CN106638918B - Construction method of sponge urban rainwater collection system - Google Patents
Construction method of sponge urban rainwater collection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106638918B CN106638918B CN201611097668.8A CN201611097668A CN106638918B CN 106638918 B CN106638918 B CN 106638918B CN 201611097668 A CN201611097668 A CN 201611097668A CN 106638918 B CN106638918 B CN 106638918B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
- E03F5/101—Dedicated additional structures, interposed or parallel to the sewer system
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a sponge urban rainwater collection system, which comprises the following steps: (a) excavating a foundation pit; (b) treating a substrate; (c) building a water storage purification tank; (d) the water storage tank is in place; (e) paving a water seepage base layer; (f) and (5) watering and maintaining. The invention has the advantages of simple construction, low difficulty, easy control of construction quality, low construction cost, less related construction equipment, good permeation effect and strong water storage capacity, purifies the collected rainwater and puts the rainwater into secondary use, thereby greatly improving the resource utilization efficiency of the rainwater, changing waste into valuable and relieving the problem of water resource shortage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sponge urban water resource utilization, and particularly relates to a construction method of a sponge urban rainwater collection system.
Background
Along with the propulsion of urbanization construction, the increase of ground hardening has changed original hydrological characteristics, causes the rainwater runoff to increase, and frequent ponding in road surface, the frequent large tracts of land ponding in part city, the peak value grow of rain flood simultaneously, soil water content reduces, and ground water level decline phenomenon aggravation etc.. In addition, the urban water shortage problem in China is increasingly serious, the water is deficient in a resource type in the northern area, and the water is deficient in a water quality type in the southern area. Under the circumstance, the government proposes the target of building the sponge city and supports the policy, the finance and the like.
The sponge city, as the name suggests, just like a sponge, can rapidly absorb, accumulate, permeate and purify rainwater in a rainfall period, reduce the runoff formed by the rainwater and supplement underground water; meanwhile, when the rain is not raining, accumulated water is utilized through a series of treatment measures and matched pipe network facilities, so that rain water resources are better integrated into a water supply and drainage system of a city. The reasonable sponge urban water system is created, the original ecological system of the city can be effectively protected, the original damaged ecological system can be slowly recovered, and meanwhile, the influence on the whole urbanization construction and development is reduced.
The traditional sponge city construction mode is that hardened pavement is everywhere. In heavy rain, water is drained mainly by means of 'grey' facilities such as pipe ducts and pump stations, the 'quick draining' and 'tail end centralized' control are used as main planning and designing concepts, rainwater is drained mainly through the drainage facilities and cannot permeate into the ground, and therefore water logging and drought and water logging rush turning are caused when rain occurs, and the requirements of sponge city construction are not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a construction method of a sponge urban rainwater collection system, which has the advantages of simple construction, low difficulty, easy control of construction quality, low construction cost, less related construction equipment, good permeation effect and strong water storage capacity, can purify the collected rainwater and put the rainwater into secondary use, greatly improves the rainwater resource utilization efficiency, changes waste into valuable and relieves the problem of water resource shortage.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a sponge urban rainwater collection system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) excavation of a foundation pit: according to a design construction drawing, a foundation pit is excavated to a designed elevation by adopting a mode that an excavator is matched with manual grooving, the bottom of the foundation pit is cleaned, then an ink line is flicked and leveled, the gradient of the bottom of the foundation pit is kept at 2% -3%, the verticality of the side wall of the foundation pit is controlled to be smaller than 1%, supporting protection is carried out, a grey line mark is made at the bottom of the foundation pit, a construction area of a water storage purification pool is drawn, the flatness and the verticality of the foundation pit are guaranteed, the foundation pit is prevented from collapse and landslide, the construction quality is guaranteed, the construction area is clearly divided, and the construction efficiency;
(b) substrate treatment: laying a waterproof geomembrane in a marked gray coil, fixing the waterproof geomembrane by using cement nails at intervals of 5-8 m, backfilling 150-200 mm of original soil on the waterproof geomembrane, rolling and tamping back and forth, wherein the tamping density is more than 92%, then pouring a concrete cushion layer in layers, the total height is 250-300 mm, the overlapping length of 100-150 mm is reserved between the edge of the concrete cushion layer and the waterproof geomembrane, ventilating grooves are reserved on the concrete cushion layer at intervals of 10-15 m, ventilating impermeable sand with the thickness of 100-150 mm and pervious concrete with the thickness of 100-150 mm are paved in the ventilating grooves from bottom to top, each layer is uniformly compacted, after the concrete cushion layer is poured, the surface is flattened by using a wooden trowel and covered in 12 hours, maintaining for 7-8 days, ensuring the structural strength, the ventilating performance and the thermal stability of the concrete cushion layer, and the bearing capacity of the concrete cushion layer serving as a basic supporting base plate must meet the design requirements, the concrete cushion layer also plays a role in isolation, so that the ground surface environment is prevented from influencing the foundation structure of the foundation pit;
(c) building a water storage purification tank: after the concrete cushion layer is qualified, building a water storage purification tank, during the building of the tank body, respectively installing waterproof sleeves on a water inlet and a water outlet, hammering and compacting, then installing a water collecting pipe on the water inlet, installing a water discharging pipe on the water outlet, winding 2-3 circles at an interface by using a water stop belt, installing a water filtering clapboard into a water storage well according to the mode that a positioning bulge aligns to a positioning groove, then injecting cement slurry into the positioning groove, simultaneously cleaning the slurry overflowing the positioning groove, laying a water storage well from one side of the tank body, coating the cement slurry on each outer wall surface of the water storage well, tightly attaching adjacent water storage wells, after the water storage wells are laid, sequentially pouring a cover plate and a liquid level well, exposing the liquid level well to the ground by 50-100 mm, then laying a waterproof membrane on the cover plate, paving the whole cover plate with the waterproof geomembrane, leveling and fixing, and reserving the lap joint length of 100-150, then, a circle of waterproof geomembrane is laid to be close to the outer wall of the pool body, the circle of waterproof geomembrane is lapped with the waterproof geomembrane below the concrete cushion and the waterproof geomembrane on the cover plate, the water storage purification pool is used as a container for collecting rainwater, the rainwater is gathered without occupying the ground space, the filtration and the purification are synchronous, the concrete cushion, the water storage purification pool and the cover plate are wrapped by the waterproof geomembrane at the same time of seepage prevention and evaporation prevention, the intrusion of surrounding original soil is prevented, the extrusion effect of the surrounding original soil is avoided, and the structure protection effect is realized;
(d) the water storage tank is in place: the rainwater recycling and utilization efficiency of rainwater is greatly improved, waste is changed into valuable, the problem of water resource shortage is relieved, water and soil loss is reduced, and the rainwater recycling and utilization device has great significance for building ecological agriculture, ecological cities and protecting environment;
(e) paving a water seepage base layer: backfilling a water storage purification pool and a cover plate by using raw soil, manually tamping every time 200-300 mm of the water storage purification pool is filled, laying a water seepage base layer on an earth covering surface, wherein the water seepage base layer sequentially comprises a coarse sand layer with the thickness of 100-150 mm, a gravel layer with the thickness of 200-250 mm and a gravel layer with the thickness of 100-150 mm from bottom to top, the coarse sand layer is buried in a water collecting pipe, vibrating and tamping is carried out after the coarse sand layer is laid, then a leveling layer is laid on the gravel layer, the leveling layer is leveled and compacted by sand, slopes 1-1.5% are arranged towards two sides in the middle, finally, water permeable bricks are alternately laid on the leveling layer, after the water permeable bricks are laid, tamping and leveling, rainwater permeates downwards to enter the water seepage base layer, migrates in the water seepage base layer, can only permeate downwards through pores, the flow rate is slow, the retention time is long, the coarse sand layer, the gravel layer and the gravel layer have adsorption capacity, adsorb nitrogen and phosphorus solid particles in rainwater in the, purifying the rainwater; the water permeable bricks have good air permeability and water permeability, can enable rainwater to rapidly permeate into the underground, supplement the soil humidity of surface water and underground water, and have the effects of absorbing moisture and heat, so that the temperature and the humidity of local space on the earth surface are adjusted, the urban heat island effect is effectively solved, the urban drainage and flood control pressure can be relieved, and the water permeable bricks have good effects on preventing pollution of public water areas and treating sewage;
(f) watering and maintaining: after construction is finished, covering the water permeable bricks with the straw piles, watering and maintaining, wherein the maintaining time is longer than 24 hours, the straw piles are guaranteed to be wet during maintenance, idle people are prohibited from trampling, the strength of the water permeable bricks can be guaranteed through watering and maintaining, cracks are prevented from being generated, and the water permeability of the water permeable bricks is kept.
Furthermore, in the step (d), the abandoning flow filter well is buried in the range of 2m around the foundation pit, the water outlet end of the multi-way pipe is connected to the water inlet end of the abandoning flow filter well, the water outlet end of the abandoning flow filter well is connected to the water inlet end of the water suction pump, rainwater collected from the water storage purification tank enters the abandoning flow filter well through the water drainage pipe, and residual suspended particles and garbage in the rainwater are absorbed and removed completely, so that the rainwater is effectively purified, the quality of the rainwater is improved, and the rainwater is pumped into the water storage tank through the water suction pump and is put into use.
Further, before the water storage well is laid in the step (c), the water storage well is uniformly soaked in water for 5-6 min, the water storage well is formed by piling dry bricks, the water in cement paste is prevented from being absorbed by the water storage well, the cement is prevented from being solidified in advance without a hydration process, the strength of the mortar is greatly reduced, the water storage well can reach a saturated state through water soaking, and the water absorption phenomenon is prevented.
Further, the concrete cushion layer maintenance in the step (b) is specifically implemented by covering the concrete cushion layer with a plastic film, watering and maintaining, ensuring that the covering material is wet during the maintenance period, prohibiting idle people from stepping on or continuing construction on the covering material,
a water storage purification pool for a construction method of a sponge urban rainwater collection system is characterized in that: the water storage tank comprises a tank body, a water storage well, a cover plate and a water filtering partition plate, wherein the cover plate is arranged on the water storage well, the water storage well is uniformly distributed in the tank body, the water filtering partition plate is arranged in the water storage well, water filtering holes are uniformly distributed in the water filtering partition plate, positioning bulges are symmetrically distributed on the water filtering partition plate, positioning grooves are symmetrically distributed in the water storage well, the positioning grooves are matched with the positioning bulges, a water through groove is formed in the side surface of the water storage well, and a water inlet and; this retaining purification tank construction convenience, efficient, as the container of collecting the rainwater, get up the rainwater gathering, filter and purify in step, prevention of seepage and evaporation prevention simultaneously, stable in structure, safe and reliable does not occupy the ground space, and the rainwater of purification can be used to various aspects, has improved the utilization efficiency of resources of rainwater greatly, and changing waste into valuables has alleviated the problem that the water resource is deficient.
Further, the top of the water storage well is provided with an annular bulge, a drainage channel is formed between every two adjacent annular bulges, and the drainage channels between every two adjacent water storage wells are communicated with each other, so that the water falling onto the water storage well falls into the bottom of the pool body along the drainage channel and is gathered.
Further, be equipped with the liquid level well on the apron, the liquid level well pierces through the apron, and liquid level well and retaining well intercommunication are equipped with the well lid on the liquid level well, are equipped with the hole that leaks on the well lid, and the liquid level well makes things convenient for the staff to regularly look over the retaining condition in the retaining purification tank, and the liquid level is too high then need draw water, and the setting in hole that leaks makes things convenient for the downward seepage of ground rainwater, reduces ground drainage pressure.
Furthermore, a waterproof sleeve is arranged on the water inlet, a waterproof sleeve is arranged on the water outlet, the waterproof sleeve adopts a flexible waterproof sleeve, the waterproof performance inside and outside the water inlet and the waterproof performance inside and outside the water outlet are improved, and the displacement deformation of the water collecting pipe and the water discharging pipe is prevented.
Furthermore, the water storage wells are in a regular hexagon shape, and the water storage well group forms a honeycomb structure, so that the water storage well is stable, safe and reliable, does not occupy the ground space, is synchronous in filtration and purification, and is impermeable to seepage and evaporation.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has simple construction, low difficulty, easy control of construction quality, low construction cost, less related construction equipment, good infiltration effect and strong water storage capacity, purifies the collected rainwater and reduces the secondary pollution of the rainwater; the water permeable bricks are paved in a staggered way, so that rainwater can rapidly permeate downwards and enter the water permeable base layer, the rainwater migrates in the water permeable base layer and can only permeate downwards through pores, the flow rate is low, the retention time is long, the coarse sand layer, the gravel layer and the crushed stone layer have adsorption capacity, nitrogen and phosphorus solid particles in the rainwater are adsorbed, anaerobic microorganisms growing in the water permeable base layer degrade and purify the rainwater, the purified rainwater flows into a water storage and purification tank through a water collecting pipe at the bottom of the coarse sand layer, the water storage and purification tank is used as a container for collecting the rainwater, the rainwater is gathered without occupying ground space, the filtering and purification are synchronous, the collected rainwater is pumped into a water storage tank through a water suction pump to be stored at the same time of seepage prevention and evaporation prevention, and the collected rainwater is used for irrigating crops and daily water for landscape plants, water for car wash, road flushing, toilet flushing and other non-domestic water purposes, and the urban road surface, and the collected rainwater is purified and put into secondary use, so that the resource utilization efficiency of the rainwater is greatly improved, waste is changed into valuable, and the problem of water resource shortage is solved.
The water storage purification tank is convenient to construct and high in efficiency, the water filtering partition plate is arranged in the water storage well only by aligning the positioning protrusions with the positioning grooves during construction, and then cement slurry is injected into the positioning grooves, so that the water filtering partition plate is bonded and fixed in the water storage well, and the water storage purification tank is stable and reliable, is simple to operate, is quick and effective, and shortens the construction period; the water filtering partition plate plays a role in blocking rainwater, the rainwater can only continuously permeate downwards through the water filtering holes, and the residual fixed particles in the rainwater are blocked on the surface of the water filtering partition plate and cannot fall down, so that impurities are separated; the water storage purification tank is used as a container for collecting rainwater, the rainwater is gathered, the filtration and the purification are synchronous, the seepage prevention and the evaporation prevention are realized, the structure is stable, safe and reliable, and the ground space is not occupied.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reservoir purification tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a reservoir according to the present invention after it has been piled up;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connection between the water storage well and the water filtering partition plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a tank body in the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of the sponge urban rainwater collection system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a pool body; 2-water storage well; 3-cover plate; 4-water filtering partition board; 5-water filtering holes; 6-positioning the projection; 7-positioning grooves; 8-water trough; 9-a water inlet; 10-a water outlet; 11-a waterproof sleeve; 12-an annular projection; 13-a drainage channel; 14-a liquid level well; 15-well cover; 16-water leakage hole.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the construction method of the sponge urban rainwater collection system of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(a) excavation of a foundation pit: according to the design construction drawing, adopt the mode of excavator cooperation manual work grooving, excavate the foundation ditch to design elevation, clearance foundation ditch bottom, then the bullet black line is made level, keep the slope of foundation ditch bottom at 2% ~ 3%, the straightness that hangs down of control foundation ditch lateral wall all is less than 1%, and do the support protection, grey line mark is done down in the foundation ditch bottom, draw retaining purification pond construction area, guarantee foundation ditch roughness and straightness that hangs down, prevent that the foundation ditch from appearing collapsing, the emergence of landslide phenomenon, thereby guarantee construction quality, construction area divides clearly and definitely, construction efficiency is improved.
(b) Substrate treatment: laying a waterproof geomembrane in a marked gray coil, fixing the waterproof geomembrane by using cement nails at intervals of 5-8 m, backfilling 150-200 mm of original soil on the waterproof geomembrane, rolling and tamping back and forth, wherein the tamping density is more than 92%, then pouring a concrete cushion layer in layers, the total height is 250-300 mm, the overlapping length of 100-150 mm is reserved between the edge of the concrete cushion layer and the waterproof geomembrane, ventilating grooves are reserved on the concrete cushion layer at intervals of 10-15 m, ventilating impermeable sand with the thickness of 100-150 mm and pervious concrete with the thickness of 100-150 mm are paved in the ventilating grooves from bottom to top, each layer is uniformly compacted, after the concrete cushion layer is poured, the surface is flattened by using a wooden trowel and covered within 12h, maintaining is carried out for 7-8 days, the concrete maintenance cushion layer is characterized in that the concrete cushion layer is covered by using a plastic film, watering is carried out, the covering material is ensured to be wet during maintenance, and the idle people are forbidden to tread or continue construction on the concrete cushion, the structural strength, the air permeability and the thermal stability of the concrete cushion are ensured, the bearing capacity of the concrete cushion serving as a basic supporting base plate must meet the design requirements, and the concrete cushion also plays a role in isolation, so that the ground surface environment is prevented from influencing the foundation structure of the foundation pit.
(c) Building a water storage purification tank: after the acceptance of the concrete cushion is qualified, a water storage and purification tank is built, the water storage and purification tank comprises a tank body 1, a water storage well 2, a cover plate 3 and a water filtering partition plate 4, the cover plate 3 is arranged on the water storage well 2, the water storage well 2 is uniformly distributed in the tank body 1, and the water storage well 2 is in a regular hexagonal shape to form a honeycomb structure, and is stable, safe and reliable. In water storage well 2 was located to drainage baffle 4, evenly distributed had drainage hole 5 on the drainage baffle 4, and drainage baffle 4 played the effect of retardation rainwater, and the rainwater can only continue the infiltration downwards through drainage hole 5, and the remaining fixed granule of rainwater is stopping and is being held up on drainage baffle 4 surface, and unable whereabouts has separated impurity.
The water filtering partition plate 4 is symmetrically provided with positioning bulges 6, the water storage well 2 is symmetrically provided with positioning grooves 7, the positioning grooves 7 are matched with the positioning bulges 6, the water filtering partition plate 4 is arranged in the water storage well 2 only by aligning the positioning bulges 6 to the positioning grooves 7 during construction, and the water filtering partition plate is simple to operate, convenient to construct, high in efficiency, quick and effective. The water passing grooves 8 are formed in the side faces of the water storage wells 2, the water passing grooves 8 between the adjacent water storage wells 2 are communicated with each other, the flowing range of rainwater is expanded, and the activity is kept. The both sides of cell body 1 are equipped with water inlet 9 and delivery port 10 respectively, all are equipped with waterproof sleeve 11 on water inlet 9 and the delivery port 10, and this waterproof sleeve 11 adopts flexible waterproof sleeve, improves the waterproof performance inside and outside water inlet 9 and the delivery port 10, and the prevention pipeline takes place the displacement deformation. The top of the water storage well 2 is provided with annular bulges 12, drainage channels 13 are formed between the adjacent annular bulges 12, and the drainage channels 13 between the adjacent water storage wells 2 are communicated with each other, so that the water falling on the water storage well 2 falls into the bottom of the pool body 1 along the drainage channels 13 and is gathered. Be equipped with liquid level well 14 on apron 3, liquid level well 14 pierces through apron 3, and liquid level well 14 communicates with retaining well 2, is equipped with well lid 15 on the liquid level well 14, is equipped with the hole that leaks 16 on the well lid 15, and liquid level well 14 makes things convenient for the staff to look over the retaining condition in the retaining purification tank regularly, and the liquid level is too high then need be drawn water, and the setting up of the hole that leaks 16 makes things convenient for the downward seepage of ground rainwater, reduces ground drainage pressure.
During the masonry of the tank body 1, the waterproof sleeves 11 are respectively arranged on the water inlet 9 and the water outlet 10, are hammered and compacted, then the water collecting pipe is arranged on the water inlet 9, the water discharging pipe is arranged on the water outlet 10, 2-3 circles of water stop belts are wound at the interface, the water filtering clapboard 4 is arranged in the water storage well 2 according to the mode that the positioning bulge 6 is aligned with the positioning groove 7, then injecting cement slurry into the positioning groove 7, simultaneously cleaning the slurry overflowing the positioning groove 7, laying a water storage well 2 from one side of the tank body 1, before the impounding well 2 is laid, the impounding well 2 is uniformly soaked in water for 5-6 min, the impounding well 2 is formed by piling dry bricks, the water in cement paste is prevented from being absorbed by the impounding well 2, the cement is prevented from being solidified in advance without a hydration process, the strength of the mortar is greatly reduced, the impounding well 2 can reach a saturated state through water soaking, and the water absorption phenomenon is prevented. Coating cement slurry on each outer wall surface of the water storage well 2, closely attaching the adjacent water storage wells 2, after the water storage wells 2 are laid, sequentially pouring a cover plate 3 and a liquid level well 14, exposing the liquid level well 14 to 50-100 mm of the ground, laying a waterproof geomembrane on the cover plate 3, fully laying the waterproof geomembrane on the whole cover plate 3, leveling and fixing, reserving the lap joint length of 100-150 mm, then laying a circle of waterproof geomembrane on the outer wall of the pool body 1, then completing lap joint treatment of the circle of waterproof geomembrane, the waterproof geomembrane under the concrete cushion layer and the waterproof geomembrane on the cover plate 3, using the water storage purification pool as a container for collecting rainwater, gathering the rainwater, not occupying the ground space, synchronously filtering and purifying, preventing seepage and evaporation, simultaneously wrapping the concrete cushion layer, the water storage purification pool and the cover plate 3 by the waterproof geomembrane, preventing invasion of surrounding original soil and not being extruded by the surrounding original soil, the structure protection function is achieved.
(d) The water storage tank is in place: the water storage tank and the water suction pump are respectively fixed on the ground, the water outlet end of the water suction pump is connected with the water storage tank, each drain pipe is assembled on the multi-way pipe, the waste flow filtering well is embedded in the range of 2m around the foundation pit, the water outlet end of the multi-way pipe is connected with the water inlet end of the waste flow filtering well, the water outlet end of the waste flow filtering well is connected with the water inlet end of the water suction pump, rainwater collected from the water storage purifying pool enters the waste flow filtering well through the drain pipe, and suspended particles and garbage remained in the rainwater are absorbed and removed completely, so that the rainwater is effectively purified, the quality of the rainwater is improved, the rainwater is pumped into the water storage tank through the water suction pump to be stored, the rainwater is used for irrigating crops and landscape plants, daily water, water for car wash, road washing, toilet flushing and other non-domestic water purposes, the resource utilization efficiency of the rainwater is greatly improved, reduce water and soil loss and have great significance for building ecological agriculture, ecological cities and protecting the environment.
(e) Paving a water seepage base layer: burying the water storage purification tank and the cover plate 3 by backfilling raw soil, manually tamping every time 200-300 mm is filled, laying a water seepage base layer on the soil covering surface, wherein the water seepage base layer comprises a coarse sand layer with the thickness of 100-150 mm, a gravel layer with the thickness of 200-250 mm and a gravel layer with the thickness of 100-150 mm from bottom to top in sequence, the coarse sand layer is buried in a water collecting pipe, vibrating and tamping after laying, then laying a leveling layer on the gravel layer, leveling and compacting the leveling layer by sand, sloping 1-1.5% from the middle to two sides, finally alternately laying water permeable bricks on the leveling layer, tamping and leveling after the water permeable bricks are laid, rainwater permeates downwards to enter the water seepage base layer, and migrates in the water seepage base layer, and can only permeate downwards through pores, the flow rate is low, the retention time is long, the coarse sand layer, the gravel layer and the gravel layer have adsorption capacity, nitrogen and phosphorus solid particles in rainwater are adsorbed and degraded by anaerobic microorganisms growing in the base layer, purifying the rainwater; the brick that permeates water has good gas permeability, water permeability, can make rainwater infiltration underground rapidly, has replenished the soil moisture of surface water and groundwater, has the effect of absorbed moisture and heat simultaneously to adjust the humiture of earth's surface local space, and the effectual heat island effect of solving the city can alleviate the pressure of urban drainage and flood control, has good effect to the pollution and the processing sewage that prevent public waters.
(f) Watering and maintaining: after construction is finished, covering the water permeable bricks with the straw piles, watering and maintaining, wherein the maintaining time is longer than 24 hours, the straw piles are guaranteed to be wet during maintenance, idle people are prohibited from trampling, the strength of the water permeable bricks can be guaranteed through watering and maintaining, cracks are prevented from being generated, and the water permeability of the water permeable bricks is kept.
The invention has simple construction, low difficulty, easy control of construction quality, low construction cost, less related construction equipment, good infiltration effect and strong water storage capacity, purifies the collected rainwater and reduces the secondary pollution of the rainwater; the water permeable bricks are paved in a staggered way, so that rainwater can rapidly permeate downwards and enter the water permeable base layer, the rainwater migrates in the water permeable base layer and can only permeate downwards through pores, the flow rate is low, the retention time is long, the coarse sand layer, the gravel layer and the crushed stone layer have adsorption capacity, nitrogen and phosphorus solid particles in the rainwater are adsorbed, anaerobic microorganisms growing in the water permeable base layer degrade and purify the rainwater, the purified rainwater flows into a water storage and purification tank through a water collecting pipe at the bottom of the coarse sand layer, the water storage and purification tank is used as a container for collecting the rainwater, the rainwater is gathered without occupying ground space, the filtering and purification are synchronous, the collected rainwater is pumped into a water storage tank through a water suction pump to be stored at the same time of seepage prevention and evaporation prevention, and the collected rainwater is used for irrigating crops and daily water for landscape plants, water for car wash, road flushing, toilet flushing and other non-domestic water purposes, and the urban road surface, and the collected rainwater is purified and put into secondary use, so that the resource utilization efficiency of the rainwater is greatly improved, waste is changed into valuable, and the problem of water resource shortage is solved.
The water storage purification tank is convenient to construct and high in efficiency, the water filtering partition plate 4 is arranged in the water storage well 2 only by aligning the positioning protrusions 6 with the positioning grooves 7 during construction, and then cement slurry is injected into the positioning grooves 7, so that the water filtering partition plate 4 is bonded and fixed in the water storage well 2, and the water storage purification tank is stable and reliable, is simple to operate, is quick and effective, and shortens the construction period; the water filtering partition plate 4 plays a role in blocking rainwater, the rainwater can only continuously permeate downwards through the water filtering holes 5, and the residual fixed particles in the rainwater are blocked on the surface of the water filtering partition plate 4 and cannot fall down, so that impurities are separated; the water storage purification tank is used as a container for collecting rainwater, the rainwater is gathered, the filtration and the purification are synchronous, the seepage prevention and the evaporation prevention are realized, the structure is stable, safe and reliable, and the ground space is not occupied.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a sponge urban rainwater collection system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) excavation of a foundation pit: excavating a foundation pit to a designed elevation by adopting a mode of matching an excavator with manual grooving according to a design construction drawing, cleaning the bottom of the foundation pit, then flicking an ink line to level, keeping the gradient of the bottom of the foundation pit at 2% -3%, controlling the verticality of the side wall of the foundation pit to be less than 1%, performing support protection, performing grey line marking at the bottom of the foundation pit, and marking out a construction area of a water storage purification tank;
(b) substrate treatment: laying a waterproof geomembrane in a marked gray coil, fixing the waterproof geomembrane by using cement nails at intervals of 5-8 m, backfilling 150-200 mm of original soil on the waterproof geomembrane, rolling and tamping back and forth, wherein the tamping density is more than 92%, then pouring a concrete cushion layer in layers, the total height is 250-300 mm, the overlapping length of 100-150 mm is reserved between the edge of the concrete cushion layer and the waterproof geomembrane, ventilating grooves are reserved on the concrete cushion layer at intervals of 10-15 m, ventilating impermeable sand with the thickness of 100-150 mm and pervious concrete with the thickness of 100-150 mm are paved in the ventilating grooves from bottom to top, each layer is uniformly compacted, after the concrete cushion layer is poured, the surface is rubbed by using a wooden trowel, and covered in 12 hours, and curing is carried out for 7-8 days;
(c) building a water storage purification tank:
the water storage and purification tank comprises a tank body, a water storage well, a cover plate and a water filtering partition plate, wherein the cover plate is arranged on the water storage well, the water storage well is uniformly distributed in the tank body, the water filtering partition plate is arranged in the water storage well, water filtering holes are uniformly distributed in the water filtering partition plate, positioning bulges are symmetrically distributed on the water filtering partition plate, positioning grooves are symmetrically distributed in the water storage well, the positioning grooves are matched with the positioning bulges, a water through groove is formed in each side surface of the water storage well, and a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in each side of the tank body;
after the concrete cushion layer is qualified, building a water storage purification tank, during the building of the tank body, respectively installing waterproof sleeves on a water inlet and a water outlet, hammering and compacting, then installing a water collecting pipe on the water inlet, installing a water discharging pipe on the water outlet, winding 2-3 circles at an interface by using a water stop belt, installing a water filtering clapboard into a water storage well according to the mode that a positioning bulge aligns to a positioning groove, then injecting cement slurry into the positioning groove, simultaneously cleaning the slurry overflowing the positioning groove, laying a water storage well from one side of the tank body, coating the cement slurry on each outer wall surface of the water storage well, tightly attaching adjacent water storage wells, after the water storage wells are laid, sequentially pouring a cover plate and a liquid level well, exposing the liquid level well to the ground by 50-100 mm, then laying a waterproof membrane on the cover plate, paving the whole cover plate with the waterproof geomembrane, leveling and fixing, and reserving the lap joint length of 100-150, then, a circle of waterproof geomembrane is laid close to the outer wall of the pool body, and then the circle of waterproof geomembrane is lapped with the waterproof geomembrane under the concrete cushion layer and the waterproof geomembrane on the cover plate;
(d) the water storage tank is in place: respectively fixing a water storage tank and a water suction pump on the ground, connecting the water outlet end of the water suction pump with the water storage tank, assembling each water discharge pipe on a multi-way pipe, and connecting the water outlet end of the multi-way pipe with the water inlet end of the water suction pump;
(e) paving a water seepage base layer: burying the water storage purification tank and the cover plate by backfilling raw soil, manually tamping every time when the raw soil is filled by 200-300 mm, then laying a water seepage base layer on the soil covering surface, wherein the water seepage base layer sequentially comprises a coarse sand layer with the thickness of 100-150 mm, a gravel layer with the thickness of 200-250 mm and a gravel layer with the thickness of 100-150 mm from bottom to top, the coarse sand layer is buried in a water collecting pipe, vibrating and tamping is carried out after laying is finished, then a leveling layer is laid on the gravel layer, the leveling layer is leveled and compacted by sand, slopes are arranged from the middle to two sides by 1-1.5%, finally, water permeable bricks are alternately laid on the leveling layer, and tamping and leveling are carried out after the water permeable bricks are laid;
(f) watering and maintaining: and after the construction is finished, covering the water permeable bricks with the straw piles, watering and maintaining for more than 24 hours, ensuring the straw piles to be wet during the maintenance period, and forbidding idle people to tread.
2. The construction method of the sponge urban rainwater collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (d) burying a waste flow filter well within 2m of the periphery of the foundation pit, connecting the water outlet end of the multi-way pipe to the water inlet end of the waste flow filter well, and connecting the water outlet end of the waste flow filter well to the water inlet end of the water suction pump.
3. The construction method of the sponge urban rainwater collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (c) before the water storage well is laid, uniformly soaking the water storage well with water for 5-6 min.
4. The construction method of the sponge urban rainwater collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (c) concrete cushion layer maintenance in the step (b) is specifically implemented by covering the concrete cushion layer with a plastic film, watering and maintaining, ensuring that the covering material is wet during maintenance, and forbidding idle people to step on the covering material or continue construction on the covering material.
5. The impoundment purification pond for the construction method of the sponge urban rainwater collection system according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the water storage well is provided with annular bulges, and a drainage channel is formed between every two adjacent annular bulges.
6. The impoundment purification pond for the construction method of the sponge urban rainwater collection system according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the improved water storage well is characterized in that a liquid level well is arranged on the cover plate and penetrates through the cover plate, the liquid level well is communicated with the water storage well, a well cover is arranged on the liquid level well, and a water leakage hole is formed in the well cover.
7. The impoundment purification pond for the construction method of the sponge urban rainwater collection system according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the water inlet is provided with a waterproof sleeve, and the water outlet is provided with the waterproof sleeve.
8. The impoundment purification pond for the construction method of the sponge urban rainwater collection system according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the water storage well is in a regular hexagon shape.
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