CN103088835A

CN103088835A - Three gorge reservoir region slope cropland bank building method and slope cropland bank

Info

Publication number: CN103088835A
Application number: CN2013100512382A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韦杰; 陈国建; 金慧芳; 侯林; 董宏伟
Original assignee: Chongqing Normal University
Current assignee: Chongqing Normal University
Priority date: 2013-02-16
Filing date: 2013-02-16
Publication date: 2013-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-16
Also published as: CN103088835B

Abstract

The invention discloses a three gorge reservoir region slope cropland bank building method and a slope cropland bank. The slop cropland bank is formed by an upper layer and a lower layer. The lower layer is a hard material layer and the upper layer is a soil layer. The hard material layer is formed by piling up strip rock (or rock blocks and hollow bricks) and natural seams are formed; and short shrub and herbaceous economic plants are planted at two sides of the top of the soil layer and the middle portion is used as a walking path. Rough treatment is conducted on an upper surface of the hard material layer in touch with the soil layer, a plurality of grooves are formed at intervals in the upper surface and the soil layer is embedded in the grooves partly. A plurality of water drainage holes are formed in a wall face of the hard material layer along different height. According to the three gorge reservoir region slope cropland bank building method and the slope cropland bank, investment is small, construction is simple, repair is easy and the conditions that a single soil bank is unstable, a single rock bank is high in cost and the like can be obviously improved. The plants planted on the soil layer is beneficial for fixing soil and improving fertility, the plants are combined with the bank so that double adjusting functions are achieved, water and soil loss control effect is notable and meanwhile economic benefit is generated.

Description

The ridge, arable land, slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges bank construction method and the ridge, arable land, slope bank

Technical field

The present invention relates to the improvement of the ridge, agriculture arable land bank technology, be specifically related to the ridge, arable land, the slope bank of arable land, slope, a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges ridge bank construction method and native stone combination, belong to the ridge, arable land, slope bank technical field.

Background technology

The reservoir area of Three Gorges cultivated land resource is very limited, 0.88 mu of rural per-capita cultivated area, and most of for ploughing on the slope, and social economy's accelerated development causes that the non-agricultural construction increment that occupies cultivated land is large, contradiction is more sharp-pointed with causing the people.Field bund and the raised path through fields (being referred to as ridge bank) are the lines of demarcation in plot, account for 6%～12% of cultivated area, have the multi-functionals such as water and soil conservation, walking." transforming slope into terrace " is the important channel of the regulation of arable land, slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges and upgrading low-and medium-yield farmland, common employing stone matter ridge bank in implementation process, but stone dam is built, and cost is high, mechanical one-shift or labour drop into manyly, under existing social and economic condition, should not all build stone matter ridge bank.Simultaneously, a large amount of stone matter ridge bank takes up an area many, though convenient walking, stone matter ridge bank can't be cultivated and can not be produced economic benefit, is difficult for accepting single pure stone dam the reservoir area of Three Gorges of arable land growing tension peasant.In addition, stone dam is more suitable to be built in building stones abundant areas, is difficult to promote and lack the area at building stones, has certain limitation.

In view of above problem, in regulation or comprehensive management by water and soil process are ploughed in the slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges, adopted soil property ridge bank to substitute (part) stone dam, also adopted the measures such as earth steps or earth steps and stone dam interval layout.Field investigation shows, soil property ridge bank relatively is suitable at earth steps planted on two sides field bund plant hedge, also improving its utilization ratio in the gradient less slope ploughs.But the problem of soil property ridge bank maximum is to have unstability, and the reservoir area of Three Gorges rainfall is many, and the arable land gradient is large, and single earth steps easily wash away destroyedly because of surface flow, cause serious soil erosion.Therefore, the ridge, arable land bank utilization rate is not high, unstable, the high in cost of production problem to solve need to seek new ridge bank construction method.

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Summary of the invention

For arable land, existing reservoir area of Three Gorges stone dam take up an area many, land utilization ratio is not high and earth steps are unstable, the deficiency such as easily damaged, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improve ridge bank utilization rate, relatively firmly, have better soil and water conservation effect and the receptible native stone of reservoir area of Three Gorges that is exclusively used in of peasant in conjunction with ridge bank construction method and the ridge, arable land, slope bank.

Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that

The ridge, arable land, slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges bank construction method, its stage of construction be,

1) plough on the slope original sill position is built by the rectangular slab of stone (or piece stone, hollow brick) and is piled up the hard bed of material that forms, and need not artificial cement coating when piling up to form the nature gap; Hard bed of material upper surface carries out the adhesion between roughening is processed to strengthen and the back will arrange soil layer and spaced apartly is carved with some grooves, and groove forms the moisture holder, also strengthens the adhesion between the soil layer that the hard bed of material and back will arrange simultaneously;

2) in hard bed of material upper surface earthing and compacting to form the soil layer field bund, soil layer is partially submerged in groove, the above soil layer thickness of groove is 20～30cm;

3) planted on two sides short economy in soil layer top is filled with careless plant, and is middle as the walking road.

Further, described hard bed of material wall lays along differing heights the drain hole that some inside and outside walls connect, and to strengthen the drainability in rainy season, avoids the heavy showers runoff to produce damage to the hard bed of material.

The ridge, arable land, slope, a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges bank, it two-layerly is made of the up and down, and lower floor is the hard bed of material, and the upper strata is soil layer, and the hard bed of material is piled up by the rectangular slab of stone (or piece stone, hollow brick) and is formed and form the nature gap; Soil layer thickness is 20～30cm, and the careless economic plants of the soil layer short filling of top planted on two sides is middle as the walking road.

The upper surface that the described hard bed of material contacts with soil layer carries out that roughening is processed and spaced apartly is carved with some grooves, and depth of groove is 3～6cm, and soil layer is partially submerged in groove.

Described hard bed of material wall is laid with along differing heights the drain hole that some inside and outside walls connect, and the drain hole section gross area is the 1/30-1/40 of whole wall area.

The present invention soil stone for the ridge bank of in the past promoting in the reservoir area of Three Gorges, can significantly improve unstable, the single stone dam high in cost of production of single earth steps disadvantage in conjunction with ridge bank.Soil layer end face zone line is used for walking, the short draft industrial crops of soil layer planted on two sides.Increased undoubtedly working area and ridge bank utilization rate, what the single stone dam of having avoided in the past adopting caused can not plant the defective high with the land seizure rate.Soil layer planting plants hedge also helps solid earth culture fertile, combines with field bund and plays the dual regulation effect, has obvious soil erosion and controls effect, also produces simultaneously certain economic benefit.

Native country stone is little in conjunction with ridge bank construction engineering quantity, small investment (with single stone dam ratio, can save 1/3 above construction investment), gather materials on the spot, job practices is simple, easily repairs, and the economic plants hedge at the hard bed of material, soil layer and its top combines and forms the ridge bank bioid system of system support.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1-structural representation of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Referring to Fig. 1, can find out on scheming, the present invention builds a kind of levels structure ridge bank of native stone combination at plough on the slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges original sill position, bank bottom, the ridge is that the rectangular slab of stone (or piece stone, hollow brick) is piled up the hard bed of material 2 that forms, avoid using concrete when piling up as far as possible, in order to avoid cause " pollution of stone matter ", hard bed of material cross section is trapezoidal shape, its height and up and down bottom width are decided with plot landform and the discrepancy in elevation, need not cement coating after the rectangular slab of stone (or piece stone, hollow brick) construction, be convenient to leak water to form the nature gap.Pile up at the rectangular slab of stone (or piece stone, hollow brick) the hard bed of material top earthing and the compacting that form and form soil layer 1, soil layer thickness is generally 20～30cm, specifically according to the suitable growth thickness of field bund economic plants hedge institute Plants and decide, to guarantee to be enough to provide the required moisture of plant growth and nutrient.

The short filling of planted on two sides careless industrial crops 3 in soil layer top be must guard against high arbor in plantation, and the root system of short filling grass industrial crops conversely again can fixed field bund, further strengthens native stone in conjunction with the steadiness of ridge bank.Be used as the road of walking in the middle of soil layer.

In order to strengthen the adhesion of the hard bed of material and soil layer, when preventing that rainfall is excessive, rainwater washes away soil layer and causes soil erosion, the present invention carries out roughening to hard bed of material upper surface 5 and processes to form non-smooth matsurface, the upper surface that contacts with soil layer at the hard bed of material 2 is simultaneously dug the groove 4 of some, depth of groove is roughly 3～6cm, and soil layer 1 is partially submerged in groove 4.Groove 4 forms miniature moisture holder, is convenient to keep soil moisture to supply with plant growth, and groove also can strengthen the adhesion between the hard bed of material and soil layer simultaneously.

Be laid with along differing heights the drain hole 6 that some inside and outside walls connect at the hard bed of material 2 walls, strengthen the drainability in rainy season, avoid the heavy showers runoff to produce damage to the hard bed of material.The drain hole section gross area is the 1/30-1/40 of whole wall area, has so both realized effective draining, does not affect again the stable of the hard bed of material.

Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment, the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. the ridge, arable land, slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges bank construction method is characterized in that: its stage of construction is,

1) plough on the slope original sill position is built by the rectangular slab of stone, piece stone or hollow brick and is piled up the hard bed of material ridge bank that forms, and need not cement coating when piling up to form the nature gap; Hard bed of material upper surface carries out the adhesion between roughening is processed to strengthen and the back will arrange soil layer and spaced apartly is carved with some grooves, and groove forms the moisture holder, also strengthens the adhesion between the soil layer that the hard bed of material and back will arrange simultaneously;

2) in hard bed of material upper surface earthing and compacting to form soil layer, soil layer is partially submerged in groove, the thickness of the above soil layer of groove is 20～30cm;

3) the careless economic plants of the short filling of soil layer top planted on two sides, middle as the walking road.

2. the ridge, arable land, slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges according to claim 1 bank construction method is characterized in that: described hard bed of material wall is laid with along differing heights the drain hole that some inside and outside walls connect.

3. the ridge, arable land, slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges bank is characterized in that: it consists of by the up and down is two-layer, and lower floor is the hard bed of material (2), and the upper strata is soil layer (1), and the hard bed of material (2) is piled up by the rectangular slab of stone, piece stone or hollow brick and formed and form the nature gap; Soil layer (1) thickness is 20～30cm, and soil layer (1) the careless economic plants of the short filling of top planted on two sides (3) is middle as the walking road.

4. the ridge, arable land, slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges according to claim 3 bank, it is characterized in that: the upper surface that the described hard bed of material (2) contacts with soil layer carries out roughening to be processed and the spaced apart some grooves (4) that are carved with, groove (4) degree of depth is 3～6cm, and soil layer (2) is partially submerged in groove (4).

5. the ridge, arable land, slope, reservoir area of Three Gorges according to claim 3 bank, it is characterized in that: the described hard bed of material (2) wall is laid with along differing heights the drain hole (6) that some inside and outside walls connect, and the drain hole section gross area is the 1/30-1/40 of whole wall area.