CN106521965B - 一种超强抗静电氨纶纺丝油剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超强抗静电氨纶纺丝油剂及其制备方法,其超强抗静电氨纶纺丝油剂组分包括40‑80%质量的二甲基硅油、5‑30%质量的白油、1‑10%质量的有机硅季铵盐、0.1‑10%质量的硬脂酸金属盐、0.1‑10%质量的石墨烯,所述百分比含量为其组分含量占油剂总量的质量分数。本发明将超强抗静电新型材料石墨烯融入氨纶纺丝油剂中,使所制备的氨纶丝饼具有良好的成型,易退绕,极强的抗静电性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于氨纶干法纺丝过程中所使用的新型油剂,本发明的油剂不仅使氨纶丝具有良好的成型与退绕性能,还具有超强的抗静电性。
背景技术
氨纶(聚氨基甲酸酯)纤维是目前最富有弹性的一种合成纤维,具有优异的断裂伸长率及断裂强力,是高档纺织品生产中不可缺少的特殊纺织纤维,具有很高的应用价值和良好的发展前景。干法纺丝是目前普遍使用的氨纶生产工艺,其需要对氨纶丝进行上油,使氨纶丝在成型过程中具有良好的平滑性、集束性,在后期使用过程中易退绕、不塌边、底部断丝少,同时赋予氨纶丝一定的抗静电性能。
目前生产氨纶油剂的公司很多,油剂种类也较多,各品种的油剂中均加入了不同成分和含量的抗静电剂。但普遍抗静电性能较差,无法解决后道织造过程中的静电问题。如专利CN104372446A采用季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂为抗静电剂加入油剂中,具备了一定的抗静电性能,但仍无法完全满足织造需求;专利CN101525788将聚二甲基硅氧烷和磷酸盐混合物作为抗静电剂加入纺丝原液中,使产品具备了抗静电性,但其对原料用量大,成本高且工艺复杂,不利于实施。
石墨烯做为一种新型材料,它每个晶格内有三个σ键,所有碳原子的p轨道均与sp2杂化平面垂直,且以肩并肩的方式形成一个离域π键,其贯穿整个石墨烯。π电子在平面内可以自由移动,使石墨烯具有良好的导电性。石墨烯独特的结构使其具有室温半整数量子霍尔效应,双极性电场效应,超导电性,高载流子率等优异的电学性质,其载流子率在室温下可达到1.5×104cm2.V-1.S-1。因此,石墨烯做为超导电,抗静电材料正在被广泛研究各种材料领域,本发明创造性地将石墨烯加入氨纶纺丝油剂中,使氨纶丝具备了超强的抗静电性,对解决氨纶丝后道织造过程中的静电问题具有重要意义。
发明内容
技术问题:本发明的目的在于解决目前现有产品的不足,提供一种超强抗静电氨纶纺丝油剂,该产品制造工艺简便,可赋予氨纶丝良好的成型,退绕性和超强的抗静电性,适合多种干法氨纶纺丝工艺。
技术方案:本发明的一种超强抗静电氨纶纺丝油剂以重量计包括以下组分:
其中:
所述二甲基硅油在25℃时的运动粘度为5-100cst。
所述工业级白油为选自5#、7#、10#、15#、32#、46#、68#、100#白油中的一种或几种。
所述的石墨烯为单层石墨烯、氧化石墨烯或石墨微片中的一种或几种。
所述的硬脂酸金属盐为选自硬脂酸镁,硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸钡或硬脂酸锌中的一种或几种。
本发明的超强抗静电氨纶纺丝油剂的制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)将重量比为40~80%︰5~30%的二甲基硅油、工业白油依次加入到高速机械搅拌分散装置中搅拌1~4h,得到无色透明的组分;
2)将重量比为1-10%︰1-5%︰0.1-10%︰1-10%的有机硅季铵盐、2-烷基-1-烷醇、石墨烯、硬脂酸金属盐依次加入步骤1)得到的组分中,于20~50℃的温度下以100~500r/min的转速搅拌1~4h后经超声处理1~10h即得无色透明液体的纺丝油剂。
有益效果:
1.本发明采用硬脂酸盐作为防粘连组分,不仅可赋予氨纶丝优异的退绕性,而且在二甲基硅油中具有良好的分散稳定性,无需添加任何分散剂即可溶于二甲基硅油中。
2.本发明采用新型材料石墨烯为抗静电剂,通过机械搅拌与超声处理,使其均匀分散于油剂中,使其具有超强的抗静电性能。
3.本发明采用2-烷基-1-烷醇作为相容剂和稳定剂,可以使油剂保持长久的稳定性,油剂可以在0℃的条件下稳定储存半年以上。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将72%重量的二甲基硅油(25摄氏度时的运动粘度为10mPa.s),15%重量份的工业白油加入到高速机械搅拌分散装置中搅拌1h,得到无色透明的组分,再加入5%重量份有机硅季铵盐,3%重量份的2-烷基-1-烷醇,5%重量份的硬脂酸镁于装置中,于50℃的温度下以100r/min的转速搅拌0.5h后经声分散1小时即得氨纶干法纺丝油剂。
油剂的主要性能:
外观:无色透明
粘度:10.6mPa.s
密度:0.882mg/cm3
PH值:6-7
挥发分:0.35%(100℃,1h)。
实施例2
将70%重量的二甲基硅油(25摄氏度时的运动粘度为10mPa.s),15%重量份的工业白油加入到高速机械搅拌分散装置中搅拌1h,得到无色透明的组分,再加入5%重量份有机硅季铵盐,3%重量份的2-烷基-1-烷醇,2%重量份的氧化石墨烯,5%重量份的硬脂酸镁于装置中,于50℃的温度下以100r/min的转速搅拌0.5h后经声分散1小时即得氨纶干法纺丝油剂。
油剂的主要性能:
外观:无色透明
粘度:11.0mPa.s
密度:0.890mg/cm3
PH值:6-7
挥发分:0.34%(100℃,1h)。
实施例3
将68%重量的二甲基硅油(25摄氏度时的运动粘度为10mPa.s),15%重量份的工业白油加入到高速机械搅拌分散装置中搅拌1h,得到无色透明的组分,再加入5%重量份有机硅季铵盐,3%重量份的2-烷基-1-烷醇,4%重量份的氧化石墨烯,5%重量份的硬脂酸镁于装置中,于50℃的温度下以100r/min的转速搅拌0.5h后经声分散1小时即得氨纶干法纺丝油剂。
油剂的主要性能:
外观:无色透明
粘度:11.1mPa.s
密度:0.892mg/cm3
PH值:6-7
挥发分:0.34%(100℃,1h)
实施例4
将66%重量的二甲基硅油(25摄氏度时的运动粘度为10mPa.s),15%重量份的工业白油加入到高速机械搅拌分散装置中搅拌1h,得到无色透明的组分,再加入5%重量份有机硅季铵盐,3%重量份的2-烷基-1-烷醇,6%重量份的氧化石墨烯,5%重量份的硬脂酸镁于装置中,于50℃的温度下以100r/min的转速搅拌0.5h后经声分散1小时即得氨纶干法纺丝油剂。
油剂的主要性能:
外观:无色透明
粘度:11.2mPa.s
密度:0.895mg/cm3
PH值:6-7
挥发分:0.36%(100℃,1h)
实施例5
将63%重量的二甲基硅油(25摄氏度时的运动粘度为10mPa.s),15%重量份的工业白油加入到高速机械搅拌分散装置中搅拌1h,得到无色透明的组分,再加入5%重量份有机硅季铵盐,3%重量份的2-烷基-1-烷醇,9%重量份的氧化石墨烯,5%重量份的硬脂酸镁于装置中,于50℃的温度下以100r/min的转速搅拌0.5h后经声分散1小时即得氨纶干法纺丝油剂。
油剂的主要性能:
外观:无色透明
粘度:11.6mPa.s
密度:0.897mg/cm3
PH值:6-7
挥发分:0.36%(100℃,1h)
本发明实施例中制得的氨纶干法纺丝油剂与日本松本的含硬脂酸镁油剂RU-36进行对比实验。对纺丝过程,丝饼的物性指标进行对比,对比结果见表1。
表1
由表1可知,实施例中所制备的油剂具有很好的抗静电性,优于现在市场上抗静电最好的RU-36油剂,具有很好的抗静电效果。
Claims (2)
1.一种超强抗静电氨纶纺丝油剂,其特征在于,该氨纶纺丝油剂以重量计包括以下组分:
所述二甲基硅油在25℃时的运动粘度为5-100cst;
所述工业级白油为选自5#、7#、10#、15#、32#、46#、68#、100#白油中的一种或几种;
所述的石墨烯为单层石墨烯、氧化石墨烯或石墨微片中的一种或几种;
所述的硬脂酸金属盐为选自硬脂酸镁,硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸钡或硬脂酸锌中的一种或几种。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的超强抗静电氨纶纺丝油剂的制备方法,其特征在于该方法包括如下步骤:
1)将重量比为40~80%︰5~30%的二甲基硅油、工业白油依次加入到高速机械搅拌分散装置中搅拌1~4h,得到无色透明的组分;
2)将重量比为1-10%︰1-5%︰0.1-10%︰1-10%的有机硅季铵盐、2-烷基-1-烷醇、石墨烯、硬脂酸金属盐依次加入步骤1)得到的组分中,于20~50℃的温度下以100~500r/min的转速搅拌1~4h后经超声处理1~10h即得无色透明液体的纺丝油剂。
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