CN106729117A - 一种治疗尿路感染的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗尿路感染的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106729117A
CN106729117A CN201710130332.5A CN201710130332A CN106729117A CN 106729117 A CN106729117 A CN 106729117A CN 201710130332 A CN201710130332 A CN 201710130332A CN 106729117 A CN106729117 A CN 106729117A
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董新芳
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗尿路感染的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由地榆、槐角、半支莲、白花蛇舌草、大青叶、木槿花、滑石、车前草、白毛草、甘草、蒲公英、连翘、墨旱莲、续断、川牛膝、黄柏、知母、栀子、金银花、金钱草、白茅根、丹参、香附、大腹皮、浮萍按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有利尿通淋,清热解毒,祛湿解暑,滋阴降火,润燥滑肠的功能,用于治疗尿路感染见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗尿路感染的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗尿路感染的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
尿路感染是由细菌直接侵袭所引起。尿路感染分为上尿路感染和下尿路感染,上尿路感染指的是肾盂肾炎,下尿路感染包括尿道炎和膀胱炎。肾盂肾炎又分为急性肾盂肾炎和慢性肾盂肾炎。好发于女性。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗尿路感染的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗尿路感染的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗尿路感染的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择地榆、槐角、半支莲、白花蛇舌草、大青叶、木槿花、滑石、车前草、白毛草、甘草、蒲公英、连翘、墨旱莲、续断、川牛膝、黄柏、知母、栀子、金银花、金钱草、白茅根、丹参、香附、大腹皮、浮萍进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗尿路感染。其中选用地榆是因为其性味苦酸,寒,入肝、大肠经,有凉血止血,清热解毒的功能,治吐血,衄血,血痢,崩漏,肠风,痔漏,痈肿,湿疹,金疮,烧伤。选用槐角是因为其性味苦,寒,入肝、大肠经,有清热,润肝,凉血,止血的功能,治肠风泻血,痔血,崩漏,血淋,血痢,心胸烦闷,风眩欲倒,阴疮湿痒。选用半支莲是因为其性味苦,寒,有清热,解毒的功能,治咽喉肿痛,烫伤,跌打损伤,湿疮。选用白花蛇舌草是因为其性味苦甘,寒,入心、肝、脾三经,有清热,利湿,解毒的功能,治肺热喘咳,扁桃体炎,咽喉炎,阑尾炎,痢疾,黄疸,盆腔炎,附件炎,痈肿疔疮,毒蛇咬伤。选用大青叶是因为其性味苦,寒,入肝、心、胃经,有清热,解毒,凉血,止血的功能,治温病热盛烦渴,流行性感冒,急性传染性肝炎,菌痢,急性胃肠炎,急性肺炎,丹毒,吐血,衄血,黄疸,痢疾,喉痹,口疮,痈疽肿毒。选用木槿花是因为其性味甘苦,凉,入脾、肺二经,有清热,利湿,凉血的功能,治肠风泻血,痢疾,白带。选用滑石是因为其性味甘、淡,寒,归膀胱、肺、胃经,有利尿通淋,清热解毒,祛湿解暑的功能,治热淋、石淋,尿热涩痛,暑湿烦渴,湿热水泻,外治湿疹,湿疮,痱子。选用车前草是因为其性味甘,寒,入肝、脾二经,有利水,清热,明目,祛痰的功能,治小便不通,淋浊,带下,尿血,黄疸,水肿,热痢,泄泻,鼻衄,目赤肿痛,喉痹乳蛾,咳嗽,皮肤溃疡。选用白毛草是因为其性味苦,温,治小关节疼痛。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痈,生用治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用蒲公英是因为其性味苦甘,寒,入肝、胃经,有清热解毒,利尿散结的功能,治急性乳腺炎,淋巴腺炎,瘰疬,疔毒疮肿,急性结膜炎,感冒发热,急性扁桃体炎,急性支气管炎,胃炎,肝炎,胆囊炎,尿路感染。选用连翘是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、肝、胆经,有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能,治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。选用墨旱莲是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、肾经,有凉血,止血,补肾,益阴的功能,治吐血,咳血,衄血,尿血,便血,血痢,刀伤出血,须发早白,白喉,淋浊,滞下,阴部湿痒。选用续断是因为其性味苦辛,微温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,续筋骨,调血脉的功能,治腰背酸痛,足膝无力,胎漏,崩漏,带下,遗精,跌打损伤,金疮,痔漏,痈疽疮肿。选用川牛膝是因为其性味平,味苦微苦,无毒,入肝、肾二经,有祛风,利湿,通经,活血的功能,治风湿腰膝疼痛,脚痿筋挛,血淋,尿血,妇女经闭,癥瘕。选用黄柏是因为其性味苦,寒,入肺、胃、肾经,有滋阴降火,润燥滑肠的功能,治烦热消渴,骨蒸劳热,肺热咳嗽,大便燥结,小便不利。选用知母是因为其性味苦,寒,入肺、胃、肾经,有滋阴降火,润燥滑肠的功能,治烦热消渴,骨蒸劳热,肺热咳嗽,大便燥结,小便不利。选用栀子是因为其性味苦,寒,入心、肝、肺、胃经,有清热,泻火,凉血的功能,治热病虚烦不眠,黄疸,淋病,消渴,目赤,咽痛,吐血,衄血,血痢,尿血,热毒疮疡,扭伤肿痛。选用金银花是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、胃经,有清热,解毒的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,痈疡,肿毒,瘰疬,痔漏。选用金钱草是因为其性味苦辛,凉,有清热,利尿,镇咳,消肿,解毒的功能,治黄疸,水肿,膀胱结石,疟疾,肺痈,咳嗽,吐血,淋浊,带下,风湿痹痛,小儿疳积,惊癎,痈肿,疮癣,湿疹。选用白茅根是因为其性味甘、寒,入肺、胃、小肠经,有凉血,止血,清热,利尿的功能,治热病烦渴,吐血,衄血,肺热喘急,胃热哕逆,淋病,小便不利,水肿,黄疸。选用丹参是因为其性味苦,微温,入心、肝经,有活血去瘀,安神宁心,排脓,止痛的功能,治心绞痛,月经不调,痛经,以闭,血崩带下,癥瘕,积聚,瘀血腹痛,骨节疼痛,惊悸不眠,恶疮肿毒。选用香附是因为其性味辛微苦干,平,入肝、三焦经,有理气解郁,止痛调经的功能,治肝胃不和,气郁不舒,胸腹胁肋胀痛,痰饮痞满,月经不调,崩漏带下。选用大腹皮是因为其性味辛,微温,入脾、胃、大小肠经,有下气宽中,行水的功能,治脘腹痞胀,脚气,水肿。选用浮萍是因为其性味辛,寒,入肺经,有发汗,祛风,行水,清热,解毒的功能,治时行热病,斑疹不透,风热瘾疹,皮肤瘙痒,水肿,癃闭,疮癣,丹毒,烫伤。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
地榆25-35克,槐角25-35克,半支莲25-35克,白花蛇舌草25-35克,大青叶15-25克,木槿花10-20克,滑石10-20克,车前草10-20克,白毛草15-25克,甘草5-10克,蒲公英10-20克,连翘5-15克,墨旱莲5-15克,续断10-14克,川牛膝10-14克,黄柏5-15克,知母5-15克,栀子5-10克,金银花15-25克,金钱草15-25克,白茅根10-20克,丹参10-14克,香附4-8克,大腹皮5-15克,浮萍10-20克。
优选为:
地榆30克,槐角30克,半支莲30克,白花蛇舌草30克,大青叶20克,木槿花15克,滑石15克,车前草15克,白毛草20克,甘草5克,蒲公英15克,连翘10克,墨旱莲10克,续断12克,川牛膝12克,黄柏10克,知母10克,栀子5克,金银花20克,金钱草20克,白茅根15克,丹参12克,香附6克,大腹皮10克,浮萍15克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、地榆:拣去杂质,用水洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切成厚片,晒干;
2、槐角:取原药材,除去杂质,晒干;
3、半支莲:拣净杂质,除去根茎,晾干;
4、白花蛇舌草:取原药材,除去杂质,抢水洗净,稍晾,切段,干燥,筛去灰屑;
5、大青叶:拣去杂质及枯叶,洗净,稍润,切段,晒干;
6、木槿花:拣净杂质,晒干;
7、滑石:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,干燥;
8、车前草:去尽泥土,晒干;
9、白毛草:夏季采收,晒干;
10、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
11、蒲公英:拣去杂质,洗净泥土,切段,晒干;
12、连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
13、墨旱莲:拣净杂质,除去残根,洗净闷透,切段晒干;
14、续断:洗净泥沙,除去残留根头,润透后切片晒干,筛去屑;
15、川牛膝:拣去杂质,晾干;
16、黄柏:拣去杂质,用水洗净,捞出,润透,切片或切丝,晒干;
17、知母:拣净杂质,用水撞洗,捞出,润软,切片晒干;
18、栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
19、金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
20、金钱草:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,晒干;
21、白茅根:拣净杂质,洗净,微润,切段,晒干,簸净碎屑;
22、丹参:拣净杂质,除去根茎,洗净,捞出,润透后切片,晾干;
23、香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
24、大腹皮:拣净杂质,碾轧使软,敲打,筛去泥屑;
25、浮萍:6-9月间捞取,晒干。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的地榆、槐角、半支莲、白花蛇舌草、大青叶、木槿花、滑石、车前草、白毛草、甘草、蒲公英、连翘、墨旱莲、续断、川牛膝、黄柏、知母、栀子、金银花、金钱草、白茅根、丹参、香附、大腹皮、浮萍放入煎药容器内,加水7倍量,浸泡120分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水5倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为3剂服用。
组方中滑石有利尿通淋,清热解毒,祛湿解暑的功能为君药;蒲公英有清热解毒,利尿散结的功能;连翘有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥利尿通淋,清热解毒,祛湿解暑,散结的作用,治疗尿路感染效力全面,且以利尿通淋,清热解毒为主可治本,黄柏有滋阴降火,润燥滑肠的功能为佐药,白茅根有凉血,止血,清热,利尿的功能为使药,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有利尿通淋,清热解毒,祛湿解暑,滋阴降火,润燥滑肠的功能,用于治疗尿路感染,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治尿路感染门诊患者共43例。
2、诊断标准
尿路感染常见的排尿异常是尿频、尿急、尿痛,也可见到尿失禁和尿潴留。尿路感染可引起尿液的异常改变,常见的有细菌尿、脓尿、血尿和气尿等。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:尿路感染症状消失,恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:尿路感染症状明显好转,尿频、尿急、尿痛症状缓解,感染症状逐步恢复;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗尿路感染患者43例,结果显效35例,显效率为81.4%,好转6例,好转率为13.9%,无效2例,总有效率为95.3%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗尿路感染的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
地榆25-35克,槐角25-35克,半支莲25-35克,白花蛇舌草25-35克,大青叶15-25克,木槿花10-20克,滑石10-20克,车前草10-20克,白毛草15-25克,甘草5-10克,蒲公英10-20克,连翘5-15克,墨旱莲5-15克,续断10-14克,川牛膝10-14克,黄柏5-15克,知母5-15克,栀子5-10克,金银花15-25克,金钱草15-25克,白茅根10-20克,丹参10-14克,香附4-8克,大腹皮5-15克,浮萍10-20克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
地榆30克,槐角30克,半支莲30克,白花蛇舌草30克,大青叶20克,木槿花15克,滑石15克,车前草15克,白毛草20克,甘草5克,蒲公英15克,连翘10克,墨旱莲10克,续断12克,川牛膝12克,黄柏10克,知母10克,栀子5克,金银花20克,金钱草20克,白茅根15克,丹参12克,香附6克,大腹皮10克,浮萍15克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)地榆:拣去杂质,用水洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切成厚片,晒干;
(2)槐角:取原药材,除去杂质,晒干;
(3)半支莲:拣净杂质,除去根茎,晾干;
(4)白花蛇舌草:取原药材,除去杂质,抢水洗净,稍晾,切段,干燥,筛去灰屑;
(5)大青叶:拣去杂质及枯叶,洗净,稍润,切段,晒干;
(6)木槿花:拣净杂质,晒干;
(7)滑石:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,干燥;
(8)车前草:去尽泥土,晒干;
(9)白毛草:夏季采收,晒干;
(10)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
(11)蒲公英:拣去杂质,洗净泥土,切段,晒干;
(12)连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
(13)墨旱莲:拣净杂质,除去残根,洗净闷透,切段晒干;
(14)续断:洗净泥沙,除去残留根头,润透后切片晒干,筛去屑;
(15)川牛膝:拣去杂质,晾干;
(16)黄柏:拣去杂质,用水洗净,捞出,润透,切片或切丝,晒干;
(17)知母:拣净杂质,用水撞洗,捞出,润软,切片晒干;
(18)栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
(19)金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
(20)金钱草:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,晒干;
(21)白茅根:拣净杂质,洗净,微润,切段,晒干,簸净碎屑;
(22)丹参:拣净杂质,除去根茎,洗净,捞出,润透后切片,晾干;
(23)香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
(24)大腹皮:拣净杂质,碾轧使软,敲打,筛去泥屑;
(25)浮萍:6-9月间捞取,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的地榆、槐角、半支莲、白花蛇舌草、大青叶、木槿花、滑石、车前草、白毛草、甘草、蒲公英、连翘、墨旱莲、续断、川牛膝、黄柏、知母、栀子、金银花、金钱草、白茅根、丹参、香附、大腹皮、浮萍放入煎药容器内,加水7倍量,浸泡120分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水5倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为3剂服用。
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