CN106795691A - 碳纤维树脂胶带制造方法及碳纤维树脂胶带 - Google Patents
碳纤维树脂胶带制造方法及碳纤维树脂胶带 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明目的在于提供一种不进行高压加压和高温加热就可直接通过强粘合力进行粘合的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法。一种碳纤维树脂胶带F2的制造方法,其特征在于,具备如下工序:第一工序,将具有多根碳纤维的碳纤维束F1浸渍于具有负氧化还原电位的还原水中展平该碳纤维束;第二工序,在所述第一工序之后,将所述碳纤维束浸渍于含有粘合剂S和氧化铝溶胶A和过硫酸钾B的粘合剂溶液中;第三工序,在所述第二工序之后,烘干所述碳纤维束。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法以及碳纤维树脂胶带,具体而言,涉及一种不进行高压加压和高温加热就可直接通过强粘合力进行粘合的带状的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法以及碳纤维树脂胶带。
背景技术
多个碳纤维和树脂复合而成的碳纤维树脂胶带具有可与金属材料匹敌的强度・弹性模量,同时由于比重比金属材料小,所以可以实现部件的轻量化。另外,由于也不易于生锈,所以增加了在以降低燃料消耗为目的的飞机或者汽车上的使用。
特开2014-98127号公报中公开了用此碳纤维树脂带形成三维形状的方法:层叠多个碳纤维树脂胶带,并对此层叠体进行加热・加压使浸渍于碳纤维中的树脂固化,以便形成三维形状。此时,通过在具有三维形状的模具内对层叠体进行加热・加压,可以形成所需的三维形状。
但是,为了对碳纤维树脂胶带的层叠体进行加热・加压,模具是必要的,加热也必须在300℃以上,从而造成成本增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决上述现有技术中的问题,提供一种不进行高压加压和高温加热就可直接通过强粘合力进行粘合的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法。
本发明涉及一种碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法,其特征在于,具备如下工序:第一工序,将具有多根碳纤维的碳纤维束浸渍于具有负氧化还原电位的还原水中展平该碳纤维束;第二工序,在所述第一工序之后,将所述碳纤维束浸渍于含有粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的粘合剂溶液中;第三工序,在所述第二工序之后,烘干所述碳纤维束。
碳纤维树脂胶带的宽度可以为任意值,碳纤维树脂胶带中也包含有片状的胶带。
另外,本发明涉及一种碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法,其特征在于,所述还原水的氧化还原电位为-800mV以下。
另外,本发明涉及一种碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法,其特征在于,所述粘合剂溶液中的所述粘合剂为一种聚乙烯醇,该聚乙烯醇的浓度为0.5~30wt%,所述氧化铝溶胶的浓度为0.5~16.7wt%,过硫酸钾的浓度为0.5~10wt%。
另外,本发明涉及一种碳纤维树脂胶带,其特征在于,是一种由多根碳纤维束展平的碳纤维树脂胶带,所述胶带在碳纤维的表面和间隙具有含氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的干燥的粘合剂。
根据本发明的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法,由于碳纤维的表面和间隙具有干燥的粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾,所以使用粘合剂时的碳纤维树脂胶带的粘合力变强。另外,剥离粘合剂对多个碳纤维树脂胶带进行层叠,形成三维形状时,也不需要进行高压加压,加热时在100℃以下的加热状态下即获得了强粘合力。
另外,根据本发明的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法,由于还原水的氧化还原电位为-800mV以下,所以在第一工序中,所述碳纤维束容易展平。
另外,根据本发明的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法,由于粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的量适中,所以使用粘合剂时的碳纤维树脂胶带的粘合力变得更强。
另外,根据本发明的碳纤维树脂胶带,由于碳纤维的表面和间隙具有干燥的粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾,所以使用粘合剂时的碳纤维树脂胶带的粘合力变强。
附图说明
图1是用于本发明所涉及的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法的碳纤维树脂胶带制造装置的概略图。
图2是表示用于辅助开纤作用的结构的示例图。
图3是示意性地表示本发明所涉及的制造方法中的碳纤维束的形态变化的图。
图4是本发明所涉及的制造方法的实施例中的剥离强度的图表。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本发明所涉及的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法的较佳实施方式进行说明。
本实施方式的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法具备如下工序:第一工序,将多根碳纤维组成的碳纤维束浸渍于具有负氧化还原电位的还原水中展平该碳纤维束;第二工序,在所述第一工序之后,将所述碳纤维束浸渍于含有粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的粘合剂溶液中;第三工序,在所述第二工序之后,烘干所述碳纤维束。
此外,在本实施方式中,多根碳纤维组成的碳纤维束在第三工序中烘干后称为碳纤维树脂胶带。
图1示出了用于本发明所涉及的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法的碳纤维树脂胶带制造装置。碳纤维树脂胶带制造装置具备抽出碳纤维束F1的喂纱辊1和卷取形成的碳纤维树脂胶带F2的卷取辊8。
碳纤维树脂胶带制造装置在喂纱辊1和卷取辊8之间具备使碳纤维束F1依次浸渍的第1槽2和第2槽6,在第2槽6和卷取辊8之间具备烘干碳纤维束F1的烘干装置7。另外,碳纤维树脂胶带制造装置在喂纱辊1和卷取辊8之间根据情况设有送出碳纤维束F1的辊。
第1槽2上储藏有具有负氧化还原电位的还原水。第2槽6上储藏有包含粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的粘合剂溶液。
以下,对本实施方式的碳纤维树脂胶带F2的制造方法的各工序进行说明。
<第一工序>
如图1所示,碳纤维束F1从喂纱辊1连续抽出,并浸渍于储藏在第1槽2内的水中一定时间。
作为碳纤维束F1,可以采用无捻碳纤维3K(3000本束)、6K(6000本束)、12K(12000本束)等。作为碳纤维,可以使用沥青类、椰子壳类的任意一种。
在本发明中,储藏在第1槽2内的水一般是具有负氧化还原电位的还原水。
普通的水具有正氧化还原电位(例如自来水:+400~+600mV左右),但是还原水具有负氧化还原电位,水分子簇小,具有优异的浸透力。
碳纤维束F1通过浸渍于这样的还原水中,不通过超声波等物理外力作用而直接自然展平。
本发明中所使用的还原水优选为氧化还原电位为-800mV以下的还原水。
通过使用这种氧化还原电位低的还原水,可将构成碳纤维束F1的碳纤维在短时间可靠地展平而获得带状的平织纤维束。另外,所得到的带状的平织纤维束难以复原。
本发明中所使用的还原水的制造方法没有特别限定,例如可以举出以下方法。
<1.气体鼓泡法>
通过氮气、氩气或者氢气的鼓泡,从而使水中的氧浓度降低,使氧化还原电位下降。
<2.肼添加法>
通过添加肼,从而使水中的氧浓度降低,使氧化还原电位下降。
<3.电解法>
(a)正负的峰值以及/或者占空比施加非对称的高频电压进行水的电解,使氧化还原电位下降;
(b)由1枚接地电极(阴极)、阳极和阴极交互变化的2枚Pt和Ti组成的特殊形状电极(菱形网状电极或者六角形网状电极)构成电极,施加高频电压进行水的电解,使氧化还原电位下降。
在本发明中,上述方法中,特别是优选使用根据“3(b)”的方法得到的还原水。
这是因为根据“3(b)”的方法,与其他方法相比,更加容易且可靠地获得了氧化还原电位低(-800mV以下),可长时间保持负氧化还原电位的还原水。
此外,关于用于实施“3(b)”的方法的装置,本申请人在特开2000-239456号公报中予以公开,可基于此公开内容进行实施。
在本发明中,通过使碳纤维束F1浸渍于上述这种还原水中可不通过物理外力作用而直接自然扩散(开纤),但是为了辅助这种开纤作用,可以采用图2所示的结构。
图2(a)是在第1槽2中支撑并运输碳纤维束F1的2个运输辊3中,使第2个辊31具有开纤作用的。
具体而言,将第2个辊31的断面(沿着旋转轴的断面)形状加工成如图中引出的箭头所指方向所示,从两端向中央膨胀的形状,从而纤维容易沿着辊31的表面展平。
图2(b)是通过在第1槽2中设置3个以上(图中为3个)运输辊3,从而构成为使碳纤维束F1弯曲运输,使第2个以后的辊(图中为第2个辊32)具有开纤作用。
具体而言,通过将辊32加工成与图2(a)同样的断面形状,从而纤维容易沿着辊32的表面展平。
图2(c)是在第1槽2中在支撑并运输碳纤维束F1的运输辊3之间设置平板4,碳纤维束F1沿着此平板4被运输,从而纤维容易展平。
图2(d)是在第1槽2中在支撑并运输碳纤维束F1的运输辊3之间卷绕平带5,碳纤维束F1沿着此平带5被运输,从而纤维容易展平。
<第二工序>
通过第1槽2浸渍于还原水中,从而展平的碳纤维(平织纤维束)从第1槽2取出后,继续连续导入第2槽6内。
第2槽6内收纳有含有粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的粘合剂溶液,通过浸渍于还原水中而得到的平织纤维束在第2槽6内浸渍于粘合剂溶液。
作为粘合剂是具有亲水基的,优选使用例如洗涤液这种水溶性胶、PVA(聚乙烯醇)、PTFE悬浮液、石墨纳米分散剂、聚乙二醇、水溶性粘土分散剂、淀粉胶、具有OH-基的有机或者无机材含有分散溶液。
如果粘合剂的浓度比预定范围低,则展平的碳纤维束F1有可能复原。另外,如果粘合剂的浓度比预定范围高,则粘合剂有可能难以浸透在碳纤维束F1中。
粘合剂为PVA时的浓度优选为0.5~30wt%。
氧化铝溶胶的浓度优选为0.5~16.7wt%。如果氧化铝溶胶的浓度比所述下限低,则碳纤维树脂胶带的粘合力有可能变弱。另外,即使氧化铝溶胶的浓度比所述上限高,碳纤维树脂胶带的粘合力在此基础上也难以增加。
另外,PVA和氧化铝溶胶的浓度比优选为3:1。另外,过硫酸钾的浓度优选为0.5~10wt%。
氧化铝溶胶的氧化铝形状可以为板状、柱状、纤维状、六角板状等。
另外,氧化铝溶胶为纤维状时的氧化铝纤维是氧化铝的纤维状结晶,具体而言,如由氧化铝无水合物形成的氧化铝纤维、由包含水合物的氧化铝形成的氧化铝水合物纤维等。
氧化铝纤维的结晶系中有无定形、勃姆石、假勃姆石等,可以是任一结晶系。在此,勃姆石是用组成式:Al2O3・nH20表示的氧化铝水合物的结晶。氧化铝纤维的结晶系例如通过后述的加水分解性氧化铝化合物的种类、其加水分解条件或者抗絮条件,可以调整。氧化铝纤维的结晶系可以使用x线衍射装置(例如商品名“Mac.Sci.MXP-18”、MACScience公司制)进行确认。
如此一来,通过平织纤维束浸渍于含有粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的溶液内,从而展平的纤维和纤维之间浸透含有粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的混合溶液。
图3是示意性地表示在此之前的工序的图,多根碳纤维组成的碳纤维束F1通过浸渍于还原水中而成为碳纤维F3展平的平织纤维束H,通过此平织纤维束H浸渍于含有粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的溶液内,碳纤维F3之间浸透粘合剂S和氧化铝溶胶A和过硫酸钾B。
在本发明中,作为溶解粘合剂的溶剂可以使用上述还原水,如此一来,可以提高粘合剂的浸透力。
另外,在本发明中,可以采用不设置第2槽6,将含有粘合剂的溶液加工成雾状而喷涂通过浸渍于还原水中而展平的碳纤维(平织纤维束)的方法。
<第三工序>
浸渍于含有粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶的溶液内后的展平的碳纤维束F1从第2槽6取出后,供给给烘干装置7实施烘干处理。
烘干装置7的种类没有特别限定,既可以是加热器加热装置,也可以是暖风加热装置,还可以是利用远红外线的加热装置。但是,在本发明所涉及的方法中,不一定需要设置烘干装置7,可以进行自然烘干。
此外,此第三工序之后,可以进一步除去水洗碳纤维树脂胶带F2的多余粘合剂,使其烘干。除去多余的不纯物,留下需要的OH-,从而剥离强度提高。
将浸渍于包含有粘合剂的溶液内后的碳纤维束F1烘干,从而使浸透在展平的纤维和纤维之间的粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾固化。
如此一来,在纤维展平的状态下由粘合剂固化,从而获得了即使时间足够也不可能复原、而且具有高的机械强度的碳纤维树脂胶带F2。
通过烘干装置7使粘合剂被固化后的碳纤维树脂胶带F2卷取在卷取辊8上,从而完成碳纤维树脂胶带F2的制造。
如上所述,根据本发明所涉及的方法,可以不通过物理外力作用而直接将纤维展平来制造带状的碳纤维树脂胶带F2。
但是,在本发明中,并不是完全排除物理外力作用,可以将本发明所涉及的方法和传统的物理外力作用的方法组合使用。
例如,也可以采用在上述第1槽2中设置超声波产生装置,对浸渍于还原水中的碳纤维束F1放置超声波的方法。
此时,由于通过还原水的开纤作用,即使减弱超声波的输出也可获得足够的开纤,所以达到了在可靠地防止纤维的损伤的同时,可高效率地制造充分展平的带状的平织纤维束这一效果。
如此制造的碳纤维树脂胶带F2通过粘合剂可以坚固地粘合在其他物体上,另外,多个碳纤维树脂胶带F2通过粘合剂层叠,或者不经由粘合剂层叠,也可形成三维形状。如此粘合、或者层叠时无须进行高压加压,加热时在100℃以下的加热状态下即获得了强粘合力。
这是由于在此碳纤维树脂胶带F2的强粘合力中粘合在碳纤维间的氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的OH-基发挥了作用。
作为粘合剂,优选使用洗涤液这种水溶性胶、PVA(聚乙烯醇)、酚醛树脂、PTFE悬浮液、环氧树脂、石墨纳米分散剂、有机硅树脂、聚乙二醇、水溶性粘土分散剂、淀粉胶、氨基甲酸乙酯树脂、丁基系树脂、其他有机或者无机材含有分散溶液。
<实施例>
示出了表示通过本发明的制造方法制造的碳纤维树脂胶带的粘合力的实施例。
使用图1的碳纤维树脂胶带制造装置,第1槽的还原水的氧化还原电位设为-850mV,第2槽的溶液组成设为表1的组成,上述第三工序之后根据不进行水洗的方法和进行水洗的方法来制造碳纤维树脂胶带。
【表1】
PVA使用岸田株式会社制的“PVA500”。
氧化铝溶胶使用川研精细化工株式会社制的“CSA-110AD”。
烘干后的水洗使用80℃的温水,洗净后在80~90℃下将其烘干15~20分钟。
通过酚醛系粘合剂将如此制造的碳纤维树脂胶带粘合在SUS板(厚度0.05mm)上。粘合时,通过弓形夹钳夹住碳纤维树脂胶带和SUS板,在160℃下保持20分钟。
粘合之后,通过依据JIS K6854-1(粘合剂―剥离粘合强度试验方法)的方法测量碳纤维树脂胶带从SUS板的剥离粘合强度。
拉伸试验机使用岛津制作所株式会社制造的拉伸试验机AGX-50型。
拉伸速度设为5mm/sec。
碳纤维树脂胶带的试样的大小设为厚度0.25mm,25mm(宽度)×250mm(长度)的大小。
测量的剥离强度的图表如图4所示,剥离强度(25mm宽度)如表2所示。
关于剥离强度,评价了平均强度,其中一部分还评价了图表中的最大峰值的强度。
【表2】
其结果如下:
(1)具有PVA和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的实施例1~7与具有PVA和过硫酸钾而不具有氧化铝溶胶的比较例1、2相比剥离强度高。
(2)具有PVA和过硫酸钾而不具有氧化铝溶胶的比较例1、2与PVA50%的比较例3相比剥离强度高。
(3)烘干后水洗一方(实施例2、比较例2)与不水洗一方(实施例1、比较例1)相比剥离强度高。这是由于除去多余的不纯物,留下必要的OH-。
(4)在PVA:0.5~30wt%、氧化铝溶胶:0.5~16.7wt%、过硫酸钾:0.5~10wt%,烘干后进行水洗的实施例2~7中,剥离强度为13(N/25mm宽度)以上的高强度。
特别是,在PVA:15wt%、氧化铝溶胶:5wt%、过硫酸钾:5wt%的烘干后进行水洗的实施例6中,剥离强度为22(N/25mm宽度)这一最高值。
(5)过硫酸钾的添加量即使比实施例的范围多,也沉淀分离。
(6)如果氧化铝溶胶的添加量比实施例的范围多,则表面硬邦邦地,对粘合力的作用小。
本发明的碳纤维树脂胶带除了加工成带状使用以外,也可以通过编织而加工成片状使用,另外也可使带状的树脂胶带、编织成的片状的树脂胶带层叠而作为三维结构物使用。作为三维结构物使用时不仅轻量而且强度高。因此,通过用于汽车或者飞机的移动体可以降低燃料消耗。另外,也适合用于球拍、钓具等。
符号说明:
F1 碳纤维束
F2 碳纤维树脂胶带
A 氧化铝溶胶
B 过硫酸钾
S 粘合剂
Claims (4)
1.一种碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法,其特征在于,具备如下工序:第一工序,将具有多根碳纤维的碳纤维束浸渍于具有负氧化还原电位的还原水中展平该碳纤维束;第二工序,在所述第一工序之后,将所述碳纤维束浸渍于含有粘合剂和氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的粘合剂溶液中;第三工序,在所述第二工序之后,烘干所述碳纤维束。
2.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法,其特征在于,所述还原水的氧化还原电位为-800mV以下。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的碳纤维树脂胶带的制造方法,其特征在于,所述粘合剂溶液中的所述粘合剂为一种聚乙烯醇,该聚乙烯醇的浓度为0.5~30wt%,所述氧化铝溶胶的浓度为0.5~16.7wt%,过硫酸钾的浓度为0.5~10wt%。
4.一种碳纤维树脂胶带,其特征在于,是一种由多根碳纤维束展平的碳纤维树脂胶带,所述胶带在碳纤维的表面和间隙具有含氧化铝溶胶和过硫酸钾的干燥的粘合剂。
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CN110093684A (zh) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-06 | 日本泰克斯株式会社 | 开纤碳纤维极细线的制造装置 |
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CN108431312B (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2021-12-21 | 日本泰克斯株式会社 | 加捻纱线丶开纤纱线丶碳纤维包芯纱及其制备方法 |
US10682668B2 (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2020-06-16 | Japan Matex Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing a high-strength carbon fiber resin tape and the high-strength carbon fiber resin tape |
KR101859638B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 열가소성 탄소섬유 복합소재의 제조방법 |
WO2018181631A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-04 | ジャパンマテックス株式会社 | 接着剤又はサイジング剤 |
JP6782284B2 (ja) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-11-11 | ジャパンマテックス株式会社 | 充填材及びその製造方法 |
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CN110093684B (zh) * | 2018-01-31 | 2022-02-11 | 日本泰克斯株式会社 | 开纤碳纤维极细线的制造装置 |
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EP3214220A4 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
KR20170055468A (ko) | 2017-05-19 |
JPWO2016068210A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
US20170233611A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
JP6041416B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
KR101951574B1 (ko) | 2019-02-22 |
EP3214220A1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
EP3214220B1 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
WO2016068210A1 (ja) | 2016-05-06 |
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