CN106912340B - A kind of three library of paddy fields in south china collaboration high-yield cultivating method - Google Patents
A kind of three library of paddy fields in south china collaboration high-yield cultivating method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106912340B CN106912340B CN201710219598.7A CN201710219598A CN106912340B CN 106912340 B CN106912340 B CN 106912340B CN 201710219598 A CN201710219598 A CN 201710219598A CN 106912340 B CN106912340 B CN 106912340B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rice
- field
- period
- soil
- tillage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 225
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 197
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 197
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009355 double cropping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 241000293268 Astragalus chinensis Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000037488 Coccoloba pubescens Species 0.000 claims description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021329 brown rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of three library of paddy fields in south china collaboration high-yield cultivating method, for the ripe area rice field of double cropping of rice three, expand library by winter or early rice season deep ploughing appropriateness, winter kind green manure, straw-returning sufficiently supports library, late rice is no-tillage, wetting irrigation for paddy field, it takes turns for many years and ploughs saving library, and expand, it supports, the method for constructing reasonable topsoil with the collaboration of three libraries, paddy fields in south china soil plough horizon is overcome to shoal, it is acidified hardened, tilth deteriorates, physicochemical character is deteriorated, soil air resistance amount becomes smaller, the realistic problems such as retain water and nutrients performance variation, it can be energy saving, soil protection structure, reduce soil erosion, it protects and stores soil nutrient, it can increase soil cultivation layer depth again, improve soil texture, expand soil pool capacity, increase soil nutrient content, improve liquid manure utilization efficiency, construct the reasonable soil plough horizon long-term management mechanism in rice field, realize that rice is persistently got bumper crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three libraries of paddy fields in south china to cooperate with high-yield cultivating method, more particularly to a kind of southern double cropping of rice three
Ripe area, three library, rice field cooperates with high-yield cultivating method.
Background technique
Paddy fields in south china largely apply by few no-tillage and chemical fertilizer and herbicide for a long time, rice field winter slack, winter steep, plate field is passed the winter shadow
Ring, cause soil plough horizon to shoal, be acidified hardened, tilth and deteriorate, physicochemical character is deteriorated, soil air resistance amount becomes smaller, secondary incobation and
Gleying, retain water and nutrients performance are deteriorated, and have seriously affected the performance of rice growth and sustainable yield potential.Although according to
The single conventional methods such as winter kind green manure, deep ploughing (or rotation is no-tillage), straw-returning, wetting irrigation for paddy field can improve part soil texture,
But on long terms, effect, which is not obvious, does not also continue, therefore is badly in need of through research different farming system modes rice field floods and droughts wheel
Make technology, deep plough, turns over, revolves, exempting from the soil wheel combined and plough technology, straw-returning integration technology, water-saving fertilizer-saving such as efficiently produces at the skills
Art finds a kind of expansion library, supports library and cooperate with the cultural method of sustainable high yield to solve the above problems with three library of library.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides one kind in view of the deficiencies of the prior art can increase paddy fields in south china soil cultivation layer depth, improve
Soil texture expands soil pool capacity, increases soil nutrient content, improves liquid manure utilization efficiency, increases rice yield, realizes soil
Expand library increase-volume, construct the rice high-yield cultivating method of reasonable topsoil with feeding combination in the rice field of ground sustainable use.
Above-mentioned purpose that the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
As one embodiment of the present invention, a kind of three library of paddy fields in south china collaboration high-yield cultivating method, for winter kind
Plant the double rice cropping system rice field of green manure, the specific steps are as follows:
A, the period 1 is using the no-tillage straw of returning straw into field-late rice of deep ploughing before winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Stalk mulching and returning-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation.
B, second round to period 3 or second round to period 5 use winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Preceding rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation.
C, step a, b is repeated, an above-mentioned period is three crop season, growth times anniversary.
As another embodiment of the invention, a kind of three library of paddy fields in south china collaboration high-yield cultivating method, for winter
Idle double rice cropping system rice field, the specific steps are as follows:
A, the period 1 turns over the no-tillage stalk of returning to the field-late rice using rotary tillage straw before free time in winter deep ploughing-early rice rice transplanting and covers
Lid returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation.
B, second round to period 3 or second round to period 5 using the free time in winter it is no-tillage-early rice rice transplanting before revolve
Plough returning straw into field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation.
C, step a, b is repeated, an above-mentioned period is the free time in winter to double cropping of rice anniversary growth time.
Step a, in b, the deep ploughing of free time in winter is after late rice harvest, using rice field idle season, in mid-October to 11
Month last ten-days period carry out ploughing deeply non watered ploughing and sun the earth which has been ploughed up using the tractor with pivot plow to paddy soil；Deep ploughing or rotary tillage straw before early rice rice transplanting
Stalk turns over returning to the field, and specific step is as follows, and 5~20 days before early rice rice transplanting, rice field is poured water, utilizes the tractor with pivot plow or rotation
The machine of ploughing carries out deep ploughing or rotary tillage to rice field, while winter kind green manure stalk completely or partially being turned in soil, when early rice crops for rotation
When linking is nervous, 75~150kg/hm is spread fertilizer over the fields2Alkaline fast saprophage bacterial manure；Deep ploughing mean depth is 20 ± 1.5cm, and rotary tillage is average
Depth is 12 ± 1.5cm.
Above-mentioned anniversary growth time was referred to from First Year mid-October or the last ten-days period to second year mid-October or the last ten-days period.
In step b, if after the period 3, be measured to topsoil soils index, when soil plough horizon depth is maintained at
14cm is between 22cm；Plough sole thickness is maintained at 8cm between 16cm；Soil organic matter storage capacity content is not less than 22500kg/
hm2；Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen storage capacity content is not less than 270kg/hm2；Available phosphorus storage capacity content is not less than 11kg/hm2；Available potassium storage capacity content
Not less than 60kg/hm2, then continue the period 4, if the period 4 is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned topsoil soils index, select three
A period is a circulation, if after the period 4, topsoil soils can reach These parameters, then continues the period 5,
If the period 5 is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned topsoil soils index, four periods are selected to recycle for one, if the period 5 remains to
Reach These parameters, in conjunction with Long-term No-tillage aggravation shoal to topsoil, nutrient pool hold drop etc. factors influence, then select the 5th week
Phase is a most macrocyclic end.
Step a, in b, winter zero tillage green manure specifically comprises the following steps, green manure selects single Chinese milk vetch or single fertilizer
With rape or Chinese milk vetch and fertilizer rape mixed planting, when single Chinese milk vetch, Chinese milk vetch selects Hunan purple 1, Hunan purple No. 2, Hunan
No. 3 purple, Hunan purple 4, Hunan fertile No. 3 or Yujiang County's large leaf, after mid-October or the harvesting of last ten-days period late rice, Chinese milk vetch presses sowing quantity
22.5~30.0kg/hm2No-tillage seeding, mid-April next year or the last ten-days period deep plough or are revolved in conjunction with early rice in Chinese milk vetch full-bloom stage
Pressure returning to the field is ploughed, the amount of turning over is 2.25~3.0 ten thousand kg/hm2；When single fertilizer rape, fertilizer rape selects oil fertilizer 1 or oil fertilizer
No. 2, late October to the early November after late rice harvesting, fertilizer presses 9.0~15.0kg/hm of sowing quantity with rape2No-tillage seeding, it is secondary
Early April in year turns over returning to the field in conjunction with early rice deep ploughing or rotary tillage, the amount of turning over is 3.0~3.5 ten thousand kg/ when fertilizer uses rape flowering
hm2；When Chinese milk vetch and fertilizer use rape mixed planting, Chinese milk vetch selects above-mentioned kind, mid-October or evening in the last ten-days period with fertilizer rape
After rice harvesting, by 11.25~15.00kg/hm of Chinese milk vetch sowing quantity2, fertilizer use 4.5~7.5kg/hm of rape sowing quantity2No-tillage mixing
Sowing, mid-April next year or the last ten-days period, early rice deep ploughing or rotary tillage turn over returning to the field, and the amount of turning over is 2.5~3.0 ten thousand kg/hm2。
Step a, in b, specific step is as follows for late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field, drains water in field, early straw after early rice harvest
Full dose mulching and returning, with the no-tillage 3~3.75kg/hm of soil conditioner of efficient weeding2It is watered 750kg/hm2, in the afternoon 5 when after
It is spraying, pour water after r floods rice stubble for 24 hours, play paste to surface soil, topsoil soils melt it is living after, free-plowing and throwing rice seedling late rice.
Step a, in b, specific step is as follows for rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field, is planted using thin water throwing, throws 5d after planting to throwing and protects
1~2cm water layer is held, is irrigated to before earing using the water-saving mode of alternation of wetting and drying after the root and stem of certain plants living, heading stage keeps 3~5cm water layer, booting
Dry-wet alternate irrigation is used to the maturity period, 7d cuts off the water supply to before harvesting, and during Dry-wet alternate irrigation, water capacity maintains 60%
More than.
Due to using the above method, the present invention is tested by long time period, is found out by a large amount of data comparison best
Mode realizes that three libraries cooperate with, and realizes reasonable topsoil building, while by reversely analyzing the topsoil that can most evaluate topsoil soils
Soil root system finds the cycle period for being suitble to situation on the spot to determine three library coordinated implementation periods, guarantees that rice field is closed
The long-term effect of soil plough horizon is managed, conducive to the sustainable utilization in soil.
Local tradition control cultivation mode uses the no-tillage-early rice rotary tillage-late rice rotary tillage of winter slack to throw cultivation-straw not also for a long time
Field-rice growing season normal irrigation carries out, and has caused soil plough horizon to shoal, fertility decline, the wasting of resources, and the present invention passes through depth
The reasonable utilization of the rotation systems such as cultivated, no-tillage and many years soil wheel cultivated, winter kind green manure, straw-returning, wetting irrigation for paddy field, realizes and expands
Library, support library, with three library of library cooperate with cultivate, can energy saving, soil protection structure, reduce soil erosion, protect store soil nutrient,
It can increase soil cultivation layer depth again, improve soil texture, expand soil pool capacity, increase soil nutrient content, improve liquid manure
Utilization efficiency can also improve early rice and late rice yield and anniversary rice yield.It is planted by this method, soil cultivation layer depth
Increase by 3.7~9.0cm；Plough sole thickness reduces by 3.8~9.0cm；Soil organic matter storage capacity content increase by 11140.86~
29729.35kg/hm2, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen storage capacity content increase by 88.72~230.20kg/hm2, available phosphorus storage capacity content increase by 3.81~
9.05kg/hm2, available potassium storage capacity content increase by 23.10~59.18kg/hm2；So that early rice yield increase by 198.9~
799.6kg/hm2；Late rice yield increases by 282.4~1150.3kg/hm2；Anniversary rice yield increases by 481.3~1949.9kg/
hm2。
The method that the present invention constructs reasonable topsoil for the collaboration of three library of rice field is according to double cropping of rice growing area soil in North of Hunan, Hunan
The many factors joint effects such as earth, liquid manure and warm light resource, found out by production cycle many years come from appropriateness expand library to
Sufficiently feeding library, then the method for the reasonable topsoil of a set of building to saving library, particularly suitable for the ripe area's rice of southern double cropping of rice three
Cultivation, can utilize region temperature, light, water resource to greatest extent, pass through rice field-upland field rotation, land used and reasonably combined, realization water of increasing soil fertility
Rice is persistently got bumper crops.
It how circannian to the progress of the ripe area's rice cultivating method of double cropping of rice three can be made rational planning for using technical solution of the present invention,
So as to reach Highly effective, economize on resources, reduce production cost, reduce ecological pollution and other effects.Therefore, the present invention has
Significant economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the soil plough horizon of different cultivation modes is distributed.
In attached drawing, the cultivated-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode of wheel is turned over-exempted to mode one: 3 annual period；Two: 4 annual period of mode
It turns over-exempts from wheel and plough-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode；Cultivated-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field the mould of wheel is turned over-exempted to mode three: 5 annual period
Formula；Mode four: long-term rotary tillage-straw not returning to the field-normal irrigation mode.
Specific embodiment
It is intended to further illustrate the present invention with reference to embodiments, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In November, 2012~2016 year October carries out field experiment in Hunan Province, rice field, Huarong County, experimental field belongs to subtropical zone season
Wind moist climate, average annual 1200~1600mm of rainfall, 16.7 DEG C of year-round average temperature, >=10 DEG C of active accumulated temperature 5 300~5
400 DEG C, year sunshine time 1295.9h, 260~310d of frost-free period.Testing soil is purple wattenshlick, the foundation soil content of organic matter
25.21g/ ㎏, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 163.32mg/ ㎏, available phosphorus 7.18mg/ ㎏, available potassium 63.40mg/ ㎏, pH value 5.5.Test is set altogether
3 kinds of cultivation modes.Mode one, in the 1st production cycle, in November, 2015~2016 year 10 in November, 2012~2013 year October
The 4th production cycle of the moon, using the no-tillage stalk of returning straw into field-late rice of deep ploughing before winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Mulching and returning-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation, the 2nd production cycle in November, 2013~2014 year October,
It 3rd production cycle in November, 2014~2015 year October, is turned over using rotary tillage straw before winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Press returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation.Mode two, in November, 2012
It is 4th production cycle in the 1st production cycle, in November, 2015~2016 year October in October ,~2013, idle deep using winter
Rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode and plants before cultivated-early rice rice transplanting
Training, is adopted at the 3rd production cycle in the 2nd production cycle, in November, 2014~2015 year October in November, 2013~2014 year October
With the free time in winter it is no-tillage-early rice rice transplanting before rotary tillage straw to turn over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wet
The mode cultivation of irrigation.Mode three (control), 4 production cycles in November, 2012~2016 year October are all made of winter slack and exempt from
It ploughs-early rice rotary tillage-late rice rotary tillage and throws cultivation-straw not returning to the field-rice growing season normal irrigation mode cultivation.
Winter zero tillage green manure, in single Chinese milk vetch on November 2nd, 2012, kind Hunan fertilizer 3, sowing quantity 26.25kg/
hm2No-tillage seeding；On November 5th, 2013 single Chinese milk vetch, purple No. 1 of kind Hunan, sowing quantity 26.25kg/hm2No-tillage seeding；2014
On November 12, in presses Chinese milk vetch sowing quantity 11.25kg/hm2, fertilizer use rape sowing quantity 4.5kg/hm2No-tillage mixed seeding, Chinese milk vetch
Kind Hunan is No. 2 purple, and fertilizer is with rape variety oil fertilizer 1；On November 7th, 2015 single Chinese milk vetch, purple No. 2 of kind Hunan, sowing quantity
26.25kg/hm2No-tillage seeding；Green manure turn over the time be mid-April next year full dose turn over returning to the field.
Winter deep ploughs respectively on November 5th, 2012, on November 10th, 2015, using the tractor with pivot plow to rice field
Soil, which carries out ploughing deeply non watered ploughing, suns the earth which has been ploughed up, and deep plough 20 ± 1.5cm of mean depth.Early rice deep ploughing returning straw into field, respectively at 2013 4
Month 18 days, on April 15th, 2016, rice field is poured water, using the tractor with pivot plow, is deep ploughed to rice field, while by the winter
Kind green manure stalk all turns in soil, and spreads fertilizer over the fields 100kg/hm2Alkaline fast saprophage bacterial manure, to accelerate the corruption of green manure stalk
Soil acidity is solved and neutralizes, deep ploughing mean depth is 20 ± 1.5cm.Rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field in each production cycle, is all made of
Rotary cultivator is carried out by early rice deep ploughing method, and rotary tillage mean depth is 12 ± 1.5cm.Late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field, is each
Water in field is drained after early rice harvest in production cycle, allows soil conservation moisture state, early total straw mulching and returning, with efficient weeding
No-tillage soil conditioner 3kg/hm2It is watered 750kg/hm2, in the afternoon 5 when after it is spraying, pour water after r floods rice stubble for 24 hours.To table
Soil plays paste, after topsoil soils melt work, free-plowing and throwing rice seedling late rice.
Rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field in each growth cycle is all made of thin water throwing and plants, and throws 5d after planting to throwing and keeps 1~2cm
Water layer is irrigated to before earing using the water-saving mode of alternation of wetting and drying after the root and stem of certain plants living, and heading stage keeps 3~5cm water layer, booting to maturity period
Using Dry-wet alternate irrigation, 7d cuts off the water supply to before harvesting, and during Dry-wet alternate irrigation, water capacity maintains 60% or more.Often
Rule, which are irrigated, is all made of full period field holding 3~5cm water layer, and 7d cuts off the water supply to before harvesting.
Early-paddy brown rice is Hunan morning Xian 45 in each growth cycle, and Varieties In Late Rice is Yue You 9113, other cultivation steps are pressed
Usual manner carries out.
The measurement of topsoil soils index, topsoil depth, plough sole thickness use on-site inspection mensuration；Bulk density uses cutting ring
Method；Hardness is measured using TYD- pointer-type stratameter；Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen uses alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method；Available phosphorus is soaked using sodium bicarbonate
Mention-molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method；Available potassium uses ammonium acetate extraction-flare photometer；Full nitrogen uses Kelvin nitriding；Soil is organic
Carbon uses potassium dichromate oxidation；Active organic carbon uses KMnO4Oxidizing process；Cation exchange capacity (CEC) uses EDTA- acetyl amine salt
Exchange process.Topsoil soils nutrient storage capacity content (kg/hm2)=topsoil depth (the cm) × soil weight (g/cm3) × nutrient content
(mg/kg)/10。。
(1) early rice, late rice yield and the anniversary rice yield of different cultivation modes
As known from Table 1, (winter slack, which is exempted from, with local traditional cultivation mode is shown to the early rice yield result of different cultivation modes
Plough-early rice rotary tillage-late rice rotary tillage and throw cultivation-straw not returning to the field-rice growing season normal irrigation) it is control, using one (winter of mode
Deep ploughing or rotary tillage straw turn over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season before zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Wetting irrigation for paddy field) mode cultivates, and early rice yield is 7317.2kg/hm2, increase 799.6kg/hm than normal control mode early rice yield2；It adopts
With mode two, (rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-before the deep ploughing of free time in winter or no-tillage-early rice rice transplanting
Rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field) mode cultivates, and early rice yield is 7216.5kg/hm2, increase than normal control mode early rice yield
698.9kg/hm2。
Late rice yield to different cultivation modes the result shows that, using (the winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting of mode one
Preceding deep ploughing or rotary tillage straw turn over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field) mode cultivates, evening
Rice yield is 8917.5kg/hm2, increase 1150.3kg/hm than normal control mode late rice yield2；Using mode two, (winter is idle deep
Rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field before cultivated or no-tillage-early rice rice transplanting)
Mode is cultivated, late rice yield 8734.8kg/hm2, increase 967.6kg/hm than normal control mode late rice yield2。
To different cultivation modes anniversary rice yield the result shows that, using (the winter zero tillage green manure-early rice of mode one
Deep ploughing or rotary tillage straw turn over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field before rice transplanting) mode plants
Training, anniversary rice yield are 16234.7kg/hm2, increase 1949.9kg/hm than normal control mode anniversary rice yield2；Using mode
Two (it is raw to turn over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice for rotary tillage straw before the deep ploughing of free time in winter or no-tillage-early rice rice transplanting
Long season wetting irrigation for paddy field) mode cultivates, and anniversary rice yield is 15951.3kg/hm2, increase than normal control mode anniversary rice yield
1666.5kg/hm2。
The different cultivation mode morning of table 1, late rice yield and all annual outputs (three town Feng Si of Huarong County, 2016)
| Processing | Early rice (kg/hm2) | Late rice (kg/hm2) | All annual output (kg/hm2) |
| Mode one | 7317.2 | 8917.5 | 16234.7 |
| Mode two | 7216.5 | 8734.8 | 15951.3 |
| Normal control mode | 6517.6 | 7767.2 | 14284.8 |
Mode one: deep ploughing or rotary tillage straw turn over the no-tillage stalk of returning to the field-late rice before winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Mulching and returning-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode；
Mode two: rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention before the deep ploughing of free time in winter or no-tillage-early rice rice transplanting
Returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode；
Normal control mode: cultivation-straw not returning to the field-rice growing season normal irrigation is thrown in-early rice rotary tillage-late rice rotary tillage that winter slack is no-tillage
Mode.Similarly hereinafter.
(2) soil physico-chemical index of different cultivation modes
As known from Table 2, the soil correlation physical and chemical index measurement result of different cultivation modes is shown and local traditional cultivation
Mode (winter slack is no-tillage, and cultivation-straw not returning to the field-rice growing season normal irrigation is thrown in-early rice rotary tillage-late rice rotary tillage) is compared, using mould
(deep ploughing or rotary tillage straw turn over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-to formula one before winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field) mode cultivates, and soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increases 25.55mg/kg, available phosphorus increases 0.87mg/kg, quick-acting
Potassium increases 3.52mg/kg, full nitrogen increases 0.50g/kg, cation exchange capacity (CEC) increases 1.13cmol (+)/kg, organic carbon increases
2.44g/kg, activated carbon increase 1.57g/kg；Using mode two (free time in winter deep ploughing or no-tillage-early rice rice transplanting before rotary tillage straw
Turning over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field) mode cultivates, and soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increases
14.27mg/kg, available phosphorus increase 0.80mg/kg, available potassium increases 1.51mg/kg, full nitrogen increases 0.15g/kg, cation is handed over
The amount of changing increases 1.28cmol (+)/kg, organic carbon increases 1.18g/kg, activated carbon increases 0.69g/kg.Illustrate by implementing deep ploughing
Or the cultivation modes such as winter planting's Chinese milk vetch combination straw-returning, wetting irrigation for paddy field, soil nutrient content can be improved, soil fertilizer is promoted
Power is horizontal.
The soil physico-chemical index (three town Feng Si of Huarong County, 2016) of the different cultivation modes of table 2
| Processing | Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen | Available phosphorus | Available potassium | Full nitrogen | Cation exchange capacity (CEC) | Organic carbon | Activated carbon |
| (mg/kg) | (mg/kg) | (mg/kg) | (g/kg) | (cmol(+)/kg) | (g/kg) | (g/kg) | |
| Mode one | 189.47 | 8.08 | 67.18 | 2.19 | 10.56 | 17.08 | 12.87 |
| Mode two | 178.19 | 8.01 | 65.17 | 1.84 | 10.71 | 15.82 | 11.99 |
| Normal control mode | 163.92 | 7.21 | 63.66 | 1.69 | 9.43 | 14.64 | 11.30 |
As known from Table 3, to the soil nutrient storage capacity assay of different cultivation modes the result shows that, with local traditional cultivation
Mode (winter slack is no-tillage, and cultivation-straw not returning to the field-rice growing season normal irrigation is thrown in-early rice rotary tillage-late rice rotary tillage) is compared, using mould
(deep ploughing or rotary tillage straw turn over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-to formula one before winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field) mode cultivates, and soil organic matter storage capacity content increases 14314.02kg/hm2, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen storage capacity contains
Amount increases 156.48kg/hm2, available phosphorus storage capacity content increase 6.34kg/hm2, available potassium storage capacity content increase 47.08kg/hm2；
Using mode two, (rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention also before the deep ploughing of free time in winter or no-tillage-early rice rice transplanting
Field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field) mode cultivates, and soil organic matter storage capacity content increases 11140.86kg/hm2, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen library
Hold content and increases 126.97kg/hm2, available phosphorus storage capacity content increase 5.95kg/hm2, available potassium storage capacity content increase 40.81kg/
hm2；.Illustrate that soil can be improved by implementing the cultivation modes such as deep ploughing or winter planting's Chinese milk vetch combination straw-returning, wetting irrigation for paddy field
Earth nutrient storage capacity content promotes farmland quality.
The soil nutrient storage capacity content (three town Feng Si of Huarong County, 2016) of the different cultivation modes of table 3
| Processing | Organic carbon storage capacity content | Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen storage capacity content | Available phosphorus storage capacity content | Available potassium storage capacity content |
| (kg/hm2) | (kg/hm2) | (kg/hm2) | (kg/hm2) | |
| Mode one | 36537.54 | 405.31 | 17.28 | 143.71 |
| Mode two | 33364.38 | 375.80 | 16.89 | 137.44 |
| Normal control mode | 22223.52 | 248.83 | 10.94 | 96.64 |
(3) soil physical indicators of different cultivation modes
As known from Table 4, to the soil related physical index determining of different cultivation modes the result shows that, with local traditional cultivation
Mode (winter slack is no-tillage, and cultivation-straw not returning to the field-rice growing season normal irrigation is thrown in-early rice rotary tillage-late rice rotary tillage) is compared, using mould
(deep ploughing or rotary tillage straw turn over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-to formula one before winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field) mode cultivates, and soil cultivation layer depth increases 5.9cm, plough sole thickness reduces 5.5cm, soil
Bulk density reduces 0.03g/cm3, soil hardness reduce 0.23kg/cm2；Using mode two, (deep ploughing of free time in winter or no-tillage-early rice are thrown
Rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field before seedling) mode cultivates, and soil is ploughed
Make layer depth and increases 5.3cm, plough sole thickness reduction 5.1cm, soil weight reduction 0.01g/cm3, soil hardness reduce
0.13kg/cm2.Illustrate by implementing the cultivation modes such as deep ploughing or winter planting's Chinese milk vetch combination straw-returning, wetting irrigation for paddy field, energy
Increase farming layer depth, improve soil pool capacity, improves soil texture.
The soil physical indicators (three town Feng Si of Huarong County, 2016) of the different cultivation modes of table 4
| Processing | Arable layer | Plough sole | Bulk density | Hardness |
| (cm) | (cm) | (g/cm3) | (kg/cm2) | |
| Mode one | 19.1 | 9.3 | 1.12 | 1.46 |
| Mode two | 18.5 | 9.7 | 1.14 | 1.56 |
| Normal control mode | 13.2 | 14.8 | 1.15 | 1.69 |
Embodiment 2
In March, 2012~2016 year November carries out field experiment in Hunan Province Li- ling city rice field, experimental field belongs to subtropical zone season
Wind moist climate, average annual rainfall 1429.7mm, 17.6 DEG C of year-round average temperature, 5400~5600 DEG C of >=10 DEG C of active accumulated temperature,
Year sunshine time 1325.6h, 270~320d of frost-free period.Testing soil is damp sand mud, foundation soil content of organic matter 31.22g/
㎏, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 160.31mg/ ㎏, available phosphorus 6.58mg/ ㎏, available potassium 34.06mg/ ㎏, pH value 4.86.Experimental cultivation mode is
Winter slack-double cropping of rice sets 4 kinds of cultivation modes altogether.Mode 1 is turned over-is exempted from wheel 3 annual periods and plough-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field, in 2014
Nian Zao, late rice are turned over, and morning in 2015,2016, late rice is no-tillage；Mode 2 is turned over-is exempted from wheel 4 annual periods and ploughs-wet the filling of straw incorporation-
It irrigates, is turned in morning, late rice in 2013, morning in 2014,2015,2016, late rice is no-tillage；Mode 3 is turned over-is exempted from wheel 5 annual periods and ploughs-rice
Careless returning to the field-wetting irrigation for paddy field was turned in morning, late rice in 2012, and morning in 2013,2014,2015,2016, late rice is no-tillage；Mode four,
Long-term rotary tillage-straw not returning to the field-normal irrigation, annual early, the late rice rotary tillage cultivation in 2012~2016 years.Early late rice is all made of throwing
Seedling cultivation is turned over using ploughing deeply mode, 18 ± 1.5cm of depth, rotary tillage 10 ± 1.5cm of depth, during test experimental cultivar early rice is
Early 39, late rice is H excellent 518, and it is same as Example 1 to plough deeply the cultural methods such as cultivated, rotary tillage, no-tillage and wetting irrigation for paddy field, other cultivations
Measure carries out in the usual way.
Early rice in 2016 was sowed March 22, and throwing on April 20 is planted, 30.0 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants of density/hm2, harvested July 16；Late rice
It was sowed June 27, throwing on July 21 is planted, 27.0 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants of density/hm2, harvested October 19.
(1) early rice, late rice yield and the anniversary rice yield of different cultivation modes
As known from Table 5, the early rice yield result of different cultivation modes is shown with long-term rotary tillage-straw not returning to the field-routine
Irrigation is control, ploughs-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation using turning over-exempting from 3 annual periods to take turns, early rice yield is
7833.2kg/hm2, increase 548.6kg/hm than normal control mode early rice yield2；- straw incorporation-is ploughed using turning over-exempting from wheel 4 annual periods
Wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation, early rice yield are 7717.4kg/hm2, increase 432.8kg/hm than normal control mode early rice yield2；Using
It turns over-exempts from wheel 5 annual periods and plough-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation, early rice yield is 7483.5kg/hm2, compare normal control mode
Early rice yield increases 198.9kg/hm2。
Late rice yield to different cultivation modes the result shows that, using turn over-exempt from 3 annual periods wheel plough-straw incorporation-is wet fills
Irrigate mode cultivation, late rice yield 8050.5kg/hm2, increase 649.3kg/hm than normal control mode late rice yield2；Using 4 year week
Phase turns over-exempts from wheel and ploughs-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation, late rice yield 7851.4kg/hm2, produced than normal control mode late rice
Amount increases 450.2kg/hm2；- straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation is ploughed using turning over-exempting from 5 annual periods to take turns, late rice yield is
7683.6kg/hm2, increase 282.4kg/hm than normal control mode late rice yield2。
To different cultivation modes anniversary rice yield the result shows that, using turn over-exempt from 3 annual periods wheel plough-straw incorporation-is wet
Moisten Irrigation cultivation, anniversary rice yield is 15883.7kg/hm2, increase than normal control mode anniversary rice yield
1197.9kg/hm2；Using turn over-exempt from 4 annual periods take turns plough-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation, the anniversary rice yield be
15568.8kg/hm2, increase 883.0kg/hm than normal control mode anniversary rice yield2.- straw is ploughed using turning over-exempting from wheel 5 annual periods
Returning to the field-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation, anniversary rice yield are 15167.1kg/hm2, increase than normal control mode anniversary rice yield
481.3kg/hm2。
The different cultivation modes of table 5 are early, late rice yield and all annual outputs (town Li- ling city Si Fen, 2016, kg/hm2)
| Processing | Early rice | Late rice | All annual outputs |
| Mode one | 7833.2 | 8050.5 | 15883.7 |
| Mode two | 7717.4 | 7851.4 | 15568.8 |
| Mode three | 7483.5 | 7683.6 | 15167.1 |
| Mode four | 7284.6 | 7401.2 | 14685.8 |
Cultivated-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field the mode of wheel is turned over-exempted to mode one: 3 annual period；Mode, which is turned over-exempted from two: 4 annual period, takes turns
Plough-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode；
Cultivated-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field the mode of wheel is turned over-exempted to mode three: 5 annual period；Mode four: long-term rotary tillage-straw is not
Returning to the field-normal irrigation mode.Similarly hereinafter.
(2) soil physico-chemical index of different cultivation modes
As known from Table 6, the soil correlation physical and chemical index measurement result of different cultivation modes is shown with long-term rotary tillage-rice
Returning to the field-normal irrigation mode is not control to grass, ploughs-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation using turning over-exempting from 3 annual periods to take turns, soil
Earth alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increases 32.57mg/kg, available phosphorus increases 1.15mg/kg, available potassium increases 11.59mg/kg, full nitrogen increases
0.50g/kg, cation exchange capacity (CEC) increase 0.76cmol (+)/kg, organic carbon increases 5.33g/kg, activated carbon increases 3.22g/
kg；- straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation is ploughed using turning over-exempting from 4 annual periods to take turns, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increases 24.98mg/kg, has
It imitates phosphorus and increases 0.78mg/kg, available potassium increase 8.41mg/kg, full nitrogen increase 0.41g/kg, cation exchange capacity (CEC) increase
0.55cmol (+)/kg, organic carbon increase 3.96g/kg, activated carbon increases 2.35g/kg；- rice is ploughed using turning over-exempting from wheel 5 annual periods
Careless returning to the field-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increases 2.25mg/kg, available phosphorus increases 0.19mg/kg, available potassium increases
2.93mg/kg, full nitrogen is added to increase 0.05g/kg, cation exchange capacity (CEC) increases 0.14cmol (+)/kg, organic carbon increases 0.89g/
Kg, activated carbon increase 0.79g/kg.Illustrate to plough-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation by turning over-exempting from wheel, soil can be improved
Nutrient content promotes soil fertility level, and to turn over-exempt from the effect for taking turns cultivated-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation 3 annual periods
Fruit is best.
The soil physico-chemical index (town Li- ling city Si Fen, 2016) of the different cultivation modes of table 6
As known from Table 7, to the soil nutrient storage capacity assay of different cultivation modes the result shows that, with long-term rotary tillage-rice
Returning to the field-normal irrigation mode is not control to grass, ploughs-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation using turning over-exempting from 3 annual periods to take turns, soil
Earth organic carbon storage capacity content increases 29729.35kg/hm2, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen storage capacity content increase 230.20kg/hm2, available phosphorus storage capacity contains
Amount increases 9.05kg/hm2, available potassium storage capacity content increase 59.18kg/hm2；- straw incorporation-is ploughed using turning over-exempting from wheel 4 annual periods
Wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation, soil organic matter storage capacity content increase 21011.13kg/hm2, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen storage capacity content increase
165.81kg/hm2, available phosphorus storage capacity content increase 6.34kg/hm2, available potassium storage capacity content increase 41.26kg/hm2；Using 5
It turns over-exempts from wheel annual period and plough-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation, soil organic matter storage capacity content increases 11181.99kg/
hm2, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen storage capacity content increase 88.72kg/hm2, available phosphorus storage capacity content increase 3.81kg/hm2, available potassium storage capacity content
Increase 23.10kg/hm2.Illustrate to plough-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation by turning over-exempting from wheel, soil nutrient pool can be improved
Hold content, promotes farmland quality, and best to turn over-exempt from the effect of the cultivated-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation of wheel 3 annual periods.
The soil nutrient storage capacity content (town Li- ling city Si Fen, 2016) of the different cultivation modes of table 7
| Processing | Organic carbon storage capacity content | Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen storage capacity content | Available phosphorus storage capacity content | Available potassium storage capacity content |
| (kg/hm2) | (kg/hm2) | (kg/hm2) | (kg/hm2) | |
| Mode one | 50970.53 | 416.63 | 16.71 | 99.00 |
| Mode two | 42252.30 | 352.23 | 14.00 | 81.08 |
| Mode three | 32423.16 | 275.14 | 11.47 | 62.92 |
| Mode four | 21241.18 | 186.42 | 7.66 | 39.82 |
(3) soil physical indicators of different cultivation modes
From Fig. 1 and table 8 it is found that showing the soil physical indicators measurement result of different cultivation modes with long-term rotary tillage-rice
Returning to the field-normal irrigation mode is not control to grass, ploughs-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation using turning over-exempting from 3 annual periods to take turns, soil
Earth farming layer depth increases 6.3cm, transition region thickness increases 2.7cm, plough sole thickness reduces 9.0cm, the soil weight reduces
0.01g/cm3, soil hardness reduce 0.11kg/cm2；The cultivation of-straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode is ploughed using turning over-exempting from 4 annual periods to take turns
Training, soil cultivation layer depth increases 4.0cm, transition region thickness increases 2.1cm, plough sole thickness reduces 6.2cm, the soil weight increases
Add 0.03g/cm3, soil hardness increase 0.08kg/cm2；- straw incorporation-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode is ploughed using turning over-exempting from 5 annual periods to take turns
Cultivation, soil cultivation layer depth increases 2.1cm, transition region thickness increases 1.6cm, plough sole thickness reduces 3.8cm, the soil weight
Increase 0.08g/cm3, soil hardness increase 0.27kg/cm2.Illustrate that arable layer gradually becomes shallower as with the increase for ploughing the period is taken turns, ploughs
Bottom gradually thickens, and the soil weight and soil hardness also increased, and thus illustrates, ploughs-rice to use to turn over-exempt from 3 annual periods to take turns
Careless returning to the field-wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation can preferably improve soil pool capacity, achieve the purpose that the reasonable soil plough horizon of building.
The soil weight and hardness (town Li- ling city Si Fen, 2016) of the different cultivation modes of table 8
| Processing | Bulk density | Hardness |
| (g/cm3) | (kg/cm2) | |
| Mode one | 1.12 | 1.34 |
| Mode two | 1.16 | 1.53 |
| Mode three | 1.21 | 1.72 |
| Mode four | 1.13 | 1.45 |
Claims (6)
1. a kind of three library of paddy fields in south china cooperates with high-yield cultivating method, which is characterized in that it is directed to the ripe area rice field of double cropping of rice three, it is specific to walk
It is rapid as follows:
In the double cropping of rice region for having Green manuring, a, period 1 are using straw of deep ploughing before winter zero tillage green manure-early rice rice transplanting
Stalk turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation；
B, second round to period 3 or second round to period 4 or second round to period 5 are no-tillage using winter
Rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field before green manuring-early rice rice transplanting
Mode cultivation；
If after the period 3, be measured to topsoil soils index, when soil plough horizon depth be maintained at 14cm to 22cm it
Between；Plough sole thickness is maintained at 8cm between 16cm；Soil organic matter storage capacity content is not less than 22500kg/hm2；Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen library
Hold content and is not less than 270kg/hm2；Available phosphorus storage capacity content is not less than 11kg/hm2；Available potassium storage capacity content is not less than 60kg/
hm2, then continue the period 4, if the period 4 is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned topsoil soils index, selecting three periods is one
A circulation then continues the period 5 if after the period 4, topsoil soils can reach These parameters, if the 5th week
Phase is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned topsoil soils index, then selects four periods to recycle for one, if the period 5 remains to reach above-mentioned finger
Mark, the then end for selecting the period 5 to recycle for one；
C, step a, b is repeated, an above-mentioned period is three crop season, growth times anniversary；
Idle double cropping of rice region in winter, a, period 1 are turned over using rotary tillage straw before free time in winter deep ploughing-early rice rice transplanting
Returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode cultivation；
B, second round to period 3 or second round to period 4 or second round to period 5 are idle using winter
Rotary tillage straw turns over returning to the field-late rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field-rice growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field mode before no-tillage-early rice rice transplanting
Cultivation；
If after the period 3, be measured to topsoil soils index, when soil plough horizon depth be maintained at 14cm to 22cm it
Between；Plough sole thickness is maintained at 8cm between 16cm；Soil organic matter storage capacity content is not less than 22500kg/hm2；Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen library
Hold content and is not less than 270kg/hm2；Available phosphorus storage capacity content is not less than 11kg/hm2；Available potassium storage capacity content is not less than 60kg/
hm2, then continue the period 4, if the period 4 is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned topsoil soils index, selecting three periods is one
A circulation then continues the period 5 if after the period 4, topsoil soils can reach These parameters, if the 5th week
Phase is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned topsoil soils index, then selects four periods to recycle for one, if the period 5 remains to reach above-mentioned finger
Mark, the then end for selecting the period 5 to recycle for one；
C, step a, b is repeated, an above-mentioned period is the winter slack free time to double cropping of rice anniversary growth time.
2. three library of paddy fields in south china according to claim 1 cooperates with high-yield cultivating method, which is characterized in that step a, in b, the winter
Season zero tillage green manure specifically comprises the following steps that green manure selects single Chinese milk vetch or single fertilizer rape or Chinese milk vetch and fertilizer to use
Rape mixed planting, when single Chinese milk vetch, Chinese milk vetch selects No. 1 purple Hunan, Hunan purple 2, Hunan purple 3, Hunan purple 4, Hunan fertilizer 3
Or Yujiang County's large leaf, after mid-October or the harvesting of last ten-days period late rice, Chinese milk vetch presses 22.5~30.0kg/hm of sowing quantity2It is no-tillage to broadcast
Kind, mid-April next year or the last ten-days period turn over returning to the field in conjunction with early rice deep ploughing or rotary tillage, the amount of turning over is 2.25 in Chinese milk vetch full-bloom stage
~3.0 ten thousand kg/hm2；When single fertilizer rape, fertilizer rape selects oil fertilizer 1 or oil fertilizer 2, and 10 below the moon after late rice harvesting
Ten days to early November, fertilizer press 9.0~15.0kg/hm of sowing quantity with rape2No-tillage seeding, early April next year are contained in fertilizer with rape
When the florescence, returning to the field is turned in conjunction with early rice deep ploughing or rotary tillage, the amount of turning over is 3.0~3.5 ten thousand kg/hm2；Chinese milk vetch and fertilizer are mixed with rape
When closing plantation, Chinese milk vetch and the fertilizer above-mentioned kind of rape selection, after mid-October or the harvesting of last ten-days period late rice, by Chinese milk vetch sowing quantity
11.25~15.00kg/hm2, fertilizer use 4.5~7.5kg/hm of rape sowing quantity2No-tillage mixed seeding, mid-April next year or the last ten-days period,
Early rice deep ploughing or rotary tillage turn over returning to the field, and the amount of turning over is 2.5~3.0 ten thousand kg/hm2。
3. three library of paddy fields in south china according to claim 1 cooperates with high-yield cultivating method, which is characterized in that idle in winter
In the step a of double cropping of rice ecological region planting, the deep ploughing of free time in winter is after late rice harvest, using rice field idle season, in 10 months
Ten days to late November carries out ploughing deeply non watered ploughing and sun the earth which has been ploughed up using the tractor with pivot plow to paddy soil.
4. three library of paddy fields in south china according to claim 1 cooperates with high-yield cultivating method, which is characterized in that early step a, in b
Deep ploughing or rotary tillage straw turn over returning to the field specific step is as follows before rice rice transplanting, and 5~20 days before early rice rice transplanting, rice field is poured water, and utilize
Tractor or rotary cultivator with pivot plow carry out deep ploughing or rotary tillage to rice field, while winter kind green manure stalk completely or partially being turned over
It is pressed onto soil, when early rice crops for rotation are connected anxiety, spreads fertilizer over the fields 75~150kg/hm2Alkaline fast saprophage bacterial manure；Deep ploughing is average deep
Degree is 20 ± 1.5cm, and rotary tillage mean depth is 12 ± 1.5cm.
5. three library of paddy fields in south china according to claim 1 cooperates with high-yield cultivating method, which is characterized in that step a, in b, evening
Specific step is as follows for rice no-tillage with stubble retention returning to the field, drains water in field after early rice harvest, early total straw mulching and returning, with efficiently removing
Careless no-tillage 3~3.75kg/hm of soil conditioner2It is watered 750kg/hm2, in the afternoon 5 when after it is spraying, pour water flood after r for 24 hours
Rice stubble plays paste to surface soil, after topsoil soils melt work, free-plowing and throwing rice seedling late rice.
6. three library of paddy fields in south china according to claim 1 cooperates with high-yield cultivating method, which is characterized in that step a, in b, water
Specific step is as follows for rice Growing season wetting irrigation for paddy field, is planted using thin water throwing, and throwing plants to after throwing 5d and keeps 1~2cm water layer, after the root and stem of certain plants of living extremely
It is irrigated before heading using the water-saving mode of alternation of wetting and drying, heading stage keeps 3~5cm water layer, and booting to maturity period uses alternation of wetting and drying
It irrigates, 7d cuts off the water supply to before harvesting, and during Dry-wet alternate irrigation, water capacity maintains 60% or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710219598.7A CN106912340B (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2017-04-06 | A kind of three library of paddy fields in south china collaboration high-yield cultivating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710219598.7A CN106912340B (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2017-04-06 | A kind of three library of paddy fields in south china collaboration high-yield cultivating method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106912340A CN106912340A (en) | 2017-07-04 |
| CN106912340B true CN106912340B (en) | 2019-12-03 |
Family
ID=59567051
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710219598.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106912340B (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2017-04-06 | A kind of three library of paddy fields in south china collaboration high-yield cultivating method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106912340B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108513879A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-09-11 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of double cropping of rice method for increasing |
| CN109618841A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-16 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of method of the full topsoil fertilizing of double-ridged horn |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103460952A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-25 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Method of performing mixed sowing of astragalus sinicus and oilseed rape and returning green manures to field |
| CN103766184A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-07 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Triple-cropping cultivation method for double cropping paddy field |
| CN103858720A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 长沙环境保护职业技术学院 | Double cropping rice nitrogen-saving high-yield production method |
| CN104145618A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-11-19 | 中国农业大学 | Method for increasing yield of double cropping rice by turnover and fertilizer saving of Astragalus sinicus L. and straw in rice field |
-
2017
- 2017-04-06 CN CN201710219598.7A patent/CN106912340B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103460952A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-25 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Method of performing mixed sowing of astragalus sinicus and oilseed rape and returning green manures to field |
| CN103766184A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-07 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Triple-cropping cultivation method for double cropping paddy field |
| CN103858720A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 长沙环境保护职业技术学院 | Double cropping rice nitrogen-saving high-yield production method |
| CN104145618A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-11-19 | 中国农业大学 | Method for increasing yield of double cropping rice by turnover and fertilizer saving of Astragalus sinicus L. and straw in rice field |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106912340A (en) | 2017-07-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU2020100519A4 (en) | Method for high rice yield by deep plowing and comprehensive soil nutrient management in south china | |
| Zhang et al. | Conserving groundwater for irrigation in the North China Plain | |
| CN103975811B (en) | A kind of Oryza sativa L. irrigation by infiltration cultural method | |
| CN105191654A (en) | Intercropping cultivation method of corn and rice beans | |
| CN109601282B (en) | High-yield facility winter-spring stubble tomato drip irrigation fertilizer and water integrated control and management method | |
| CN104255104B (en) | Powder ridge, the grassland polywater rich grass methods of cultivation | |
| CN102138398A (en) | High-yield sunflower culturing technology based on drip irrigation | |
| Thind et al. | Response of cotton to various levels of nitrogen and water applied to normal and paired sown cotton under drip irrigation in relation to check-basin | |
| CN102986432A (en) | Method for sowing and planting alfalfa in sandy field | |
| CN105145133B (en) | The Upper-middle Reaches of Yangtze River autumn delays eggplant cultivation method | |
| CN106688542A (en) | Fertilizing and simplified planting method based on rape-rice-rice triple cropping system | |
| CN101233805B (en) | Rosana western wheatgrass seeds production process | |
| CN106912340B (en) | A kind of three library of paddy fields in south china collaboration high-yield cultivating method | |
| CN109511478B (en) | Bupleurum root black whole-film micro-furrow hole sowing planting method | |
| CN107258267A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of plastic tent cucumber | |
| CN110115209A (en) | The cultural method in wheat and corn anniversary " double to minimal till " | |
| CN102461409A (en) | High-yield high-quality high-efficiency nitrogen fixation technology used for realizing crop rotation of winter soybean after rice | |
| CN107926191B (en) | Cultivation method for combining protective farming with application of stem quick-decomposing inoculant | |
| CN109699424A (en) | A kind of cultural method that checkerberry fertilizer crop cold resistance in Beijing-tianjin-hebei Region is overwintering | |
| CN105794484A (en) | No-tillage planting method of tomato in northern Suzhou intertidal zone saline-alkali soil | |
| CN105766346A (en) | Winter rape and sequential cropping seed melon planting method applicable to frigid and arid regions | |
| CN105875164A (en) | Method for no-tillage watermelon cultivation in Northern Jiangsu intertidal zone saline-alkali soil | |
| Zhang et al. | Effect of plastic mulch and winter catch crop on water availability and vegetable yield in a rain-fed vegetable cropping system at mid-Yunnan plateau, China | |
| CN110476739A (en) | A kind of method of suitable Hainan plantation capsicum | |
| Dong et al. | Growth characteristics and yield of late-season rice under no-tillage and non-flooded cultivation with straw mulching |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20191203 |