CN106747396A - 一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(iii) oxide Chemical compound O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 20
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CuO Inorganic materials [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 CaCO of pure level3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001289 Manganese-zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015427 Mo2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JIYIUPFAJUGHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn++].[Zn++] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn++].[Zn++] JIYIUPFAJUGHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron zinc Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn] KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese zinc Chemical compound [Mn].[Zn] WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料及其制备方法,汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的主相为尖晶石结构,其原料主成份为52.0~53.0mol%的Fe2O3、17.0~20.5mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;其辅料为分析纯级的CuO、CaCO3、Ta2O5、In2O3、Bi2O3;当所述 Fe2O3含量增加,所述ZnO和CuO含量也相应增加。其工艺步骤为(1)配料,(2)混合,(3)预烧,(4)粉碎,(5)造粒,(6)压制成型和(7)烧结。本发明有效地克服了传统工艺存在的绝缘电阻低、耐电压低、包覆层不均匀、不致密等缺陷,采用本发明方法制作的高绝缘电阻FeSiCr金属软磁材料的绝缘电阻IR大于1GΩ,耐电压大于100V,磁导率为60(1±20%)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种应用于汽车电子或常规抗EMI共模滤波器的具有尖晶石结构的软磁铁氧体磁性材料及其制备方法,具体涉及一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,随着汽车电子不断向着高频方向发展,电磁干扰EMI问题也日益突现。电源噪声是电磁干扰(EMI)的一种,其传导噪声的频谱大致为10kHz~30MHz,最高可达150MHz。针对汽车电子的这种状况,相关的国际标准已经制订了相应的控制要求,电源端口和信号端口的传导EMI控制频率范围都为10kHz~108MHz。在常规的温度范围要求下,抗电磁干扰EMI方面,居里温度在140℃以内,磁导率在10000附近的锰锌高磁导率铁氧体磁心可作为廉价且实用的共模滤波器件,但由于汽车电子实际的温度范围要求为-40℃~150℃,原有的高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的居里温度不适合汽车电子共模滤波器的温度要求。而现有居里温度大于150℃锰锌铁氧体材料不是常温的磁导率太低就是磁导率的温度稳定性差。本发明“一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料及制备方法”就是针对汽车电子共模滤波器应用所开发的。
经过专利调研,发现已经有很多公开的高磁导率锰锌软磁铁氧体材料及制备方法的专利文献。如:公开号为CN 101259999A的“高磁导率软磁铁氧体材料及其制造方法”发明专利,讲述了高磁导率软磁铁氧体的原料组成为Fe2O3在50-56mol%,MnO在23-27mol%,ZnO在20-26mol%,以及副成份MoO3在0.12%,Bi2O3在0.15%以下,Nb2O5在0.01-0.1%之间,烧结保温温度为1350℃~1450℃,保温时间为5~6小时。公开号为CN 1677579A的“宽频锰锌系高磁导率软磁铁氧体材料”发明专利公开了一种宽频的Mn-Zn系高磁导率软磁铁氧体材料及其制备方法,该软磁铁氧体材料包含50-56mol% 的Fe2O3,20-30mol%的MnO和20-30mol%的ZnO,还包含两种或两种以上选自于如下一级物质的添加剂:TiO2、SnO2、BaTiO3、ZrO2、MgO、CaO、CoO、Nb2O5、V2O5、Li2O、Bi2O3、CuO和Mo2O3,以Fe2O3、MnO、ZnO的重量计,所术添加剂的重量百分含量为0.01~2.5%,预烧工序的温度控制在850-950℃的范围内,烧结工序是在氮气保护、1280-1330℃下进行的,其初始磁导率μ i≥10000,而截止频率fr≥400kHz。但以上两外专利材料的居里温度都小于140℃。专利号为ZL200910308782.4的发明涉及一种高初始磁导率高居里温度的Mn-Zn铁氧体材料,其组成包括主成份和辅助成份,所述主成份组成为:氧化铁为50-55mol%、氧化锌为15-25mol%、其余为氧化锰;按主成份总重量计的辅助成份包括:氧化钙50-400ppm、氧化铋50-1000ppm和氧化钼50-800ppm;该发明的Mn-Zn铁氧体材料具有起始磁导率μ i为8000-12000,居里温度大于170℃的特点。ZL200910308782.4专利材料虽然解决了居里温度低的问题,但当常温的磁导率在大于9000以上时,在25℃到100℃的区间内材料的磁导率温度稳定性不够理想,制成的器件随温度的变化性能不稳定。
因此汽车电子抗EMI用的共模滤波器需要开发一种居里温度大于150℃、磁导率-温度稳定性好的锰锌软磁铁氧体材料。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料及其制备方法,以满足汽车电子抗EMI在高温150度时的需求,采用本发明方法制备的锰锌高磁导率铁氧体材料用于汽车电子抗EMI有以下几个特点:一、居里温度T c大于150℃;二、起始磁导率μ i =10000±2000;三、材料磁导率-温度特性在25℃~80℃范围内稳定性好,80℃与25℃起始磁导率的相对温度因数α F为(-0.5~0.6)×10-6/℃,磁导率二峰与一峰间的谷点值大于8000;四、材料的磁导率-频率特性优良,截止频率f r≥400kHz, 200kHz的磁导率是10kHz的90%以上,高频(500kHz~10MHz)阻抗特性优秀。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料,其主相为尖晶石结构,其原料主成份为52.0~53.0mol%的Fe2O3、17.0~20.5mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;其辅料为分析纯级的CuO、CaCO3、Ta2O5、In2O3、Bi2O3;当所述 Fe2O3含量增加,所述ZnO和CuO含量也相应增加。
作为一种优选,所述Fe2O3的纯度>99.2%,所述Mn3O4的纯度>71.0%,ZnO的纯度>99.5%。
作为一种优选,其原料主成份Fe2O3为52.4~52.8mol%;辅料CuO为0.04~0.1wt%。
如附图1所示,主成份在如图1中所示近似矩形的粗实线上取值,辅料为0.02~0.08wt%的CuO,更重要的是本发明要求:随着Fe2O3含量的增加,ZnO和CuO含量都要相应增加,在如图1所示的粗实线上取值,Fe2O3含量与ZnO的含量基本线性相关。
一种制作如上所述的汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,工艺步骤为(1)配料,(2)混合,(3)预烧,(4)粉碎,(5)造粒,(6)压制成型和(7)烧结;具体步骤如下:
一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法如下:
(1)配料:本发明的主成份为52.0~53.0mol%的Fe2O3、17.0~20.5mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;根据总设定质量、相应摩尔比和各原料的纯度计算出所需原材料的质量,MnO要转化为Mn3O4的质量,并称取各原材料,再根据总设定质量称取0.01~0.15wt%CuO辅料;
(2)混合:用振磨机使步骤(1)的各原辅材料充分混合,混合30分钟;
(3)预烧:将步骤(2)混合完成的原料在箱式炉或回转窑内在空气气氛中焙烧,焙烧温度为850~950℃,保温30~100分钟;
(4)粉碎:在步骤(3)制作的预烧料中添加0.01~0.15wt%CaCO3、0.005~0.08wt%Ta2O5、0.01~0.08wt%In2O3、0.01~0.08wt%Bi2O3辅料后用卧式珠磨机进行粉碎;
(5)造粒:将步骤(4)制备完成的料浆用喷雾或机械设备进行造粒;
(6)压制成型:将步骤(5)的颗粒料用全自动干粉压机压制成型为相应的产品坯件,成型的产品坯件密度控制在2.95~3.1g/cm3;
(7)烧结:将步骤(6)压制成型的产品毛坯按一定的摆放方式排列后放入钟罩炉内在平衡氧气氛下和终烧温度为1300℃~1400℃的条件下烧结,保温1~5小时。
作为一种优选,所述预烧步骤(3)中弥散剂采用纯水,卧式珠磨机中的介质采用Φ0.4~0.55mm的锆球,卧式珠磨最终使料浆粒径控制在0.3μm≤D50≤0.6μm、0.5μm≤体平均粒径≤0.8μm。
作为一种优选,所述烧结步骤(7)用氮气保护的平衡氧分压气氛,为进一步减小锌的挥发,高温段的总气流量控制在10%~30%。
作为一种优选,所述烧结步骤(7)采用阶梯保温升温的方法,1250℃保温1小时,1300℃保温1小时,1350℃保温1小时,终烧结的温度控制在1380℃±15℃,保温2~4小时,保温氧气含量为3.0~7.0%,升温段的800℃到降温段的900℃之间的总气流量控制在15%~20%。
作为一种优选,升温段和降温段的温度工序如下:
(1)升温、保温段温度工序
20℃~150℃:5℃/分钟;
150℃~300℃:1.5℃/分钟,300℃保温1小时;
300℃~600℃:3℃/分钟;
900℃~1250℃:5℃/分钟,1250℃保温1小时;
1250℃~1300℃:2.5℃/分钟,1300℃保温1小时;
1300℃~1350℃:2.5℃/分钟,1350℃保温1小时;
1350℃~1380℃±15℃:4℃/分钟,1380℃±15℃保温2~4小时;
(2)降温段温度工序
1380℃±15℃~1200℃:5℃/分钟;
1200℃~800℃:4℃/分钟;
800℃~500℃:2℃/分钟;
400℃~100℃:1.5℃/分钟。
本发明锰锌铁氧体属于混合尖晶石结构的材料,材料的居里温度直接受配方中铁锌比的影响,要想保证材料的居里温度高就必须用高铁低锌含量的配方。但由于高磁导率锰锌软磁铁氧体材料的磁导率二峰位置设计在常温附近,铁含量的提高会使材料中Fe2+的含量上升,直接导致材料磁导率二峰值与一峰间的谷点值差异加大,使材料磁导率温度稳定性恶化;另外抗EMI要求材料的磁导率-频率特性良好,既要求材料的起始磁导率高又要求材料的磁导率的截止频率高于400kHz。针对以上两个矛盾,本发明在应用高铁低锌配方的基础上,一、以低熔点的Bi2O3和CuO组合降低烧结温度的同时,用适量的Cu2+切实降低Fe2+和Mn3+的浓度,从而提高材料电阻率降低材料损耗,降低材料中Mn2+被氧化的风险提高磁导率;二、用In2O3和Ta2O5组合控制高温烧结时的晶粒生长,促进晶粒的细化和均匀生长,提高磁导率的截止频率,另外,利用In3+在还原气氛下易生成In2+的特性进一步降低Fe2+浓度,提高材料的磁导率-温度稳定性;三、应用多台阶式升温、低终烧结温度、短的终烧保温时间和低气流量的烧结工艺,以促进材料晶粒的均匀生长和细化,在提起始高磁导率的同时提高材料的磁导率的截止频率。
本发明的有益效果是: 本发明满足了汽车电子抗EMI在高温150度时的需求,采用本发明方法制备的锰锌高磁导率铁氧体材料用于汽车电子抗EMI有以下几个特点:一、居里温度T c大于150℃;二、起始磁导率μ i =10000±2000;三、材料磁导率-温度特性在25℃~80℃范围内稳定性好,80℃与25℃起始磁导率的相对温度因数α F为(-0.5~0.6)×10-6/℃,磁导率二峰与一峰间的谷点值大于8000;四、材料的磁导率-频率特性优良,截止频率f r≥400kHz, 200kHz的磁导率是10kHz的90%以上,高频(500kHz~10MHz)阻抗特性优秀。本以明材料配方和工艺成本低、制作的材料性能稳定一致性好,特别适于批量生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例主成份优化方案三相图的取值区域图。
图2为本发明实施例一、二、三样品磁导率-温度特性图。
图3为本发明对比例一与实施例三样品磁导率-温度特性对比图。
图4为本发明对比例二与实施例二样品磁导率-温度特性对比图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例,并结合对比例,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明。
一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料, 其主相为尖晶石结构,其原料主成份为52.0~53.0mol%的Fe2O3、17.0~20.5mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;其辅料为分析纯级的CuO、CaCO3、Ta2O5、In2O3、Bi2O3,其中辅料CuO为0.04~0.1wt%。所用原料Fe2O3(纯度>99.2%)、Mn3O4(锰的纯度>71.0%)、ZnO(纯度>99.5%);所述ZnO和CuO的含量与Fe2O3的含量成正比。
实施例一
第一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
1)配料:主成份为52.74mol%的Fe2O3、20.29mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;根据总设定质量、相应摩尔比和各原料的纯度计算出所需原材料的质量,MnO要转化为Mn3O4的质量,并称取各原材料,再根据总设定质量称取0.08wt%CuO辅料;
2)混合:用振磨机使步骤1)的各原辅材料混合30分钟;
3)预烧:将步骤2)混合完成的原料在箱式炉或回转窑内在880℃下预烧结2小时;
4)粉碎:在步骤3)制作的预烧料中添加0.05wt%CaCO3、0.02wt%Ta2O5、0.02wt%In2O3、0.01wt%Bi2O3辅料后用卧式珠磨机进行循环粉碎,按料∶弥散剂=1∶1的比例加入预烧料、弥散剂制成料浆,弥散剂用纯水,卧式珠磨机中的介质用Φ0.5 mm锆球,料浆粒径控制要求:0.3 μm≤D50≤0.6μm、0.5μm≤体平均粒径≤0.8μm;
5)造粒:将步骤4)制备完成的料浆用喷雾或机械设备进行造粒;
6)压制成型:将步骤5)的颗粒料用全自动干粉压机制成T25×15×7.5坯件;
7)烧结:将步骤6)压制成型的T25×15×7.5毛坯按一定的摆放方式排列后放入钟罩内在平衡氧气氛和终烧温度为1370℃的条件下烧结,烧结程序如下:
(1)升温段保温段温度程序
20℃~150℃:5℃/分钟;
150℃~300℃:1.5℃/分钟,300℃保温1小时;
300℃~600℃:3℃/分钟;
900℃~1250℃:5℃/分钟,1250℃保温1小时;
1250℃~1300℃:2.5℃/分钟,1300℃保温1小时;
1300℃~1350℃:2.5℃/分钟,1350℃保温1小时;
1350℃~1370℃:4℃/分钟,1370℃保温2小时。
(2)降温段温度程序
1370℃~1200℃:5℃/分钟
1200℃~800℃:4℃/分钟
800℃~500℃:2℃/分钟
400℃~100℃:1.5℃/分钟
(3)各温度段的氧含量
20℃~800℃对应20.9%~20.9%;
800℃~900℃~1200℃~1250℃对应20.9%~0.2%~0.2%~3.5%;
1250℃~1350℃对应3.5%~5.0%;
1350℃~1370℃对应5.0%~6.0%;
1370℃~1200℃对应6.0%~0.8%;
1200℃~1100℃对应0.8%~0.02%;
1100℃~1000℃对应0.02%~0.005%;
1000℃~100℃对应0.005%~0.005%。
(4)各温度段的气流量
升温段20℃~800℃对应68%~68%;
升温段900℃~降温段800℃对应20 %~20%;
降温段800℃~100℃对应100 %~100%。
实施例二
第二种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
1)配料:主成份为52.7mol%的Fe2O3、19.3mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;根据总设定质量、相应摩尔比和各原料的纯度计算出所需原材料的质量,MnO要转化为Mn3O4的质量,并称取各原材料,再根据总设定质量称取0.06wt%CuO辅料;
2)混合:用振磨机使步骤1)的各原辅材料混合30分钟;
3)预烧:将步骤2)混合完成的原料在箱式炉或回转窑内在900℃下预烧结2小时;
4)粉碎:在步骤3)制作的预烧料中添加0.06wt%CaCO3、0.02wt%Ta2O5、0.02wt%In2O3、0.02wt%Bi2O3辅料后用卧式珠磨机进行循环粉碎,按料∶弥散剂=1∶1的比例加入预烧料、弥散剂制成料浆,弥散剂用纯水,卧式珠磨机中的介质用Φ0.5 mm锆球,料浆粒径控制要求:0.3 μm≤D50≤0.6μm、0.5μm≤体平均粒径≤0.8μm;
5)造粒:将步骤4)制备完成的料浆用喷雾或机械设备进行造粒;
6)压制成型:将步骤5)的颗粒料用全自动干粉压机制成T25×15×7.5坯件;
7)烧结:将步骤6)压制成型的T25×15×7.5毛坯按一定的摆放方式排列后放入钟罩内在平衡氧气氛和终烧温度为1380℃的条件下烧结,烧结程序如下:
(1)升温段保温段温度程序
20℃~150℃:5℃/分钟;
150℃~300℃:1.5℃/分钟,300℃保温1小时;
300℃~600℃:3℃/分钟;
900℃~1250℃:5℃/分钟,1250℃保温1小时;
1250℃~1300℃:2.5℃/分钟,1300℃保温1小时;
1300℃~1350℃:2.5℃/分钟,1350℃保温1小时;
1350℃~1380℃:4℃/分钟,1380℃保温2小时。
(2)降温段温度程序
1380℃~1200℃:5℃/分钟
1200℃~800℃:4℃/分钟
800℃~500℃:2℃/分钟
400℃~100℃:1.5℃/分钟
(3)各温度段的氧含量
20℃~800℃对应20.9%~20.9%;
800℃~900℃~1200℃~1250℃对应20.9%~0.2%~0.2%~4.0%;
1250℃~1350℃对应4.0%~5.0%;
1350℃~1380℃对应5.0%~6.0%;
1380℃~1200℃对应6.0%~0.85%;
1200℃~1100℃对应0.85%~0.025%;
1100℃~1000℃对应0.025%~0.005%;
1000℃~100℃对应0.005%~0.005%。
(4)各温度段的气流量
升温段20℃~800℃对应68%~68%;
升温段900℃~降温段800℃对应20 %~20%;
降温段800℃~100℃对应100 %~100%。
实施例三
第三种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
1)配料:主成份为52.66mol%的Fe2O3、18.3mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;根据总设定质量、相应摩尔比和各原料的纯度计算出所需原材料的质量,MnO要转化为Mn3O4的质量,并称取各原材料,再根据总设定质量称取0.04wt%CuO辅料;
2)混合:用振磨机使步骤1)的各原辅材料混合30分钟;
3)预烧:将步骤2)混合完成的原料在箱式炉或回转窑内在950℃下预烧结2小时;
4)粉碎:在步骤3)制作的预烧料中添加0.07wt%CaCO3、0.02wt%Ta2O5、0.01wt%In2O3、0.02wt%Bi2O3辅料后用卧式珠磨机进行循环粉碎,按料∶弥散剂=1∶1的比例加入预烧料、弥散剂制成料浆,弥散剂用纯水,卧式珠磨机中的介质用Φ0.5 mm锆球,料浆粒径控制要求:0.3 μm≤D50≤0.6μm、0.5μm≤体平均粒径≤0.8μm;
5)造粒:将步骤4)制备完成的料浆用喷雾或机械设备进行造粒;
6)压制成型:将步骤5)的颗粒料用全自动干粉压机制成T25×15×7.5坯件;
7)烧结:将步骤6)压制成型的T25×15×7.5毛坯按一定的摆放方式排列后放入钟罩内在平衡氧气氛下和终烧温度为1390℃的条件下烧结,烧结程序如下:
(1)升温段保温段温度程序
20℃~150℃:5℃/分钟;
150℃~300℃:1.5℃/分钟,300℃保温1小时;
300℃~600℃:3℃/分钟;
900℃~1250℃:5℃/分钟,1250℃保温1小时;
1250℃~1300℃:2.5℃/分钟,1300℃保温1小时;
1300℃~1350℃:2.5℃/分钟,1350℃保温1小时;
1350℃~1390℃:4℃/分钟,1390℃保温2小时。
(2)降温段温度程序
1390℃~1200℃:5℃/分钟
1200℃~800℃:4℃/分钟
800℃~500℃:2℃/分钟
400℃~100℃:1.5℃/分钟
(3)各温度段的氧含量
20℃~800℃对应20.9%~20.9%;
800℃~900℃~1200℃~1250℃对应20.9%~0.2%~0.2%~4.0%;
1250℃~1350℃对应4.0%~5.0%;
1350℃~1390℃对应5.0%~6.0%;
1390℃~1200℃对应6.0%~1.0%;
1200℃~1100℃对应1.0%~0.03%;
1100℃~1000℃对应0.03%~0.005%;
1000℃~100℃对应0.005%~0.005%。
(4)各温度段的气流量
升温段20℃~800℃对应68%~68%;
升温段900℃~降温段800℃对应20 %~20%;
降温段800℃~100℃对应100 %~100%。
对比例一
所用原料为Fe2O3(纯度>99.2%)、Mn3O4(锰的纯度>71.0%)、ZnO(纯度>99.5%),辅料为分析纯级的CaCO3、Ta2O5、In2O3、Bi2O3,对比例一的原辅料标准、批次与实施例的相同。
1)配料:主成份为52.66mol%的Fe2O3、18.3mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;根据总设定质量、相应摩尔比和各原料的纯度计算出所需原材料的质量,MnO要转化为Mn3O4的质量,并称取各原材料,不添加CuO辅料;
2)混合:用振磨机使步骤1)的各原辅材料混合30分钟;
3)预烧:将步骤2)混合完成的原料在箱式炉或回转窑内在950℃下预烧结2小时;
4)粉碎:在步骤3)制作的预烧料中添加0.07wt%CaCO3、0.02wt%Ta2O5、0.01wt%In2O3、0.02wt%Bi2O3辅料后用卧式珠磨机进行循环粉碎,按料∶弥散剂=1∶1的比例加入预烧料、弥散剂制成料浆,弥散剂用纯水,卧式珠磨机中的介质用Φ0.5 mm锆球,料浆粒径控制要求:0.3 μm≤D50≤0.6μm、0.5μm≤体平均粒径≤0.8μm;
5)造粒:将步骤4)制备完成的料浆用喷雾或机械设备进行造粒;
6)压制成型:将步骤5)的颗粒料用全自动干粉压机制成T25×15×7.5坯件;
7)烧结:将步骤6)压制成型的T25×15×7.5毛坯按一定的摆放方式排列后放入钟罩内在平衡氧气氛下和终烧温度为1390℃的条件下烧结,烧结程序与实施例三的相同。
对比例二
所用原料为Fe2O3(纯度>99.2%)、Mn3O4(锰的纯度>71.0%)、ZnO(纯度>99.5%),辅料为分析纯级的CuO、CaCO3、Ta2O5、In2O3、Bi2O3,对比例二的原辅料标准、批次与实施例的相同。
1)配料:主成份为53.2mol%的Fe2O3、20.3mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;根据总设定质量、相应摩尔比和各原料的纯度计算出所需原材料的质量,MnO要转化为Mn3O4的质量,并称取各原材料,再根据总设定质量称取0.06wt%CuO辅料;
2)混合:用振磨机使步骤1)的各原辅材料混合30分钟;
3)预烧:将步骤2)混合完成的原料在箱式炉或回转窑内在950℃下预烧结2小时;
4)粉碎:在步骤3)制作的预烧料中添加0.07wt%CaCO3、0.02wt%Ta2O5、0.01wt%In2O3、0.02wt%Bi2O3辅料后用卧式珠磨机进行循环粉碎,按料∶弥散剂=1∶1的比例加入预烧料、弥散剂制成料浆,弥散剂用纯水,卧式珠磨机中的介质用Φ0.5 mm锆球,料浆粒径控制要求:0.3 μm≤D50≤0.6μm、0.5μm≤体平均粒径≤0.8μm;
5)造粒:将步骤4)制备完成的料浆用喷雾或机械设备进行造粒;
6)压制成型:将步骤5)的颗粒料用全自动干粉压机制成T25×15×7.5坯件;
7)烧结:将步骤6)压制成型的T25×15×7.5毛坯按一定的摆放方式排列后放入钟罩内在平衡氧气氛下和终烧温度为1380℃的条件下烧结,烧结程序与实施例二的相同。
按相应的要求对样品进行测试后整理,各实施例的性能如表1和图2、图3、图4所示。
表1 实施例对比例材料样品的磁性能测试记录
通过表1中的数据对比和图2、图3、图4可知:实施例一、二、三按专利的要求选取配方和工艺,产品的性能符合设计指标的要求;对比例一中由于没有在配方时加入CuO,25℃~80℃的相对温度因数α F太大,导致80℃的磁导率过低,大约在6000附近,材料的磁导率-温度稳定性差,不符合设计要求;对比例二,主成份中氧化铁的含量超出专利要求的范围,材料的二峰位置不在常温附近,而偏向于低温,导致常温的磁导率不到8000,80℃附近的磁导率更低,根本不能满足设计要求,即使其他性能符合要求,也已经没有实际意义。
Claims (8)
1.一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料,其特征在于:其主相为尖晶石结构,其原料主成份为52.0~53.0mol%的Fe2O3、17.0~20.5mol%的ZnO,其余为MnO;其辅料为分析纯级的CuO、CaCO3、Ta2O5、In2O3、Bi2O3;当所述 Fe2O3含量增加,所述ZnO和CuO含量也相应增加。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料,其特征在于:所述Fe2O3的纯度>99.2%,所述Mn3O4的纯度>71.0%,ZnO的纯度>99.5%。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料,其特征在于:
其原料主成份Fe2O3为52.4~52.8mol%;辅料CuO为0.04~0.1wt%。
4.一种制作如权利要求1所述的汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,工艺步骤为(1)配料,(2)混合,(3)预烧,(4)粉碎,(5)造粒,(6)压制成型和(7)烧结;其特征在于:
(4)粉碎:在步骤(3)预烧的料浆中添加0.01~0.15wt% CaCO3、0.005~0.08wt% Ta2O5、0.01~0.08wt% In2O3、0.01~0.08wt% Bi2O3辅料后,用卧式珠磨机进行粉碎;
(7)烧结:将步骤(6)压制成型的产品坯件按一定的摆放方式排列后,放入气氛式钟罩炉内进行烧结,终烧结温度为1360~1400℃,保温1~5小时。
5.如权利要求4所述的汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述预烧步骤(3)中弥散剂采用纯水,卧式珠磨机中的介质采用Φ0.4~0.55mm的锆球,卧式珠磨最终使料浆粒径控制在0.3μm≤D50≤0.6μm、0.5μm≤体平均粒径≤0.8μm。
6.如权利要求4的汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述烧结步骤(7)用氮气保护的平衡氧分压气氛,为进一步减小锌的挥发,高温段的总气流量控制在10%~30%。
7.如权利要求6的汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述烧结步骤(7)采用阶梯保温升温的方法,1250℃保温1小时,1300℃保温1小时,1350℃保温1小时,终烧结的温度控制在1380℃±15℃,保温2~4小时,保温氧气含量为3.0~7.0%,升温段的800℃到降温段的900℃之间的总气流量控制在15%~20%。
8.如权利要求7的汽车电子用高磁导率锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,升温段和降温段的温度工序如下:
(1)升温、保温段温度工序
20℃~150℃:5℃/分钟;
150℃~300℃:1.5℃/分钟,300℃保温1小时;
300℃~600℃:3℃/分钟;
900℃~1250℃:5℃/分钟,1250℃保温1小时;
1250℃~1300℃:2.5℃/分钟,1300℃保温1小时;
1300℃~1350℃:2.5℃/分钟,1350℃保温1小时;
1350℃~1380℃±15℃:4℃/分钟,1380℃±15℃保温2~4小时;
(2)降温段温度工序
1380℃±15℃~1200℃:5℃/分钟;
1200℃~800℃:4℃/分钟;
800℃~500℃:2℃/分钟;
400℃~100℃:1.5℃/分钟。
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