CN106495946A - A kind of Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106495946A CN106495946A CN201610938069.8A CN201610938069A CN106495946A CN 106495946 A CN106495946 A CN 106495946A CN 201610938069 A CN201610938069 A CN 201610938069A CN 106495946 A CN106495946 A CN 106495946A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material and preparation method thereof, its raw material components and dry weight number are：16～18 parts of Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, 8～10 parts of macadimia nut shell granule, 8～10 parts of bagasse, 10～12 parts of feces of livestock and poultry, 5～6 parts of plant ash, 1～2 part of humic acid, 17～18 parts of carbamide, 14～15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 10～11 parts of potassium chloride, 1～2 part of water-retaining agent, 0.5～1 part of microorganism formulation.According to pretreatment of raw material, fermentation reactor system becomes thoroughly decomposed, and adds raw material mix homogeneously, the technological process of granulation of fertilizer is obtained Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material, and which has slow releasing function, for the dedicated fertilizer of Arenga pinnata tree, fertilizer application frequency is reduced, reduces fertilising labour costs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to Arenga pinnata compound fertilizer, preparation method and applications.
Background technology
The mid-19th century, the chemurgy school with Germanization scholar Li Bixi as representative, viewpoint chemically is studying
Soil and plant nutrient, it is proposed that " mineral nutrition of plant theory ", it is believed that the nutrition of plant depend on the mineral nitrogen of soil into
Point and organic matter decomposition after the mineral that produces, only constantly give back and mineralization nutrient to soil, could remain native
Earth fertility.From this, chemical fertilizer is widely applied in the whole world, and crop yield is increased substantially.China has become in the world
Using the most country of chemical fertilizer, applying quantity of chemical fertilizer (pure amount of nutrients, similarly hereinafter) brings up to 2013 by 0.6 ten thousand tons in the early days of foundation
59120000 tons, per mu averagely reaches 21.9kg using chemical fertilizer amount, far above world average level (8 kilograms per mu).Due to chemical fertilizer
The restriction of the factors such as the performance of itself, soil environment condition and fertilizing method are improper, cause fertilizer absorbance low, waste seriously,
Cause the problems such as environmental pollution, hardening soil.Therefore the Ministry of Agriculture proposes fertilizer application amount and realizes zero growth rate, increases administration organic
The requirement of fertilizer.
China is herding big country, various feces of livestock and poultry aboundresources, while various agricultural crop straws, peel, shell are produced per year
Amount is huge, is the good raw material for making fertilizer.In the past, feces of livestock and poultry directly drained into rivers, at agricultural crop straw, shell burning
Reason, causes great environmental pollution.Enhancing with people's environmental consciousness and the demand to fertilizer are increasing, animal dung
Just fertilizer is made with agricultural byproducts into study hotspot.
Arenga pinnata (Classification system Arenga pinnata.) also known as gomuti, Shenmue, Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr., sugar tree, are Southwestern China ground
A kind of multiduty nonwood forest trees in area, its set marrow rich in starch, by its extract the Arenga pinnata powder that is made have without fat,
The features such as low calorie, high microsteping, and containing multiple trace element needed by human such as copper, ferrum, zinc, have the work(of remuval of damp and hot and nourishing
Can, there is auxiliary treatment to infantile malnutrition, heating, dysentery, laryngopharyngitis etc., be the green health with development potentiality
Product.It was recognized that the health-care effect and Development volue of Arenga pinnata powder, the artificial culture area of Arenga pinnata tree increases year by year.
Fertilizer is the key factor for improving Arenga pinnata powder yield, and fertilizer cost and fertilising cost of labor are in Arenga pinnata planting cost
Account for the key element of significant proportion.Thus, a kind of Arenga pinnata tree dedicated fertilizer is studied, particularly there is slow releasing function, can be subtracted
Juvenile fertilizer application frequency, can improve the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of utilization rate of fertilizer again, there is promotion to make to developing Arenga pinnata industry
With.
To 2～2.5m of the height of tree, the thick 25～30cm of stem can cut down and utilize Arenga pinnata length, and felling is first operated on from root,
Whole strain Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr. tree is cuted down, after divest sheath and petiole, then cane outer rim of pruning is wooden, takes its fleshy stem medulla section or smashs to pieces,
And then it is processed into Arenga pinnata powder.Therefore, discarded stem and leaf in a large number is produced in the Arenga pinnata powder course of processing, but relevant its circulates profit
Research has no report.
Macadimia nut (Classification system：Macadamia ternifolia F.Muell.) shell contain about 40% acid
Insoluble content of lignin, compares difficult for biological degradation, therefore, studies its purposes, makes fertilizer using which and is rarely reported.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material, which has good moisturizing and slow release
Effect, fertilizer efficiency are high, can effectively facilitate the growth of Arenga pinnata, while fertilizer application frequency can be reduced, reduce fertilising cost.
The Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material of the present invention, its raw material components and dry weight number are：
16～18 parts of Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, 8～10 parts of macadimia nut shell granule, 8～10 parts of bagasse, feces of livestock and poultry
10～12 parts, 5～6 parts of plant ash, 1～2 part of humic acid, 17～18 parts of carbamide (containing N >=46.4%), 14～15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate
(containing P2O5>=17%), potassium chloride is (containing K2O >=60%) 10～11 parts, 1～2 part of water-retaining agent, 0.5～1 part of microorganism formulation.
As the preferred of technical scheme, the Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, macadimia nut shell granule, bagasse, plant ash
Water content difference≤13%.
As the preferred of technical scheme, the Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, the length≤1.0cm of bagasse, width≤0.5cm；
Macadimia nut shell grain graininess is 100～200 mesh.
Used as the preferred of technical scheme, described feces of livestock and poultry is cattle manure, pig manure, sheep stool, mixes one or more of chicken manure
Compound.
Used as the preferred of technical scheme, described water-retaining agent is the polyacrylamide that matter average molecular weight is 8,000,000～10,000,000
Amine.
Used as the preferred of technical scheme, described microorganism formulation is activity >=1.0 × 108The Trichoderma viride of CFU/g.
The preparation method of the Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material of the present invention, preparation process are as follows：
(1) pretreatment：Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, bagasse stalk crasher are crushed to length≤1.0cm, width respectively
The coarse powder of≤0.5cm, standby；Macadimia nut shell pulverizer is crushed to 100～200 mesh granules, standby；
(2) fermentation reactor system：Proportioning raw materials are pressed by Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, macadimia nut shell granule, bagasse, animal dung
Just, plant ash, humic acid, calcium magnesium phosphate stirring mixing, being then covered by monolayer 0.006mm black thin films carries out fermentation reactor system 20-
25 days, fermentation reactor system obtained fermentation reactor system and becomes thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to turning in 10-11 days 1 time, standby；
(3) mix：After compost fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed, carbamide, potassium chloride collocation is weighed by proportioning raw materials and become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to fermentation reactor system
In, and stir；Then proceed to be proportionally added into microorganism formulation, water-retaining agent mix homogeneously；
(4) pelletize：Compound mixture material is delivered to fertilizer granulator, the Arenga pinnata that granularity is 3-5mm is made long-acting
Compound fertilizer special.
The application of the Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material of the present invention, including following fertilization mode：
(1) basal fertilizer applying method：Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material makees base in spring Arenga pinnata sapling transplanting
Fertilizer is applied, and under the conditions of planting site medium fertility, amount of application is 3.0～4.0kg/ strains；Under the low soil fertility condition of planting site, Saccharum Sinensis Roxb.
Cortex cocois radiciss long-acting specific composite fertilizer material amount of application takes the circumstances into consideration to increase 20-30%；Under the conditions of the high fertility of planting site, Arenga pinnata is long-acting specially
Take the circumstances into consideration to reduce 10-20% with compound fertilizer amount of application；30-40 days before Arenga pinnata sapling transplanting, depth 40- is dug by plantation specification
50cm, diameter 80-100cm cultivate cave, then apply Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material in earthing, make in fertilizer and cave
Mixing with soil；Transplant and no longer topdress then；
(2) topdress application process；2-4 after Arenga pinnata is transplanted, under the conditions of planting site medium fertility, every year
Amount of application is 4.5～5.0kg/ strains；Under the low soil fertility condition of planting site, Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material amount of application is taken the circumstances into consideration
Increase 25-30%；Under the conditions of the high fertility of planting site, Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material amount of application takes the circumstances into consideration to reduce 15-
20%；Impose the 2-3 months every year, annual alternately opposite sides digging depth 10- in the middle of the tree crown outer rim vertical lower and plant base portion
15cm, width 20-30cm, the bar ditch of long 60-80cm, the Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material that then will be applied when yearly plan
All apply in ditch and covering of earthing up.
The material composition of the present invention is analyzed as follows：
Arenga pinnata stem and leaf (Classification system：Arenga pinnata), also known as gomuti, Shenmue, Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr., sugar tree；Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. coconut palm
Containing abundant N, K, P element in the stem and leaf of son, contain trace element in a small amount of Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn etc. simultaneously；Sending out
After ferment becomes thoroughly decomposed, can be to provide multi mineral prime element in fertilizer, for proper as fertilizer material.
Macadimia nut (Classification system：Macadamia ternifolia F.Muell.) shell contain about 40% acid
Insoluble content of lignin, compares difficult for biological degradation.Therefore, its purposes is not wide, has research to make activated carbon with which, is made using which
It is rarely reported as fertilizer.Macadimia nut shell lignin is guaiacyl-Syringa oblata Lindl. fundamental mode lignin, containing more methoxy
Base, can form covalent chelate bonds with middle trace element, therefore, it is possible to trace element in adsorbing, be to make slow-release fertilizer preferably to inhale
Enclosure material.Macadimia nut shell is less through pulverization process, granule, and specific surface area is about big, can be with more trace element
Ion forms covalent bond, but the granule that crushes is less, and cost is also higher, and therefore, shell is crushed to 100 mesh～200 mesh and more passes through
Ji.Shell raw material usage amount is also worthy of careful study, and it is weak to have lacked sequestering power, wastes more, is therefore closed using the proportioning of the present invention the most
Suitable.
Bagasse, be cane milling sugaring produce by-product, the cellulose and a small amount of sucrose rich in easily biological-degradable,
Carbon source is provided for microorganism in composting fermentation process.A small amount of sucrose which contains can be utilized for microorganism rapidly, promote micro- life
Thing amount reproduction, is brought rapidly up fermenting mixture, enters and extend high temperature fermentation stage in advance, promotes becoming thoroughly decomposed for Organic substance.
But the amount of bagasse is not easy to add, otherwise early stage heats up too soon, kills low temperature, mesophilic micoorganism, causes microbiologic population to be lost
Adjust, hot fermentation bacterium shifts to an earlier date aging, ferment not thorough.Bagasse granularity is more economical in 80 mesh～150 mesh.
Feces of livestock and poultry can be one or more mixture of common cattle manure, pig manure, sheep stool, chicken manure.Feces of livestock and poultry is
Compost fermentation provides carbon source, nitrogen source and fermentative microorganism source, and therefore the mixture of multiple feces of livestock and poultry can provide abundant micro-
Biome, can produce abundant catabolic enzyme, thus Organic substance becomes thoroughly decomposed more thoroughly, and the fertilizer fertilizer efficiency that makes is more preferable.Therefore,
Mixture of the present invention using multiple feces of livestock and poultry.
Humic acid is through alkaline extraction by humus, separates, and is acidified the class macromolecular substances for obtaining, their basic knot
Structure is aromatic ring and alicyclic ring, is connected with the functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, quinonyl, methoxyl group on ring, has exchange, suction with metal ion
Attached, complexation, chelating etc. are acted on, and nutrient can be conducive to transmit to crop with the metal ion clutch in water, and can conditioned soil
Earth structure, is conducive to the growth of crops.Its consumption is 1-2 parts.
Plant ash be plant burn after residue, composition is inorganic salts, and main component is potassium carbonate, also containing phosphorus,
The micronutrient element such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur and ferrum, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, it are that a kind of wide material sources, with low cost, nutrient are neat
Entirely, the significantly inorganic farm manure of fertilizer efficiency.Plant ash is in microorganism suitable in alkalescence, the pH value of scalable fermentation raw material
Ambient growth.Its consumption is 5-6 parts.
Carbamide, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium chloride are commercially available to be obtained.
Water-retaining agent is a class super absorbent resin, and most-often used water-retaining agent is sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylamide.Its
After mixing with fertilizer, water imbibition is met, form gel, fix solubility fertilizer, prevent solubility fertilizer from being washed away by rainwater, to fertilizer
Material plays certain slow releasing function.The water absorbing capacity of water-retaining agent has very big relation with its molecular size range.The present invention adopts matter
Average molecular weight be 8,000,000～10,000,000 polyacrylamide as water-retaining agent, after polyacrylamide is decomposed, its nitrogen can quilt
Plant absorption, plays double effects, and its consumption is 1-2 parts.
The microorganism that the present invention is adopted is beneficial microbe, and its fertility is stronger than harmful microorganism, can effectively prevent and treat one
A little soil-borne diseases.Conventional beneficial microbe has bacillus subtilises, Hypocrea virens, lactic acid bacteria, streptococcus thermophiluss etc..This
Bright employing Hypocrea virens, its are a kind of antagonistic microbes, with protection and treatment double effects, can effectively prevent and treat native transmissibility disease
Evil, has important effect in plant pathology Biological control.Its consumption is 0.5～1 part, activity >=1.0 × 108CFU/g.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1. the invention provides Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, a kind of new application of macadimia nut shell, change Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, heavily fortified point
Fruit shell mostly was processing mode that is discarded or burning in the past, not only protected environment, while economic benefit can be brought.
2. dual-sustained-release effect of the present invention using shuck and water-retaining agent so that fertilizer nutrient is difficult to be washed away by rainwater,
Fertilizer release is slow, can reduce fertilizer application frequency and consumption compared to conventional fertilizers, effectively reduce fertilising labour costs.
3. the present invention prevents and treats soil-borne disease using the nuisanceless antagonistic microbe of Trichoderma viride, and planting process need not chemistry
Pesticide, Arenga pinnata tree disease are few, and the Arenga pinnata powder that tame Arenga pinnata tree is produced still keeps natural green
Taste.
4. the present invention takes full advantage of the Arenga pinnata stem and leaf for generally going out of use, and grows rich in various plants in stem and leaf
Required a large amount of, middle trace element；After the sweat that becomes thoroughly decomposed, can play a part of to increase fertilizer efficiency.
5. the Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material of the present invention provides necessary growth elements for Arenga pinnata tree
And nutritional labeling, promote the growth of Arenga pinnata tree, while the quantity of fertilising effectively can be reduced.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by specific embodiment, so that advantages and features of the invention are easier to be managed
Solution, it should be understood that following examples preferred version only of the invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Proportioning raw materials：170kg Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, 100kg macadimia nut shell powder, 100kg bagasse, cattle manure
60kg, chicken manure 60kg, plant ash 60kg, humic acid 20kg, carbamide (containing N >=46.4%) 170kg, calcium magnesium phosphate is (containing P2O5≥
17%) 150kg, potassium chloride is (containing K2The 100kg of O >=60%), polyacrylamide (matter average molecular weight is 8,000,000～10,000,000)
10kg, Trichoderma viride (activity >=1.0 × 108CFU/g)5kg.
The preparation method of Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material, comprises the steps：
(1) pretreatment：Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, bagasse stalk crasher are crushed to length≤1.0cm, width respectively
The coarse powder of≤0.5cm, water content control are ≤10%, standby；Macadimia nut shell pulverizer is crushed to 100～200 mesh
Granule, water content control are ≤10%, standby.
(2) fermentation reactor system：By proportioning raw materials by Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, macadimia nut shell granule, bagasse, cattle manure,
Chicken manure, plant ash (water content≤10%), humic acid, calcium magnesium phosphate stirring mixing, are then covered by monolayer 0.006mm black thin films
Carry out fermentation reactor system 20 days, fermentation reactor system obtains fermentation reactor system and becomes thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to turning in 10 days 1 time, standby.
(3) mix：After compost fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed, carbamide, potassium chloride collocation is weighed by proportioning raw materials and become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to fermentation reactor system
In, and stir；Then proceed to be proportionally added into Trichoderma viride, polyacrylamide mix homogeneously.
(4) pelletize：Compound mixture material is delivered to fertilizer granulator, the Arenga pinnata that granularity is 3-5mm is made long-acting
Compound fertilizer special.
Embodiment 2
Proportioning raw materials：180kg Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, 80kg macadimia nut shell powder, 80kg bagasse, sheep stool 50kg,
Pig manure 50kg, plant ash 50kg, humic acid 10kg, carbamide (containing N >=46.4%) 180kg, calcium magnesium phosphate is (containing P2O5>=17%)
140kg, potassium chloride is (containing K2The 110kg of O >=60%), polyacrylamide (matter average molecular weight is 8,000,000～10,000,000) 20kg, green
Trichoderma spp. (activity >=1.0 × 108CFU/g)10kg.
The preparation method of Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material, comprises the steps：
(1) pretreatment：Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, bagasse stalk crasher are crushed to length≤1.0cm, width respectively
The coarse powder of≤0.5cm, water content control are ≤13%, standby；Macadimia nut shell pulverizer is crushed to 100～200 mesh
Granule, water content control are ≤13%, standby.
(2) fermentation reactor system：By proportioning raw materials by Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, macadimia nut shell granule, bagasse, sheep stool,
Pig manure, plant ash (water content≤13%), humic acid, calcium magnesium phosphate stirring mixing, are then covered by monolayer 0.006mm black thin films
Carry out fermentation reactor system 25 days, fermentation reactor system obtains fermentation reactor system and becomes thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to turning in 11 days 1 time, standby.
(3) mix：After compost fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed, carbamide, potassium chloride collocation is weighed by proportioning raw materials and become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to fermentation reactor system
In, and stir；Then proceed to be proportionally added into Trichoderma viride, polyacrylamide mix homogeneously.
(4) pelletize：Compound mixture material is delivered to fertilizer granulator, the Arenga pinnata that granularity is 3-5mm is made long-acting
Compound fertilizer special.
Embodiment 3
Proportioning raw materials：160kg Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, 90kg macadimia nut shell powder, 80kg bagasse, cattle manure 40kg,
Sheep stool 40kg, pig manure 30kg, plant ash 55kg, humic acid 15kg, carbamide (containing N >=46.4%) 180kg, calcium magnesium phosphate is (containing P2O5
>=17%) 145kg, potassium chloride is (containing K2The 105kg of O >=60%), polyacrylamide (matter average molecular weight is 8,000,000～10,000,000)
15kg, Trichoderma viride (activity >=1.0 × 108CFU/g)8kg.
The preparation method of Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material, comprises the steps：
(1) pretreatment：Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, bagasse stalk crasher are crushed to length≤1.0cm, width respectively
The coarse powder of≤0.5cm, water content control are ≤8%, standby；Macadimia nut shell pulverizer is crushed to 100～200 mesh
Grain, water content control are ≤8%, standby.
(2) fermentation reactor system：By proportioning raw materials by Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, macadimia nut shell granule, bagasse, cattle manure,
Sheep stool, pig manure, plant ash (water content≤8%), humic acid, calcium magnesium phosphate stirring mixing, are then covered by monolayer 0.006mm black
Thin film carries out fermentation reactor system 22 days, and fermentation reactor system obtains fermentation reactor system and becomes thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to turning in 10 days 1 time, standby.
(3) mix：After compost fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed, carbamide, potassium chloride collocation is weighed by proportioning raw materials and become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to fermentation reactor system
In, and stir；Then proceed to be proportionally added into Trichoderma viride, polyacrylamide mix homogeneously.
(4) pelletize：Compound mixture material is delivered to fertilizer granulator, the Arenga pinnata that granularity is 3-5mm is made long-acting
Compound fertilizer special.
Embodiment 4
Proportioning raw materials：165kg Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, 85kg macadimia nut shell powder, 85kg bagasse, cattle manure 20kg,
Chicken manure 30kg, pig manure 50kg, plant ash 50kg, humic acid 12kg, carbamide (containing N >=46.4%) 170kg, calcium magnesium phosphate is (containing P2O5
>=17%) 140kg, potassium chloride is (containing K2The 100kg of O >=60%), polyacrylamide (matter average molecular weight is 8,000,000～10,000,000)
12kg, Trichoderma viride (activity >=1.0 × 108CFU/g)6kg.
The preparation method of Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material, comprises the steps：
(1) pretreatment：Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, bagasse stalk crasher are crushed to length≤1.0cm, width respectively
The coarse powder of≤0.5cm, water content control are ≤10%, standby；Macadimia nut shell pulverizer is crushed to 100～150 mesh
Granule, water content control are ≤10%, standby.
(2) fermentation reactor system：By proportioning raw materials by Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, macadimia nut shell granule, bagasse, cattle manure,
Chicken manure, chicken manure, plant ash (water content≤10%), humic acid, calcium magnesium phosphate stirring mixing, are then covered by monolayer 0.006mm black
Color thin film carries out fermentation reactor system 23 days, and fermentation reactor system obtains fermentation reactor system and becomes thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to turning in 11 days 1 time, standby.
(3) mix：After compost fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed, carbamide, potassium chloride collocation is weighed by proportioning raw materials and become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to fermentation reactor system
In, and stir；Then proceed to be proportionally added into Trichoderma viride, polyacrylamide mix homogeneously.
(4) pelletize：Compound mixture material is delivered to fertilizer granulator, the Arenga pinnata that granularity is 3-5mm is made long-acting
Compound fertilizer special.
Embodiment 5
Proportioning raw materials：180kg Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, 80kg macadimia nut shell powder, 80kg bagasse, cattle manure 100kg,
Plant ash 50kg, humic acid 10kg, carbamide (containing N >=46.4%) 170kg, calcium magnesium phosphate is (containing P2O5>=17%) 140kg, chlorination
Potassium is (containing K2The 100kg of O >=60%), polyacrylamide (matter average molecular weight is 8,000,000～10,000,000) 10kg, Trichoderma viride (activity
≥1.0×108CFU/g)5kg.
The preparation method of Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material, comprises the steps：
(1) pretreatment：Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, bagasse stalk crasher are crushed to length≤1.0cm, width respectively
The coarse powder of≤0.5cm, water content control are ≤13%, standby；Macadimia nut shell pulverizer is crushed to 150～200 mesh
Granule, water content control are ≤13%, standby.
(2) fermentation reactor system：By proportioning raw materials by Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, macadimia nut shell granule, bagasse, cattle manure,
Plant ash (water content≤13%), humic acid, calcium magnesium phosphate stirring mixing, being then covered by monolayer 0.006mm black thin films is carried out
Fermentation reactor system 25 days, fermentation reactor system obtain fermentation reactor system and become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to turning in 11 days 1 time, standby.
(3) mix：After compost fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed, carbamide, potassium chloride collocation is weighed by proportioning raw materials and become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to fermentation reactor system
In, and stir；Then proceed to be proportionally added into Trichoderma viride, polyacrylamide mix homogeneously.
(4) pelletize：Compound mixture material is delivered to fertilizer granulator, the Arenga pinnata that granularity is 3-5mm is made long-acting
Compound fertilizer special.
The Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material that embodiment 1-5 is prepared can as the base manure of Arenga pinnata and
Topdress use, fertilization mode：
(1) basal fertilizer applying method：In spring, make base manure administration during Arenga pinnata sapling transplanting, in planting site medium fertility bar
Under part, amount of application is 3.0～4.0kg/ strains；Under the low soil fertility condition of planting site, amount of application is 3.5～5.0kg/ strains；In plantation
Under the conditions of the high fertility in ground, amount of application is 2.5～3.5kg/ strains.
30-40 days before Arenga pinnata sapling transplanting, depth 40-50cm, diameter 80-100cm cultivation cave is dug by plantation specification, so
Back earthing side applies Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material, makes fertilizer with mixing with soil in cave；Transplant and no longer topdress then；
(2) topdress application process；2-4 after Arenga pinnata is transplanted, under the conditions of planting site medium fertility, every year
Amount of application is 4.5～5.0kg/ strains；Under the low soil fertility condition of planting site, amount of application is 5.5～6.5kg/ strains；In planting site high fertile
Under the conditions of power, amount of application is 3.5～4.2kg/ strains；Impose the 2-3 months every year, annual alternately in tree crown outer rim vertical lower and plant
In the middle of base portion, opposite sides digs depth 10-15cm, width 20-30cm, the bar ditch of long 60-80cm, the sand that then will be applied when yearly plan
Sugar palm long-acting specific composite fertilizer material is all applied in ditch and covering of earthing up.
Application effect：
(1) base manure application effect
Using compound fertilizer and the compounding application method of the present invention, and it is aided with other conventional cultivation technical managements, Arenga pinnata
Transplanting survival rate is set up to more than 98%；Arenga pinnata sapling transplanting the 2nd year, ground diameter of seedling, plant height and hat width increment are up to 25%
More than.
(2) topdress application effect
On the basis of the compound fertilizer that the present invention applied by Arenga pinnata tree base manure then long-acting with the Arenga pinnata tree of the present invention
Compound fertilizer special topdresses continuous administration more than 3 years, and is aided with other conventional cultivation technical managements, Arenga pinnata tree ground diameter,
Plant height, hat width and the amount of bearing fruit than the increase by more than 150% do not applied fertilizer, than applying the increase by more than 35% of general compound fertilizer.
(3) soil physical and chemical property improvement
Apply within continuous 3 years after Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material by the application process of the present invention, planting site soil
Earth organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphoruss and quick-acting potassium content than increasing by more than 5.1% before plantation, soil weight decline 4.0% with
On, soil porosity increases by more than 4.5%.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material, it is characterised in that its raw material components and dry weight number are：Arenga pinnata
16～18 parts of stem and leaf powder, 8～10 parts of macadimia nut shell granule, 8～10 parts of bagasse, 10～12 parts of feces of livestock and poultry, plant ash 5
～6 parts, 1～2 part of humic acid, 17～18 parts of carbamide, 14～15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 10～11 parts of potassium chloride, 1～2 part of water-retaining agent,
0.5～1 part of microorganism formulation.
2. Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Arenga pinnata stem and leaf
Powder, macadimia nut shell granule, bagasse, the water content difference≤13% of plant ash.
3. Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Arenga pinnata stem
Leaf, the length≤1.0cm of bagasse, width≤0.5cm；Macadimia nut shell grain graininess is 100～200 mesh.
4. Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described feces of livestock and poultry
It is one or more mixture of cattle manure, pig manure, sheep stool, chicken manure.
5. Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described water-retaining agent is
Matter average molecular weight is 8,000,000～10,000,000 polyacrylamide.
6. Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described microorganism system
Agent is activity >=1.0 × 108The Trichoderma viride of CFU/g.
7. Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that contain N in the carbamide
>=46.4%, contain P in calcium magnesium phosphate2O5>=17%, potassium chloride contains K2O >=60%.
8. the preparation method of the Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material as described in claim 1～7 is arbitrary, its feature exist
In comprising the steps：
(1) pretreatment：By Arenga pinnata stem and leaf, bagasse stalk crasher be crushed to respectively length≤1.0cm, width≤
The coarse powder of 0.5cm, standby；Macadimia nut shell pulverizer is crushed to 100～200 mesh granules, standby；
(2) fermentation reactor system：By proportioning raw materials by Arenga pinnata stem and leaf powder, macadimia nut shell granule, bagasse, feces of livestock and poultry,
Plant ash, humic acid, calcium magnesium phosphate stirring mixing, being then covered by monolayer 0.006mm black thin films carries out fermentation reactor system 20-25
My god, fermentation reactor system obtains fermentation reactor system and becomes thoroughly decomposed fertilizer to turning in 10-11 days 1 time, standby；
(3) mix：After compost fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed, carbamide, potassium chloride collocation is weighed by proportioning raw materials and become thoroughly decomposed in fertilizer to fermentation reactor system, and
Stir；Then proceed to be proportionally added into microorganism formulation, water-retaining agent mix homogeneously；
(4) pelletize：Compound mixture material is delivered to fertilizer granulator, the Arenga pinnata that granularity is 3-5mm is made long-acting special
Compound fertilizer.
9. the application of the Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material as described in claim 1～7 is arbitrary, it is characterised in that
Including following fertilization mode：
(1) basal fertilizer applying method：Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material is applied as base manure in spring Arenga pinnata sapling transplanting
With, under the conditions of planting site medium fertility, amount of application is 3.0～4.0kg/ strains；Under the low soil fertility condition of planting site, Arenga pinnata
Long-acting specific composite fertilizer material amount of application takes the circumstances into consideration to increase 20-30%；Under the conditions of the high fertility of planting site, Arenga pinnata is long-acting special multiple
Close rate of fertilizer to take the circumstances into consideration to reduce 10-20%；30-40 days before Arenga pinnata sapling transplanting, by plantation specification dig depth 40-50cm,
Diameter 80-100cm cultivates cave, then applies Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material in earthing, makes fertilizer with soil in cave
Mixing；Transplant and no longer topdress then；
(2) topdress application process；2-4 after Arenga pinnata is transplanted, under the conditions of planting site medium fertility, annual administration
Measure as 4.5～5.0kg/ strains；Under the low soil fertility condition of planting site, Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material amount of application takes the circumstances into consideration to increase
25-30%；Under the conditions of the high fertility of planting site, Arenga pinnata long-acting specific composite fertilizer material amount of application takes the circumstances into consideration to reduce 15-20%；Per
Year impose the 2-3 months, annual alternately opposite sides digging depth 10-15cm, width 20- in the middle of the tree crown outer rim vertical lower and plant base portion
30cm, the bar ditch of long 60-80cm, then will all apply ditch when the Arenga pinnata tree long-acting specific composite fertilizer material that yearly plan is applied
Interior and covering of earthing up.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107759323A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-06 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of Queensland nut composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107805163A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-16 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of Queensland nut special complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108178707A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-19 | 云南海数科技有限公司 | A kind of Queensland nut biological organic fertilizer and preparation method and application |
| CN111925237A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-11-13 | 周义洪 | Cashew nut shell mud bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN115073221A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-20 | 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所 | Long-acting slow-release special fertilizer for coconuts and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103833464A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-06-04 | 唐国荣 | Nutritive growth-promoting disease-resistant pest-resistant drought-resistant water-retention bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106008087A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-12 | 宁夏泰瑞制药股份有限公司 | Microorganism bacterium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103833464A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-06-04 | 唐国荣 | Nutritive growth-promoting disease-resistant pest-resistant drought-resistant water-retention bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106008087A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-12 | 宁夏泰瑞制药股份有限公司 | Microorganism bacterium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107759323A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-06 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of Queensland nut composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107805163A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-16 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of Queensland nut special complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108178707A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-19 | 云南海数科技有限公司 | A kind of Queensland nut biological organic fertilizer and preparation method and application |
| CN111925237A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-11-13 | 周义洪 | Cashew nut shell mud bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN115073221A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-20 | 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所 | Long-acting slow-release special fertilizer for coconuts and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170315 |