CN106750489B - 发泡剂组合物和聚氨酯硬质泡沫 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明揭示了一种发泡剂组合物及聚氨酯硬质泡沫,发泡剂组合物包括:环戊烷12.5~13.5质量份;以及245fa 2~3质量份。与现有技术相比,本发明对发泡剂的配方进行了改进,在环戊烷的基础上增加了245fa,在保证冰箱隔热泡沫性能提升的基础上,降低隔热泡沫的密度和导热系数,极有效的节省冰箱发泡的成本和提升泡沫的性能,进而有效降低冰箱的能耗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡保温材料技术领域,特别是涉及一种发泡剂组合物和聚氨酯硬质泡沫。
背景技术
传统冰箱箱体的隔热保温材料基本都是由环戊烷单独作为发泡剂,再结合组合聚醚与异氰酸酯完成发泡,形成的聚氨酯硬质泡沫的密度高,导热系数相对也高,并且很难通过对配方的调整实现降低密度和导热系数。同时也很难保证隔热泡沫的其它性能发生变化,从而不能有效实现用户的期望需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一,提供一种能够降低冰箱隔热保温发泡层的密度和导热系数的发泡剂组合物。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种导热系数低的聚氨酯硬质泡沫。
其中,一种发泡剂组合物,包括:
环戊烷 11~12质量份;以及
245fa 5~6质量份。
作为本发明的进一步改进,一种发泡剂组合物,包括:
环戊烷 11.5质量份;以及
245fa 5.5质量份。
为实现上述又一发明目的,本发明提供一种聚氨酯硬质泡沫,包括:
组合聚醚 100质量份;
异氰酸酯 136~140质量份;
如权利要求1或2所述的发泡剂组合物 16~18质量份。
作为本发明的进一步改进,聚氨酯硬质泡沫,包括:
组合聚醚 100质量份;
异氰酸酯 138质量份;
如权利要求1或2所述的发泡剂组合物17质量份。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述组合聚醚由以下原料混合制成:
平均官能度为5.1、羟值为400~470mgKOH/g的聚醚多元醇60质量份;
平均官能度为3.9、羟值为465~490mgKOH/g的聚醚多元醇30质量份;
交联剂R350X 5质量份;
泡沫稳定剂 2.1质量份;
水 0.8质量份;
复合催化剂 1.5质量份;以及
阻燃剂 8质量份。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述复合催化剂为叔胺类与有机锡的复合催化剂。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述泡沫稳定剂为有机硅化合物。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述阻燃剂为有机磷酸酯类。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述245fa为1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷。
与现有技术相比,本发明对发泡剂的配方进行了改进,在环戊烷的基础上增加了245fa,在保证冰箱隔热泡沫性能提升的基础上,降低隔热泡沫的密度和导热系数,极有效的节省冰箱发泡的成本和提升泡沫的性能,进而有效降低冰箱的能耗。
附图说明
图1是本发明一具体实施方式中仅仅使用环戊烷作为发泡剂的聚氨酯硬质泡沫泡孔的SEM照片;
图2是本发明一具体实施方式中使用环戊烷/245fa作为发泡剂的聚氨酯硬质泡沫泡孔的SEM照片。
具体实施方式
以下将对本发明进行详细描述。但这些实施方式并不限制本发明,本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做的反应条件、反应物或原料用量上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
本发明的发泡剂组合物包括:11~12质量份的环戊烷(cp);5~6质量份的245fa。
其中,245fa为1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷。
245fa的物理性质
分子式 | CHF<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CF<sub>3</sub> |
分子量 | 134 |
沸点,℃ | 15 |
比重(25℃),g/cm3 | 1.32 |
闪点,℃ | 无 |
ODP | 0 |
GWP | 1030 |
本发明对现有发泡剂的配方进行了改进,在环戊烷的基础上增加适量的245fa,通过多元发泡剂的混配,在保证冰箱隔热泡沫性能提升的基础上,降低发泡体系材料的密度和导热系数,进而降低冰箱的能耗,减少发泡成本。
在本发明优选的实施例中,发泡剂组合物包括:11.5质量份的环戊烷(cp)和5.5质量份的245fa,使用该发泡剂组合物的发泡体系,此发泡体系可以将导热系数由环戊烷(cp)发泡体系材料的19.8mw/m.k左右降低到该发泡体系材料的18.3mw/m.k左右,密度由环戊烷(cp)体系的36Kg/m3降低到该发泡体系材料的32±1Kg/m3,极有效的节省冰箱发泡的成本和提升泡沫的性能,进而有效降低冰箱的能耗。
本发明的发泡剂组合物主要适用于以聚醚多元醇为基料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫发泡体系,制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫特别适用于冰箱、冰柜、热水器、电饭褒等家用电器类产品绝热保温,也可用于冷冻冷藏设备如冷藏车、冷冻集装箱、贮罐、冷库等。
本发明还提供了利用本发明实施例的发泡剂组合物制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫。聚氨酯硬质泡沫可包含100质量份的组合聚醚;136~140质量份的异氰酸酯;以及16~18质量份的前述发泡剂组合物。本发明通过对聚氨酯硬质泡沫的各组分的含量进行限定,选取更加适合于本发明的发泡剂组合物的组分含量,可进一步降低聚氨酯硬质泡沫的密度。
优选地,在本实施例中,聚氨酯硬质泡沫包含100质量份的组合聚醚;138质量份的异氰酸酯;以及17质量份的前述发泡剂组合物。
表1示出了根据本发明具体实施例的组合聚醚的组分和配比。其中泡沫稳定剂、复合催化剂、阻燃剂等可选为本技术领域常见的试剂。例如,复合催化剂可以选为叔胺类与有机锡的复合催化剂。泡沫稳定剂可以选为有机硅化合物或有机硅系化合物,其主要结构是:聚硅氧烷-氧化烯烃嵌段共聚物。阻燃剂可以选为有机磷酸酯类。本申请的发明人创造性地发现,由表1示出的组合聚醚相比具有其他组分和配比的组合聚醚而言,更加适合于本发明的发泡剂组合物。也就是说,利用本发明的发泡剂组合物、由表1示出的组合聚醚、以及本发明的配比制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,具有更好的性能。
表1
组份 | 质量份 |
聚醚多元醇,羟值400~470mgKOH/g,平均官能度5.1 | 60 |
聚醚多元醇,羟值465~490mgKOH/g,平均官能度3.9 | 30 |
交联剂R350X | 5 |
泡沫稳定剂 | 2.1 |
水 | 0.8 |
复合催化剂 | 1.5 |
阻燃剂 | 8 |
表2示出了根据本发明一个实施例的聚氨酯硬质泡沫的组分、配比以及原料的参数信息。参见表2,其中,组合聚醚根据表1的组分和配比进行选取。
表2
在本发明实施例中,组合聚醚的储存温度一般为15~23℃。发泡时,将组合聚醚和发泡剂组合物输送至预混室中进行预混,再与异氰酸酯混合后,使用高压发泡机注入到模腔中,完成发泡和填充。具体工艺参数可参见表3。
表3
表4示出了根据本发明一个具体实施例的发泡工艺。
表4
使用CP/245fa组分作为发泡剂的发泡体系的泡沫物理性能表5所示,其主要在密度、导热系数和泡沫的孔径方面有了很大的改进。
其中,聚氨酯发泡体系各主要组分的配比如下:
组合聚醚质量份:100
异氰酸酯质量份:136
环戊烷(CP)发泡剂质量份:11.5
245fa发泡剂质量份:5.5
表5
而在现有技术中,仅仅使用CP组分作为发泡剂的发泡体系的泡沫物理性能表6所示。
聚氨酯发泡体系各主要组分的配比如下:
组合聚醚多元醇质量份:100
异氰酸酯质量份:141
环戊烷(CP)发泡剂质量份:13。
表6
由表5和表6的测试结果对比可以看出,使用CP/245fa发泡剂组合物体系的聚氨酯硬质泡沫的物理性能主要在密度、导热系数和泡沫的孔径方面有了很大的改进。本发明由于在原有的cp(环戊烷)发泡体系中另外增加了245fa,且优化了二者的配比(CP/245fa为11.5/5.5),增加了该发泡体系料的流动性以及极大幅度的降低聚氨酯硬质泡沫的导热系数。具体地,聚氨酯硬质泡沫的导热系数由普通cp发泡体系的19.8mw/m.k左右降低到18.4mw/m.k左右,整体密度由cp发泡剂体系的36Kg/m3降低到CP/245FA发泡剂体系的30Kg/m3左右;泡孔范围的变化参图1和图2所示,CP/245FA发泡剂体系的泡孔尺寸更小且更加均匀。
本发明通过CP/245fa发泡剂的混配,在保证聚氨酯硬质泡沫性能提升的基础上,降低了聚氨酯硬质泡沫的密度和导热系数。根据本发明实施例的聚氨酯硬质泡沫特别适于冰箱,可极有效的节省冰箱发泡的成本和提升泡沫的性能,进而有效降低冰箱的能耗。
应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明,它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围,凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方式或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于,包括:
组合聚醚 100质量份;
异氰酸酯 136~140质量份;
发泡剂组合物 16~18质量份;
其中,所述组合聚醚由以下原料混合制成:
平均官能度为5.1、羟值为400~470mgKOH/g的聚醚多元醇 60质量份;
平均官能度为3.9、羟值为465~490mgKOH/g的聚醚多元醇 30质量份;
交联剂R350X 5质量份;
泡沫稳定剂 2.1质量份;
水 0.8质量份;
复合催化剂 1.5质量份;以及
阻燃剂 8质量份;
所述发泡剂组合物包括:
环戊烷 11~12质量份;以及
245fa 5~6质量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于,所述发泡剂组合物包括:
环戊烷 11.5质量份;以及
245fa 5.5质量份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于,聚氨酯硬质泡沫,包括:
组合聚醚 100质量份;
异氰酸酯 138质量份;
发泡剂组合物 17质量份。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于,所述复合催化剂为叔胺类与有机锡的复合催化剂。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于,所述泡沫稳定剂为有机硅化合物。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于,所述阻燃剂为有机磷酸酯类。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于,所述245fa为1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷。
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