CN106581273A - 一种蓖麻油药剂 - Google Patents
一种蓖麻油药剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106581273A CN106581273A CN201611125276.8A CN201611125276A CN106581273A CN 106581273 A CN106581273 A CN 106581273A CN 201611125276 A CN201611125276 A CN 201611125276A CN 106581273 A CN106581273 A CN 106581273A
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- oleum ricini
- fructus
- castor bean
- fructus kaki
- medicament
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种蓖麻油药剂,通过将蓖麻籽初榨后,再采用一种新的精炼技术去除蓖麻油中所含的蓖麻毒蛋白,继而添加多味中草药组分即可制得一种蓖麻油药剂。本发明采用的精炼技术能有效去除蓖麻油中的蓖麻毒蛋白,且无需高温、加压,降低了能耗,更为节能;过程中无需添加任何化学试剂,无毒副作用。添加的多味中草药组分互相配伍、协同增效,使本发明制得的蓖麻油药剂具有润肠通便、补气益肾等功效,适合中老年便秘患者使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及油脂工业技术领域,特别涉及一种蓖麻油药剂。
背景技术
蓖麻油,为大戟科植物蓖麻的成熟种子经榨取并精制得到的脂肪油。蓖麻油经济价值高,由于其具有良好的稳定性、保色性、可挠性、颜料分散性、湿润性、润滑性、低温特性、电气特性以及生物特性,因此被广泛应用于涂料工业、塑料工业、橡胶工业、建材工业、金属工业以及机械工业等多个工业领域。
在医学方面,它是药用泻剂,具有润肠通便的功效,用于肠燥便秘;但是蓖麻种子中含有一种蓖麻毒蛋白(Ricin),含量占籽重的1%-5%,研究表明,蓖麻毒蛋白是天然药物中最毒的蛋白之一,对所有哺乳动物真核细胞都有毒害作用,成人致死量为7mg,因此初榨之后的蓖麻油需经过精炼,以去除其所含的蓖麻毒蛋白后,才能作为药剂使用。现有的蓖麻毒蛋白去除工艺包括加热、加压蒸汽处理法,可以使蓖麻毒蛋白变性,失去毒性,其方法的缺点是在干热的情况下,蓖麻毒蛋白的变性很小,且用于大规模生产时,能耗较高;硫酸铵沉淀析出法,此方法虽可有效的分离出蓖麻毒蛋白,但使用的化学试剂亦对人体有害。因此,有必要开发更高效、节能、无毒副作用的新的蓖麻油精炼方法。
火麻仁:为桑科植物大麻的干燥成熟种子。其味甘,性平;归脾、胃、大肠经。功能主治:润肠通便、润燥杀虫。
熟地黄:原名地黄,又名怀庆地黄、熟地,为玄参科、地黄属植物。其味甘,性微温;归肝、肾经。功能与主治:滋阴补血,益精填髓。用于肝肾阴虚,腰膝酸软,骨蒸潮热,盗汗遗精,内热消渴,血虚萎黄,心悸怔忡,月经不调,崩漏下血,眩晕,耳鸣,须发早白。
肉苁蓉:是一种寄生在沙漠树木梭梭根部的寄生植物,从梭梭寄主中吸取养分及水分。素有“沙漠人参”之美誉。其性温、味甘、咸;归肾、大肠经。功能主治:补肾阳,益精血,润肠通便,用于:阳痿,不孕,腰膝酸软,筋骨无力,肠燥便秘。
黄芪:又名绵芪,蝶形花科,多年生草本。其味甘,性微温;归肺、脾、肝、肾经。功能主治:益气固表、敛汗固脱、托疮生肌、利水消肿之功效。用于气虚乏力,食少便溏,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,便血崩漏,表虚自汗,气虚水肿黄芪圆片,痈疽难溃,久溃不敛,血虚痿黄,内热消渴;慢性肾炎蛋白尿,糖尿病。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种蓖麻油药剂,此蓖麻油药剂有效的去除了蓖麻油中的蓖麻毒蛋白,并且更为节能,此药剂还具有具有润肠通便、补气益肾等功效,适合中老年便秘患者使用。
一种蓖麻油药剂其技术方案是
以蓖麻籽、乙醇、柿子、火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪为原料,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:
蓖麻籽,去壳、干燥、粉碎,得到蓖麻籽;
柿子,选取未成熟的青柿子、洗净、去皮、取果肉,将果肉置于榨汁机中,榨成泥浆状,继而用滤网过滤得到柿子汁;
火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪,放入清水中浸泡8-10小时,之后放入烘干箱中烘干,切碎后投入特制的砂锅内,加水熬煮,先用大火煮沸,继而用文火熬煮3-5小时,用100-120目的筛网滤去滤渣,得到中草药药液;
(2)蓖麻油制备:①初榨:将预处理好的蓖麻籽放在立式蒸炒锅内进行高水分蒸炒,蒸炒温度控制在95-100℃,时间为40-60分钟,湿润水分控制在12-16%,蒸炒结束后得到蓖麻籽粨,然后将蓖麻籽粨投入到水压压榨机中进行冷榨,温度控制在35-50℃,冷榨结束后用滤网分离出油渣,即可得到初榨蓖麻油;
②精炼:往精炼:往初榨的蓖麻油中加入等量的乙醇,混合均匀后再添加预处理好的柿子汁,进行加热搅拌,温度控制在45-60℃,其中蓖麻油与柿子汁的质量体积比为1:1-1:2.3,充分搅拌后,静置1-2小时,用超滤膜进行真空抽滤,除去沉淀物,即可得到精炼后的蓖麻油混合物;
(3)药剂的制备:在精炼后的蓖麻油中添加制备好的中草药药液,添加量为5-12%,混合均匀后,杀菌,装罐即可。
本发明的有益效果:
1.青柿子中富含鞣酸,含量约为25%,而鞣酸能与蛋白中氨基酸的氨基端结合,使蛋白质变
性凝固沉淀,蓖麻油可以溶于乙醇,蓖麻毒蛋白却不溶于乙醇,因此在初榨后的蓖麻油中加入白酒和柿子汁,可以利用柿子中的鞣酸使蓖麻毒蛋白发生变性,从而凝固沉淀,进而通过过滤去除沉淀物,达到去除蓖麻毒蛋白的效果,此精炼工艺无需高温、加压,大大降低了生产时的能耗,节省了成本,而且过程中不添加任何化学试剂,无毒副作用。
2.添加的各味中草药,互相配伍协同增效,使本发明的蓖麻油试剂具有润肠通便、补气益肾、滋阴补血等功效,适合中老年便秘患者使用。
具体实施方式:
实施例1:一种蓖麻油药剂,其特征在于,以蓖麻籽、乙醇、柿子、火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪为原料,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:
蓖麻籽,去壳、干燥、粉碎,得到蓖麻籽;
柿子,选取未成熟的青柿子、洗净、去皮、取果肉,将果肉置于榨汁机中,榨成泥浆状,继而用滤网过滤得到柿子汁;
火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪,放入清水中浸泡8小时,之后放入烘干箱中烘干,切碎后投入特制的砂锅内,加水熬煮,先用大火煮沸,继而用文火熬煮3小时,用120目的筛网滤去滤渣,得到中草药药液;
(2)蓖麻油制备:①初榨:将预处理好的蓖麻籽放在立式蒸炒锅内进行高水分蒸炒,蒸炒温度控制在95℃,时间为40分钟,湿润水分控制在13%,蒸炒结束后得到蓖麻籽粨,然后将蓖麻籽粨投入到水压压榨机中进行冷榨,温度控制在40℃,冷榨结束后用滤网分离出油渣,即可得到初榨蓖麻油;
②精炼:往初榨的蓖麻油中加入等量的乙醇,混合均匀后再添加预处理好的柿子汁,进行加热搅拌,温度控制在56℃,其中蓖麻油与柿子汁的质量体积比为1:1.9,充分搅拌后,静置2小时,用超滤膜进行真空抽滤,除去沉淀物,即可得到精炼后的蓖麻油混合物;
(3)药剂的制备:在精炼后的蓖麻油中添加制备好的中草药药液,添加量为7%,混合均匀后,杀菌,装罐即可。
实施例2:一种蓖麻油药剂,其特征在于,以蓖麻籽、乙醇、柿子、火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪、紫菀、枳壳为原料,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:
蓖麻籽,去壳、干燥、粉碎,得到蓖麻籽;
柿子,选取未成熟的青柿子、洗净、去皮、取果肉,将果肉置于榨汁机中,榨成泥浆状,继而用滤网过滤得到柿子汁;
火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪,放入清水中浸泡10小时,之后放入烘干箱中烘干,切碎后投入特制的砂锅内,加水熬煮,先用大火煮沸,继而用文火熬煮4小时,用120目的筛网滤去滤渣,得到中草药药液;
(2)蓖麻油制备:①初榨:将预处理好的蓖麻籽放在立式蒸炒锅内进行高水分蒸炒,蒸炒温度控制在95℃,时间为50分钟,湿润水分控制在14%,蒸炒结束后得到蓖麻籽粨,然后将蓖麻籽粨投入到水压压榨机中进行冷榨,温度控制在40℃,冷榨结束后用滤网分离出油渣,即可得到初榨蓖麻油;
②精炼:往初榨的蓖麻油中加入等量的乙醇,混合均匀后再添加预处理好的柿子汁,进行加热搅拌,温度控制在52℃,其中蓖麻油与柿子汁的质量体积比为1:2,充分搅拌后,静置2小时,用超滤膜进行真空抽滤,除去沉淀物,即可得到精炼后的蓖麻油混合物;
(3)药剂的制备:在精炼后的蓖麻油中添加制备好的中草药药液,添加量为6%,混合均匀后,杀菌,装罐即可。
实施例2中添加的2味中草药紫菀和枳壳。
紫菀:别名青苑、紫倩、小辫等;菊科紫菀属,多年生草本。其味苦;辛;性温,归肺经,功能主治:有润肺下气、化痰止咳的功效。
枳壳:药用来源为芸香科植物酸橙及其栽培变种的干燥未成熟果实。其性苦、辛、酸,温。归脾、胃经。功能主治:具有理气宽中,行滞消胀的作用,主要用于胸胁气滞,胀满疼痛,食积不化,痰饮内停,脏器下垂等症状。
实施例3:一种蓖麻油药剂,其特征在于,以蓖麻籽、乙醇、柿子、火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪、紫菀、枳壳、厚朴、洒大黄为原料,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:
蓖麻籽,去壳、干燥、粉碎,得到蓖麻籽;
柿子,选取未成熟的青柿子、洗净、去皮、取果肉,将果肉置于榨汁机中,榨成泥浆状,继而用滤网过滤得到柿子汁;
火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪,放入清水中浸泡10小时,之后放入烘干箱中烘干,切碎后投入特制的砂锅内,加水熬煮,先用大火煮沸,继而用文火熬煮4小时,用120目的筛网滤去滤渣,得到中草药药液;
(2)蓖麻油制备:①初榨:将预处理好的蓖麻籽放在立式蒸炒锅内进行高水分蒸炒,蒸炒温度控制在95℃,时间为50分钟,湿润水分控制在15%,蒸炒结束后得到蓖麻籽粨,然后将蓖麻籽粨投入到水压压榨机中进行冷榨,温度控制在50℃,冷榨结束后用滤网分离出油渣,即可得到初榨蓖麻油;
②精炼:往初榨的蓖麻油中加入等量的乙醇,混合均匀后再添加预处理好的柿子汁,进行加热搅拌,温度控制在60℃,其中蓖麻油与柿子汁的质量体积比为1:2.2,充分搅拌后,静置2小时,用超滤膜进行真空抽滤,除去沉淀物,即可得到精炼后的蓖麻油混合物;
(3)药剂的制备:在精炼后的蓖麻油中添加制备好的中草药药液,添加量为7.2%,混合均匀后,杀菌,装罐即可。
实施例3中添加的2味中草药厚朴和洒大黄。
厚朴:植物学范围内别名紫朴、紫油朴、温朴等,为木兰科、木兰属植物。其味苦,辛,性温;归脾、胃、肺、大肠经。功能主治:具有燥湿消痰,下气除满的功效。
洒大黄:多种蓼科大黄属的多年生植物。其味苦,性寒。归胃、脾、大肠、肝、心包经。功能主治:具有泻热通便功效,用于胃肠实热积滞、大便秘结、腹部胀满、疼痛拒按,甚至高热不退、神昏谵语,如大承气汤;或脾阳不足之冷积便秘,如温脾汤。
以上的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通工程技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明的权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
本发明未涉及部分均与现有技术相同或可采用现有技术加以实现。
Claims (1)
1.一种蓖麻油药剂,其特征在于,以蓖麻籽、乙醇、柿子、火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪为原料,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:
蓖麻籽,去壳、干燥、粉碎,得到蓖麻籽;
柿子,选取未成熟的青柿子、洗净、去皮、取果肉,将果肉置于榨汁机中,榨成泥浆状,继而用滤网过滤得到柿子汁;
火麻仁、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、黄芪,放入清水中浸泡8-10小时,之后放入烘干箱中烘干,切碎后投入特制的砂锅内,加水熬煮,先用大火煮沸,继而用文火熬煮3-5小时,用100-120目的筛网滤去滤渣,得到中草药药液;
(2)蓖麻油制备:①初榨:将预处理好的蓖麻籽放在立式蒸炒锅内进行高水分蒸炒,蒸炒温度控制在95-100℃,时间为40-60分钟,湿润水分控制在12-16%,蒸炒结束后得到蓖麻籽粨,然后将蓖麻籽粨投入到水压压榨机中进行冷榨,温度控制在35-50℃,冷榨结束后用滤网分离出油渣,即可得到初榨蓖麻油;
②精炼:往初榨的蓖麻油中加入等量的乙醇,混合均匀后再添加预处理好的柿子汁,进行加热搅拌,温度控制在45-60℃,其中蓖麻油与柿子汁的质量体积比为1:1-1:2.3,充分搅拌后,静置1-2小时,用超滤膜进行真空抽滤,除去沉淀物,即可得到精炼后的蓖麻油混合物;
(3)药剂的制备:在精炼后的蓖麻油中添加制备好的中草药药液,添加量为5-12%,混合均匀后,杀菌,装罐即可。
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