CN106612698A - Configuration method for light-potentially rocky desertification environmental plant hedge in karst region - Google Patents

Configuration method for light-potentially rocky desertification environmental plant hedge in karst region Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106612698A
CN106612698A CN201611108603.9A CN201611108603A CN106612698A CN 106612698 A CN106612698 A CN 106612698A CN 201611108603 A CN201611108603 A CN 201611108603A CN 106612698 A CN106612698 A CN 106612698A
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plant hedge
plant
hedge
soil
shrub
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CN106612698B (en
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熊康宁
胡晚枚
罗鼎
顾再柯
颜萍
肖杰
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Guizhou Education University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a configuration method for light-potentially rocky desertification environmental plant hedge in karst region. The configuration method comprises selection of plant hedge planting type, land consolidation, plant hedge planting, late stage watering management, later stage pruning management forming plant hedge configuration form of pyracantha fortuneana, climbers+shrubs+herbs, climbers+small trees+herbs, herbs+shrubs; the plant hedge configuration form of pyracantha fortuneana, climbers+shrubs+herbs, climbers+small trees+herbs, herbs+shrubs is obtained in the method, control of soil erosion is conducted concerning light-potentially rocky desertification in karst region, the surface coverage is increased, the surface flow rate is reduced, the soil erosion is decreased, and the soil fertility is improved and preserved. Cash crops such as Hypericum monogynum, pyracantha fortuneana, Trifolium repens, and Prunus Humilis Bunge are planted. Crop yield is high, terrace stability and economic incomes of peasants are improved, the usage rate of the soil in karst region is increased, and the method is especially accepted by peasants in light-potentially rocky desertification environment.

Description

A kind of karst is light-potential stony desertification environment plant hedge collocation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to karst Rocky Desertification Control technical field, is related to a kind of karst plateau mountain region sloping upland ground The reasonable Application way in the ridge, more particularly to a kind of karst it is light-potential stony desertification environment plant hedge collocation method.
Background technology
" stony desertification " is with " soil erosion ", " desertification " and is referred to as the current three big ecological problem of China, in Karst Regions In Southwest China Regional soil erosion and the different phase that stony desertification is ecological degradation, stony desertification is the result of the soil erosion, and soil erosion is stone The interstage of desertization, the two reciprocal causation relation.The valuable water and soil resources of people are nibbled in soil erosion, how to control water and soil It is lost in preventing and treating stony desertification to be paid close attention to by various circles of society.The current water-and-soil conservation measures of China mainly has gradient optimiziation to arrange Apply, woods grass biological control measure and tillage control measure, gradient optimiziation Study on Measures is more early, achieved with certain achievement, the extent of spreading amd application It is relatively wide, extensively received by hill farmer, at present in Chinese Mountain Areas to prevent erosion, peasant gets used to changing long slope farming For terrace land xerocline farming.But terrace land field bund can take certain arable land (Guizhou Province's sloping upland field bund accounts for arable land 5%), while being Prevent weeds from striving fertilizer, strive water, win honour for crops, typically the weeds on the low bank of earth between fields can be removed in period of tillage in spring peasant dry Only, low bank of earth between fields bad stability is caused, earth steps avalanche phenomenon occurs in rainy season set, how in the reasonable planting plants of sloping upland field bund Hedge, make full use of cannot Planting Crops field bund, improve land utilization ratio, preventing and treating field bund cave in, improve soil nutrient, control Soil erosion is the problem that now mountain area sloping upland renovates urgent need to resolve.The more ripe application of plant hedge technology at present is mainly concentrated In pressing L=4H/sina belt distances after planting plants hedge on the sloping upland of 25 ° of mountain area gradient <, its soil and water conservation benefit effect Improvement degree.And in Karst Rocky Desertification Region, ladderization nonirrigated farmland phenomenon is universal, sloping upland width is generally 2 ~ 4 meters, and landform is rugged Rugged, soil layer is thin, fertility is low, the density of population is big, economic level and water and soil conservation consciousness fall behind, it is impossible to by plantation side elsewhere Formula carries out plant hedge plantation.There is problems with existing plant hedge:
1)Existing plant hedge plantation hills, Mountain area thickness of soil more than 1 meter, what is had can reach tens meters, and noise made in coughing or vomiting This specially many soil thickness of soil in area is in 20cm, 30cm, 50cm, the soil layer for having a below 10cm that even has therefore existing Plant hedge is adapted only to be planted in the deep hills of soil layer, mountain region;
2)The plant soil thickness for currently using needs the ability well-grown in the soil layer of more than 50cm, provides enough for it Root growing space, moisture collection space, nutrient collection space, plant variety is not suitable with from the deep region of soil layer is applied to Karst;
3)Plant strain growth is too fast, plant is excessive, can not schedule to last in karst and provide enough moisture and prop up in growth period Support soil, it is difficult to realize the control of soil erosion, karst soil thickness differs, and water loss is fast, it is impossible to for plant life It is long that stable moisture source, the plant growth that soil layer vulnerable area can not be crossed for plant, root system are provided(Can not grow);
4)It is excessive that existing plant hedge takes surface area into after hedge, is not suitable with the narrow and small karst of block area, plot Take the wide soil of 1-2 rice where big to be also not much affected, but many plot in karst only have 1 meter or so width, Only tens centimetres wide for having, lose the meaning of plant hedge if being taken in a large number.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is:There is provided a kind of karst it is light-potential stony desertification environment plant hedge matches somebody with somebody Method is put, in the Karst Rocky Desertification Region energy conservation of soil and water, improves soil fertility, increase crop yield, improve field bund steady Qualitative and peasant economy income, particularly can be received under light-potential stony desertification environment by peasant, can large scale application Plant hedge configuration mode, to solve problems of the prior art.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:A kind of karst is light-potential stony desertification environment plant hedge collocation method, The method is comprised the following steps:
1)Select karst it is light-potential stony desertification field bund on the plant hedge planted, the plant hedge of selection includes Hypericum Chinense, fire Spine and Trifolium repense;
2)Consolidation:Retain the original plant hedge in ridge slope, its soil is not disturbed, loose field bund bank pin, bank platform soil, soil Earth disturbance depth is 20cm ~ 40 ㎝, and soil carries out thereon plant hedge plantation after drying 1 ~ 2 working day;
3)If where field bund is easily entered adjacent to road or deserted mountain livestock, local fire spine is trimmed into 58-62 ㎝, locality is transplanted to On the field bund in neighbouring road or deserted mountain, spacing 80-100 ㎝ is planted in single file plantation, and fiery spine plants the first two years, interplants under fiery spine High quality forage rye grass;
4)For other the arable land field bunds in the encirclement of fiery spine, if field bund height plants gold and silver more than 150 ㎝ in field bund bank pin Flower, akebi or grape, ridge slope retains weeds or plantation high quality forage alfalfa, rye grass, Trifolium repense or vetiver, on the ridge Single file shrub or dungarunga plant hedge are planted by arc, arc is inclined along slope direction to arable land both sides, the water that guiding arable land produces The both sides flowing of flow direction arable land, prevents that sloping upland current are excessive to wash away field bund in the middle of sloping upland, the damp drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant of shrub choosing, happiness The calcium fruit of calcium;Dungarunga selects native breed fibert, equally plants early stage, and high-quality grass is interplanted under shrub, dungarunga plant hedge This plant Trifolium repense, alfalfa or rye grass, increase coverage, slow down earth's surface flow velocity, reduce soil erosion, if fiery spine bag Other arable land field bunds then plant day lily highly less than 150 ㎝ in field bund bank pin in enclosing, and ridge slope retains weeds or plantation white three The herbaceous plant hedge of leaf, rye grass and alfalfa, plants shrub calcium fruit plant hedge on bank, same early stage is under calcium fruit plant hedge The herbaceous plant hedges such as interplanting Trifolium repense, alfalfa, rye grass;
5)Later stage waters management:It is to ensure that plant can absorb the moisture of abundance before plant hedge is not reaching to normally to survive, Arid season periodically waters to it, and summer, every other day morning or evening poured once, then poured once within five days during winter drying;
6)Later stage prunes management:When plant growth is to 130 ~ 200 ㎝, periodically plant hedge is pruned, cutting range 100- 150cm, prevents plant hedge from taking a large amount of arable lands and striving water, strive fertilizer, win honour for band interrow crop, and the plant hedge branches and leaves after pruning are put down Interband arable land and plant hedge surface are laid on, are increase soil fertility, increase coverage, reduce soil erosion, it is final potential-slight Rocky Desertification Region forms fiery spine, liana+shrub+draft, liana+dungarunga+draft, draft+shrub plant hedge form.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:Compared with prior art, effect is as follows:
(1)The plant hedge collocation method that the present invention is adopted, forms fiery spine, liana+shrub+draft, liana+dungarunga+draft, grass The collocation form of sheet+shrub plant hedge, can be directed to karst it is light-potential stony desertification carries out the control of soil erosion, Trifolium repense, alfalfa or rye grass, increase coverage, slow down earth's surface flow velocity, soil erosion are reduced, by the plant hedge of cutting Lose on the soil under plant hedge, soil fertility and preservation of fertility can be improved, mainly plant Hypericum Chinense, fiery spine and white three Leaf and the industrial crops of calcium fruit, crop yield is high, can greatly improve field bund stability and peasant economy income, improve noise made in coughing or vomiting this The utilization rate of special Soils In The Region, particularly can be received under light-potential stony desertification environment by peasant, can large scale application Plant hedge configuration mode;
(2)Compared with transforming slope into terrace erosion and torrent control works, plant hedge low cost is simple, while improve Soil Utilization rate, increases Peasant economy income is added;
(3)Arc plantation single file shrub or dungarunga plant hedge are pressed on the ridge, arc is inclined along slope direction to arable land both sides, guiding The current direction arable land both sides flowing that arable land produces, prevents that sloping upland current are excessive to wash away field bund in the middle of sloping upland;
(4)The economic plants Hypericum Chinense of plantation, fiery spine and Trifolium repense and calcium fruit, can adapt to the soil that thickness is 50cm and give birth to It is long;
(5)The root system of economic plants Hypericum Chinense, fiery spine and Trifolium repense and calcium fruit can adapt to the growth of karst soil Space, moisture collection space, nutrient collection space;
(6)Economic plants Hypericum Chinense, fiery spine and Trifolium repense and the herbaceous plant Trifolium repense of calcium fruit and plantation, alfalfa or Rye grass can schedule to last in karst and provide enough moisture and support soil in growth period, so as to realize soil erosion Control, karst soil thickness differs, and water loss is fast, it is impossible to provide stable moisture source, soil layer for plant growth The plant growth that vulnerable area can not be crossed for plant, root system;
(7)Take up room after economic plants Hypericum Chinense, fiery spine and Trifolium repense and calcium fruit growth little, for karst plot Less problem, can also adapt to very well without taking soil plantation in the case where conserving water and soil.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment:A kind of karst is light-potential stony desertification environment plant hedge collocation method, the method includes following step Suddenly:
1)Select in potential-slight Rocky Desertification Region field bund type (low bank of earth between fields, native stone mixing the ridge) and field bund Hypericum Chinense, fire spine, Trifolium repense is plant hedge species, and Hypericum Chinense is a kind of excellent Chinese medicine ornamental shrub plant, and the good water and soil conservation of fiery spine is blocked Cut plant, Trifolium repense high quality forage;
2)Consolidation:To prevent field bund avalanche, soil erosion is reduced, retain the original plant hedge in ridge slope, its soil is not carried out Disturbance, loose field bund bank pin, bank platform soil, soil disturbance depth is 20cm ~ 40 ㎝, at it after soil 1 ~ 2 working day of drying On carry out plant hedge plantation;
3)If where field bund is easily entered adjacent to road or deserted mountain livestock, local fire spine is trimmed into 58-62 ㎝, locality is transplanted to On the field bund in neighbouring road or deserted mountain, spacing 80-100 ㎝ is planted in single file plantation, and fiery spine plants the first two years, interplants under fiery spine High quality forage rye grass;
4)For other the arable land field bunds in the encirclement of fiery spine, if field bund height plants gold and silver more than 150 ㎝ in field bund bank pin Flower, akebi or grape, ridge slope retains weeds or plantation high quality forage alfalfa, rye grass, Trifolium repense or vetiver, on the ridge Single file shrub or dungarunga plant hedge are planted by arc, arc is inclined along slope direction to arable land both sides, the water that guiding arable land produces The both sides flowing of flow direction arable land, prevents that sloping upland current are excessive to wash away field bund in the middle of sloping upland, the damp drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant of shrub choosing, happiness The calcium fruit of calcium;Dungarunga selects native breed fibert, equally plants early stage, and high-quality grass is interplanted under shrub, dungarunga plant hedge This plant Trifolium repense, alfalfa or rye grass, increase coverage, slow down earth's surface flow velocity, reduce soil erosion, if fiery spine bag Other arable land field bunds then plant day lily highly less than 150 ㎝ in field bund bank pin in enclosing, and ridge slope retains weeds or plantation white three The herbaceous plant hedge of leaf, rye grass and alfalfa, plants shrub calcium fruit plant hedge on bank, same early stage is under calcium fruit plant hedge The herbaceous plant hedges such as interplanting Trifolium repense, alfalfa, rye grass;
5)Later stage waters management:It is to ensure that plant can absorb the moisture of abundance before plant hedge is not reaching to normally to survive, Arid season periodically waters to it, and summer, every other day morning or evening poured once, then poured once within five days during winter drying;
6)Later stage prunes management:When plant growth is to 130 ~ 200 ㎝, periodically plant hedge is pruned, cutting range is 100-150cm, prevents plant hedge from taking a large amount of arable lands and striving water, strive fertilizer, win honour for band interrow crop, by the plant hedge branch after pruning Leaf is laid in interband arable land and plant hedge surface, increases soil fertility, increase coverage, reduction soil erosion, finally potential- Slight Rocky Desertification Region forms fiery spine, liana+shrub+draft, liana+dungarunga+draft, draft+shrub plant hedge form.
The above, the only specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, all should contain Cover within protection scope of the present invention, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the claims.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of karst it is light-potential stony desertification environment plant hedge collocation method, it is characterised in that:The method includes following Step:
1)Select karst it is light-potential stony desertification field bund on the plant hedge planted, the plant hedge of selection includes Hypericum Chinense, fire Spine and Trifolium repense;
2)Consolidation:Retain the original plant hedge in ridge slope, its soil is not disturbed, loose field bund bank pin, bank platform soil, soil Earth disturbance depth is 20cm ~ 40 ㎝, and soil carries out thereon plant hedge plantation after drying 1 ~ 2 working day;
3)If where field bund is easily entered adjacent to road or deserted mountain livestock, local fire spine is trimmed into 58-62 ㎝, locality is transplanted to On the field bund in neighbouring road or deserted mountain, spacing 80-100 ㎝ is planted in single file plantation, and fiery spine plants the first two years, interplants under fiery spine Rye grass;
4)For other the arable land field bunds in the encirclement of fiery spine, if field bund height plants gold and silver more than 150 ㎝ in field bund bank pin Flower, akebi or grape, ridge slope retains weeds or plantation high quality forage alfalfa, rye grass, Trifolium repense or vetiver, on the ridge Single file shrub or dungarunga plant hedge are planted by arc, arc is inclined along slope direction to arable land both sides, and shrub choosing pool is drought-enduring, resistance to lean Lean, happiness calcium calcium fruit;Dungarunga selects native breed fibert, equally plants early stage, interplants excellent under shrub, dungarunga plant hedge Matter herbaceous plant Trifolium repense, alfalfa or rye grass, if fiery spine surrounds interior other arable land field bunds and is highly less than 150 ㎝, Field bund bank pin plants day lily, and ridge slope retains the herbaceous plant hedge of weeds or plantation Trifolium repense, rye grass and alfalfa, on bank Plantation shrub calcium fruit plant hedge, same early stage interplants the herbaceous plant such as Trifolium repense, alfalfa, rye grass under calcium fruit plant hedge Hedge;
5)Later stage waters management:Before plant hedge is not reaching to normally to survive, arid season periodically waters to it, the summer Season, every other day morning or evening poured once, then poured once within five days during winter drying;
6)Later stage prunes management:When plant growth is to 130 ~ 200 ㎝, periodically plant hedge is pruned, cutting range is Plant hedge branches and leaves after pruning are laid in interband arable land and plant hedge surface, final potential-slight stony desertification by 100-150cm Area forms fiery spine, liana+shrub+draft, liana+dungarunga+draft, draft+shrub plant hedge form.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107182335A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-22 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 A kind of Karst Mountains Desertification Area ecological restoring method
CN107371437A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-11-24 贵州大学 A kind of wildlife hedge structure for Karst Mountain Areas
CN110073879A (en) * 2019-05-13 2019-08-02 安徽农业大学 Using the method for honeysuckle and rye grass intercropping plant substitution control Alternanthera philoxeroides
CN111418429A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-17 那志和 Pyracantha fortuneana planting method for rocky desertification area

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110692418A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-01-17 樊江 Strip-shaped composite vegetation allocation method

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SU1011066A1 (en) * 1980-02-29 1983-04-15 Popov Jurij M Method of terracing hillsides
CN101720614A (en) * 2009-11-11 2010-06-09 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 Method for constructing slope integral agro-forestry ecosystem
CN103088835A (en) * 2013-02-16 2013-05-08 重庆师范大学 Three gorge reservoir region slope cropland bank building method and slope cropland bank
CN105103843A (en) * 2015-07-27 2015-12-02 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 Vegetation configuration method for preventing water and soil loss of mine dump of dry-hot valley
CN105961120A (en) * 2016-05-26 2016-09-28 北京林业大学 Mine ecological remediation and slope vegetation fast restoring method suitable for arid region

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1011066A1 (en) * 1980-02-29 1983-04-15 Popov Jurij M Method of terracing hillsides
CN101720614A (en) * 2009-11-11 2010-06-09 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 Method for constructing slope integral agro-forestry ecosystem
CN103088835A (en) * 2013-02-16 2013-05-08 重庆师范大学 Three gorge reservoir region slope cropland bank building method and slope cropland bank
CN105103843A (en) * 2015-07-27 2015-12-02 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 Vegetation configuration method for preventing water and soil loss of mine dump of dry-hot valley
CN105961120A (en) * 2016-05-26 2016-09-28 北京林业大学 Mine ecological remediation and slope vegetation fast restoring method suitable for arid region

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107182335A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-22 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 A kind of Karst Mountains Desertification Area ecological restoring method
CN107371437A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-11-24 贵州大学 A kind of wildlife hedge structure for Karst Mountain Areas
CN110073879A (en) * 2019-05-13 2019-08-02 安徽农业大学 Using the method for honeysuckle and rye grass intercropping plant substitution control Alternanthera philoxeroides
CN111418429A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-17 那志和 Pyracantha fortuneana planting method for rocky desertification area

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