprise the following steps：
(1) Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum and Lactobacillus plantarum are inoculated in solid medium culture respectively；
(2) strain after step (1) culture is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium culture respectively；
(3) strain after step (2) culture is respectively placed in fermentation tank, and volume production culture to viable count is 5~15 × 1010
Individual/ml；
(4) strain after step (3) volume production culture is mixed, it is 5~8 × 10 to intersect antagonism culture to viable count10Individual/
Ml, is obtained straw decomposing inoculant.
The stalk includes grass family, pulse family, grain crops stalk.
In the step (2), Liquid Culture based component is：Sucrose 15g, K2HPO40.5g, CaCO35g, NaCl 1g, sugar
Honey (sugar refinery waste liquid Molases) 50g, distilled water is settled to 1L, and pH is 6.8~7.2, and condition of culture is shaking flask speed at 33 DEG C
150r/min, cultivates 36~48h.
In the step (3), the medium component in fermentation tank is：30~60g/L of glucose, 50~100g/L of molasses,
Urea 5~10g/L, KH2PO45~10g/L, remaining is distilled water, and pH is 6.5~7.5.The inoculum concentration of strain is medium body
Long-pending 1/1000；Condition of culture is：Strain inoculum concentration is weight percentage 3~15%；180h is cultivated at 35 DEG C, in incubation
5min is stirred per 12h, mixing speed is 20~30r/min, air 20min is filled per 2h, air mass flow is that liquid per ton is per minute
2 cubic metres of inflation.
In the step (4), intersecting antagonism culture used medium composition is：20~40g/L of glucose, molasses 30~
50g/L, urea 5~18g/L, P2O55~10g/L, KH2PO42~10g/L, 2~6g/L of sodium chloride, 3~5g/L of calcium carbonate,
Remaining is distilled water, and pH is 6.5~7.5.The ratio between volume of strain mixture and culture medium is 1:2.
In the step (4), it is 24~32 DEG C of temperature to intersect antagonism condition of culture, stirs 5min in incubation per 12h,
Mixing speed is 20~30r/min, and air 20min is filled per 2h, and air mass flow is liquid per ton 2 cubic metres of inflation per minute, altogether
Culture 120h.
Present invention also offers a kind of agricultural crop straw year after year continuous cropping full dose on the spot also field method, methods described include with
Lower step：
A. stalk is dispersed evenly to ground；
B. described straw decomposing inoculant is shifted to an earlier date 24 hours and is added water 200 times and dilute activation；
C. the straw decomposing inoculant after dilution is sprayed on ground and is turned over and buried, sprinkling and ploughing and weeding are disposably completed；
D. site preparation, ploughs under native stalk and makees base fertilizer, sows.
In the step a, the length of stalk is 5~10cm, a height of 5~10cm of toothing, and such stalk length and stubble are high
It is easy to cultivate, the functioning efficiency with straw decomposing inoculant is higher, and, the harvesting of current crops is mostly to use united reaper,
The straw harvesting length of the united reaper of most manufacturer production and stubble setting high also within the scope of this, therefore, in reality
Existing stalk full dose on the spot also field when, agricultural crop straw after united reaper harvesting without further pulverization process, i.e.,
Can be with straw decomposing inoculant useful effect.
In the step b, straw decomposing inoculant shifts to an earlier date 24 hours and is diluted with water, be conducive to recovering and strengthen the vigor of strain with
Activity, improves the efficiency that decomposing agent degenerates stalk.
In the step c, one agricultural machinery and implement are ploughed using spray and realizes that sprinkling and ploughing and weeding are disposably completed, one agriculture is ploughed in the spray
The preparation method of equipment is：Install a microbial inoculum bucket 6 and kinetic pump 7 additional on the plow frame 4 of tractor, installed additional in the front end of tractor
4~5 mist nozzles 31, are coupled together microbial inoculum bucket 6, kinetic pump 7, mist nozzle 31 with flexible pipe 9.Straw decomposing inoculant is put into
In microbial inoculum bucket 6, the straw decomposing inoculant in microbial inoculum bucket 6 is transported to by mist nozzle 31 through flexible pipe 9 by kinetic pump 7 and is sprayed to field
Stalk surface, while tractor works, realizes that front end Pen Jun rear ends are turned over, and has so both avoided artificial and mechanical repetition
Work, turns over and buries immediately after sprinkling, can improve the functioning efficiency of straw decomposing inoculant and stalk.
Further, the depth turned over is 30~40cm.Such depth is conducive to optimizing soil property and soil layer construction, favorably
In crop root system growth.
In the step c, the fountain height of straw decomposing inoculant is 2~4kg/ mus.
Compared with prior art, agricultural crop straw disclosed by the invention year after year go back in the method in field on the spot by continuous cropping full dose, leads to
Cross and spray straw decomposing inoculant to the stalk surface in field, then directly turn over and bury, make straw decomposing inoculant and agricultural crop straw
Fermentation corruption is carried out in underground, and then for crop growth provides base fertilizer, solved between two season crops, because of stalk full dose on the spot
Also field and the crops for rotation that cause are tight, second stubble crop cuttage sowing is difficult, seedling and straw decomposing rob nitrogen jaundice seedling it is weak the problems such as, effectively
The yield of crops is improve, the amount of labour of the peasant in the busy farming season is reduced.Additionally, the stalk for burying of turning over can supplement soil
Organic matter, builds soil water-retaining, draining, ventilative benign crumb structure.
Straw decomposing inoculant intersects antagonism training using Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum, three kinds of strain mixing of Lactobacillus plantarum
Support and obtain, each composition in culture medium act as：Glucose：The nutrient that strain spreads cultivation the volume production initial stage is provided；Molasses：Strain is provided
The nutrient of the volume production that spreads cultivation middle and later periods；Urea：The nitrogen that strain spreads cultivation needed for volume production is provided；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and five oxidations two
Phosphorus：Phosphorus, potassium element that strain spreads cultivation needed for volume production, sodium chloride and calcium carbonate are provided；Regulation acid-base value.
The effect of straw decomposing inoculant each strain is respectively：Li's Trichoderma is used for decomposing straw cellulose, quick composting
Stalk；Trichoderma harzianum：The lignin of decomposing straw, makes its brittle, efflorescence；Lactobacillus plantarum：In suppression and killing soil
Harmful bacteria pathogen, insect and worm's ovum.When cultivating, with reference to N, P, K fertilizer for soil provides fertility, nutrient.
In the present invention, agricultural crop straw and straw decomposing inoculant become thoroughly decomposed fermentation in underground, and mutual with N, P, K fertilizer
Collaboration plays a role, overcome soil-borne pathogen accumulate, recover soil nutrient it is unbalance, supplement the soil organism, optimize soil group
Kernel structure, enables water conservation, draining, breathes freely, and makes crop root flourishing, and plant is healthy and strong, improves yield.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that one agricultural machinery and implement are ploughed in spray, and the mark in figure is：1st, tractor, 2, fore-stock, 3, jet pipe,
31st, nozzle, 4, plow frame, 5, plough plough, 6, microbial inoculum bucket, 7, kinetic pump, 8, motor, 9, flexible pipe.
Specific embodiment
A kind of agricultural crop straw method that continuous cropping full dose goes back field on the spot year after year, the method for stating is comprised the following steps：
A. by 5~10cm of straw cutting, full dose is dispersed evenly to ground, a height of 5~10cm of toothing；
B. straw decomposing inoculant is calculated by every mu of 2~4kg, 24 hours in advance, adds water 200 times and dilute activation, add microbial inoculum
In bucket；
C. one agricultural machinery and implement, front end sprinkling straw decomposing inoculant are ploughed using spray, the rear end 30~40cm that turns over buries, spray bacterium and is ploughed
Weed and once complete；
D. site preparation, do base fertilizer, sowing.
The preparation method that one agricultural machinery and implement are ploughed in the spray is：Install a microbial inoculum bucket 6 and power additional on the plow frame 4 of tractor
Pump 7,4~5 mist nozzles 31 are installed additional in the front end of tractor, are connected microbial inoculum bucket 6, kinetic pump 7, mist nozzle 31 with flexible pipe 9
Pick up and.Straw decomposing inoculant is put into microbial inoculum bucket 6, it is by kinetic pump 7 that the straw decomposing inoculant in microbial inoculum bucket 6 is defeated through flexible pipe 9
It is sent to mist nozzle 31 to spray to field straw surface, while tractor works, realizes that front end Pen Jun rear ends are turned over.
The preparation method of the straw decomposing inoculant is：
(1) Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum and Lactobacillus plantarum are inoculated in solid medium, solid medium respectively
Composition be：Agar, 30 DEG C of culture 12h；
(2) strain after step (1) culture is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium respectively, and Liquid Culture based component is：Sucrose
15g, K2HPO40.5g, CaCO35g, NaCl 1g, molasses 50g, distilled water are settled to 1L, and acid-base value is 6.8~7.2,33 DEG C
Under, shaking flask speed 150r/min cultivates 36~48h；
(3) strain after step (2) culture is respectively placed in fermentation tank by the 1/1000 of culture volume, and volume production culture is extremely
Viable count is 5~15 × 1010Individual/ml, fermentation medium components are：30~60g/L of glucose, 50~100g/L of molasses, urea 5
~10g/L, KH2PO45~10g/L, remaining is distilled water；PH is 6.5~7.5；Volume production condition of culture is：Strain inoculum concentration is 3
~15%；180h is cultivated at 35 DEG C, 5min is stirred in incubation per 12h, rotating speed is 20~30r/min；The inflation per 2h
20min, air mass flow is liquid per ton 2 cubic metres of inflation per minute；
(4) strain after step (3) volume production culture is pressed into following percentage by weight：Li's Trichoderma 25~35%, Ha Ci
Trichoderma 20~40%, Lactobacillus plantarum 25~50% mixes, and it is 5~8 × 10 to intersect antagonism culture to viable count10Individual/ml, bacterium
It is 1 to plant the ratio between volume of mixture and culture medium:2, intersecting antagonism culture used medium composition is：20~40g/L of glucose,
30~50g/L of molasses, urea 5~18g/L, P2O55~10g/L, KH2PO42~10g/L, 2~6g/L of sodium chloride, calcium carbonate 3
~5g/L, remaining is distilled water, and pH is 6.5~7.5, and condition of culture is 24~32 DEG C of temperature, is stirred per 12h in incubation
5min, rotating speed is 20~30r/min；Air 20min is filled per 2h, air mass flow is liquid per ton 2 cubic metres of inflation per minute, altogether
Culture 120h, is obtained straw decomposing inoculant.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment 1~3, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of agricultural crop straw method that continuous cropping full dose goes back field on the spot year after year, the method for stating is comprised the following steps：
A. by 5~10cm of straw cutting, full dose is dispersed evenly to ground, a height of 5~10cm of toothing；
B. straw decomposing inoculant is calculated by every mu of 3kg, 24 hours in advance, adds water 200 times and dilute activation, add microbial inoculum bucket
It is interior；
C. one agricultural machinery and implement, front end sprinkling straw decomposing inoculant are ploughed using spray, the rear end 30cm that turns over buries, and sprays bacterium and ploughing and weeding one
Secondary completion；
D. site preparation, do base fertilizer, sowing.
Preceding crop is wheat in the present embodiment, and second stubble crop is paddy rice.
The preparation method that one agricultural machinery and implement are ploughed in the spray is：Install a microbial inoculum bucket 6 and power additional on the plow frame 4 of tractor
Pump 7,4~5 mist nozzles 31 are installed additional in the front end of tractor, are connected microbial inoculum bucket 6, kinetic pump 7, mist nozzle 31 with flexible pipe 9
Pick up and.Straw decomposing inoculant is put into microbial inoculum bucket 6, it is by kinetic pump 7 that the straw decomposing inoculant in microbial inoculum bucket 6 is defeated through flexible pipe 9
It is sent to mist nozzle 31 to spray to field straw surface, while tractor works, realizes that front end Pen Jun rear ends are turned over.
The preparation method of the straw decomposing inoculant is：
(1) Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum and Lactobacillus plantarum are inoculated in solid medium, solid medium respectively
Composition be：Agar, 30 DEG C of culture 12h；
(2) strain after step (1) culture is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium respectively, and Liquid Culture based component is：Sucrose
15g, K2HPO40.5g, CaCO35g, NaCl 1g, molasses 50g, distilled water are settled to 1L, and acid-base value is at 6.8,33 DEG C, to shake
Bottle speed 150r/min, cultivates 36h；
(3) strain after step (2) culture is respectively placed in fermentation tank by the 1/1000 of culture volume, and volume production culture is extremely
Viable count is 10 × 1010Individual/ml, fermentation medium components are：Glucose 30g/L, molasses 50g/L, urea 5g/L, KH2PO4
5g/L, remaining is distilled water；PH is 6.5；Volume production condition of culture is：Strain inoculum concentration is 8%；180h is cultivated at 35 DEG C, is cultivated
During per 12h stir 5min, rotating speed be 20~30r/min；20min is inflated per 2h, air mass flow is that liquid per ton is per minute
2 cubic metres of inflation；
(4) strain after step (3) volume production culture is pressed into following percentage by weight：Li's Trichoderma 30%, Trichoderma harzianum
Bacterium 40%, Lactobacillus plantarum 30% mixes, and it is 6 × 10 to intersect antagonism culture to viable count10Individual/ml, strain mixture and culture
The ratio between volume of base is 1:2, intersecting antagonism culture used medium composition is：Glucose 20g/L, molasses 30g/L, urea 5g/
L, P2O55g/L, KH2PO42g/L, sodium chloride 2g/L, calcium carbonate 3g/L, remaining is distilled water, and pH is 6.5, and condition of culture is
24~32 DEG C of temperature, stirs 5min per 12h in incubation, rotating speed is 20~30r/min；Air 20min, air stream are filled per 2h
It is liquid per ton 2 cubic metres of inflation per minute to measure, and co-cultures 120h, and straw decomposing inoculant is obtained.
Choose any two before stubble for wheat plot, wherein A plot be 6.8 mu, B plot be 15.5 mu, then each
Plot is divided into three equal parts, in the case of other cultivate condition identical, does following three kinds for the treatment of：
Ⅰ：Treatment 1 is preceding stubble wheat stalk to be crushed into spreading, the straw decomposing inoculant that the present embodiment is obtained is sprayed, by Wheat Straw
Stalk full dose goes back field on the spot, then rice cultivation；
Ⅱ：Treatment 2 is that preceding stubble wheat stalk is crushed into spreading, straw decomposing inoculant is not sprayed, by wheat stalk full dose on the spot
Also field, then rice cultivation；
Ⅲ：Treatment 3 is to remove preceding stubble wheat stalk, and wheat stalk does not go back field, then rice cultivation；
Under three kinds of dispositions, base fertilizer is made using 15-15-15 N P and K NPKs when Rice Cropping,
Its consumption is 45~50kg/ mus, is not topdressed additionally during paddy growth.
Under three kinds of dispositions, the paddy rice per mu yield situation in each plot is as shown in table 1.
Each plot paddy rice per mu yield situation of table 1
| Title | Area (mu) | I yield kg/ mus | II yield Kg/ mus | III yield Kg/ mus |
| A plot | 6.8 | 511.65 | 454.5 | 471.5 |
| B plot | 15.5 | 508.78 | 463.34 | 468.65 |
As can be seen from the above table, in A plot, I to II volume increase 12.6%, I to III volume increase 8.5%；In B plot, I to II increases
Produce 9.8%, I to III volume increase 8.6%.After result that two plot are obtained is average, I to II volume increase 11.2%, I to III increases production
8.55%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of agricultural crop straw method that continuous cropping full dose goes back field on the spot year after year, the method for stating is comprised the following steps：
A. by 5~10cm of straw cutting, full dose is dispersed evenly to ground, a height of 5~10cm of toothing；
B. straw decomposing inoculant is calculated by every mu of 4kg, 24 hours in advance, adds water 200 times and dilute activation, add microbial inoculum bucket
It is interior；
C. one agricultural machinery and implement, front end sprinkling straw decomposing inoculant are ploughed using spray, the rear end 40cm that turns over buries, and sprays bacterium and ploughing and weeding one
Secondary completion；
D. site preparation, do base fertilizer, sowing.
Preceding crop is wheat in the present embodiment, and second stubble crop is corn.
The preparation method that one agricultural machinery and implement are ploughed in the spray is：Install a microbial inoculum bucket 6 and power additional on the plow frame 4 of tractor
Pump 7,4~5 mist nozzles 31 are installed additional in the front end of tractor, are connected microbial inoculum bucket 6, kinetic pump 7, mist nozzle 31 with flexible pipe 9
Pick up and.Straw decomposing inoculant is put into microbial inoculum bucket 6, it is by kinetic pump 7 that the straw decomposing inoculant in microbial inoculum bucket 6 is defeated through flexible pipe 9
It is sent to mist nozzle 31 to spray to field straw surface, while tractor works, realizes that front end Pen Jun rear ends are turned over.
The preparation method of the straw decomposing inoculant is：
(1) Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum and Lactobacillus plantarum are inoculated in solid medium, solid medium respectively
Composition be agar, 30 DEG C culture 12h；
(2) strain after step (1) culture is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium respectively, and Liquid Culture based component is：Sucrose
15g, K2HPO40.5g, CaCO35g, NaCl 1g, molasses 50g, distilled water are settled to 1L, and acid-base value is at 7.0,33 DEG C, to shake
Bottle speed 150r/min, cultivates 42h；
(3) strain after step (2) culture is respectively placed in fermentation tank by the 1/1000 of culture volume, and volume production culture is extremely
Viable count is 14 × 1010Individual/ml, fermentation medium components are：Glucose 55g/L, molasses 95g/L, urea 8g/L, KH2PO4
8g/L, remaining is distilled water；PH is 7.0；Volume production condition of culture is：Strain inoculum concentration is 13%；180h is cultivated at 35 DEG C, is cultivated
During per 12h stir 5min, rotating speed be 20~30r/min；20min is inflated per 2h, air mass flow is that liquid per ton is per minute
2 cubic metres of inflation；
(4) strain after step (3) volume production culture is pressed into following percentage by weight：Li's Trichoderma 30%, Trichoderma harzianum
Bacterium 35%, Lactobacillus plantarum 35% mixes, and it is 7.5 × 10 to intersect antagonism culture to viable count10Individual/ml, strain mixture and training
It is 1 to support the ratio between volume of base:2, intersecting antagonism culture used medium composition is：Glucose 35g/L, molasses 45g/L, urea
15g/L, P2O58g/L, KH2PO48g/L, sodium chloride 4g/L, calcium carbonate 4g/L, remaining is distilled water, and pH is 7.3, cultivates bar
Part is 32 DEG C of temperature, stirs 5min in incubation per 12h, and rotating speed is 20~30r/min；Air 20min, air stream are filled per 2h
It is liquid per ton 2 cubic metres of inflation per minute to measure, and co-cultures 120h, and straw decomposing inoculant is obtained.
Stubble is the plot of wheat before choosing any two, and wherein A plot is 6 mu, and B plot is 5.5 mu, then each plot
Three equal parts are divided into, in the case of other cultivate condition identical, following three kinds for the treatment of is done：
Ⅰ：Treatment 1 is preceding stubble wheat stalk to be crushed into spreading, the straw decomposing inoculant that the present embodiment is obtained is sprayed, by Wheat Straw
Stalk full dose goes back field on the spot, then maize planting；
Ⅱ：Treatment 2 is that preceding stubble wheat stalk is crushed into spreading, straw decomposing inoculant is not sprayed, by wheat stalk full dose on the spot
Also field, then maize planting；
Ⅲ：Treatment 3 is to remove preceding stubble wheat stalk, and wheat stalk does not go back field, then maize planting；
Under three kinds of dispositions, base fertilizer is made using 15-15-15 N P and K NPKs when corn planting,
Its consumption is 45~50kg/ mus, is not topdressed additionally during corn growth.
Under three kinds of dispositions, the paddy rice per mu yield situation in each plot is as shown in table 2.
Each plot paddy rice per mu yield situation of table 2
| Title | Area (mu) | I yield kg/ mus | II yield Kg/ mus | III yield Kg/ mus |
| A plot | 6 | 667.78 | 588.90 | 610.07 |
| B plot | 5.5 | 658.48 | 572.09 | 590.65 |
As can be seen from the above table, in A plot, I to II volume increase 13.4%, I to III volume increase 9.5%；In B plot, I to II increases
Produce 15.1%, I to III volume increase 11.5%.After result that two plot are obtained is average, I to II volume increase 14.25%, I to III increasing
Produce 10.5%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of agricultural crop straw method that continuous cropping full dose goes back field on the spot year after year, the method for stating is comprised the following steps：
A. by 5~10cm of straw cutting, full dose is dispersed evenly to ground, a height of 5~10cm of toothing；
B. straw decomposing inoculant is calculated by every mu of 4kg, 24 hours in advance, adds water 200 times and dilute activation, add microbial inoculum bucket
It is interior；
C. one agricultural machinery and implement, front end sprinkling straw decomposing inoculant are ploughed using spray, the rear end 40cm that turns over buries, and sprays bacterium and ploughing and weeding one
Secondary completion；
D. site preparation, do base fertilizer, sowing.
Preceding crop is corn in the present embodiment, and second stubble crop is wheat.
The preparation method that one agricultural machinery and implement are ploughed in the spray is：Install a microbial inoculum bucket 6 and power additional on the plow frame 4 of tractor
Pump 7,4~5 mist nozzles 31 are installed additional in the front end of tractor, are connected microbial inoculum bucket 6, kinetic pump 7, mist nozzle 31 with flexible pipe 9
Pick up and.Straw decomposing inoculant is put into microbial inoculum bucket 6, it is by kinetic pump 7 that the straw decomposing inoculant in microbial inoculum bucket 6 is defeated through flexible pipe 9
It is sent to mist nozzle 31 to spray to field straw surface, while tractor works, realizes that front end Pen Jun rear ends are turned over.
The preparation method of the straw decomposing inoculant is：
(1) Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum and Lactobacillus plantarum are inoculated in solid medium, solid medium respectively
Composition be agar, 30 DEG C culture 12h；
(2) strain after step (1) culture is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium respectively, and Liquid Culture based component is：Sucrose
15g, K2HPO40.5g, CaCO35g, NaCl 1g, molasses 50g, distilled water are settled to 1L, and acid-base value is at 7.1,33 DEG C, to shake
Bottle speed 150r/min, cultivates 36~48h；
(3) strain after step (2) culture is respectively placed in fermentation tank by the 1/1000 of culture volume, and volume production culture is extremely
Viable count is 7 × 1010Individual/ml, fermentation medium components are：Glucose 42g/L, molasses 74g/L, urea 6g/L, KH2PO4
8g/L, remaining is distilled water；PH is 6.6；Volume production condition of culture is：Strain inoculum concentration is 7%；180h is cultivated at 35 DEG C, is cultivated
During per 12h stir 5min, rotating speed be 20~30r/min；20min is inflated per 2h, air mass flow is that liquid per ton is per minute
2 cubic metres of inflation；
(4) strain after step (3) volume production culture is pressed into following percentage by weight：Li's Trichoderma 25%, Trichoderma harzianum
Bacterium 35%, Lactobacillus plantarum 40% mixes, and it is 5.5 × 10 to intersect antagonism culture to viable count10Individual/ml, strain mixture and training
It is 1 to support the ratio between volume of base:2, intersecting antagonism culture used medium composition is：Glucose 23g/L, molasses 40g/L, urea
10g/L, P2O57g/L, KH2PO46g/L, sodium chloride 4g/L, calcium carbonate 5g/L, remaining is distilled water, and pH is 6.6, cultivates bar
Part is 26 DEG C of temperature, stirs 5min in incubation per 12h, and rotating speed is 20~30r/min；Air 20min, air stream are filled per 2h
It is liquid per ton 2 cubic metres of inflation per minute to measure, and co-cultures 120h, and straw decomposing inoculant is obtained.
Stubble is the plot of corn before choosing any two, and wherein A plot is 9 mu, and B plot is 8.5 mu, then each plot
Three equal parts are divided into, in the case of other cultivate condition identical, following three kinds for the treatment of is done：
Ⅰ：Treatment 1 is the straw decomposing inoculant for obtaining preceding stubble corn straw smashing spreading, sprinkling the present embodiment, by corn stalk
Stalk full dose goes back field on the spot, then plants wheat；
Ⅱ：Treatment 2 is by preceding stubble corn straw smashing spreading, does not spray straw decomposing inoculant, by maize straw full dose on the spot
Also field, then plants wheat；
Ⅲ：Treatment 3 is to remove preceding stubble maize straw, and maize straw does not go back field, then plants wheat；
Under three kinds of dispositions, base fertilizer is made using 15-15-15 N P and K NPKs when wheat planting,
Its consumption is 45~50kg/ mus, is not topdressed additionally during wheat growth.
Under three kinds of dispositions, the paddy rice per mu yield situation in each plot is as shown in table 3.
Each plot paddy rice per mu yield situation of table 3
| Title | Area (mu) | I yield kg/ mus | II yield Kg/ mus | III yield Kg/ mus |
| A plot | 9 | 559.50 | 505.76 | 522.32 |
| B plot | 8.5 | 564.46 | 491.25 | 513.43 |
As can be seen from the above table, in A plot, I to II volume increase 10.6%, I to III volume increase 7.1%；In B plot, I to II increases
Produce 11.2%, I to III volume increase 9.9%.After result that two plot are obtained is average, I to II volume increase 10.9%, I to III increases production
8.5%.
From various embodiments above as can be seen that agricultural crop straw disclosed by the invention year after year continuous cropping full dose on the spot also field side
Method, straw decomposing inoculant of the invention is sprayed by the stalk surface in field, can dramatically increase the yield of crops.
It is above-mentioned to realize that agricultural crop straw connects year after year to straw decomposing inoculant and using this kind of straw decomposing inoculant with reference to embodiment
The stubble full dose also detailed description that carries out of method in field on the spot, be it is illustrative rather than limited, can be according to limited scope
Several embodiments, therefore changing and modifications in the case where present general inventive concept is not departed from are included, protection of the invention should be belonged to
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of straw decomposing inoculant, it is characterised in that the straw decomposing inoculant is by Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum, plant breast
Three kinds of strains of bacillus, intersect antagonism culture and obtain；The percentage by weight of each strain is：Li's Trichoderma 25~35%, Kazakhstan thatch wood
Mould 20~40%, Lactobacillus plantarum 25~50%.
2. straw decomposing inoculant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the viable count of the straw decomposing inoculant is 5~8 ×
1010/ml。
3. the preparation method of straw decomposing inoculant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method includes following
Step：
(1) Li's Trichoderma, trichoderma harzianum and Lactobacillus plantarum are inoculated in solid medium culture respectively；
(2) strain after step (1) culture is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium culture respectively；
(3) strain after step (2) culture is respectively placed in fermentation tank, and volume production culture to viable count is 5~15 × 1010Individual/ml；
(4) strain after step (3) volume production culture is mixed, it is 5~8 × 10 to intersect antagonism culture to viable count10Individual/ml, system
Obtain straw decomposing inoculant.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in the step (3), culture medium in fermentation tank into
It is divided into：30~60g/L of glucose, 50~100g/L of molasses, urea 5~10g/L, KH2PO45~10g/L, remaining is distilled water,
PH is 6.5~7.5.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in the step (4), intersects antagonism culture training used
Foster based component is：20~40g/L of glucose, 30~50g/L of molasses, urea 5~18g/L, P2O55~10g/L, KH2PO42~
10g/L, 2~6g/L of sodium chloride, 3~5g/L of calcium carbonate, remaining is distilled water, and pH is 6.5~7.5.
6. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in the step (4), intersecting antagonism condition of culture is
24~32 DEG C of temperature, stirs 5min per 12h in incubation, air 20min is filled per 2h, and air mass flow is that liquid per ton is per minute
2 cubic metres of inflation, co-cultures 120h.
7. a kind of agricultural crop straw year after year continuous cropping full dose on the spot also field method, it is characterised in that methods described include following step
Suddenly：
A. stalk is dispersed evenly to ground；
B. the straw decomposing inoculant described in claim 1 is shifted to an earlier date 24 hours and is added water 200 times and dilute activation；
C. the straw decomposing inoculant after dilution is sprayed on ground and is turned over and buried, sprinkling and ploughing and weeding are disposably completed；
D. site preparation, ploughs under native stalk and makees base fertilizer, sows.
8., according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterised in that in the step c, one agricultural machinery and implement are ploughed using spray and is realized
Sprinkling and ploughing and weeding are disposably completed, and the preparation method that one agricultural machinery and implement are ploughed in the spray is：One is installed additional on the plow frame 4 of tractor
Microbial inoculum bucket 6 and kinetic pump 7,4~5 mist nozzles 31 are installed additional in the front end of tractor, with flexible pipe 9 by microbial inoculum bucket 6, kinetic pump 7,
Mist nozzle 31 is coupled together, by straw decomposing inoculant be put into microbial inoculum bucket 6 in, by kinetic pump 7 by microbial inoculum bucket 6 in straw decomposing
Agent is transported to mist nozzle 31 and sprays to field straw surface through flexible pipe 9, while tractor works, after realizing front end spray bacterium
Turn at end.
9., according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterised in that in the step c, the fountain height of straw decomposing inoculant is 2
~4kg/ mus.
10. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterised in that the depth turned over is 30~40cm.
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| CN107384810A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-11-24 | 芜湖皖江知识产权运营中心有限公司 | A kind of stalk fermentation antimicrobial composition microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof |
| CN112166981A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-05 | 吉林农业大学 | Autumn smashing and field returning planting method suitable for rice straws in middle of northeast China |
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