CN106573575A - 电子反射镜装置 - Google Patents
电子反射镜装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
电子反射镜装置具有显示器和控制单元。显示器具有本体机壳、影像显示单元和调光滤光器,被设置在车厢内的后视镜的安装位置,显示在车辆上装载的摄像机拍摄的影像。本体机壳具有开口部,影像显示单元被安装在本体机壳的开口部中。调光滤光器与影像显示单元的显示面对置配置,基于通电而可至少切换为光反射方式和透光方式的二方式。控制单元控制影像显示单元和调光滤光器。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及对驾驶员提示在车辆上装载的摄像机拍摄的图像的电子反射镜装置。
背景技术
以往的电子反射镜装置将车辆上装载的摄像机拍摄的图像显示在设置在车厢内的后视镜的安装位置的显示装置上。显示装置具有在驾驶座位侧有开口部的本体机壳和本体机壳上安装的显示器。显示器具有将显示面配置在驾驶座位侧的半反射镜、以及与该半反射镜的驾驶座位侧配置在相反侧的影像显示单元(例如作为与此类似的现有文献,可参照专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开平11-291817号公报
发明内容
本发明提供具有视认性高的显示器的电子反射镜装置。
本发明的电子反射镜装置具有显示器和控制单元。显示器具有本体机壳、影像显示单元和调光滤光器,被设置在车厢内的后视镜的安装位置,显示在车辆上装载的摄像机拍摄的影像。本体机壳有开口部,影像显示单元被安装在本体机壳的开口部中。调光滤光器与影像显示单元的显示面对置配置,基于通电可至少切换为光反射方式和透光方式的二方式。控制单元控制影像显示单元和调光滤光器。
根据本发明,调光滤光器基于通电至少表示光反射方式和透光方式的二方式,控制单元控制影像显示单元和调光滤光器。因此,能够同时提高通过摄像机影像确认后方的情况下的视认性、以及通过调光滤光器的光反射方式的反射面确认后方的情况下的视认性。
附图说明
图1表示本发明的实施方式1中的装载了电子反射镜装置的汽车的车厢内的正视图。
图2是图1所示的汽车的俯视图。
图3是从侧面表示图1所示的汽车的内部的概略图。
图4是图1所示的电子反射镜装置的显示器的正视图。
图5是图4所示的显示器的剖面图。
图6是本发明的实施方式1中的电子反射镜装置的控制框图。
图7是表示本发明的实施方式1中的电子反射镜装置的动作的一例的流程图。
图8是本发明的实施方式1中的电子反射镜装置所使用的调光滤光器的特性图。
图9是本发明的实施方式1的变形例中的电子反射镜装置的显示器的剖面图。
图10是本发明的实施方式1的变形例中的电子反射镜装置的控制框图。
具体实施方式
在本发明的实施方式的说明之前,简单地说明以往的电子反射镜装置中的问题。在前述的以往例中,在显示器显示由摄像机拍摄的图像的情况下,影像显示单元显示该影像。此外,在不显示摄像机影像的情况下,断开对影像显示单元的通电,驾驶员通过半反射镜的反射影像来确认后方。
可是,在通过摄像机影像确认后方的状态下,驾驶员通过半反射镜来确认影像,所以与直接目视影像显示单元的情况相比,视认性较低。
此外,在通过半反射镜确认后方的状态下,由于半反射镜仅将相当于一半的反射光供给驾驶员,所以与从全部反射光进行后方确认的结构相比,视认性较低。
以下,参照附图,以本发明的实施方式的电子反射镜装置装载在车辆上的情况为例来说明。
(实施方式1)
图1是表示本发明的实施方式1中的装载了电子反射镜装置60的汽车1的车厢2内的正视图。图2是汽车1的俯视图,图3是从侧面表示汽车1的内部的概略图。图4是电子反射镜装置60的显示器6的正视图,图5是显示器6的剖面图。图6是电子反射镜装置60的控制框图。
在汽车1的车厢2内的前方配置驾驶座位3和助手座位4,而且在车厢2内的后方,配置后座5。此外,在驾驶座位3和助手座位4之间的前方部分,在后视镜的安装位置,相对安装单元7自由可动地调整安装构成电子反射镜装置60的显示器6。即,电子反射镜装置60被配置在驾驶座位3的前方。此外,在车厢2内的后座5的后方,设置拍摄汽车1的后方的摄像机8。
如图4所示,显示器6通过操作单元603的操作可将显示器6的显示切换为图5所示的作为影像显示单元的液晶显示器601的影像显示、以及作为反射镜的调光滤光器602的显示。
如图5所示,显示器6具有:本体机壳6A;影像显示单元即液晶显示器601;调光滤光器602;以及操作单元603。本体机壳6A有面向驾驶座位3开口的开口部6B。液晶显示器601被安装在开口部6B中使得显示面601A朝向驾驶座位3,并容纳在本体机壳6A中。液晶显示器601显示摄像机8拍摄的影像。调光滤光器602被设在比液晶显示器601靠近驾驶座位3的位置。即,调光滤光器602与液晶显示器601的显示面601A对置配置。操作单元603接受驾驶员等的液晶显示器601的接通、关断(ON、OFF)操作。
调光滤光器602能够基于通电而可变地控制其透过率和反射率,至少表示光反射方式和透光方式的二方式。再有,这样表示光反射方式和透光方式的二方式的调光滤光器,例如详细地记载在特开2012-181389号公报中,有关其结构、特性等的说明被简化。
液晶显示器601、调光滤光器602、操作单元603如图6所示连接到控制单元604。在控制单元604中,还连接着存储单元605、摄像机8。在存储单元605中,存储有控制单元604用于控制电子反射镜装置60的显示器6的控制程序、临时地保持的数据和控制数据等。
对于以上那样构成的电子反射镜装置60,说明主要的动作的一例。
图7是表示电子反射镜装置60的主要的动作的一例的流程图。
若开始处理,则控制单元604控制对调光滤光器602供给的电源(未图示),将调光滤光器602设为反射率比50%高的光反射方式,同时将液晶显示器601设为关断状态,将摄像机8设为驱动状态(步骤S701)。
优选若开始处理,则控制对调光滤光器602供给的电源(未图示)并将调光滤光器602设为反射率比80%高的光反射方式。
由于调光滤光器602为光反射方式,所以在该状态下驾驶员能够将其作为反射镜来确认后方。调光滤光器602的反射率比以往所用的半反射镜的反射率50%高,作为其结果,能够得到比通过以往的半反射镜视认后方的情况下的视认性高的视认性。
通过操作单元603的操作,控制单元604判定显示器6的显示是否被切换为液晶显示器601的显示(步骤S702)。在没有进行切换操作的情况下,直至进行切换操作为止反复进行该判定(步骤S702:“否”)。
通过操作单元603的操作,在显示器6的显示被切换为液晶显示器601的显示的情况下(步骤S702为“是”),控制单元604控制对调光滤光器602供给的电源(未图示),使调光滤光器602成为透过率高于50%的透光方式,同时使液晶显示器601成为接通(ON)状态(步骤S703)。
优选在切换为液晶显示器601的显示的情况下(步骤S702为“是”),控制单元604控制对调光滤光器602供给的电源(未图示),将调光滤光器602设为透过率高于80%的透光方式。
在该状态下驾驶员能够通过调光滤光器602根据在液晶显示器601映出的摄像机影像来确认后方。调光滤光器602的透过率比以往的半反射镜的透过率50%高,因此能够得到比以往高的视认性。
控制单元604根据操作单元603的操作判定显示器6的显示是否被切换为光反射方式(作为反射镜)的调光滤光器602的显示(步骤S704)。在没有进行切换操作的情况下,反复进行该判定直至进行切换操作为止(步骤S704为“否”)。
在显示器6的显示被切换为光反射方式(作为反射镜)的调光滤光器602的显示的情况下(步骤S702为“是”),控制单元604转移到步骤S701的处理。控制单元604实施图7所示的处理直至电子反射镜装置60的电源被切断为止。
如以上那样,根据本实施方式中的电子反射镜装置60,将基于通电而至少表示光反射方式和透光方式的二方式的调光滤光器602设在液晶显示器601的驾驶座位3侧,控制单元604控制液晶显示器601和调光滤光器602的透光状态(光反射率、透光率)。控制单元604在将液晶显示器601设为接通状态的状况下,使调光滤光器602的透光率高于50%。此外,控制单元604进行控制,以在将液晶显示器601设为关断状态的状况下,使调光滤光器602的光反射率高于50%。
然后,通过这样控制,实现液晶显示器601的视认性提高,此外,通过将调光滤光器602设为光反射方式,提高将调光滤光器602作为反射镜使用的情况下的视认性。即,能够提高液晶显示器601的后方确认和调光滤光器602的反射镜功能的后方确认的双方的视认性。
再有,在上述实施方式中,在调光滤光器602设为光反射方式进行反射镜的后方确认的情况下,使液晶显示器601为关断状态,而在进行调光滤光器602的反射镜的后方确认的情况下,也可以是根据周围的环境调整调光滤光器602的反射率的结构。而且,在进行调光滤光器602的反射镜的后方确认的情况下也可以为驱动液晶显示器601的结构。
在将调光滤光器602作为反射镜进行后方确认的情况下,优选将调光滤光器602整个面地设为银色的反射面,作为反射镜的后方确认,但也有根据状况,不将调光滤光器602设为整个面的银色反射面的方式较好的情况。
例如,在调光滤光器602是整个面的银色的反射面的情况下,也有感到刺眼的情况,所以在那时,使调光滤光器602的光反射率略微降低。此时,作为调光滤光器602,由于成为在整个面的反射面内存在较小的孔的状况,这样一来,能够降低作为反射镜的光反射率,并抑制刺眼。作为驾驶员感到刺眼的状况,假定调光滤光器602被照射较强的光(例如,后续车的前照灯)的情况。即,在从车辆后方被照射较强的光时使调光滤光器602的光反射率略微降低即可。具体而言,在判断为摄像机8拍摄的影像的亮度为某个阈值以上的情况下,控制对调光滤光器602所施加的电压,使调光滤光器602的光反射率降低。通过调光滤光器602的光反射率降低,驾驶员感觉的刺眼被抑制。而且,根据摄像机8拍摄的影像的亮度的增减,也可以增减调光滤光器602的光反射率。此时,由于液晶显示器601为关断状态,所以在摄像机8拍摄的影像不显示在液晶显示器601上。
此外,在存在这样较小的孔的状况中,通过在调光滤光器602的背面侧存在的液晶显示器601,若成为显示较弱的、例如蓝色的结构,则从较小的孔向调光滤光器602的前面侧(驾驶座位3侧)泄露蓝色的光,能够使成为该光反射方式的调光滤光器602的反射影像稍微变蓝,由此也能够抑制对驾驶员的刺眼。
图8是表示电子反射镜装置60中使用的调光滤光器602从光反射方式转移到透光方式时的、光反射率和透光率的变化的曲线图。横轴表示从停止对调光滤光器602的电压施加起的经过时间(秒),纵轴表示调光滤光器602的光反射率或透光率。如图8所示,若停止对调光滤光器602的电压施加,则透光率缓慢地增加,光反射率缓慢地减少。紧接停止电压施加之后,是调光滤光器602从光反射方式切换到透光方式的过渡期。可知直至透光率达到50%为止,需要约20秒。之后,若经过更长的时间,则光反射率和透光率稳定。
图8的时间T表示将液晶显示器601从关断状态切换到接通状态的定时。在紧接停止了调光滤光器602电压施加之后,由于光反射率仍然较高,所以若在该状态下使液晶显示器601为接通状态,则有可能看到液晶显示器601所显示的影像和调光滤光器602的反射图像的双重图像。因此,优选在停止了调光滤光器602电压施加之后,从隔开规定时间起使液晶显示器601为接通状态。再有,在本实施方式中,T=2秒。
再有,使调光滤光器602为透光方式时,不是完全地停止对调光滤光器602的电压施加,也可以施加微小的电压。这种情况下,也优选在将调光滤光器602从光反射方式切换为透光方式时,在使对调光滤光器602的施加电压值变化之后,从隔开规定时间起将液晶显示器601设为接通状态。
相反地,考虑调光滤光器602从透光方式转移到光反射方式的情况。从图8可知,即使停止对调光滤光器602的电压施加,在光反射率的值稳定之后,调光滤光器602的光反射率也保持为10%左右。该状态的调光滤光器602,尽管光反射率不足,但如果是短时间,则也可作为反射镜使用。因此,调光滤光器602从透光方式转移到光反射方式时,也可以在开始对调光滤光器602的电压施加的同时将液晶显示器601从接通状态切换到关断状态。若在对调光滤光器602的电压施加开始后仍将液晶显示器601设为接通状态,则担心伴随调光滤光器602的反射率的增加,有可能看到液晶显示器601上所显示的影像和作为反射镜的调光滤光器602的反射图像的双重图像。
但是,在透光方式中的调光滤光器602的光反射率极小的情况下,优选在对调光滤光器602的电压施加开始后,从隔开规定时间起将液晶显示器601从接通(ON)状态切换到关断(OFF)状态。因为在调光滤光器602的光反射率为极小的状态下,若使液晶显示器601为关断状态,驾驶员通过液晶显示器601和调光滤光器602的哪一个都不能进行后方确认。
(实施方式1的变形例)
图9是实施方式1的变形例的显示器16的剖面图。对与实施方式1同样的结构,通过附加相同的标号而省略说明。本变形例与实施方式1不同之点是,光传感器606被安装在本体机壳6A上。光传感器606测量对调光滤光器602所照射的光的照度。此外,图10是本变形例的电子反射镜装置61的控制框图。光传感器606的输出被输入到控制单元604。以下,说明本变形例的动作。
电子反射镜装置61使调光滤光器602为光反射方式,在进行反射镜的后方确认时动作。调光滤光器602为光反射方式时,若调光滤光器602被照射较强的光(例如,后续车的前照灯),驾驶员感到刺眼的情况如上述那样。因此,在本变形例中,通过基于由光传感器606测量出的光的照度来控制调光滤光器602的反射率,抑制驾驶员感觉的刺眼。
具体而言,在调光滤光器602为光反射方式时,控制单元604基于光传感器606的输出,监视对调光滤光器602所照射的光的照度。控制单元604在判断为对调光滤光器602所照射的光的照度为阈值以上的情况下,控制对调光滤光器602施加的电压,使调光滤光器602的光反射率降低。通过调光滤光器602的光反射率降低,抑制驾驶员感觉的刺眼。而且,也可以根据光传感器606的输出值的增减,增减调光滤光器602的光反射率。
本变形例在有被后续车的前照灯照射的顾虑的夜间特别有效,所以也可使其仅在夜间动作。是否为夜间,可以基于光传感器606的信号来判断,也可以通过将本车辆的前照灯亮灯时所输出的照明电源(ILL)信号来判断。
再有,也可以为从本变形例的显示器16中除去液晶显示器601、操作单元603,而且与摄像机8也不连接的结构。在这样的结构中,将调光滤光器602始终设为光反射方式,进行反射镜的后方确认。即使这样的结构,通过在调光滤光器602被照射较强的光时降低调光滤光器602的反射率,也能够抑制驾驶员感受到的刺眼。
工业实用性
本发明的电子反射镜,作为车载用的监视装置是有用的。
标号说明
1 汽车
2 车厢
3 驾驶座位
4 助手座位
5 后座
6,16 显示器
7 安装单元
8 摄像机
6A 本体机壳
6B 开口部
60,61 电子反射镜装置
601 液晶显示器
601A 显示面
602 调光滤光器
603 操作单元
604 控制单元
605 存储单元
606 光传感器
Claims (4)
1.电子反射镜装置,包括:
显示器,被设置在车厢内的后视镜的安装位置,显示在车辆上装载的摄像机拍摄的影像;以及
控制单元,控制所述显示器,
所述显示器具有:
本体机壳,其具有开口部;
影像显示单元,其具有显示面,被安装在所述本体机壳的所述开口部中;以及
调光滤光器,其与所述影像显示单元的所述显示面对置配置,
所述调光滤光器基于通电而至少可切换为光反射方式和透光方式的二方式,
所述控制单元控制所述影像显示单元和所述调光滤光器。
2.如权利要求1所述的电子反射镜装置,
在所述影像显示单元中显示所述摄像机拍摄的所述影像的情况下,所述控制单元将所述调光滤光器设为所述透光方式,在所述影像显示单元中不显示所述摄像机拍摄的所述影像的情况下,所述控制单元将所述调光滤光器设为所述光反射方式。
3.如权利要求2所述的电子反射镜装置,
在所述影像显示单元中不显示所述摄像机拍摄的所述影像的情况下,所述控制单元将所述调光滤光器设为所述光反射方式,同时使所述影像显示单元被驱动,使来自所述影像显示单元的一部分光透过所述调光滤光器。
4.如权利要求2所述的电子反射镜装置,
所述控制单元在从所述调光滤光器的通电状态变化起至规定时间后,将所述影像显示单元从不显示所述摄像机拍摄的所述影像的状态切换到显示的状态。
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WO2023130209A1 (zh) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-13 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 显示装置及后视镜 |
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WO2016017114A1 (ja) | 2016-02-04 |
EP3176036A1 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
EP3176036A4 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
US10325550B2 (en) | 2019-06-18 |
JPWO2016017114A1 (ja) | 2017-05-25 |
US20170140699A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
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