CN106416918A - Bead curtain type branch group culture method of apples - Google Patents
Bead curtain type branch group culture method of apples Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416918A CN106416918A CN201611142977.2A CN201611142977A CN106416918A CN 106416918 A CN106416918 A CN 106416918A CN 201611142977 A CN201611142977 A CN 201611142977A CN 106416918 A CN106416918 A CN 106416918A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation and particularly relates to a bead curtain type branch group culture method of apples. The bead curtain type branch group culture method comprises pruning of current-year planting stocks, pruning of young trees with ages of two years or more than two years, culture of bead curtain type branch groups and updating of the bead curtain type branch groups. According to the bead curtain type branch group culture method of the apples, the pruning amount is reduced, the cost is reduced, the yield is high and stable and the quality is good; and the updating of the branch groups is simple and convenient and the yield is not influenced, so that the bead curtain type branch group culture method has a very great promotion value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical field is and in particular to a kind of Fructus Mali pumilae bead curtain type branch group cultural method.
Background technology
Yiyuan red apple is mainly eaten raw and the new varieties compared with storage endurance as late-maturing, is red fuji apple in the major apple production area
The bud mutation kind that the cultivated since long accumulation of Zibo City Yiyuan County preferably goes out, has passed through national and provincial kind identification, its growth
Fruiting characteristic is substantially identical with Fuji apple.Currently mainly eat raw as our province and storage endurance new varieties, Yiyuan red apple has it
The advantages of unique physiological property and beautiful in colour, fruit shape are just, pure taste, pol are high, character of fruitage stablize, is able to rapidly greatly
Area is promoted.With the expanding day of cultivated area, each cultivation area has put into effect the management technique main points of Yiyuan red apple in succession, but
Major part is confined to tree-like culture, and the permanent and rejuvenating technology of concrete outcome branch group is careful, not science, Nai Zhizao
Become fruit-bearing shoot cluster overaging, too fat to move, ventilation and penetrating light poor, have a strong impact on the red quality in Yiyuan and economic benefit.
In Apples of Shandong producing region in addition to Jiaodong Peninsula, Apple Culture is tree-like to adopt coronule to dredge layer shape more, and major branch divides upper and lower three
Layer totally six to seven major branch.On one layer of three scaffold limb, distinguish and give birth to two or more side shoot, regenerated outcome branch group on side shoot, two or three
Layer is by that analogy.The needs of ventilation and penetrating light can also be met in mountain area terraced fields plot, but in larger the putting down in plains region and area
Ground, often results in canopy, branch and leaf amount is big, affect fruit output and the phenomenon of quality is more serious.Although it is domestic and international for many years
Cultivation is promoted based on bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster all the time, in conjunction with other trim modes, cultivates multiple fruit-bearing shoot clusters the pattern deposited, but
It is to be difficult to tackle the problem at its root.Solution the most basic is to take up from seedling, with free spindle and bead curtain type
The mode that fruit-bearing shoot cluster combines is solving.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Fructus Mali pumilae bead curtain type branch group cultural method, reduce pruning rate, reduce cost, high yield
Stable yield and high quality, branch group update simplicity and do not affect yield.
Fructus Mali pumilae bead curtain type branch group cultural method of the present invention, step is as follows：
(1) pruning of planting stock then：
When planting stock is pruned in the winter time then, select a healthy and strong full bud away from ground 40 centimeters, 5 millimeters above bud
Place, carves bud with hacksaw blade as deep as xylem, then spiral is spaced quarter bud upwards successively, promotes to form healthy and strong branch then；
The pruning of the treelet of (2) two years and more than 2 years：
The major branch that last year is formed, removes overstocked excessively prosperous and excessively weak branch, selects healthy and strong branch as major branch；Winter is leading
Dry top extends on branch, and 5-6 bud carved by spiral；Before spring rudiment, with the shears back of pruner, swing except major branch whole back bud,
Select the full bud of stalwartness away from trunk 25 centimeters both sides for the major branch with hacksaw blade, at 5 millimeters on bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally Shi Yuya, carve bud, bud
12-17 centimetre and bud between, form pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch；
(3) culture of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster：
The major branch both sides pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch that last year is formed, carries out by branch in Growing season, winter carries out smoothing out with the fingers branch, Jing Guolian
Continuous getting rid of puts formation bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster；
(4) renewal of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster
Length is got rid of not cut to reduce really to measure and is progressively above moved, the culture of shoot group, band girdle, girdling stimulation pumping back nutrition branch,
Uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster is cultivated on major branch, retraction updates.
Spaced apart described in step (1) is 10 centimetres.
The quantity carving bud described in step (1) is 5-6.
Fructus Mali pumilae bead curtain type branch group cultural method of the present invention, comprises the following steps that：
(1) pruning of planting stock then：
When planting stock is pruned in the winter time then, select a healthy and strong full bud away from ground 40 centimeters, 5 millimeters above bud
Place, carves bud with hacksaw blade as deep as xylem, and then spiral is spaced 10 centimetres upwards and carves bud 5-6 bud successively, promotes to be formed then 5-6
Bar stalwartness branch.
The pruning of the treelet of (2) two years and more than 2 years：
The major branch that last year is formed, removes overstocked excessively prosperous and excessively weak branch, selects healthy and strong branch as major branch.Winter is leading
Dry top extends on branch, and still 5-6 bud carved by spiral.Before spring rudiment, with the shears back of pruner, swing except the whole back of major branch
Bud.Select the full bud of stalwartness away from trunk 25 centimeters both sides for the major branch with hacksaw blade, carve at 5 millimeters on bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally Shi Yuya
Bud, 12-17 centimetre between bud and bud, carve bud how much according to branch situation depending on.Make sure to keep in mind quarter bud and gently will be carved into phloem,
To reach the purpose that pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch cultivates bead curtain type fruitful branch.
(3) culture of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster：
The major branch both sides pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch that last year is formed, carries out by branch in Growing season, winter carries out smoothing out with the fingers branch, is sure not short
Cut, promote it and form the branch group of uniaxial extension.Put formation result brachyplast through continuously getting rid of, really become bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster, this
Sample can grow up to freely fusiform tree crown through 3-4, reaches the purpose of early high-yield.Bead curtain type branch curtain, ventilation and penetrating light
Good, based on fruit spur result, fruit shape is just, head is big, color and luster is good for branch group.Its fruit-bearing shoot cluster is got bumper crops, stable yields, and the high-quality phase is in 3-5
Year.
(4) renewal of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster
Uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster actual life is 3-5, and after 5 years, its fruit spur, due to being annual fruiting, is formed
Extremely weak chicken feet branch, the bud quality is poor, easily forms cull fruit, needs in time branch group to be updated.
1. length is got rid of not cut to reduce and is really measured progressively upper shifting：Bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster actual life is 3-5, in the 3-5 of result
To suitably adjust in year and stay fruit amount and setting fruit position, before accomplishing in afterwards success ratio with 1:3:1 is advisable, and progressively pushes away to branch group base portion
Enter, during this period branch group not cutting back, with remove the old and the weak's chicken feet fruitful branch reduce stay fruit amount based on, stimulate branch group base portion pumping back
Nutrition branch and back fruit tongue nutrition branch.
2. the culture of shoot group：Back nutrition branch to the base portion sprouting in more than 3 years of old branch group or back fruit tongue branch, stay one to be good for
As Object of Development, remaining removes strong anosis golden mean of the Confucian school branch without exception, takes " draw, dredge, carving, shelling, getting rid of " five kinds of technical measures, by
Year is trained a new uniaxial extension fruit-bearing shoot cluster, promotees it and forms healthy and strong fruit spur, becomes bead curtain type branch group.To overaging branch group
If no back nutrition branch can extract alabastrum or young fruit in a base portion back healthy and strong fruit tongue branch of selecting and remain, promote its pumping fruit tongue nutrition branch.
3. band girdle, girdling stimulate pumping back nutrition branch in good time：Cause extremely to decline for many annual bearings, weak, powerless
The old branch group of pumping back nutrition branch, will remove weak chicken feet branch, while reducing fruit amount, in this 20-30 li of branch group base portion
At rice, implement band girdle or girdling, promote its pumping nutrition branch, a healthy and strong base portion golden mean of the Confucian school back nutrition branch emphasis culture of selecting and remain.To no
The branch group of back nutrition branch, can select and remain back fruit tongue branch or brachyplast, relatively healthy and strong, no disease pest a branch terminal bud of selecting and remain, right
Its growing point is implemented 3/10000ths red thunders elements and stimulates to promote its sproutings and branch out, by by branch, smooth out with the fingers branch and control growth, form the stalwartness golden mean of the Confucian school
Nutrition branch, gets rid of and puts into fruitful branch.
4. uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster is cultivated on major branch in good time：5- up and down in relatively permanent fruit-bearing shoot cluster
10 centimetres of place, in the way of " carving stripping to draw ", cultivates one or several little uniaxial extension fruit-bearing shoot cluster (backs in good time
Fruit branch also can) as standby branch group, be trained bead curtain type branch group.
5. retraction updates in good time：Progressively cultivate the bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster of good new uniaxial extension in whole strain fruit tree in batches
Afterwards, according to primibranch group result status, the branch group of no economic worth is implemented in the branch group base portion of the new bead curtain type branch group cultivated
Disposable retraction, to be replaced with little uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster (or back fruit branch group)；Really do not culture pearl
Thoroughly the removing of curtain branch group, after thoroughly removing a group, is replaced it is ensured that fruit-bearing shoot cluster with the standby bead curtain type branch group stayed
Permanent and high yield stability.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that：
1st, pass through to implement the method for the present invention, the normal pruning of 2 years can be pushed up 1 year treelet phase, can be quick in 4 years
Form free spindle tree crown.
2nd, while cultivating tree crown, turned out the bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster of uniaxial extension, formed in 4-5 and produce
Amount, reaches the purpose of getting up early high yield.
3rd, pass through to implement the method for the present invention, reached minimizing pruning rate, reduce cost, high and stable yield high-quality, branch group is more
Newly simplicity does not affect several big purpose such as yield, has very big promotional value.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiments the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
(1) pruning of planting stock then：
When planting stock is pruned in the winter time then, select a healthy and strong full bud away from ground 40 centimeters, 5 millimeters above bud
Place, with hacksaw blade as deep as xylem carve bud, then successively spiral be spaced upwards 10 centimetres carve bud carve 5 buds altogether, promote to be formed then 5
Bar stalwartness branch.
The pruning of the treelet of (2) two years and more than 2 years：
The major branch that last year is formed, removes overstocked excessively prosperous and excessively weak branch, selects healthy and strong branch as major branch.Winter is leading
Dry top extends on branch, and still 5 buds carved by spiral.Before spring rudiment, with the shears back of pruner, swing except the whole back of major branch
Bud.Select the full bud of stalwartness away from trunk 25 centimeters both sides for the major branch with hacksaw blade, carve at 5 millimeters on bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally Shi Yuya
Bud, 12 centimetres between bud and bud, carve bud how much according to branch situation depending on.Make sure to keep in mind quarter bud and gently will be carved into phloem, to reach
Cultivate the purpose of bead curtain type fruitful branch to pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch.
(3) culture of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster：
The major branch both sides pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch that last year is formed, carries out by branch in Growing season, winter carries out smoothing out with the fingers branch, is sure not short
Cut, promote it and form the branch group of uniaxial extension.Put formation result brachyplast through continuously getting rid of, really become bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster, this
Sample can grow up to freely fusiform tree crown through 3-4, reaches the purpose of early high-yield.Bead curtain type branch curtain, ventilation and penetrating light
Good, based on fruit spur result, fruit shape is just, head is big, color and luster is good for branch group.Its fruit-bearing shoot cluster is got bumper crops, stable yields, and the high-quality phase is in 3-5
Year.
(4) renewal of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster
Uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster actual life is 3-5, and after 5 years, its fruit spur, due to being annual fruiting, is formed
Extremely weak chicken feet branch, the bud quality is poor, easily forms cull fruit, needs in time branch group to be updated.
1. length is got rid of not cut to reduce and is really measured progressively upper shifting：Bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster actual life is 3-5, in the 3-5 of result
To suitably adjust in year and stay fruit amount and setting fruit position, before accomplishing in afterwards success ratio with 1:3:1 is advisable, and progressively pushes away to branch group base portion
Enter, during this period branch group not cutting back, with remove the old and the weak's chicken feet fruitful branch reduce stay fruit amount based on, stimulate branch group base portion pumping back
Nutrition branch and back fruit tongue nutrition branch.
2. the culture of shoot group：Back nutrition branch to the base portion sprouting in more than 3 years of old branch group or back fruit tongue branch, stay one to be good for
As Object of Development, remaining removes strong anosis golden mean of the Confucian school branch without exception, takes " draw, dredge, carving, shelling, getting rid of " five kinds of technical measures, by
Year is trained a new uniaxial extension fruit-bearing shoot cluster, promotees it and forms healthy and strong fruit spur, becomes bead curtain type branch group.To overaging branch group
If no back nutrition branch can extract alabastrum or young fruit in a base portion back healthy and strong fruit tongue branch of selecting and remain, promote its pumping fruit tongue nutrition branch.
3. band girdle, girdling stimulate pumping back nutrition branch in good time：Cause extremely to decline for many annual bearings, weak, powerless
The old branch group of pumping back nutrition branch, will remove weak chicken feet branch, while reducing fruit amount, in this 20 centimetres of branch group base portion
Place, implements band girdle or girdling, promotees its pumping nutrition branch, a healthy and strong base portion golden mean of the Confucian school back nutrition branch emphasis culture of selecting and remain.To no carrying on the back
The branch group of upper nutrition branch, can select and remain back fruit tongue branch or brachyplast, relatively healthy and strong, no disease pest a branch terminal bud of selecting and remain, to it
Growing point is implemented 3/10000ths red thunders elements and stimulates to promote its sproutings and branch out, by by branch, smooth out with the fingers branch and control growth, form the healthy and strong golden mean of the Confucian school and seek
Foster branch, gets rid of and puts into fruitful branch.
4. uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster is cultivated on major branch in good time：In relatively permanent fruit-bearing shoot cluster up and down 5
Centimetre place, in the way of " carve stripping draw ", one or several little uniaxial extension fruit-bearing shoot clusters (the back fruit of culture in good time
Platform branch also can) as standby branch group, be trained bead curtain type branch group.
5. retraction updates in good time：Progressively cultivate the bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster of good new uniaxial extension in whole strain fruit tree in batches
Afterwards, according to primibranch group result status, the branch group of no economic worth is implemented in the branch group base portion of the new bead curtain type branch group cultivated
Disposable retraction, to be replaced with little uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster (or back fruit branch group)；Really do not culture pearl
Thoroughly the removing of curtain branch group, after thoroughly removing a group, is replaced it is ensured that fruit-bearing shoot cluster with the standby bead curtain type branch group stayed
Permanent and high yield stability.
Embodiment 2
(1) pruning of planting stock then：
When planting stock is pruned in the winter time then, select a healthy and strong full bud away from ground 40 centimeters, 5 millimeters above bud
Place, with hacksaw blade as deep as xylem carve bud, then successively spiral be spaced upwards 10 centimetres carve bud carve 6 buds altogether, promote to be formed then 6
Bar stalwartness branch.
The pruning of the treelet of (2) two years and more than 2 years：
The major branch that last year is formed, removes overstocked excessively prosperous and excessively weak branch, selects healthy and strong branch as major branch.Winter is leading
Dry top extends on branch, and still 6 buds carved by spiral.Before spring rudiment, with the shears back of pruner, swing except the whole back of major branch
Bud.Select the full bud of stalwartness away from trunk 25 centimeters both sides for the major branch with hacksaw blade, carve at 5 millimeters on bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally Shi Yuya
Bud, 17 centimetres between bud and bud, carve bud how much according to branch situation depending on.Make sure to keep in mind quarter bud and gently will be carved into phloem, to reach
Cultivate the purpose of bead curtain type fruitful branch to pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch.
(3) culture of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster：
The major branch both sides pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch that last year is formed, carries out by branch in Growing season, winter carries out smoothing out with the fingers branch, is sure not short
Cut, promote it and form the branch group of uniaxial extension.Put formation result brachyplast through continuously getting rid of, really become bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster, this
Sample can grow up to freely fusiform tree crown through 3-4, reaches the purpose of early high-yield.Bead curtain type branch curtain, ventilation and penetrating light
Good, based on fruit spur result, fruit shape is just, head is big, color and luster is good for branch group.Its fruit-bearing shoot cluster is got bumper crops, stable yields, and the high-quality phase is in 3-5
Year.
(4) renewal of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster
Uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster actual life is 3-5, and after 5 years, its fruit spur, due to being annual fruiting, is formed
Extremely weak chicken feet branch, the bud quality is poor, easily forms cull fruit, needs in time branch group to be updated.
1. length is got rid of not cut to reduce and is really measured progressively upper shifting：Bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster actual life is 3-5, in the 3-5 of result
To suitably adjust in year and stay fruit amount and setting fruit position, before accomplishing in afterwards success ratio with 1:3:1 is advisable, and progressively pushes away to branch group base portion
Enter, during this period branch group not cutting back, with remove the old and the weak's chicken feet fruitful branch reduce stay fruit amount based on, stimulate branch group base portion pumping back
Nutrition branch and back fruit tongue nutrition branch.
2. the culture of shoot group：Back nutrition branch to the base portion sprouting in more than 3 years of old branch group or back fruit tongue branch, stay one to be good for
As Object of Development, remaining removes strong anosis golden mean of the Confucian school branch without exception, takes " draw, dredge, carving, shelling, getting rid of " five kinds of technical measures, by
Year is trained a new uniaxial extension fruit-bearing shoot cluster, promotees it and forms healthy and strong fruit spur, becomes bead curtain type branch group.To overaging branch group
If no back nutrition branch can extract alabastrum or young fruit in a base portion back healthy and strong fruit tongue branch of selecting and remain, promote its pumping fruit tongue nutrition branch.
3. band girdle, girdling stimulate pumping back nutrition branch in good time：Cause extremely to decline for many annual bearings, weak, powerless
The old branch group of pumping back nutrition branch, will remove weak chicken feet branch, while reducing fruit amount, in this 30 centimetres of branch group base portion
Place, implements band girdle or girdling, promotees its pumping nutrition branch, a healthy and strong base portion golden mean of the Confucian school back nutrition branch emphasis culture of selecting and remain.To no carrying on the back
The branch group of upper nutrition branch, can select and remain back fruit tongue branch or brachyplast, relatively healthy and strong, no disease pest a branch terminal bud of selecting and remain, to it
Growing point is implemented 3/10000ths red thunders elements and stimulates to promote its sproutings and branch out, by by branch, smooth out with the fingers branch and control growth, form the healthy and strong golden mean of the Confucian school and seek
Foster branch, gets rid of and puts into fruitful branch.
4. uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster is cultivated on major branch in good time：In relatively permanent fruit-bearing shoot cluster up and down 10
Centimetre place, in the way of " carve stripping draw ", one or several little uniaxial extension fruit-bearing shoot clusters (the back fruit of culture in good time
Platform branch also can) as standby branch group, be trained bead curtain type branch group.
5. retraction updates in good time：Progressively cultivate the bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster of good new uniaxial extension in whole strain fruit tree in batches
Afterwards, according to primibranch group result status, the branch group of no economic worth is implemented in the branch group base portion of the new bead curtain type branch group cultivated
Disposable retraction, to be replaced with little uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster (or back fruit branch group)；Really do not culture pearl
Thoroughly the removing of curtain branch group, after thoroughly removing a group, is replaced it is ensured that fruit-bearing shoot cluster with the standby bead curtain type branch group stayed
Permanent and high yield stability.
Embodiment 3
(1) pruning of planting stock then：
When planting stock is pruned in the winter time then, select a healthy and strong full bud away from ground 40 centimeters, 5 millimeters above bud
Place, with hacksaw blade as deep as xylem carve bud, then successively spiral be spaced upwards 10 centimetres carve bud carve 6 buds altogether, promote to be formed then 6
Bar stalwartness branch.
The pruning of the treelet of (2) two years and more than 2 years：
The major branch that last year is formed, removes overstocked excessively prosperous and excessively weak branch, selects healthy and strong branch as major branch.Winter is leading
Dry top extends on branch, and still 6 buds carved by spiral.Before spring rudiment, with the shears back of pruner, swing except the whole back of major branch
Bud.Select the full bud of stalwartness away from trunk 25 centimeters both sides for the major branch with hacksaw blade, carve at 5 millimeters on bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally Shi Yuya
Bud, 15 centimetres between bud and bud, carve bud how much according to branch situation depending on.Make sure to keep in mind quarter bud and gently will be carved into phloem, to reach
Cultivate the purpose of bead curtain type fruitful branch to pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch.
(3) culture of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster：
The major branch both sides pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch that last year is formed, carries out by branch in Growing season, winter carries out smoothing out with the fingers branch, is sure not short
Cut, promote it and form the branch group of uniaxial extension.Put formation result brachyplast through continuously getting rid of, really become bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster, this
Sample can grow up to freely fusiform tree crown through 3-4, reaches the purpose of early high-yield.Bead curtain type branch curtain, ventilation and penetrating light
Good, based on fruit spur result, fruit shape is just, head is big, color and luster is good for branch group.Its fruit-bearing shoot cluster is got bumper crops, stable yields, and the high-quality phase is in 3-5
Year.
(4) renewal of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster
Uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster actual life is 3-5, and after 5 years, its fruit spur, due to being annual fruiting, is formed
Extremely weak chicken feet branch, the bud quality is poor, easily forms cull fruit, needs in time branch group to be updated.
1. length is got rid of not cut to reduce and is really measured progressively upper shifting：Bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster actual life is 3-5, in the 3-5 of result
To suitably adjust in year and stay fruit amount and setting fruit position, before accomplishing in afterwards success ratio with 1:3:1 is advisable, and progressively pushes away to branch group base portion
Enter, during this period branch group not cutting back, with remove the old and the weak's chicken feet fruitful branch reduce stay fruit amount based on, stimulate branch group base portion pumping back
Nutrition branch and back fruit tongue nutrition branch.
2. the culture of shoot group：Back nutrition branch to the base portion sprouting in more than 3 years of old branch group or back fruit tongue branch, stay one to be good for
As Object of Development, remaining removes strong anosis golden mean of the Confucian school branch without exception, takes " draw, dredge, carving, shelling, getting rid of " five kinds of technical measures, by
Year is trained a new uniaxial extension fruit-bearing shoot cluster, promotees it and forms healthy and strong fruit spur, becomes bead curtain type branch group.To overaging branch group
If no back nutrition branch can extract alabastrum or young fruit in a base portion back healthy and strong fruit tongue branch of selecting and remain, promote its pumping fruit tongue nutrition branch.
3. band girdle, girdling stimulate pumping back nutrition branch in good time：Cause extremely to decline for many annual bearings, weak, powerless
The old branch group of pumping back nutrition branch, will remove weak chicken feet branch, while reducing fruit amount, in this 26 centimetres of branch group base portion
Place, implements band girdle or girdling, promotees its pumping nutrition branch, a healthy and strong base portion golden mean of the Confucian school back nutrition branch emphasis culture of selecting and remain.To no carrying on the back
The branch group of upper nutrition branch, can select and remain back fruit tongue branch or brachyplast, relatively healthy and strong, no disease pest a branch terminal bud of selecting and remain, to it
Growing point is implemented 3/10000ths red thunders elements and stimulates to promote its sproutings and branch out, by by branch, smooth out with the fingers branch and control growth, form the healthy and strong golden mean of the Confucian school and seek
Foster branch, gets rid of and puts into fruitful branch.
4. uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster is cultivated on major branch in good time：In relatively permanent fruit-bearing shoot cluster up and down 6
Centimetre place, in the way of " carve stripping draw ", one or several little uniaxial extension fruit-bearing shoot clusters (the back fruit of culture in good time
Platform branch also can) as standby branch group, be trained bead curtain type branch group.
5. retraction updates in good time：Progressively cultivate the bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster of good new uniaxial extension in whole strain fruit tree in batches
Afterwards, according to primibranch group result status, the branch group of no economic worth is implemented in the branch group base portion of the new bead curtain type branch group cultivated
Disposable retraction, to be replaced with little uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster (or back fruit branch group)；Really do not culture pearl
Thoroughly the removing of curtain branch group, after thoroughly removing a group, is replaced it is ensured that fruit-bearing shoot cluster with the standby bead curtain type branch group stayed
Permanent and high yield stability.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Fructus Mali pumilae bead curtain type branch group cultural method is it is characterised in that step is as follows：
(1) pruning of planting stock then：
When planting stock is pruned in the winter time then, select a healthy and strong full bud away from ground 40 centimeters, at 5 millimeters above bud,
Carve bud with hacksaw blade as deep as xylem, then spiral is spaced quarter bud upwards successively, promotes to form healthy and strong branch then；
The pruning of the treelet of (2) two years and more than 2 years：
The major branch that last year is formed, removes overstocked excessively prosperous and excessively weak branch, selects healthy and strong branch as major branch；Winter is on trunk top
Portion extends on branch, and 5-6 bud carved by spiral；Before spring rudiment, with the shears back of pruner, swing except major branch whole back bud, use steel
Saw blade selects the full bud of stalwartness away from trunk 25 centimeters both sides for the major branch, carves bud, bud and bud at 5 millimeters on bud shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally Shi Yuya
Between 12-17 centimetre, formed pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch；
(3) culture of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster：
The major branch both sides pumping golden mean of the Confucian school branch that last year is formed, carries out by branch in Growing season, winter carries out smoothing out with the fingers branch, through continuously getting rid of
Put formation bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster；
(4) renewal of bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster
Length is got rid of not cut to reduce really to measure and is progressively above moved, the culture of shoot group, and band girdle, girdling stimulation pumping back nutrition branch, in major branch
Upper culture uniaxial extension bead curtain type fruit-bearing shoot cluster, retraction updates.
2. Fructus Mali pumilae bead curtain type branch group cultural method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the interval described in step (1)
Distance be 10 centimetres.
3. Fructus Mali pumilae bead curtain type branch group cultural method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the quarter bud described in step (1)
Quantity be 5-6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611142977.2A CN106416918A (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | Bead curtain type branch group culture method of apples |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN101341839A (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2009-01-14 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Plate-like tidying and pruning method for peach |
| CN102090296A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-06-15 | 张传军 | Novel red Fuji apple uniaxial extension fruit-bearing branch group updating technology |
| CN105493915A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 赤峰市林业科学研究院 | Elongated pinecone apple tree form and trimming method thereof |
| CN105557429A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 山东农业大学 | Trinitarian Chinese style apple wide-row high-trunk labor-saving and efficient cultivation method |
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| CN101341839A (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2009-01-14 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Plate-like tidying and pruning method for peach |
| CN102090296A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-06-15 | 张传军 | Novel red Fuji apple uniaxial extension fruit-bearing branch group updating technology |
| CN105493915A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 赤峰市林业科学研究院 | Elongated pinecone apple tree form and trimming method thereof |
| CN105557429A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 山东农业大学 | Trinitarian Chinese style apple wide-row high-trunk labor-saving and efficient cultivation method |
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