CN106798860A - 一种治疗脊髓灰质炎的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗脊髓灰质炎的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106798860A
CN106798860A CN201710178106.4A CN201710178106A CN106798860A CN 106798860 A CN106798860 A CN 106798860A CN 201710178106 A CN201710178106 A CN 201710178106A CN 106798860 A CN106798860 A CN 106798860A
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杨阳
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗脊髓灰质炎的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由当归、黄芪、续断、牛膝、肉苁蓉、板蓝根、淫羊藿、茯苓、僵蚕、金银花、伸筋草、蝉蜕、五加皮、杜仲、桂枝、巴戟天、菟丝子、火麻仁、郁李仁、何首乌、狗脊、络石藤按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有补肝肾,健脾补肺,舒筋活血,补血和血的功能,用于治疗脊髓灰质炎见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗脊髓灰质炎的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗脊髓灰质炎的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
脊髓灰质炎是由脊髓灰质炎病毒引起的严重危害儿童健康的急性传染病,脊髓灰质炎病毒为嗜神经病毒,主要侵犯中枢神经系统的运动神经细胞,以脊髓前角运动神经元损害为主。中医则认为脊髓灰质炎与肺胃阴虚,脾胃虚弱,气滞血瘀,肝肾亏损有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗脊髓灰质炎的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗脊髓灰质炎的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗脊髓灰质炎的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择当归、黄芪、续断、牛膝、肉苁蓉、板蓝根、淫羊藿、茯苓、僵蚕、金银花、伸筋草、蝉蜕、五加皮、杜仲、桂枝、巴戟天、菟丝子、火麻仁、郁李仁、何首乌、狗脊、络石藤、薏苡仁、贯众、山茱萸进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗脊髓灰质炎。其中选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用续断是因为其性味苦辛,微温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,续筋骨,调血脉的功能,治腰背酸痛,足膝无力,胎漏,崩漏,带下,遗精,跌打损伤,金疮,痔漏,痈疽疮肿。选用牛膝是因为其性味甘苦酸,平,入肝、肾经,生用散瘀血,消痈肿的功能,治淋病,尿血,经闭,癥瘕,难产,胞衣不下,产后瘀血腹痛,喉痹,痈肿,跌打损伤,熟用补肝肾,强筋骨,治腰膝骨痛,四肢拘挛,痿痹。选用肉苁蓉是因为其性味甘酸咸,温,入肾、大肠经,有补肾,益精,润燥,清肠的功能,治男子阳痿,女子不孕,带下,血崩,腰膝冷痛,血枯便秘。选用板蓝根是因为其性味苦,寒,入肝、胃血分,有清热,解毒,凉血的功能,治流感,流脑,乙脑,肺炎,丹毒,热毒发斑,神昏吐衄,咽肿,痄腮,火眼,疮疹。选用淫羊藿是因为其性味辛甘,温,入肝、肾经,有补肾壮阳,祛风除湿的功能,治阳痿不举,小便淋沥,筋骨挛急,半身不遂,腰膝无力,风湿痹痛,四脚不仁。选用茯苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入心、脾、肺经,有渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神的功能,治小便不利水肿胀痛,痰饮咳逆,呕哕,泄泻,遗精,淋浊,惊悸,健忘。选用僵蚕是因为其性味辛、咸,平,归肝,肺经。祛风解痉,化痰散结。用于中风口眼歪斜,惊痫抽搐,头赐,喉痹,瘰疠结核,风疹丹毒。选用金银花是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、胃经,有清热,解毒的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,痈疡,肿毒,瘰疬,痔漏。选用伸筋草是因为其性味苦辛,温,入肝、胃、肾三经,有祛风散寒,除湿消肿,舒筋活血的功能,治风寒湿痹,关节酸痛,皮肤麻木,四肢软弱,水肿,跌打损伤。选用蝉蜕是因为其性味甘咸,凉,入肺、肝经,有散风热,宣肺,定痉的功能,治外感风热,咳嗽音哑,麻疹透发不畅,风疹瘙痒,小儿惊癎,目赤,翳障,疔疮肿毒,破伤风。选用五加皮是因为其性味辛温,归肝、肾经,有祛风湿,壮筋骨,活血去瘀的功能,治风寒湿痹,筋滑挛急,水肿脚气,疮疽肿毒,跌打劳伤。选用杜仲是因为其性味甘微辛,温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎的功能,治腰脊酸疼,足膝痿弱,小便余沥,阴下湿痒,胎漏欲堕,高血压。选用桂枝是因为其性味辛甘,温,入膀胱、心、肺经,有发汗解肌,温经通脉的功能,治风寒表证,肩背肢节酸疼,胸痹痰饮,经闭癥瘕。选用巴戟天是因为其性味辛甘,温,入肝、肾经,有补肾阳,壮筋骨,祛风湿的功能,治阳痿,少腹冷痛,小便不禁,子宫虚冷,风寒湿痹,腰膝酸痛。选用菟丝子是因为其性味辛甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,益精髓,明目的功能,治腰膝酸痛,遗精,消渴,尿有余沥,目暗。选用火麻仁是因为其性味甘,平,入脾、胃、大肠经,有润燥,滑肠,通淋,活血的功能,治肠燥便秘,消渴,热淋,风痹,痢疾,月经不调,疥疮,癣癫。选用郁李仁是因为其性味辛苦甘,平,入脾、大小肠经,有润燥,滑肠,下气,利水的功能,治大肠气滞,燥涩不通,小便不利,大腹水肿,四肢浮肿,脚气。选用何首乌是因为其性味苦甘涩,微温,入肝、肾经,有补肝,益肾,养血,祛风的功能,治肝肾阴亏,发须早白,血虚头晕,腰膝软弱,筋骨酸痛,遗精,崩带,久疟,久痢,慢性肝炎,痈肿,瘰疬,肠风,痔疾。选用狗脊是因为其性味苦甘,温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,除风湿,健腰脚,利关节的功能,治腰背酸疼,膝痛脚弱,寒湿周痹,失溺,尿频,遗精,白带。选用络石藤是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、肾经,有祛风,通络,止血,消瘀的功能,治风湿痹痛,筋脉拘挛,痈肿,喉痹,吐血,跌打损伤,产后恶露不行。选用薏苡仁是因为其性味甘淡,凉,入脾、肺、肾经,有健脾,补肺,清热,利湿的功能,治泄泻,湿痹,筋脉拘挛,屈伸不利,水肿,脚气,肺痿,肺痈,肠痈,淋浊,白带。选用贯众是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、胃经,有杀蛔、绦、蛲虫,清热,解毒,凉血,止血的功能,治风热感冒,湿热癍疹,吐血,衄血,肠风便血,血痢,血崩,带下。选用山茱萸是因为其性味酸,微温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,涩精气,固虚脱的功能,治腰膝酸痛,眩晕,耳鸣,阳痿,遗精,小便频数,肝虚寒热,虚汗不止,心摇脉散。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
当归15-20克,黄芪10-20克,续断5-15克,牛膝15-25克,肉苁蓉10-20克,板蓝根5-15克,淫羊藿5-15克,茯苓10-20克,僵蚕10-15克,金银花10-20克,伸筋草10-20克,蝉蜕5-15克,五加皮10-20克,杜仲15-20克,桂枝10-20克,巴戟天10-15克,菟丝子5-15克,火麻仁5-10克,郁李仁10-20克,何首乌10-15克,狗脊15-20克,络石藤10-15克,薏苡仁5-15克,贯众5-15克,山茱萸5-10克。
优选为:
当归18克,黄芪15克,续断10克,牛膝20克,肉苁蓉15克,板蓝根10克,淫羊藿10克,茯苓15克,僵蚕12克,金银花15克,伸筋草15克,蝉蜕10克,五加皮15克,杜仲18克,桂枝15克,巴戟天12克,菟丝子10克,火麻仁8克,郁李仁15克,何首乌12克,狗脊18克,络石藤12克,薏苡仁10克,贯众10克,山茱萸8克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
2、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
3、续断:洗净泥沙,除去残留根头,润透后切片晒干,筛去屑;
4、牛膝:拣去杂质,洗净,润软,去芦,切段,晒干;
5、肉苁蓉:拣净杂质,清水浸泡,每天换水1-2次,如系咸苁蓉,泡尽盐分,润透,纵向切片,晒干;
6、板蓝根:拣净杂质,洗净,润透,切片,晒干;
7、淫羊藿:拣净杂质,去梗,切丝,筛去碎屑;
8、茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
9、僵蚕:取原药材,除去残丝,杂质;
10、金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
11、伸筋草:筛去灰屑,拣净杂质,切成小段;
12、蝉蜕:拣去杂质,洗净晒干;
13、五加皮:拣净杂质,用水洗净,稍润后,切片,干燥;
14、杜仲:除去粗皮,洗净,润透,切成方块或丝条,晒干;
15、桂枝:用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润至透,切片,晾干,筛去屑;
16、巴戟天:拣去杂质,用热水泡透后,趁热抽去木心,切段,晒干;
17、菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
18、火麻仁:拣去杂质及残留外壳,取净仁;
19、郁李仁:筛去泥屑,淘净,拣净杂质和碎壳,晒干,用时捣碎;
20、何首乌:拣去杂质,洗净,用水泡至八成透,捞出,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成方块,晒干;
21、狗脊:取沙子置锅内炒至轻松,加入拣净的狗脊,用武火炒至鼓起并显深黄色,取出,筛除沙子,风晾后,撞去或刮净黄绒毛;
22、络石藤:用水洗去泥土,拣净杂质,稍浸泡,润透,切断,晒干;
23、薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
24、贯众:用清水稍浸,取出,早晚各洒水一次,润软,切片,晒干;
25、山茱萸:洗净,除去果核及杂质,晒干。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的当归、黄芪、续断、牛膝、肉苁蓉、板蓝根、淫羊藿、茯苓、僵蚕、金银花、伸筋草、蝉蜕、五加皮、杜仲、桂枝、巴戟天、菟丝子、火麻仁、郁李仁、何首乌、狗脊、络石藤、薏苡仁、贯众、山茱萸放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为6剂服用。
组方中续断有补肝肾,续筋骨,调血脉的功能为君药;薏苡仁健脾,补肺,清热,利湿;伸筋草有祛风散寒,除湿消肿,舒筋活血的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥补肝肾,健脾补肺,舒筋活血,除湿消肿,清热利湿的作用,治疗脊髓灰质炎效力全面,且以补肝肾,健脾补肺,舒筋活血为主可治本,火麻仁有润燥,滑肠,通淋,活血功能为佐药,当归有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能为使药,二者是治标。
本发明药物具有补肝肾,健脾补肺,舒筋活血,补血和血的功能,用于治疗脊髓灰质炎,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0-2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治前期及瘫痪前期的脊髓灰质炎门诊患者共32例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状分为三期:(1)前驱期症状为发热、食欲不振、多汗、烦躁和全身感觉过敏;亦可见恶心、呕吐、头痛、咽喉痛、便秘、弥漫性腹痛、鼻炎、咳嗽、咽渗出物、腹泻。(2)瘫痪前期为患者出现高热、头痛、颈背、四肢疼痛,活动或变换体位时加重。同时有多汗、皮肤发红、烦躁不安等兴奋状态和脑膜刺激征阳性等神经系统体征。(3)瘫痪期是在起病后2~7天或者是发热后的1~2出现不对称性肌群无力或者是迟缓性瘫痪,并且会因为发热而导致病情加重。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、中、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:脊髓灰质炎症状消失,体质恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者前驱期,瘫痪前期,出现的症状减轻,脊髓灰质炎症状明显好转,逐步恢复正常;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗脊髓灰质炎患者32例,结果显效27例,显效率为84.38%,好转4例,好转率为12.5%,无效1例,总有效率为96.88%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗脊髓灰质炎的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
当归15-20克,黄芪10-20克,续断5-15克,牛膝15-25克,肉苁蓉10-20克,板蓝根5-15克,淫羊藿5-15克,茯苓10-20克,僵蚕10-15克,金银花10-20克,伸筋草10-20克,蝉蜕5-15克,五加皮10-20克,杜仲15-20克,桂枝10-20克,巴戟天10-15克,菟丝子5-15克,火麻仁5-10克,郁李仁10-20克,何首乌10-15克,狗脊15-20克,络石藤10-15克,薏苡仁5-15克,贯众5-15克,山茱萸5-10克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
当归18克,黄芪15克,续断10克,牛膝20克,肉苁蓉15克,板蓝根10克,淫羊藿10克,茯苓15克,僵蚕12克,金银花15克,伸筋草15克,蝉蜕10克,五加皮15克,杜仲18克,桂枝15克,巴戟天12克,菟丝子10克,火麻仁8克,郁李仁15克,何首乌12克,狗脊18克,络石藤12克,薏苡仁10克,贯众10克,山茱萸8克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(2)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
(3)续断:洗净泥沙,除去残留根头,润透后切片晒干,筛去屑;
(4)牛膝:拣去杂质,洗净,润软,去芦,切段,晒干;
(5)肉苁蓉:拣净杂质,清水浸泡,每天换水1-2次,如系咸苁蓉,泡尽盐分,润透,纵向切片,晒干;
(6)板蓝根:拣净杂质,洗净,润透,切片,晒干;
(7)淫羊藿:拣净杂质,去梗,切丝,筛去碎屑;
(8)茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
(9)僵蚕:取原药材,除去残丝,杂质;
(10)金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
(11)伸筋草:筛去灰屑,拣净杂质,切成小段;
(12)蝉蜕:拣去杂质,洗净晒干;
(13)五加皮:拣净杂质,用水洗净,稍润后,切片,干燥;
(14)杜仲:除去粗皮,洗净,润透,切成方块或丝条,晒干;
(15)桂枝:用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润至透,切片,晾干,筛去屑;
(16)巴戟天:拣去杂质,用热水泡透后,趁热抽去木心,切段,晒干;
(17)菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
(18)火麻仁:拣去杂质及残留外壳,取净仁;
(19)郁李仁:筛去泥屑,淘净,拣净杂质和碎壳,晒干,用时捣碎;
(20)何首乌:拣去杂质,洗净,用水泡至八成透,捞出,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成方块,晒干;
(21)狗脊:取沙子置锅内炒至轻松,加入拣净的狗脊,用武火炒至鼓起并显深黄色,取出,筛除沙子,风晾后,撞去或刮净黄绒毛;
(22)络石藤:用水洗去泥土,拣净杂质,稍浸泡,润透,切断,晒干;
(23)薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
(24)贯众:用清水稍浸,取出,早晚各洒水一次,润软,切片,晒干;
(25)山茱萸:洗净,除去果核及杂质,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的当归、黄芪、续断、牛膝、肉苁蓉、板蓝根、淫羊藿、茯苓、僵蚕、金银花、伸筋草、蝉蜕、五加皮、杜仲、桂枝、巴戟天、菟丝子、火麻仁、郁李仁、何首乌、狗脊、络石藤、薏苡仁、贯众、山茱萸放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为6剂服用。
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