CN106810305A - A kind of maize straw manure method - Google Patents
A kind of maize straw manure method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106810305A CN106810305A CN201611207843.4A CN201611207843A CN106810305A CN 106810305 A CN106810305 A CN 106810305A CN 201611207843 A CN201611207843 A CN 201611207843A CN 106810305 A CN106810305 A CN 106810305A
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- compost
- stalk
- straw
- fermentation
- maize straw
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention mainly relates to agricultural crop straw application field, a kind of maize straw manure method is disclosed, including：Compost construction, stalk immersion, stalk fermentation, natural drying；Method is simple, is easy to operation, and straw utilization rate reaches 98.3%, turns waste into wealth, environmental protection, saves ample resources, saves planting cost 13.5%；Compost is piled up with cement, can be reused, it is to avoid annual to be required for digging pond, easy to clean；Stalk uses manpower and material resources sparingly without crushing, through hot-water soak after, pathogenic microorganism can be killed, sugar in stalk can be accelerated again and is leached, beneficial to fermentation, accelerate compost；Spontaneously dried after fermentation ends, continued fermentation process, simple energy-conservation；Pathogenic microorganism is killed in fermentation process, is suitable to various plantings, continuous cropping plantation can be carried out during as corn base manure, it is simple efficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to agricultural crop straw application field, more particularly to a kind of maize straw manure method.
Background technology
China is corn planting country widely, and, also gradually increasing, the thing followed is exactly for the annual production of corn
The increase of maize straw, relevant testing result shows that maize straw contains more than 30% carbohydrate, 2 ~ 4% protein
Fat with 0.5 ~ 1%, can not only be used for feed, can also go back field as fertilizer.But fermentation and the compost of current China stalk stalk
Cumbersome, workload is big, is only seldom partly applied, and most maize straws are still directly incinerated, and cause very
The big wasting of resources, also generates very big pollution to environment.
The content of the invention
In order to make up the defect of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of maize straw manure method.
A kind of maize straw manure method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Compost is built：Illumination is sufficient for selection, draughty place, digs pond, depth be 2.1 ~ 2.3m, a length of 4.2 ~ 4.4m,
A width of 1.4 ~ 1.6m, floating with cement after inwall is with brick one layer, the brick 0.4 ~ 0.6m above ground level in pond mouthful, can repeat to make
With, it is to avoid it is annual to be required for digging pond, it is easy to clean, accelerate fermentation, free from extraneous odour, Chi Kou is sealed with plank lid, obtains compost；
（2）Stalk soaks：After harvest corn, maize straw is placed directly within compost, after piling with, to addition 80 ~ 100 in pond
DEG C hot water, submergence maize straw after, sealing, soak 4 ~ 5 days, without crush, use manpower and material resources sparingly, through hot-water soak after, both
Pathogenic microorganism can be killed, sugar is leached during stalk can be accelerated again, beneficial to fermentation, accelerate compost, obtain immersion stalk；
（3）Stalk fermentation：To leavening is added in compost, addition is 240 ~ 250g/ ponds, and sealing is fermented 55 ~ 60 days, warp
Multiple-microorganism ferments, and kills pathogenic microorganism, produces small molecule nutritional ingredient, it is easy to plant absorption, obtains fermented stalk；
（4）Spontaneously dry：The plank lid of compost is opened, makes moisture natural evaporation, continue fermentation process, simple energy-conservation, rain
Snowy day gas is sealed, and it is 4 ~ 8% to dry to water content, obtains straw compost.
The step（3）Leavening, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Saccharomycete 32 ~ 34, aspergillus niger 27 ~ 29, rice
Head mold 27 ~ 29, aspergillus oryzae 24 ~ 26, nitrobacteria 24 ~ 26, photosynthetic bacteria 24 ~ 26, Bacillus subtillis 19 ~ 21, lichens gemma
Bacillus 19 ~ 21, actinomyces 19 ~ 21, acetic acid bacteria 13 ~ 15, lactic acid bacteria 13 ~ 15, respective fluid nutrient medium is inoculated in by each strain
In, cultivate 20 ~ 24 hours, culture is enlarged in respective fermentation tank transferring, to cultivate 20 ~ 24 hours, centrifugation obtains each bacterium
Kind, by weight mixing, obtain leavening.
The application method of the straw compost, soil is directly spread on by straw compost, is ploughed deeply, and is carried out after can also packing
Storage, is selected a time and uses, it is adaptable to any plant, and continuous cropping plantation can be carried out during as corn base manure.
It is an advantage of the invention that：A kind of maize straw manure method that the present invention is provided, method is simple, is easy to operation, straw
Stalk utilization rate reaches 98.3%, turns waste into wealth, environmental protection, saves ample resources, saves planting cost 13.5%；Compost water
Mud is piled up, and can reuse, it is to avoid annual to be required for digging pond, easy to clean, accelerates fermentation, free from extraneous odour；Stalk need not be crushed,
Use manpower and material resources sparingly, through hot-water soak after, pathogenic microorganism can be killed, sugar in stalk can be accelerated again and is leached, beneficial to fermentation,
Accelerate compost；Spontaneously dried after fermentation ends, continued fermentation process, simple energy-conservation；Fermented through multiple-microorganism, kill disease
Pathogenic microorganism, produces small molecule nutritional ingredient, it is easy to plant absorption, is suitable to various plantings, improves soil texture, increases and makees
The yield and quality of thing, can carry out continuous cropping plantation during as corn base manure, simple efficient.
Specific embodiment
Below the present invention is illustrated with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of maize straw manure method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Compost is built：Illumination is sufficient for selection, draughty place, digs pond, depth be 2.1 ~ 2.3m, a length of 4.2 ~ 4.4m,
A width of 1.4 ~ 1.6m, floating with cement after inwall is with brick one layer, the brick 0.4 ~ 0.6m above ground level in pond mouthful, can repeat to make
With, it is to avoid annual to be required for digging pond, easy to clean, Chi Kou is sealed with plank lid, obtains compost；
（2）Stalk soaks：After harvest corn, maize straw is placed directly within compost, after piling with, to addition 80 ~ 100 in pond
DEG C hot water, submergence maize straw after, sealing, soak 4 days, without crush, use manpower and material resources sparingly, through hot-water soak after, can
Pathogenic microorganism is killed, sugar is leached during stalk can be accelerated again, beneficial to fermentation, accelerate compost, obtain immersion stalk；
（3）Stalk fermentation：To leavening is added in compost, addition is 240 ~ 250g/ ponds, and sealing is fermented 55 days, through various
Microbial fermentation, kills pathogenic microorganism, produces small molecule nutritional ingredient, it is easy to plant absorption, obtains fermented stalk；
（4）Spontaneously dry：The plank lid of compost is opened, makes moisture natural evaporation, continue fermentation process, simple energy-conservation, rain
Snowy day gas is sealed, and it is 4 ~ 8% to dry to water content, obtains straw compost.
The step（3）Leavening, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Saccharomycete 32, aspergillus niger 27, Rhizopus oryzae
27th, aspergillus oryzae 24, nitrobacteria 24, photosynthetic bacteria 24, Bacillus subtillis 19, bacillus licheniformis 19, actinomyces 19, acetic acid
Bacterium 13, lactic acid bacteria 13, each strain is inoculated in respective fluid nutrient medium, is cultivated 20 hours, is being transferred in respective fermentation
Culture is enlarged in tank, is cultivated 20 hours, centrifugation obtains each strain, by weight mixing, obtains leavening.
The application method of the straw compost, soil is directly spread on by straw compost, is ploughed deeply, and is carried out after can also packing
Storage, is selected a time and uses, it is adaptable to any plant, and continuous cropping plantation can be carried out during as corn base manure.
Embodiment 2
A kind of maize straw manure method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Compost is built：Illumination is sufficient for selection, draughty place, digs pond, depth be 2.1 ~ 2.3m, a length of 4.2 ~ 4.4m,
A width of 1.4 ~ 1.6m, floating with cement after inwall is with brick one layer, the brick 0.4 ~ 0.6m above ground level in pond mouthful, can repeat to make
With, it is to avoid annual to be required for digging pond, easy to clean, Chi Kou is sealed with plank lid, obtains compost；
（2）Stalk soaks：After harvest corn, maize straw is placed directly within compost, after piling with, to addition 80 ~ 100 in pond
DEG C hot water, submergence maize straw after, sealing, soak 4 days, without crush, use manpower and material resources sparingly, through hot-water soak after, can
Pathogenic microorganism is killed, sugar is leached during stalk can be accelerated again, beneficial to fermentation, accelerate compost, obtain immersion stalk；
（3）Stalk fermentation：To leavening is added in compost, addition is 240 ~ 250g/ ponds, and sealing is fermented 58 days, through various
Microbial fermentation, kills pathogenic microorganism, produces small molecule nutritional ingredient, it is easy to plant absorption, obtains fermented stalk；
（4）Spontaneously dry：The plank lid of compost is opened, makes moisture natural evaporation, continue fermentation process, simple energy-conservation, rain
Snowy day gas is sealed, and it is 4 ~ 8% to dry to water content, obtains straw compost.
The step（3）Leavening, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Saccharomycete 33, aspergillus niger 28, Rhizopus oryzae
28th, aspergillus oryzae 25, nitrobacteria 25, photosynthetic bacteria 25, Bacillus subtillis 20, bacillus licheniformis 20, actinomyces 20, acetic acid
Bacterium 14, lactic acid bacteria 14, each strain is inoculated in respective fluid nutrient medium, is cultivated 22 hours, is being transferred in respective fermentation
Culture is enlarged in tank, is cultivated 22 hours, centrifugation obtains each strain, by weight mixing, obtains leavening.
The application method of the straw compost, soil is directly spread on by straw compost, is ploughed deeply, and is carried out after can also packing
Storage, is selected a time and uses, it is adaptable to any plant, and continuous cropping plantation can be carried out during as corn base manure.
Embodiment 3
A kind of maize straw manure method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Compost is built：Illumination is sufficient for selection, draughty place, digs pond, depth be 2.1 ~ 2.3m, a length of 4.2 ~ 4.4m,
A width of 1.4 ~ 1.6m, floating with cement after inwall is with brick one layer, the brick 0.4 ~ 0.6m above ground level in pond mouthful, can repeat to make
With, it is to avoid annual to be required for digging pond, easy to clean, Chi Kou is sealed with plank lid, obtains compost；
（2）Stalk soaks：After harvest corn, maize straw is placed directly within compost, after piling with, to addition 80 ~ 100 in pond
DEG C hot water, submergence maize straw after, sealing, soak 5 days, without crush, use manpower and material resources sparingly, through hot-water soak after, can
Pathogenic microorganism is killed, sugar is leached during stalk can be accelerated again, beneficial to fermentation, accelerate compost, obtain immersion stalk；
（3）Stalk fermentation：To leavening is added in compost, addition is 240 ~ 250g/ ponds, and sealing is fermented 60 days, through various
Microbial fermentation, kills pathogenic microorganism, produces small molecule nutritional ingredient, it is easy to plant absorption, obtains fermented stalk；
（4）Spontaneously dry：The plank lid of compost is opened, makes moisture natural evaporation, continue fermentation process, simple energy-conservation, rain
Snowy day gas is sealed, and it is 4 ~ 8% to dry to water content, obtains straw compost.
The step（3）Leavening, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Saccharomycete 34, aspergillus niger 29, Rhizopus oryzae
29th, aspergillus oryzae 26, nitrobacteria 26, photosynthetic bacteria 26, Bacillus subtillis 21, bacillus licheniformis 21, actinomyces 21, acetic acid
Bacterium 15, lactic acid bacteria 15, each strain is inoculated in respective fluid nutrient medium, is cultivated 24 hours, is being transferred in respective fermentation
Culture is enlarged in tank, is cultivated 24 hours, centrifugation obtains each strain, by weight mixing, obtains leavening.
The application method of the straw compost, soil is directly spread on by straw compost, is ploughed deeply, and is carried out after can also packing
Storage, is selected a time and uses, it is adaptable to any plant, and continuous cropping plantation can be carried out during as corn base manure.
Comparative example 1
Step（1）Compost do not laid bricks, remaining method, with embodiment 1 floating with cement.
Comparative example 2
Step（2）To add cold water immersion, remaining method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
Step（3）It is spontaneous fermentation, remaining method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4
Step（4）It is drying, remaining method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 5
Existing traditional corn straw compost method.
The compost effect of embodiment and comparative example maize straw manure method：
Maize straw 800kg of the same race after Anhui Province's Fuyang City, random selection results, is randomly divided into 8 groups, and every group of 100kg divides
Compost is not carried out with the maize straw manure method of embodiment and comparative example, other management methods are identical, by maize straw manure
Continuous cropping plantation is also carried out behind field, the compost of the yield and quality of corn, embodiment and comparative example maize straw manure method is detected
Effect is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：The compost effect of embodiment and comparative example maize straw manure method
The result of table 1 shows, the maize straw manure method of embodiment, straw utilization rate obvious, compost time high compared with comparative example
Short, the yield and protein content of corn are substantially high compared with comparative example, illustrate the maize straw manure method of present invention offer and have
Good compost effect.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of maize straw manure method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Compost is built：Illumination is sufficient for selection, draughty place, digs pond, depth be 2.1 ~ 2.3m, a length of 4.2 ~ 4.4m,
A width of 1.4 ~ 1.6m, floating with cement after inwall is with brick one layer, the brick 0.4 ~ 0.6m above ground level in pond mouthful, Chi Kou planks
Lid is sealed, and obtains compost；
（2）Stalk soaks：After harvest corn, maize straw is placed directly within compost, after piling with, to addition 80 ~ 100 in pond
DEG C hot water, submergence maize straw after, sealing, soak 4 ~ 5 days, obtain immersion stalk；
（3）Stalk fermentation：To leavening is added in compost, addition is 240 ~ 250g/ ponds, and sealing is fermented 55 ~ 60 days, obtained
Fermented stalk；
（4）Spontaneously dry：The plank lid of compost is opened, makes moisture natural evaporation, sleety weather is sealed, dried to containing
Water is 4 ~ 8%, obtains straw compost.
2. maize straw manure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（3）Leavening, by following
The raw material composition of weight portion：Saccharomycete 32 ~ 34, aspergillus niger 27 ~ 29, Rhizopus oryzae 27 ~ 29, aspergillus oryzae 24 ~ 26, nitrobacteria 24 ~
26th, photosynthetic bacteria 24 ~ 26, Bacillus subtillis 19 ~ 21, bacillus licheniformis 19 ~ 21, actinomyces 19 ~ 21, acetic acid bacteria 13 ~ 15,
Lactic acid bacteria 13 ~ 15, each strain is inoculated in respective fluid nutrient medium, is cultivated 20 ~ 24 hours, is being transferred in respective fermentation
Culture is enlarged in tank, is cultivated 20 ~ 24 hours, centrifugation obtains each strain, by weight mixing, obtains leavening.
3. the application method of straw compost described in a kind of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that straw compost is directly spread on soil
Earth, is ploughed deeply, and is preserved after can also packing, and is selected a time and is used, it is adaptable to any plant.
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| CN201611207843.4A CN106810305A (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | A kind of maize straw manure method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107502572A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Application of the bacillus licheniformis in straw degradative, the microbial bacterial agent comprising the bacterium and its application |
| CN109678574A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-04-26 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | The fermentation of stalk waste takes thermal and application method |
| CN109734496A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-05-10 | 自贡佳禾新能源科技有限公司 | A method of biological organic fertilizer is prepared using stalk |
| CN113692855A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-26 | 安徽捷思新材料科技有限公司 | Straw returning method |
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| CN109734496A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-05-10 | 自贡佳禾新能源科技有限公司 | A method of biological organic fertilizer is prepared using stalk |
| CN109678574A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-04-26 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | The fermentation of stalk waste takes thermal and application method |
| CN113692855A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-26 | 安徽捷思新材料科技有限公司 | Straw returning method |
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Application publication date: 20170609 |