CN106831233B - A kind of biological organic soil and preparation method thereof obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth - Google Patents

A kind of biological organic soil and preparation method thereof obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth Download PDF

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CN106831233B
CN106831233B CN201710001309.6A CN201710001309A CN106831233B CN 106831233 B CN106831233 B CN 106831233B CN 201710001309 A CN201710001309 A CN 201710001309A CN 106831233 B CN106831233 B CN 106831233B
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soil
biological organic
cfu
organic soil
compost
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CN106831233A (en
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杨建明
段营营
李正风
李树文
罗杰
易晓华
刘仁来
朱杰
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Qingdao Agricultural University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers

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  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of biological organic soil and preparation method thereof obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth.After the present invention is mixed by the compost product and foundation pit earth for generating pig manure and garden waste according to certain initial carbon-nitrogen ratio fermentation maturity, inoculates into the strain with lignocellulose degradation, obtain biological organic soil.The present invention weighs improved effect by measuring physical arrangement, chemical index, biological indicator of biological organic soil etc., the formation of urban construction roach crumb structure is promoted to a certain extent and improves original barren nutrient and microbial biomass in urban construction roach, a kind of practicable method is provided for the recycling of garden waste and urban construction roach, while proposing the concept of biological organic soil on the basis of native standard is transplanted in afforestation.

Description

A kind of biological organic soil and its preparation using the improvement foundation pit earth acquisition of compost product Method
Technical field
The invention belongs to urban construction roach and garden waste comprehensive utilization of resources field of engineering technology, and in particular to A kind of biological organic soil and preparation method thereof obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth.
Background technology
With the quickening of China's urban afforestation process, demand of the urban afforestation to soil is increasing, fetches earth meeting from farmland Agro-ecological Structure is destroyed, constitutes a threat to normal agricultural production, a large amount of city is generated in another aspect urban construction and is built If roach, itself nutrient content of these urban construction roach is low, and moisture holding capacity is low, arbitrarily topples over and can cause soil erosion, dirty Environment is contaminated, urban construction roach some is used to be backfilling into greenbelt, easily causes plant growth malnutritive, this is mainly city City's construction roach porosity is few, and the content of organic matter is low, meets the easily flooded stain of water, the easy dry and various nutriments of chance drought are deficient, cause Plant root growth is poor, and urban construction roach nutrition causes Soil Microorganism structure of community diversity while barren Low, various effective bacterium activity are low, and various greenbelts and ornamental plant residuum the like waste fall to behind ground and can not degrade for a long time.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of using compost product improvement foundation pit earth obtain biological organic soil and its Preparation method, the present invention mainly utilize pig manure and garden waste（Deadwood leaf）According to initial carbon-nitrogen ratio 25:1-30:1 mixing Afterwards, it adjusts water content to ferment to 60%-65%, be added in batches after the megathermal period a certain amount of with lignocellulose degradation Strain.It is mixed in a certain ratio according to composting production and urban construction roach after compost fermentation maturation, and is inoculated with the micro- life of function Object strain obtains biological organic soil.The biological organic soil organic matter content obtained is abundant, and nutrient is comprehensive, various micro- Secondary element is balanced, and unit weight is small, and water retention property is good, and porosity is big, and microbe colony is reasonable for structure, lignocellulose degradation ability By force, it has great significance for the formation of lasting maintenance soil organism high-content and promotion crumb structure soil.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of the biological organic soil obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth, institutes Preparation method is stated to include the following steps：
（1）The preparation of fermentation materials：By pig manure and garden waste according to C/N=25:1~30:1 be uniformly mixed fermented Material controls the water content of fermentation materials in 60%-65%, starts compost aerobic fermentation, keeps megathermal period fermentation in 11-14 days；
（2）It is inoculum fermented for the first time in progress in the 12-15 days of compost subsequently into cooldown period, it is flat to access yellow archespore hair Lead fungi, Trametes versicolor and green spore streptomycete；
（3）Second inoculum fermented, access Coriolus Versicolor, aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei are carried out within the 20-22 days in compost； It ferments to the 38-41 days of compost, obtains decomposed compost product；
（4）Biological organic soil processing：By the compost product and foundation pit earth according to weight ratio 0.4-0.5:1 ratio into Row is uniformly mixed, and sprays colloid bacillus cereus to mixed soil surface, the biological organic soil is obtained after mixing.
Further：Megathermal period temperature described in composting fermentation process is 55 DEG C -70 DEG C, and cooldown period temperature is 40 DEG C -50 ℃。
Further：The step（2）The density of middle strain is respectively：Green spore streptomycete is 0.8 × 1010CFU/1kg is wet Material -1.5 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks, Phanerochaete chrysosporium are 0.8 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks -1.5 × 1010 CFU/1kg wet stocks, Trametes versicolor are 0.8 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks -1.5 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks.
Further：The step（3）The density of middle strain is respectively：Coriolus Versicolor is 0.8 × 1010The wet objects of CFU/1kg Material -1.5 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks, aspergillus niger are 0.8 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks -1.5 × 1010CFU/1kg is wet Material, trichoderma reesei are 0.8 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks -1.5 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks.
Further：The step（4）The density of middle strain is：Colloid bacillus cereus 0.8 × 1010The wet samples of CFU/1kg Soil -1.2 × 1010The wet sample soil of CFU/1kg.
The present invention also provides the biological organic soil that the preparation method obtains.
Further：The biological organic soil weight is in 1.14-1.26m g/m3。
Further：The biological organic soil p H are 6.5-7.5.
Further：The biological organic soil organism is in >=30g/kg.
Further：The biological organic soil available phosphorus content reaches 10-50mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content reaches 100- 250mg/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen content reach 150-200mg/kg.
Compared with prior art, it advantages of the present invention and has the technical effect that：The original provided by the invention for making compost product Material derives from a wealth of sources, and composting process is easy to operate, easily manipulates, realizes agriculture and forestry organic waste material fast degradation, pig manure and agriculture and forestry organic waste material It ferments together, after especially fermenting with abundant garden wastes of lignocellulose-containings such as sawdusts, the part heavy metal in pig manure It can be passivated, the biological effectiveness of heavy metal reduces, while pig manure and garden waste mixed fermentation and single pig manure fermentation phase Reduce than nitrogen loss, is later biological organic soil using the composting production improvement urban construction roach of production, realizes city Build roach（Foundation pit earth）Turn waste into wealth.
The preparation process of biological organic soil of the present invention is divided into two steps, is compost fermentation first, includes the debugging of water content, The control of temperature, ventilation（Oxygen content）Control, cooldown period be inoculated with lignocellulose degrading bacteria；Secondly, decomposed composting production It is inoculated with urban construction roach and corresponding function microorganism fungus kind, is held by measuring biological organic soil according to a certain percentage Weight, biological organic soil porosity, biological organic Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils, biological organic soil conductivity, biological organic soil Earth organic matter, biological organic soil hydrolyzable nitrogen study whether biological organic soil reaches standard.The method and other soil Modification method compares the recycling for realizing garden waste and urban construction roach, while being vaccinated with wooden with degrading The strain of cellulose, this is to lasting improvement soil texture, and the present invention is for improving soil organic matter content important in inhibiting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the comparing result of the biological organic soil and urban construction roach (foundation pit earth) content of organic matter；
Fig. 2 is the comparison of the biological organic soil and the nonactive gap of foundation pit earth, hollow billet gap and voidage of ventilating As a result；
Fig. 3 is the comparing result of the biological organic soil and foundation pit earth unit weight；
Fig. 4 is the biological organic soil and foundation pit earth cation exchange capacity (CEC)（CEC）Comparing result；
Fig. 5 is the comparing result of the biological organic soil and foundation pit earth soil conductivity；
Fig. 6 is hydrolyzable nitrogen content balance result in the biological organic soil and foundation pit earth；
Fig. 7 is microorganism total amount and superior microorganism coenocorrelation result in the biological organic soil and foundation pit earth；
Fig. 8 is the comparison knot of bracketplant bracketplant chlorophyll content under the biological organic soil and foundation pit earth planting conditions Fruit.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The present invention includes following using the preparation method that compost product improvement urban construction roach is biological organic soil Step：
1, the preparation of compost product
（1）By garden waste（Deadwood leaf）Be ground into grain size 0.1-5mm sizes material, it is new by measuring respectively Nitrogen content, the phosphorus content of fresh pig dung and deadwood number leaf, according to C/N=25:1 is uniformly mixed so as to obtain fermentation materials, contains later according in fermentation Water is set, and so that the water content of fermentation materials is maintained at 65% or so after moisturizing, is proceeded by compost fermentation, while every six days turn over Heap is primary, and guarantee compost is aerobic fermentation, and temperature analysis is carried out to compost fermentation, and the megathermal period kept for 14 days ferments, the 14th day Slowly enter cooldown period from the megathermal period.
（2）Into cooldown period, the strong strain of lignocellulose degradation ability, the strain of addition is added within the 15th day in compost For：Phanerochaete chrysosporium（Purchase is numbered from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center：40299）, Trametes versicolor （Purchase is numbered from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center：50001）, green spore streptomycete（Purchase is common micro- from China Biological inoculum preservation administrative center, number：4.1770）, the density of strain is respectively：Green spore streptomycete（1×1010CFU）/1kg Wet stock, Phanerochaete chrysosporium（1×1010CFU）/ 1kg wet stocks, Trametes versicolor（1×1010CFU）/ 1kg wet stocks, It carries out plus bacterium is fermented.
（3）In the bacterium that connect for the second time for the 22nd day of compost, Coriolus Versicolor is accessed（It buys from Chinese agriculture microorganism fungus kind Preservation administrative center, number：50435）, aspergillus niger（Purchase is numbered from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center： 2109）And trichoderma reesei（Purchase is numbered from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center：41494）, according to Coriolus Versicolor （1×1010CFU）/ 1kg wet stocks, aspergillus niger（1×1010CFU）/ 1kg wet stocks, trichoderma reesei（1×1010CFU）/1kg Wet stock carries out inoculum fermented.The 38th day to ferment to compost, heap temperature drops to environment temperature, and compost is substantially decomposed.
Regular turning or aeration are passed through oxygen in compost fermentation, are passed through amount of oxygen not significantly reduce heap temperature simultaneously Compost can be allowed to be advisable according to aerobic fermentation again.
2, compost product and urban construction roach（Foundation pit earth）Mixing and microorganism inoculation
Foundation pit earth is mainly the underground soil for taking out in Process of Urban Development or in architecture construction, these undergrounds It is native on the one hand less by artificially interfering, on the other hand due to these soil property surface layer vegetation sparses or these native deeper, plants Root system is generally difficult to reach, and less with root system of plant effect, so its feature is mainly that nutrition is barren, retain water and nutrients performance is poor, Soil property is fine and close, meets water and is easy to run off.
According to weight ratio it is 3 by the compost product of above-mentioned acquisition and above-mentioned foundation pit earth:7 mixed after soil property surface spray Colloid bacillus cereus liquid is spilt, inoculum concentration is colloid bacillus cereus（Purchase is numbered from Guangdong Province's Culture Collection, GIM： GIM1.16）（1×1010CFU）The wet sample soil of/1kg, obtains biological organic soil of the present invention after being mixed directly.
3, the biological organic soil of the invention obtained and original foundation pit earth are compared, experimental result is as follows
Fig. 1 shows the content of organic matter of foundation pit earth and biological organic soil, the biological organic soil organism after improvement Content reaches 31.2g/kg, and the content of organic matter relative to 13.2 g/kg of foundation pit earth has larger improvement.
Fig. 2 shows foundation pit earth and the gap distribution situation of biological organic soil, and nonactive hole is more in foundation pit earth, reaches To 11%, nonactive hole is unfavorable to the growth of plant, and root system of plant can not permeate into obtain nutrient.And biology has For the nonactive hole of machine soil 4%, capillary interstice is more, reaches 39%, this is conducive to soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping and plant absorption Nutrient, while gap of ventilating reaches 12%, this is conducive to the breathing of root system of plant.
Fig. 3 shows foundation pit earth and biological organic soil weight situation, and the small soil of unit weight, the soil is porous, is conducive to root system Stretching, extension, while the biological organic soil weight is conducive to plant growth and fixes 0.73 or so.
Fig. 4 shows foundation pit earth and biological organic soil CEC, and the biological organic soil CEC of improvement reaches 15.6cmol/ Kg is stronger compared to foundation pit earth fertilizer-preserving ability.
Fig. 5 shows the comparison of foundation pit earth and biological organic soil conductivity, and suitable soil conductivity can be kept The activity of microorganism, foundation pit earth one side nutrition is barren, and another aspect soil conductivity is not suitable for microbial activities, for biology Organic soil, since microbe species are more, structure of community is complicated, while soil conductivity is in 0.9mScm-1Left and right, Ke Yiwei Hold edaphon greater activity.
Fig. 6 shows foundation pit earth and the water-disintegrable nitrogen content of biological organic soil, and nitrogen is a great number of elements of plant growth, The fertility of soil is reflected to a certain extent, and the water-disintegrable nitrogen content of biological organic soil can fully expire in 189mg/kg or so The nitrogen nutrition demand of sufficient plant growth.
Fig. 7 shows foundation pit earth and biological organic edaphon species diversity（It is total with biological organic Soil Microorganism Amount is unit one）, total microbes biomass is less in foundation pit earth, and type is few, mainly some indigenous type microorganisms.And it is biological Organic soil is typical bacteria type soil, amonifying bacteria account for microorganism total amount 56% or so, while being inoculated with before various points The microbe species of solution cellulose and lignin all have certain abundance, in addition to indigenous microorganism, one in biological organic soil A little fermentative microorganism types are also very abundant, and structure of community is reasonable.It is horizontal high that biological organic soil nutrient can be reflected.
Fig. 8 shows bracketplant and is planted in two kinds of soil respectively, after bimestrial growth, divides in each cultivating soil Not Chou Qu same area measuring blade its chlorophyll content, the bracketplant transplanted in foundation pit earth is integrally more thin and weak, and leaf color is shallower, and It is that leaf color is dark green to plant the bracketplant physiological performance in biological organic soil, and Chlorophyll-a Content is in 0.25 mg/gFW, chlorophyll For b contents in 1.11mg/gFW, chlorophyll total amount is 1.36mg/gFW.
The determination experiment of embodiment 2, compost product, biological organic soil and the various index parameters of bracketplant
One, the performance for the biological organic soil that the present invention is obtained using the test of potted plant pilot production.
It selects the almost the same bracketplant seedling of upgrowth situation and carries out potting, the soil sample dress basin of compost product and foundation pit earth mixing Afterwards, it is colloid bacillus cereus 10 according to inoculum concentration6The amount of the wet sample soil of cfu/g is during basin bowl-entering soil table sprinkling bacterium solution, plant growth Keep soil moisture content 30% or so.
The measurement of the biological organic soil weight
After potted plant experiment starts 10 days, basin bowl-entering soil matter forms nature and builds knot state, starts to measure the soil weight.Assay method For the measurement core cutter method of 1215 soil weight of LY/T.
The measurement of biological organic soil porosity
After potted plant experiment starts 10 days, basin bowl-entering soil matter forms nature and builds knot state, starts to measure soil porosity.Measurement side Method is the measurement core cutter method of 1215 soil porosities of LY/T.
Biological organic Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils（CEC）Measurement
Assay method is the measurement of 1243 forest soil cation exchange capacity (CEC)s of LY/T, ammonium acetate exchange process.
The measurement of biological organic soil conductivity
Assay method is the measurement of 1251 forest soil conductivity of LY/T, conductance method（Water and soil mass ratio 5:1）.
The measurement of the biological organic soil organism
Assay method is the measurement of 1237 forest soil organic matters of LY/T, potassium dichromate oxidation-Outside Heating Method.
The measurement of biological organic soil hydrolyzable nitrogen
Assay method is the measurement of 1229 forest soil hydrolyzable nitrogens of LY/T, alkaline hydrolysis-diffusion method.
Biological organic soil total biomass and biocenological measurement
Pot experiment measures after starting 30 days.Assay method is high-flux sequence method.
The measurement of biological organic soil potted plant chlorophyll content
Potted plant experiment measures after starting 60 days.0.5g materials are weighed, the filament that width is 1 mm is cut into；Above-mentioned material is put into In 10 mL tool plug test tubes, directly with dark place soak extraction one week or so at 4 DEG C of 10 mL80% acetone, until blade is colourless or white Color, then measure chlorophyll solution 663 nm, 645 nm absorbance.
It calculates：Ca (mg/L)=12.71A663-2.59A645；Cb (mg/L)=22.88A645-4.67A663 CT=Ca+ Cb。
Two, pass through analysis result：It is as follows using the criterion that compost product improvement foundation pit earth is biological organic soil：
2.1 composting fermented materials match：The result shows that designing the carbon-nitrogen ratio 25-30 of pig manure and garden waste when compost:1 It is advisable, carbon-nitrogen ratio is too low, causes the loss of nitrogen serious, and when carbon-nitrogen ratio is excessively high, compost fermentation is slow, and heap temperature is low.According to micro- life Object needs to assimilate 1 part of nitrogen when assimilating 5 parts of carbon to constitute own cells body, because microorganism itself carbon-nitrogen ratio is 5:1, assimilate simultaneously （It is absorbed and utilized）It needs to consume 4 parts of organic carbons when 1 part of carbon to obtain energy, so microorganism needs to consume profit when absorbing 1 part of nitrogen With 25 parts of organic carbons.
Compost fermentation temperature：The composting fermentation process high temperature phase continues, and helps to kill roundworm egg and various cause of diseases are micro- Biology, it is catathermal that hardly degraded organic substance in compost is persistently contributed to further to degrade, promote compost maturity, wherein the present invention Megathermal period is advisable with 55 DEG C -70 DEG C, and the temperature more than 70 DEG C can all cause harmful effect for nutrition in compost and microorganism, this The cooldown period of invention is advisable with 40 DEG C -50 DEG C, and suitable temperature is provided for the fungi of lignocellulose degradation.
The biological organic soil weight：Unit weight reflects the density of soil, is the consolidated statement of the soil texture and soil porosity Existing, sandy soil gap is coarse, and total pore space amount is few, and unit weight is big, and clay gap is small, and total pore space amount is more, and unit weight is small, the soil of crumb structure Unit weight than hardened soil is small, and the excessive soil porosity that can react to a certain extent of unit weight is small, be unfavorable for root system of plant it is interspersed and Breathing, the too small then soil of unit weight is excessively loose, is unfavorable for root system of plant and fixes, so the unit weight of biological organic soil of the present invention exists 1.14-1.26m g/m3Optimum plant growth.
Biological organic soil porosity：Soil particle in good soil（Solid phase）, soil moisture（Liquid phase）, soil air （Gas phase）Ratio is 4 for plant and microorganism:3:3, liquid and gas all indicate the content of soil void, what liquid phase indicated It is to maintain the areolate content of capillary moisture, and it is with promoting the big of air circulation and drainage that gas phase, which indicates, The amount of hole, so when the noncapillary poropsity 12%-16% of biological organic soil of the present invention, capillary porosity is in 40%- Optimum plant growth when 50%.
Biological organic Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils：The size of CEC, represent soil can retainable nutrient quantity, that is, protect The height of fertilizer.The size of cation exchange capacity (CEC) can be used as the index of evaluation soil fertilizer ability.Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is soil The main source of cushion performance is the important evidence for improveing soil and the rational application of fertilizer, when cation exchange capacity (CEC) is high, soil fertilizer Ability is strong, while can play cushioning effect to the chemical fertilizer of high concentration, and plant is avoided to be burnt.Biological organic soil of the present invention The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of earth is >=15cmol (+)/kg.
Biological organic soil p H：PH is limitation geobiont and chemically active threshold value, the activity of microorganism, nutrients The absorption of matter is carried out at certain p H, and peracid or excessively alkali can all plant edaphon vital movement and plant The root system nutrition absorption of object has an immense impact on, and wherein neutral soil is suitble to the growth of most plants, so institute of the present invention The p H for stating biological organic soil are advisable with 6.5-7.5.
Biological organic soil conductivity：Conductivity is to limit the threshold value of plant and microbial activity, biology of the present invention The conductivity range of organic soil is：0.1-1.20mS.cm-1。
The biological organic soil organism：The humus that organic matter generates during being decomposed by the microorganisms promotes soil group There is big and small hole in soil, improves the aeration of soil, arranged with gap when soil moisture is excessive in granulated formation The small gap walked, while generated has water-retaining property.After organic matter improves simultaneously, using organic matter as the type of the geobiont of bait It is all significantly increased with quantity, biology becomes diversification, is degraded to humus to more organic matters, promotes that soil is benign to follow Ring, so the soil with organic matter of biological organic soil of the present invention is high-quality soil in >=30g/kg.
Biological organic soil available phosphorus：Available phosphorus in soil is the phosphorus component that can be absorbed by plants in soil, including complete Portion's water-soluble phosphorus, partial adsorbates state phosphorus and organic phosphorus, soil available phosphorus are the indexs of soil phosphorus nutrient supply level height, Soil phosphorus content height is in storage and the deliverability for reflecting Phosphorus in Soil to a certain degree, biological organic of the present invention When the available phosphorus content of soil reaches 10-50mg/kg, reach high-quality soil standard.
Biological organic soil available nitrogen：The potassium being easily absorbed and used by plants, including exchangeable potassium and water-soluble potassium, the present invention It is high-quality soil that the quick-acting potassium content of the biological organic soil, which reaches 100-250mg/kg,.
Biological organic soil hydrolyzable nitrogen：Also referred to as soil validity nitrogen, it is ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, amino acid, amide It is effective component part of soil nitrogen with the summation of the proteinic nitrogen of facile hydrolysis, can preferably reflects soil nitrogen at no distant date Supply situation occupies an important position on weighing soil nitrogen level of supply, the hydrolysis of biological organic soil of the present invention Property nitrogen content be high-quality soil when reaching 150-200mg/kg.
Chad content：Chad in soil can influence the activity of edaphon and the interspersed growth of root system of plant.When this Invent the biological organic soil chad grain size >=30mm account for it is relatively good when total soil quality score≤5%.
The various content of beary metal of biological organic soil are as shown in table 1：
The standard that 1 various content of beary metal of table should reach is（mg/kg）：
P H values Total cadmium≤ Total mercury≤ Total lead≤ Total chromium≤ Total arsenic≤ Total nickel≤ Total zinc≤ Total copper≤
＜ 6.5 0.4 0.4 200 150 35 50 250 150
≥6.5 0.6 1.0 300 200 60 80 300 200
2.14 biological organic soil seed germination indexes：Soil seed germination index is that have unrestraint in soil to measure The substance of plant growth exists, and when the seed germination index of biological organic soil of the present invention is more than 80%, indicates nothing in soil The substance of plant growth is inhibited to exist.
Biological organic edaphon total amount：Geobiont is that have vital major part in soil, wherein big absolutely Part is microorganism, and the biomass of microorganism represents participation regulation and control soil energy and Nutrient Cycling and organic substance is converted into The quantity of corresponding microorganism, closely related with the content of organic matter, Soil Microorganism produces various amino by growth Acid, vitamin, enzyme etc. have nutritious substance to plant, while stickum, excreta, remains etc. that microorganism generates become The binder of soil particle, wherein fungi promote the pellet of soil, while Soil Microorganism is to the plant that is manured into soil The decomposition of residuum and the soil organism and other hazardous compounds, the forming process adjusting of biochemical cycles and soil texture Effect, microbial total weight accounts for 0.1 ‰ of soil weight or so, and microbial total weight accounts for organic matter weight 1% or so.
Biological organic soil microbial community：Soil Microorganism composition is complicated, and wherein most belongs to active but not Can cultivation type, the soil bacteria of 99.5%-99.9% or so can not be detached in use for laboratory culture medium, edaphon it is more Reflect to sample performance sensitive that the quality of soil quality, stable microbiologic population composition and bio-diversity are the soil of high quality " bacteria type " is presented in the necessary factor that earth should have, good soil, i.e., the soil with relatively low fungi and Bacteria percentage is more Health.Bacterium accounts for 80% or so of quantities of soil microbe amount in rich soil, and colony density is 2 × 106A/g soil is big absolutely Majority is heterotroph, and amonifying bacteria accounts for 70% of bacteria total amount or so, and colony density is 1.5 × 106A/g soil is other thin Strain class is mainly nitrobacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria etc., wherein color bacillus, bacillus, mycobacteria, mould, aspergillus It is indigenous mircoflora with mould wait of clump, some zymogenous microfloras are changed more sensitivity by the soil organism, such as without bud Spore bacillus, strepto- category, head mold, aspergillus, trichoderma, reaping hook are mould etc..The bacterium of harmful type is due to by fungi dominant bacteria such as wood The antagonism of mould category and content is relatively low；Occupy the second major class of edaphon is actinomycetes, accounts for quantities of soil microbe amount 6%~15% or so, dominant bacteria is mainly some kinds of streptomycete, and fungi is for density, and fungi density exists in general soil 104~105, since its mycelium is wide, the total biomass of fungi is few unlike actinomyces, and type is mainly algal fungi, sac fungus, Basidiomycetes and some Fungi Imperfectis, Fungi Imperfecti quantity in fungi is most, other kinds of microorganism such as some algae and primary Animal occupies less.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than is limited；Although with reference to aforementioned reality Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those of ordinary skill in the art, still can be to aforementioned implementation Technical solution recorded in example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these are changed or replace It changes, the spirit and scope for claimed technical solution of the invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of the biological organic soil obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth, which is characterized in that described Preparation method includes the following steps：
（1）The preparation of fermentation materials：By pig manure and garden waste according to C/N=25:1~30:1 be uniformly mixed obtain fermentate Material controls the water content of fermentation materials in 60%-65%, starts compost aerobic fermentation, keeps megathermal period fermentation in 11-14 days, institute It is 55 DEG C -70 DEG C to state megathermal period temperature；
（2）Subsequently into cooldown period, cooldown period temperature is 40 DEG C -50 DEG C, is sent out in the bacterium that carries out for the 12-15 days connecing for the first time of compost Ferment, access Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor and green spore streptomycete；The density of strain is respectively：Green spore streptomycete is 0.8 ×1010CFU/1kg wet stocks -1.5 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks, Phanerochaete chrysosporium are 0.8 × 1010 CFU /1kg Wet stock -1.5 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks, Trametes versicolor are 0.8 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks -1.5 × 1010CFU/ 1kg wet stocks；
（3）Second inoculum fermented, access Coriolus Versicolor, aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei are carried out within the 20-22 days in compost；Fermentation To the 38-41 days of compost, decomposed compost product is obtained；
（4）Biological organic soil processing：By the compost product and foundation pit earth according to weight ratio 0.4-0.5:1 ratio is mixed It closes uniformly, sprays colloid bacillus cereus to mixed soil surface, the biological organic soil is obtained after mixing.
2. the preparation method of the biological organic soil according to claim 1 obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth, It is characterized in that：The step（3）The density of middle strain is respectively：Coriolus Versicolor is 0.8 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks -1.5 ×1010CFU/1kg wet stocks, aspergillus niger are 0.8 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks -1.5 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks, it is inner Family name's trichoderma is 0.8 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks -1.5 × 1010CFU/1kg wet stocks.
3. the preparation method of the biological organic soil according to claim 1 obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth, It is characterized in that：The step（4）The density of middle strain is：Colloid bacillus cereus 0.8 × 1010The wet samples of CFU/1kg native -1.2 × 1010The wet sample soil of CFU/1kg.
4. the biological organic soil that claim 1-3 any one of them preparation methods obtain, it is characterised in that：The biology has The machine soil weight is in 1.14-1.26m g/m3, p H are 6.5-7.5, and organic matter reaches 10- in >=30g/kg, available phosphorus content 50mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content reach 100-250mg/kg, and hydrolyzable nitrogen content reaches 150-200mg/kg.
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