CN108191565A - For improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil and its application - Google Patents
For improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108191565A CN108191565A CN201810004814.0A CN201810004814A CN108191565A CN 108191565 A CN108191565 A CN 108191565A CN 201810004814 A CN201810004814 A CN 201810004814A CN 108191565 A CN108191565 A CN 108191565A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The problem of for deteriorating due to tobacco-growing soil, improves tobacco-growing soil so as to improve the method for tobacco-growing soil quality the present invention provides the compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil and using compost product.The present invention mixes cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure and garden waste (dry branches and fallen leaves crushed material) according to certain initial carbon-nitrogen ratio, then the humus Jing Guo the decomposed formation of compost fermentation is mixed with tobacco-growing soil, and strain of the inoculation with lignocellulose degradation and tobacco root secretion ability in composting process, improve tobacco-growing soil, so as to improve tobacco-growing soil quality, and then improve tobacco production.Compared with other soil improvement methods, the application not only realizes the recycling of garden waste and feces of livestock and poultry, while improves tobacco-growing soil, to realizing the increase important in inhibiting of tobacco production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture fields, and in particular to the improvement of Tobacco more particularly to a kind of utilization compost product change
Good tobacco-growing soil is so as to improve the method for tobacco-growing soil quality.
Background technology
Tobacco is important industrial crops, has huge supporting role to Chinese national economy.Continuous cropping in tobacco leaf production
Phenomenon generally existing, and continuous cropping causes the depletion of tobacco-growing soil nutrient, enrichment uneven, causes the unbalance deterioration of soil nutrient, and then
Influence absorption of the tobacco to soil nutrient.In addition, the tobacco transpiration rate of continuous cropping reduces, photosynthesis weakens, Potassium Quantity in Plant
It reduces, harmful effect is generated to tobacco growing.More seriously, continuous cropping can not only inhibit tobacco growing, and lead to quality
Deterioration, pest and disease damage aggravation, yield decline, larger with qualitative effects to tobacco production.
At present, for the continuous deterioration of tobacco-growing soil, people improve soil frequently with following methods.1st, using having
Machine fertilizer.Organic fertilizer can improve tobacco-growing soil and improve quality of tobacco, improve vega soil fertility, increase soil permeability, reduce
Soil gross weight promotes the development of cigarette strain root system, improves the vigor of root system；Cigarette strain is promoted to absorb more nutrients, strengthens cigarette strain body
Interior physiological metabolism improves the disease resistance of tobacco, so as to be conducive to the high and stable yields of tobacco.But organic fertilizer is given birth in tobacco
The application of production above can cause the eutrophication in soil later stage, and the quality of tobacco leaf can be had a huge impact.2nd, implement crop rotation
Planning.Crop rotation can improve tobacco-growing soil environment, adequately and reasonably using resources such as space, light, heat, water and fertilizer, restore soil fertility,
Realize the sustainable development of leaf tobacco production.However, China does not make rotation of crops for flue-cured tobacco come reasonable arrangement at present, make soil
In be conducive to quality of tobacco nutrient it is deficient, reduce the quality of tobacco leaf.3rd, using soil conditioner.Soil can be improved
Physics fertility improves soil fertilizer, nutrient preserving capability, water-retaining property, reduces the soil weight, increases porosity, improve soil water storage and protect
Outlet capacity inhibits soil erosion.But to the cigarette of chronic administration chemical fertilizer, it can be reduced using soil conditioner micro- in soil
Biomass.4th, apply microbial manure.Cigarette strain rhizospheric environment can be improved, enhance root activity, hence it is evident that tabacco fragrance is improved,
But the application of microbial manure causes the soil weight to increase, soil tilth is deteriorated, and soil organic matter content reduces.
Application for a patent for invention 201710001309.6 provides a kind of " biology obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth
Organic soil and preparation method thereof ".The invention is rotten by the way that pig manure and garden waste are fermented according to certain initial carbon-nitrogen ratio
It after compost product and the foundation pit earth mixing of ripe generation, inoculates into the strain with lignocellulose degradation, obtaining biology has
Machine soil.The invention promotes the formation of urban construction roach crumb structure to a certain extent, and improves urban construction and give up
Original barren nutrient and microbial biomass, the recycling for garden waste and urban construction roach provide one kind in soil
Practicable method, while propose on the basis of native standard is transplanted in afforestation the concept of biological organic soil.However,
The process object of this application is only urban construction roach, the purpose is to improve in urban construction roach original barren nutrient and
Microbial biomass makes plant can be with normal growth.The improvement of tobacco-growing soil is then the yield and quality in order to improve tobacco, reduces cigarette
The root exudates content of grass, so as to fulfill the continuous cropping of tobacco.In addition, urban construction roach and tobacco-growing soil in physics and chemistry in nature
There are very big differences：(1) nutrition of urban construction roach is barren, and moisture holding capacity is low, and porosity is few, and the content of organic matter is low, meets
The easily flooded stain of water, it is easily dry to meet drought；(2) tobacco-growing soil to be improved has loose topsoil, good ventilation, suitable soil field
Water content, only because tobacco crop rotation causes the nutrition contents such as organic matter, available potassium and the available phosphorus in soil too low, cigarette
The accumulation of careless root exudates, so as to can not balanced soil to the nutrition supply of cigarette strain.
Invention content
The problem of deteriorating for current tobacco tobacco-growing soil, the present invention provides produced for improveing the compost of tobacco-growing soil
Object and the method using compost product improvement tobacco-growing soil and then promotion cigarette quality.According to certain after compost fermentation maturation
Ratio adds in compost product in tobacco-growing soil, and degradation root exudates strain is uniformly sprayed to tobacco-growing soil, makes soil
Reach tobacco can normal growth standard, so as to fulfill soil quality improve, improve tobacco production.
For improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, it is prepared by the following method to obtain：
(1) fermentation materials are prepared：By cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure respectively with garden waste according to C/N=20:1~30:1 is mixed
Conjunction uniformly obtains fermentation materials, controls the water content of fermentation materials in 50%-60%.If C/N than too low, can cause nitrogen
Loss is serious；And when C/N than it is excessively high when, then compost fermentation is slow, and heap temperature is low.In addition, the raw material sources used are easy to get extensively, into
This is cheap.
(2) aerobic composting fermentation：The water content that fermentation heap body is maintained in composting process is 50%-60% or so, and protect
Hold the megathermal period of 9-12 days；The temperature of the megathermal period is 50 DEG C -70 DEG C.Continuing for composting fermentation process high temperature phase, has
Help kill roundworm egg and various pathogenic microorganisms.Composting process is easy to operate, and it is quick to realize agricultural animal faeces wastes
Degradation.In addition, feces of livestock and poultry and garden waste, especially ferment with abundant garden wastes of lignocellulose-containings such as sawdusts
Afterwards, the part heavy metal in feces of livestock and poultry can be passivated, and the biological effectiveness of heavy metal reduces.Meanwhile with single animal dung
Just fermentation is compared, and cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure and garden waste mixed fermentation greatly reduce the loss of nitrogen.
(3) bacterium is once connect：It treats that heap body enters cooldown period (temperature is less than 50 DEG C), carries out once within the 13-15 days in compost
It is inoculum fermented, access Trametes versicolor (Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, number：50001)；The Trametes versicolor
Density be：Trametes versicolor (0.9 × 1010CFU-1.3×1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.It is catathermal persistently to contribute in compost
Hardly degraded organic substance is further degraded, and promotes compost maturity.
(4) it is secondary to connect bacterium：Secondary inoculum fermented, access bacillus amyloliquefaciens (China is carried out within the 25-30 days in compost
Agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, number：And bacillus licheniformis (Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection pipe 04304)
Reason center, number：19747)；The density of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (0.9 × 1010CFU-1.3
×1010CFU)/kg wet stocks, the density of the bacillus licheniformis are：Bacillus licheniformis (0.8 × 1010CFU-1.5×
1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.
(5) continue to ferment to the 45-50 days of compost, when heap temperature is down to environment temperature, and continuous 2 days temperature differences are not
During more than ± 2 DEG C, heap body is substantially decomposed, obtains the compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil.
For improveing the application of the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, it is applied to improvement tobacco-growing soil；Specific method is will
The compost product is mixed into tobacco-growing soil, sprays nicotianae (Chinese industrial microorganism fungus kind to mixed soil surface
Preservation administrative center, number：23710) (Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center is numbered with bacillus subtilis：
10732), mixing, the tobacco-growing soil improved.The dosage of the compost product is mixes 90-120kg in tobacco-growing soil per acre
Compost product.Wherein, the density of the nicotianae is：Nicotianae (0.6 × 1010CFU-1.0×1010CFU)/kg
Wet sample soil；The density of the bacillus subtilis is：Bacillus subtilis (0.6 × 1010CFU-1.0×1010CFU the wet samples of)/kg
Soil.Degradation root exudates strain is uniformly sprayed to tobacco-growing soil, reduces the allelopathic Auto toxicity of tobacco root secretion,
It is achieved thereby that soil quality is promoted, the final yield and quality for improving tobacco.
Using the tobacco-growing soil after above-mentioned compost product and method improvement, the soil weight is in 1.13-1.27g/cm3, it is described
Tobacco-growing soil pH is 5.5-6.5 after improvement；Organic matter is in >=21.54g/kg；Available phosphorus contents reach 20-30mg/kg, available potassium
Content reaches 80-100mg/kg；Soluble chloride content is in 10~30mg/kg；Exchangeability content of calcium and magnesium is respectively 4~6cmol/
Kg, 0.8~1.6cmol/kg；Tobacco root secretion content is respectively P-hydroxybenzoic acid：17.45~25.67 μ g/g, asafoetide
Acid：7.68~12.14 μ g/g, benzoic acid：2.52~4.85 μ g/g, cinnamic acid：0.74~0.92 μ g/g.
The technique effect of the present invention：
(1) it is planted the present invention provides a kind of compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil and using the improvement of compost product
Crude opium earth product so that the method that promotes tobacco production and quality.The compost product utilization cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure and gardens are given up
Compost fermentation is carried out after gurry (deadwood leaf) mixing, raw material sources are easy to get extensively, of low cost.
(2) present invention strain of inoculation drop with solution lignocellulosic ability in composting fermentation process, promotes wooden
The degradation of cellulose accelerates the process of compost fermentation and the formation of humus.
(3) compared with other soil improvement methods, method described herein not only realizes garden waste and livestock and poultry
The recycling of excrement, while tobacco-growing soil is improved, to promoting cigarette quality important in inhibiting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the comparing result for improveing forward and backward tobacco-growing soil unit weight；
Fig. 2 is the comparing result for improveing forward and backward tobacco-growing soil pH；
Fig. 3 is the comparing result for improveing the forward and backward tobacco-growing soil content of organic matter；
Fig. 4 is improves forward and backward tobacco-growing soil available phosphorus content comparing result；
Fig. 5 is improves forward and backward tobacco-growing soil quick-acting potassium content comparing result；
Fig. 6 is improves forward and backward tobacco-growing soil soluble chloride content balance result；
Fig. 7 is improves forward and backward tobacco-growing soil exchangeable calcium content balance result；
Fig. 8 is improves forward and backward tobacco-growing soil exchangeable magnesium content balance result；
Fig. 9 is the comparing result for improveing forward and backward tobacco-growing soil Tobacco Seed Germination rate.
Wherein：QS：Tobacco-growing soil before improvement；CD：Tobacco-growing soil after the improvement of embodiment 1；CM：After embodiment 2 improves
Tobacco-growing soil；PM：Tobacco-growing soil after the improvement of embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1：
For improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, it is prepared by the following method to obtain：
(1) fermentation materials are prepared：Garden waste (deadwood leaf) is crushed into processing, after crushing, at least 75% is former
The grain size of material<3cm；The total nitrogen and total carbon content of cow dung and deadwood number leaf are measured respectively.By cow dung and garden waste according to C/N
=25:1 be uniformly mixed obtain fermentation materials, control the water content of fermentation materials in 50%-60%；Raw material sources are easy to get extensively,
It is of low cost.
(2) aerobic composting fermentation：The water content that fermentation heap body is maintained in composting process is 50-60%；Every turning one in 7 days
Secondary, guarantee composting process is aerobic fermentation, and timing carries out temperature measuring to compost fermentation daily, and keeps the high temperature of 9-12 days
Phase；The temperature of the megathermal period is 50 DEG C -70 DEG C.Composting process is easy to operate, and it is fast to realize agricultural animal faeces wastes
Prompt drop solution.In addition, feces of livestock and poultry and garden waste, especially send out with abundant garden wastes of lignocellulose-containings such as sawdusts
After ferment, the part heavy metal in feces of livestock and poultry can be passivated, and the biological effectiveness of heavy metal reduces.Meanwhile with single livestock and poultry
Manure fermentation is compared, and cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure and garden waste mixed fermentation greatly reduce the loss of nitrogen.
(3) bacterium is once connect：It treats that heap body enters cooldown period, primary inoculum fermented, access change is carried out within the 13-15 days in compost
Color bolt bacterium (55 DEG C)；The density of the Trametes versicolor is：Trametes versicolor (1.1 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.
(4) it is secondary to connect bacterium：Secondary inoculum fermented, access bacillus amyloliquefaciens and ground are carried out within the 25-30 days in compost
Clothing bacillus；The density of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (1.2 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks, institute
The density for stating bacillus licheniformis is：Bacillus licheniformis (1.5 × 1010CFU)/1kg wet stocks.
(5) continue to ferment to the 45-50 days of compost, obtain the compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil.Wherein, in heap
Periodically turning is passed through oxygen in fertilizer fermentation, is passed through amount of oxygen not significantly reduce heap temperature, while can allow compost again according to aerobic
Fermentation is advisable.
The compost product of above-mentioned preparation is applied to improvement tobacco-growing soil.Specific method is：By the compost product according to
The dosage of every square of 90kg is uniformly blended into tobacco-growing soil, sprays nicotianae and withered grass gemma to mixed soil surface
Bacillus, mixing, the tobacco-growing soil improved.Wherein, the density of the nicotianae is：Nicotianae (0.7 ×
1010CFU the wet sample soil of)/kg；The density of the bacillus subtilis is：Bacillus subtilis (0.8 × 1010CFU the wet samples of)/kg
Soil.Degradation root exudates strain is uniformly sprayed to tobacco-growing soil, reduces the allelopathic Auto toxicity of tobacco root secretion,
It is achieved thereby that Tobacco quality improving, the yield and quality of tobacco is improved.
The determination experiment of physicochemical property before and after tobacco-growing soil improvement：
The present invention measures the performance of soil using the germination percentage of tobacco-growing soil tobacco seed after improvement.
(1) measure of tobacco-growing soil unit weight：After potted plant experiment starts 10 days, basin bowl-entering soil matter forms nature and builds knot state, opens
Begin to measure the soil weight.Assay method uses core cutter method for the measure of 1215 soil weight of LY/T.
(2) measure of tobacco-growing soil conductivity：Measure of the assay method for 1251 forest soil conductivity of LY/T, conductance
Method (water and soil mass ratio 5:1).
(3) measure of tobacco-growing soil organic matter：Assay method is the measure of 1237 forest soil organic matters of LY/T, heavy chromium
Sour potassium oxidation-Outside Heating Method.
(4) measure of tobacco-growing soil available phosphorus, available potassium, soluble chloride, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium：Assay method is joined
According to Agricultural University Of Nanjing《Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry》[M] .2 editions Beijing:Chinese agriculture publishing house, 1986.
Embodiment 2：
As different from Example 1, it for improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, is prepared by the following method to obtain：
(1) fermentation materials are prepared：By chicken manure and garden waste according to C/N=28:1 be uniformly mixed obtain fermentation materials,
The water content of fermentation materials is controlled in 50%-60%.
(2) aerobic composting fermentation：The water content that fermentation heap body is maintained in composting process is 50-60%；The high temperature
The temperature of phase is 50 DEG C -70 DEG C.
(3) bacterium is once connect：It treats that heap body enters cooldown period, primary inoculum fermented, access change is carried out within the 13-15 days in compost
Color bolt bacterium；The density of the Trametes versicolor is：Trametes versicolor (1.2 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.
(4) it is secondary to connect bacterium：Secondary inoculum fermented, access bacillus amyloliquefaciens and ground are carried out within the 25-30 days in compost
Clothing bacillus；The density of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (1.3 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks, institute
The density for stating bacillus licheniformis is：Bacillus licheniformis (0.8 × 1010CFU)/1kg wet stocks.
(5) continue to ferment to the 45-50 days of compost, obtain the compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil.
The compost product of above-mentioned preparation is applied to improvement tobacco-growing soil.Specific method is：By the compost product according to
The dosage of every square of 100kg is uniformly blended into tobacco-growing soil, sprays nicotianae and withered grass bud to mixed soil surface
Spore bacillus, mixing, the tobacco-growing soil improved.Wherein, the density of the nicotianae is：Nicotianae (0.8 ×
1010CFU the wet sample soil of)/kg；The density of the bacillus subtilis is：Bacillus subtilis (0.9 × 1010CFU the wet samples of)/kg
Soil.
Embodiment 3：
As different from Example 1, it for improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, is prepared by the following method to obtain：
(1) fermentation materials are prepared：By pig manure and garden waste according to C/N=30:1 be uniformly mixed obtain fermentation materials,
The water content of fermentation materials is controlled in 50%-60%.
(2) aerobic composting fermentation：The water content that fermentation heap body is maintained in composting process is 50-60%；The high temperature
The temperature of phase is 50 DEG C -70 DEG C.
(3) bacterium is once connect：It treats that heap body enters cooldown period, primary inoculum fermented, access change is carried out within the 13-15 days in compost
Color bolt bacterium；The density of the Trametes versicolor is：Trametes versicolor (1.3 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.
(4) it is secondary to connect bacterium：Secondary inoculum fermented, access bacillus amyloliquefaciens and ground are carried out within the 25-30 days in compost
Clothing bacillus；The density of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (0.9 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks, institute
The density for stating bacillus licheniformis is：Bacillus licheniformis (1.0 × 1010CFU)/1kg wet stocks.
(5) continue to ferment to the 45-50 days of compost, obtain the compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil.
The compost product of above-mentioned preparation is applied to improvement tobacco-growing soil.Specific method is：By the compost product according to
The dosage of every square of 110kg is uniformly blended into tobacco-growing soil, sprays nicotianae and withered grass bud to mixed soil surface
Spore bacillus, mixing, the tobacco-growing soil improved.Wherein, the density of the nicotianae is：Nicotianae (0.9 ×
1010CFU the wet sample soil of)/kg；The density of the bacillus subtilis is：Bacillus subtilis (1.0 × 1010CFU the wet samples of)/kg
Soil.
Embodiment 4：
As different from Example 1, it for improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, is prepared by the following method to obtain：
(1) fermentation materials are prepared：By chicken manure, the mixture of cow dung and garden waste according to C/N=20:1 is uniformly mixed
Fermentation materials are obtained, control the water content of fermentation materials in 50%-60%.
(2) aerobic composting fermentation：The water content that fermentation heap body is maintained in composting process is 50-60%；The high temperature
The temperature of phase is 50 DEG C -70 DEG C.
(3) bacterium is once connect：It treats that heap body enters cooldown period, primary inoculum fermented, access change is carried out within the 13-15 days in compost
Color bolt bacterium；The density of the Trametes versicolor is：Trametes versicolor (0.9 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.
(4) it is secondary to connect bacterium：Secondary inoculum fermented, access bacillus amyloliquefaciens and ground are carried out within the 25-30 days in compost
Clothing bacillus；The density of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (1.0 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks, institute
The density for stating bacillus licheniformis is：Bacillus licheniformis (1.2 × 1010CFU)/1kg wet stocks.
(5) continue to ferment to the 45-50 days of compost, obtain the compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil.
The compost product of above-mentioned preparation is applied to improvement tobacco-growing soil.Specific method is：By the compost product according to
The dosage of every square of 120kg is uniformly blended into tobacco-growing soil, sprays nicotianae and withered grass bud to mixed soil surface
Spore bacillus, mixing, the tobacco-growing soil improved.Wherein, the density of the nicotianae is：Nicotianae (1.0 ×
1010CFU the wet sample soil of)/kg；The density of the bacillus subtilis is：Bacillus subtilis (0.6 × 1010CFU the wet samples of)/kg
Soil.
Embodiment 5：
As different from Example 1, it for improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, is prepared by the following method to obtain：
(1) fermentation materials are prepared：By chicken manure, the mixture of pig manure and garden waste according to C/N=22:1 is uniformly mixed
Fermentation materials are obtained, control the water content of fermentation materials in 50%-60%.
(2) aerobic composting fermentation：The water content that fermentation heap body is maintained in composting process is 50-60%；The high temperature
The temperature of phase is 50 DEG C -70 DEG C.
(3) bacterium is once connect：It treats that heap body enters cooldown period, primary inoculum fermented, access change is carried out within the 13-15 days in compost
Color bolt bacterium；The density of the Trametes versicolor is：Trametes versicolor (1.0 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.
(4) it is secondary to connect bacterium：Secondary inoculum fermented, access bacillus amyloliquefaciens and ground are carried out within the 25-30 days in compost
Clothing bacillus；The density of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (1.1 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks, institute
The density for stating bacillus licheniformis is：Bacillus licheniformis (1.4 × 1010CFU)/1kg wet stocks.
(5) continue to ferment to the 45-50 days of compost, obtain the compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil.
The compost product of above-mentioned preparation is applied to improvement tobacco-growing soil.Specific method is：By the compost product according to
The dosage of every square of 105kg is uniformly blended into tobacco-growing soil, sprays nicotianae and withered grass bud to mixed soil surface
Spore bacillus, mixing, the tobacco-growing soil improved.Wherein, the density of the nicotianae is：Nicotianae (0.6 ×
1010CFU-1.0×1010CFU the wet sample soil of)/kg；The density of the bacillus subtilis is：Bacillus subtilis (0.7 ×
1010CFU the wet sample soil of)/kg.
Embodiment 6：
As different from Example 1, it for improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, is prepared by the following method to obtain：
(1) fermentation materials are prepared：By pig manure, the mixture of cow dung and garden waste according to C/N=25:1 is uniformly mixed
Fermentation materials are obtained, control the water content of fermentation materials in 50%-60%.
(2) aerobic composting fermentation：The water content that fermentation heap body is maintained in composting process is 50-60%；The high temperature
The temperature of phase is 50 DEG C -70 DEG C.
(3) bacterium is once connect：It treats that heap body enters cooldown period, primary inoculum fermented, access change is carried out within the 13-15 days in compost
Color bolt bacterium；The density of the Trametes versicolor is：Trametes versicolor (1.1 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.
(4) it is secondary to connect bacterium：Secondary inoculum fermented, access bacillus amyloliquefaciens and ground are carried out within the 25-30 days in compost
Clothing bacillus；The density of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (1.2 × 1010CFU)/kg wet stocks, institute
The density for stating bacillus licheniformis is：Bacillus licheniformis (1.1 × 1010CFU)/1kg wet stocks.
(5) continue to ferment to the 45-50 days of compost, obtain the compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil.
The compost product of above-mentioned preparation is applied to improvement tobacco-growing soil.Specific method is：By the compost product according to
The dosage of every square of 95kg is uniformly blended into tobacco-growing soil, sprays nicotianae and withered grass gemma to mixed soil surface
Bacillus, mixing, the tobacco-growing soil improved.Wherein, the density of the nicotianae is：Nicotianae (0.65 ×
1010CFU the wet sample soil of)/kg；The density of the bacillus subtilis is：Bacillus subtilis (0.75 × 1010CFU the wet samples of)/kg
Soil.
The performance parameter of tobacco-growing soil after 1 embodiment 1-6 of table improvement
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| The soil weight (g/cm3) | 1.27 | 1.17 | 1.2 | 1.13 | 1.16 | 1.22 |
| pH | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 6.2 |
| Organic matter (g/kg) | 20.78 | 25.89 | 27.54 | 20.02 | 22.54 | 29.98 |
| Rapid available phosphorus (mg/kg) | 23.51 | 26.94 | 39.67 | 25.52 | 17.06 | 10.19 |
| Available potassium (mg/kg) | 207 | 176.7 | 185.1 | 150.23 | 220.58 | 169.73 |
| Chlorine (mg/kg) | 13.24 | 21.51 | 24.72 | 10.78 | 29.49 | 23.12 |
| Calcium (cmol/kg) | 4.75 | 6 | 5.16 | 4.92 | 4 | 5.14 |
| Magnesium (cmol/kg) | 1.11 | 1.23 | 0.94 | 1.26 | 0.8 | 1.6 |
| Germination percentage % | 80 | 85 | 93 | 87 | 91 | 90 |
| P-hydroxybenzoic acid (μ g/g) | 17.45 | 22.32 | 20.08 | 25.67 | 18.82 | 21.35 |
| Ferulic acid (μ g/g) | 10.02 | 7.68 | 9.86 | 11.45 | 12.14 | 10.95 |
| Benzoic acid (μ g/g) | 3.92 | 3.24 | 2.52 | 4.21 | 4.54 | 4.85 |
| Cinnamic acid (μ g/g) | 0.74 | 0.85 | 0.90 | 0.92 | 0.78 | 0.82 |
As shown in Table 1, embodiment 1-6 improvement after tobacco-growing soil, after testing after, soil weight 1.13-1.27g/
cm3.As shown in Figure 1, want to compare with the tobacco-growing soil before improvement, the tobacco-growing soil unit weight after improvement reduces, and the soil is porous, conducive to root
System's stretching, extension.The pH value of soil is 5.5~6.5, and acid-base property is the concentrated expression of the important chemical property of soil, is the one of soil fertility
Item important indicator plays an important roll to coordinating nutrient relation between supply and demand between soil and flue-cured tobacco.It is generally believed that soil pH value between
When 4.5~8.0 cigarette strain can normal growth, but produce sound tobacco most suitable soil pH value be 5.5~6.5.As shown in Figure 2,
Want to compare with the tobacco-growing soil before improvement, the tobacco-growing soil pH value after improvement is more suitable for production sound tobacco.
For the content of organic matter with 20~30g/kg, organic matter is the important component of soil, is characterization Soil Nitrogen Supplying
Important indicator.From the figure 3, it may be seen that wanting to compare with the tobacco-growing soil before improvement, the tobacco-growing soil content of organic matter after improvement increases, energy
Soil is promoted to coordinate supply nutrient, cigarette strain is made to absorb nutrient and is more balanced.Available phosphorus contents are 10~40mg/kg, and available potassium contains
It measures as 150~220mg/kg；Phosphorus, potassium have formed conclusive effect as flue-cured tobacco essential nutrient element to its yield and quality.
When only soil phophorus, potassium and trace element enrich, good tobacco leaf can be just produced.Flue-cured tobacco is typical happiness potassium crop, quick-acting
The supply situation of potassium directly affects the potassium content and quality of tobacco leaf.By Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 it is found that wanting to compare with the tobacco-growing soil before improvement,
Tobacco-growing soil phosphorus and potassium content after improvement greatly increase.
Soluble chloride content is 10~30mg/kg；One of nutrient, suitable chlorine necessary to chlorine is tobacco growing development
It has the certain significance to tobacco growing and quality of tobacco formation, excessive chlorine will seriously affect quality of tobacco.It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that with changing
Tobacco-growing soil before good is wanted to compare, and the tobacco-growing soil chlorinity after improvement greatly increases, but not excessive.Exchangeable calcium content is 4
~6cmol/kg, exchangeable magnesium content are 0.8~1.6cmol/kg.Calcium, magnesium in soil are to influence flue-cured tobacco yield and quality to be formed
Important nutrient.Calcium is the element that Tobacco Absorbing amount is only second to potassium, is one of main component for forming ash content, suitable calcium contains
Amount can improve the physicochemical character of soil, and calcium can not only sweetening of the soil acidity in acid soil, moreover it is possible to eliminate Al3+To tobacco root
Murder by poisoning.Magnesium is unique mineral element of tobacco chlorophyll composition, can promote chlorophyll formation, enhancing tobacco leaf photosynthetic effect, carry
Rise the synthesis and conversion of carbohydrate.By Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 it is found that wanting to compare with the tobacco-growing soil before improvement, the plant crude opium after improvement
Earth calcium and content of magnesium greatly increase.
The content of tobacco root secretion is respectively P-hydroxybenzoic acid：17.45~25.67 μ g/g, ferulic acid：7.68~
12.14 μ g/g, benzoic acid：2.52~4.85 μ g/g, cinnamic acid：0.74~0.92 μ g/g.Want to compare with the tobacco-growing soil before improvement
(P-hydroxybenzoic acid：42.21~66.05 μ g/g, ferulic acid：22.13~30.22 μ g/g, benzoic acid：9.65~12.78 μ g/
G, cinnamic acid：1.44~2.93 μ g/g), the tobacco root secretion content in the tobacco-growing soil after improvement substantially reduces, therefore,
The normal development and growth of cigarette strain are not interfered with, and then the yield and quality of tobacco leaf can be improved.Soil seed germination percentage be for
It measures in soil with the presence of the substance of unrestraint plant growth.As shown in Figure 9, want to compare with the tobacco-growing soil before improvement, improve
Percentage of seedgermination represents that the substance of unrestraint plant growth in soil exists to be all higher than 80% in tobacco-growing soil afterwards.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than is limited；Although with reference to aforementioned reality
Example is applied the present invention is described in detail, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, still can be to aforementioned implementation
Technical solution recorded in example modifies or carries out equivalent replacement to which part technical characteristic；And these are changed or replace
It changes, the spirit and scope for claimed technical solution of the invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. for improveing the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, it is characterised in that：The compost product is prepared by the following method to obtain：
(1) fermentation materials are prepared：By cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure respectively with garden waste according to C/N=20:1~30:1 mixing is equal
It is even to obtain fermentation materials, the water content of fermentation materials is controlled in 50%-60%；
(2) aerobic composting fermentation：The water content that fermentation heap body is maintained in composting process is 55% or so, and is kept for 9-12 days
Megathermal period；
(3) bacterium is once connect：It treats that heap body enters cooldown period, primary inoculum fermented, access discoloration bolt is carried out within the 13-15 days in compost
Bacterium；
(4) it is secondary to connect bacterium：Secondary inoculum fermented, access bacillus amyloliquefaciens and lichens bud are carried out within the 25-30 days in compost
Spore bacillus；
(5) continue to ferment to the 45-50 days of compost, obtain the compost product for improveing tobacco-growing soil.
2. the compost product according to claim 1 for being used to improve tobacco-growing soil, it is characterised in that：Described in step (2)
The temperature of megathermal period is 50 DEG C -70 DEG C.
3. the compost product according to claim 1 for being used to improve tobacco-growing soil, it is characterised in that：Described in step (3)
The density of Trametes versicolor is：Trametes versicolor (0.9 × 1010CFU-1.3×1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.
4. the compost product according to claim 1 for being used to improve tobacco-growing soil, it is characterised in that：Described in step (4)
The density of bacillus amyloliquefaciens is：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (0.9 × 1010CFU-1.3×1010CFU)/kg wet stocks, it is described
The density of bacillus licheniformis is：Bacillus licheniformis (0.8 × 1010CFU-1.5×1010CFU)/kg wet stocks.
5. for improveing the application of the compost product of tobacco-growing soil, it is characterised in that：It is applied to improvement tobacco-growing soil；Specifically
Method is that the compost product is mixed into tobacco-growing soil, sprays lysine bacillus and oligotrophy list to mixed soil surface
Born of the same parents bacterium, mixing, the tobacco-growing soil improved.
6. the application of the compost product according to claim 5 for being used to improve tobacco-growing soil, it is characterised in that：The compost
The dosage of product is mixes 90-120kg compost products in tobacco-growing soil per acre.
7. the application of the compost product according to claim 5 for being used to improve tobacco-growing soil, it is characterised in that：The tobacco
The density of arthrobacterium is：Nicotianae (0.6 × 1010CFU-1.0×1010CFU the wet sample soil of)/kg；The bacillus subtilis
Density be：Bacillus subtilis (0.6 × 1010CFU-1.0×1010CFU the wet sample soil of)/kg.
8. the improvement tobacco-growing soil being prepared according to claim 5-7, it is characterised in that：Tobacco-growing soil unit weight after the improvement
In 1.13-1.27g/cm3；Tobacco-growing soil pH is 5.5-6.5 after the improvement.
9. the improvement tobacco-growing soil being prepared according to claim 5-7, it is characterised in that：Tobacco-growing soil is organic after the improvement
Matter is in >=21.54g/kg；Tobacco-growing soil available phosphorus contents reach 20-30mg/kg after the improvement, and quick-acting potassium content reaches 80-
100mg/kg；Tobacco-growing soil soluble chloride content is in 10~30mg/kg after the improvement；Tobacco-growing soil exchangeability after the improvement
Content of calcium and magnesium is respectively 4~6cmol/kg, 0.8~1.6cmol/kg.
10. the improvement tobacco-growing soil being prepared according to claim 5-7, it is characterised in that：Tobacco-growing soil cigarette after the improvement
Grass seed germination percentage >=80%；Tobacco root secretion content is respectively P-hydroxybenzoic acid in tobacco-growing soil after the improvement：
17.45~25.67 μ g/g, ferulic acid：7.68~12.14 μ g/g, benzoic acid：2.52~4.85 μ g/g, cinnamic acid：0.74~
0.92μg/g。
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| CN113372159A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-10 | 四川金叶化肥有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180622 |