CN106416573B - Water, fertilizer, medicine integral system and its control method based on drip irrigation header - Google Patents
Water, fertilizer, medicine integral system and its control method based on drip irrigation header Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416573B CN106416573B CN201610843812.1A CN201610843812A CN106416573B CN 106416573 B CN106416573 B CN 106416573B CN 201610843812 A CN201610843812 A CN 201610843812A CN 106416573 B CN106416573 B CN 106416573B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/02—Combinations of filters of different kinds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the water based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system and its control method, water based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system includes drip irrigation header system, solid dissolves injected system and liquid injection system, drip irrigation header system includes irrigating main pipeline, it irrigates on main pipeline and is disposed with first connecting portion and second connecting portion along water discharging direction, the solid dissolution injected system includes the spray irrigation dissolving tank of open topped, the open top for being sprayed dissolving tank is correspondingly arranged on spray head, spray head is connect at second connecting portion with the irrigation main pipeline by spraying water supply line, it is sprayed in dissolving tank and is equipped with spray pond filter screen；It is sprayed below dissolving tank and is provided with lysate collecting pit, lysate collecting pit is connect at first connecting portion with the irrigation main pipeline by lysate flow in pipes.The present invention integrates fertilising, application really with trickle irrigation, and drip irrigation header is made to become water, fertilizer, the integrated system of medicine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural fertilizer, application and irrigation technique field more particularly to a kind of water based on drip irrigation header,
Fertilizer, medicine integral system and its control method.
Background technique
With the development of agricultural modernization, liquid manure (pesticide) integrated technique based on trickle irrigation has obtained one in vast rural area
Fixed approval, liquid manure (pesticide) integrated technique can realize water-saving irrigation, realize the comprehensive coordination and integration of moisture and nutrient
Management, have the advantages that improve crop yield and quality, to landform and geology it is adaptable, be able to maintain water and soil, become the modern times
The important symbol of agricultural.But current liquid manure (pesticide) integrated organic integration is incomplete, applies fertilizer single, or being can only
For liquid fertilizer (pesticide) application or be the application that can only be solid fertilizer (pesticide)), it is crucial that fertilizer (agriculture
Medicine) dosage control precision it is not high.
Existing fertilising (medicine) device mainly has fertilising (medicine) tank, Development of Venturi Fertilizer Applicator, syringe pump fertilizer apparatus, fertilizing box etc.
Several, effect is to will be suitable for root application and be instantly dissolved in the fertilizer of water, pesticide, herbicide, change and control drug etc. in fertilising (medicine) device
In sufficiently dissolve, crop root is then transported to by drip irrigation system again.Due to being suitable for the liquid fertilizer (agriculture of trickle irrigation at present
Medicine) it is few, and liquid fertilizer (pesticide) should not be transported and be stored.Therefore, solid fertilizer (pesticide) or main trickle irrigation with it is fertile come
Source, using solid fertilizer (pesticide) by existing fertilising (medicine) device come when carrying out water-fertilizer integral operation, these fertilisings are filled
It sets and there is the disadvantages of solid fertilizer dissolution is not thorough, waste residue is more, note fertilizer duration.The dissolution of fertilizer (pesticide) is not thorough or easily
Line clogging problem is caused, is always to annoying trickle irrigation liquid manure (pesticide) integrated popularization and application.
It is found through being retrieved to existing technical literature, the patent document 1 of patent No. CN201410558859.4 discloses one kind
Crop field trickle irrigation distribution precision fertilizing device for administration of drugs.A kind of patent of invention technical solution abstract are as follows: distributed essence of crop field trickle irrigation
Really fertilising device for administration of drugs adds note fertile liquid medicine injection system, fertilizer medicine supplying pipe road, irrigation valve is added on dividing water-supply-pipe, and fertilizer supplies
Medicine system and stem system connectivity, fertilizer medicine supplying pipe road include total defeated fertile grug transportation tube be connected to fertilizer medication delivery systems, with it is always defeated
Point defeated fertile grug transportation tube of fertile grug transportation tube connection, the one end for infusing fertile liquid medicine injection system are connected to a point defeated fertile grug transportation tube, infuse fertile liquid medicine injection system
The other end and irrigate valve inlet communication.The mode individually conveyed using this water, solution medical fluid, then in field irrigation
When open according to actual needs it is corresponding irrigate valve, infuse fertile liquid medicine injection system and solution medical fluid will be injected together with water and divides water delivery
In pipe, field is poured into after conglomerate integration, practical, at low cost, installation is easy to operate, efficiently solves large area farmland and applies
The non-uniform problem of fertilizer.
The patent document of patent No. CN201410558859.4 has the following disadvantages:
(1) distribution pattern that the patent is individually conveyed using water, solution, medical fluid, needs to add note parallel with aqueduct
Fertile liquid medicine injection system, fertilizer medicine supplying pipe road, such field must be laid with two pipelines, and one is hydraulic pipeline, and one is defeated fertile medicine
Pipeline, so as to cause not only heavy workload, and system control is excessively cumbersome.
(2) solution, medical fluid of the patent and the connection of stem system do not disclose, and can not determine it is to inhale fertilising medicine in pump,
Or pump infuses fertile medicine or venturi tube fertilising medicine etc..However, combining using stem system, fertilising medicine either is inhaled using pump, also
It is that fertile medicine directly can be directly injected into main pipeline by the fertile medicine of pump note or venturi tube fertilising medicine, hence into field.
(3) it is incomplete that organic integration is still had in the patent, is applied fertilizer single, fertilizer (pesticide) dosage controls precision
Not high problem.
(4) in running, the dissolution of fertilizer (pesticide) is not thorough the patent, easily causes line clogging problem.
The patent document 2 of patent No. CN03202937.3 disclose it is a kind of irrigate, fertilising, application pluck filling spray watering machine.
The technical solution of the utility model patent is to supply fertilizer and agriculture to hydraulic pipeline in addition by water suction, water pumping and water process parts
The parts of medicine support rack of fuselage etc. to constitute, it is characterised in that ask in water pump to water source and be provided with filtering by suction hose
The water suction bottom valve of device, is equipped with water filter between water pump and water-supply-pipe, installs between water-supply-pipe and trickle irrigation microspray irrigation pipe network
Have a quick-release connector to constitute water supply system: from fertile spice bottom portion, tipping has the aqueduct controlled by diversion control valve, also
Tipping has by the suction nozzle filter being placed in fertile spice case, the proportion expression picked out from the suction nozzle filter outlet in fertile spice case
Water suction pencil is connected to suction hose and constitutes fertilizer liquid feed system.The utility model is a kind of small-sized trickle irrigation spray watering machine,
At low cost, operation and easy to control is adapted to mechanical or manpower movement, and being also adapted to rural area, commonly various machine powers are propped up
Hold the work of its water pump.
The patent document of patent No. CN03202937.3 has the following disadvantages:
(1) only it is suitble to the occasion in a wheel irrigated area, does not give full play to the function of drip irrigation header, not can be carried out automation
Control.
(2) stem system is too simple, and filtration system is not suitable for water quality containing sand just with the filter screen at absorbent chassis
Water source etc..
(3) it is incomplete that organic integration is still had in the patent, is applied fertilizer single, fertilizer (pesticide) dosage controls precision
Not high problem.
(4) in running, the dissolution of fertilizer (pesticide) is not thorough the patent, easily causes line clogging problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of water based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system and its control method,
It integrates fertilising, application really with trickle irrigation, drip irrigation header is made to become water, fertilizer, the integrated system of medicine.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: water, fertilizer, medicine one based on drip irrigation header
Change system, injected system is dissolved including drip irrigation header system, for the solid of solid fertilizer or pesticide and for liquid fertilizer or
The liquid injection system of pesticide, the drip irrigation header system include the irrigation main pipeline connecting with water source, the irrigation main pipeline
On along water discharging direction be disposed with first connecting portion and second connecting portion, the irrigation main pipeline is located at first connecting portion and
Be provided with filter device on pipeline between two interconnecting pieces, it is characterised in that: the irrigation main pipeline be located at first connecting portion and
Be provided with the first return water non-return valve on pipeline between water source, the irrigation main pipeline be located at filter device and second connecting portion it
Between pipeline on be provided with the second return water non-return valve；
The solid dissolution injected system includes the spray irrigation dissolving tank of open topped, is sprayed the opening of dissolving tank
Top is correspondingly arranged on spray head, and spray head is connected at second connecting portion with the irrigation main pipeline by spray water supply line
It connects, is sprayed in dissolving tank and is equipped with spray pond filter screen, spray irrigation dissolving tank is divided by spray filtering net to be used to place
The upper spray irrigation dissolving tank of solid fertilizer or pesticide and lower spray irrigation dissolving tank for holding lysate；It is sprayed molten
It is provided with lysate collecting pit below Xie Chi, lysate collecting pit is by lysate flow in pipes at first connecting portion and institute
State and irrigate main pipeline connection, lower sprays irrigation dissolution bottom of pond portion, which is provided with, is sprayed dissolving tank outlet, lysate collecting pit and
It is sprayed dissolving tank outlet connection；
Conductivity gauge is provided in lower spray irrigation dissolving tank；Lysate injection valve is provided on lysate flow in pipes；Spray
Spray feed water valve is provided on leaching water supply line；The side-walls of the lysate collecting pit are provided with limnimeter.
The liquid injection system includes the barrel for holding liquid fertilizer or pesticide, and barrel passes through liquid injecting tube road
It is connect at first connecting portion with the irrigation main pipeline, sets gradually liquid note along liquid injection direction on liquid injecting tube road
Enter valve and fluid flowmeter.
The filter device be multistage filter structure, multistage filter structure include on the irrigations main pipeline edge go out
Centrifugal filter, filter and the disk filter that water direction is set gradually.
Slag-drip opening is provided at the upper bottom for being sprayed dissolving tank；The water pump of the drip irrigation header system is connected to
At irrigation main pipeline between first connecting portion and centrifugal filter；The irrigation main pipeline is located at second connecting portion and irrigates master
Mass flow meters are provided on pipeline between pipe water outlet.
It further includes acquisition and control system, and acquisition and control system includes monitoring unit, and monitoring unit is logical
News connect at least one field control unit, and each field control unit includes multi-channel data acquisition control module transmission mould
Block, multi-channel data acquisition control module sampling connection fluid flowmeter, mass flow meters, limnimeter and conductivity gauge, control connection
Lysate injection valve, spray feed water valve and liquid injection valve, multi-channel data acquisition control module are connected by transmission module and are supervised
Control unit.
The lysate injection valve, spray feed water valve and liquid injection valve select solenoid valve.
The spray pond filter screen is the anti-soda acid filter screen of multilayer.
The lysate collecting pit and the set-up mode for being sprayed dissolving tank outlet connection are as follows: lysate collecting pit is
Open topped structure is sprayed the open top that dissolving tank outlet is correspondingly arranged at lysate collecting pit.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the control methods of water, fertilizer, medicine integral system based on drip irrigation header, special
Sign is: it includes control method A and/or control method B, and control method A is the dissolution injection control of solid fertilizer or pesticide
Method, control method B are the injection control method of liquid fertilizer or pesticide；
The dissolution injection control method of the solid fertilizer or pesticide successively sequentially includes the following steps:
(1) solid fertilizer needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area or pesticide is weighted in advance, place the spray pond of spray dissolving tank
On filter screen；
(2) starting spray feed water valve impacts dissolution solid fertilizer or pesticide with strong current, through spray pond filter screen mistake
After filter, entered lysate collecting pit, when lysate collecting pit reaches certain capacity, i.e., lysate liquid level reaches highest limit
When, spray feed water valve is closed in control, while starting lysate injection valve, and fertilizer or pesticide lysate are injected into drip irrigation header system
System；When the injection of lysate collecting pit solution finishes, i.e., when lysate liquid level reaches minimum, lysate injection valve is closed in control,
And control starting sprays feed water valve again；It circuits sequentially repeatedly as described above, the conductivity gauge in lower spray irrigation dissolving tank
Read it is constant, this be sprayed at present the conductivity in dissolving tank reach minimum, as solid fertilizer or pesticide dissolution finish,
Spray feed water valve is closed in control at this time；
(3) after completing fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate, after continuing trickle irrigation 3-5 minutes, then next round irrigated area is carried out
The addition of fertilizer or pesticide；
(4) trickle irrigation terminates, and undissolved fertilizer or pesticide waste residue part need to be artificial by slag-drip opening on spray pond filter screen
It gives and removes；
The injection control method of the liquid fertilizer or pesticide successively sequentially includes the following steps:
(1) liquid fertilizer or pesticide are packed into barrel,
(2) dosage according to needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area, control open liquid injection valve, measure and apply through fluid flowmeter
Amount controls closing liquid injection valve when flow reaches required amount of application；
(3) after completing fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate, after continuing trickle irrigation 3-5 minutes, then next round irrigated area is carried out
The addition of fertilizer or pesticide；
(4) it when carrying out the fertilising of next round irrigated area or application, first carries out trickle irrigation 5-10 minutes, after trickle irrigation water outlet uniformly,
Unlatching liquid injection valve is controlled again, when fluid flowmeter reaches required amount of application, controls closing liquid injection valve；
(5) step (2) to step (4) circuits sequentially repeatedly, terminates until entire wheel irrigated area fertigation application.
The beneficial effect of system is in the present invention:
The present invention is not required in addition add dedicated fertilizer and pesticide filtering using irrigating stem water pump and filtering existing advantage
Equipment need to only add the note fertilizer liquid medicine injection system (solid dissolves injected system and liquid injection system) without power, and fertile medicine
Monitoring device and control switch valve are added in delivery pipe, gives full play to the water delivery power for irrigating stem, make fertilizer and medicine with irrigation
Pipeline automation carries out defeated fertilizer and loading, using this based on irrigation water, solution, the medical fluid integration mould of irrigating stem system
Formula opens corresponding irrigation valve in field irrigation according to actual needs, and infusing fertile liquid medicine injection system will be by the same water of solution medical fluid
Injection divides in water-supply-pipe together, and field is poured into after conglomerate integration, practical, at low cost, installs easy to operate, effectively solution
Large area farmland fertilization is administered non-uniform problem.
The present invention utilizes the strong of the irrigation water of drip irrigation header using the water-soluble principle of fertilizer or pesticide while irrigating
Big impulse force is sprayed fertilizer or pesticide, and water circulated sprinkling rinses, and ensure that fertilizer dissolution thoroughly, is dissolved using irrigation water itself
Fertilizer solution afterwards, into drip irrigation system after also would not block water irrigator again.
The present invention utilizes lysate injection valve, spray feed water valve, liquid injection valve, fluid flowmeter, mass flow meters, water level
Instrument, conductivity gauge and acquisition and the cooperation of control system realize automation control；Being sprayed dissolving tank has multiple filtration net, molten
It is from the first connecting portion injection before water pump that main pipeline is irrigated in solution liquid injection, and fertilizer (pesticide) lysate is again through drip irrigation header system
The multistage filtering of filter device on system, ensure that will not cause to block because of fertilizer problems of dissolution.
The present invention is molten to the thorough degree of dissolution and fertilizer (pesticide) of fertilizer (pesticide) using acquisition and control system
Solution collection liquid liquid level carries out automatically controlling, in terms of being mainly reflected in following two:
(1) spray feed water valve and the conductivity gauge automatic monitoring fertilizer for being mounted on spray irrigation dissolution bottom of pond portion are utilized
(pesticide) dissolves situation, when the lysate for being sprayed dissolving tank reaches the conductivity of irrigation water, or perhaps conductivity
When lower limit, illustrates that fertilizer (pesticide) thoroughly dissolves, that is, close spray feed water valve, stop spray.
(2) lysate collecting pit upper limit water level is monitored using limnimeter, spray is first closed when reaching the water level upper limit and is supplied water
Valve stops being sprayed fertilizer (pesticide), is then turned on lysate injection valve, injects fertilizer (pesticide) solution to main pipeline is irrigated,
When lysate liquid level reaches lower limit in liquid collecting pit to be dissolved, that is, stops the injection of fertilizer (pesticide) solution, be at this moment again started up
Feed water valve is sprayed, starts again at and carries out spray irrigation fertilizer (pesticide), so circulation is thoroughly dissolved as until fertilizer (pesticide)
Only.
The beneficial effect of control method is in the present invention:
This control method solves the problems, such as that fertilising and application are asynchronous with irrigation, because fertilizer (or for treating root of the crop
The pesticide of the disease such as corruption) it has to be dissolved into the soil water and can just be absorbed, undissolved fertilizer (pesticide) plant is can not to absorb
It utilizes, so requiring to irrigate in agricultural production practice and applying fertilizer (medicine) while carrying out, that is, the water-fertilizer-pesticide that peasant says
Integration, the fertilizer being manured into soil in this way (pesticide) are only effectively.Using the invention, fertilizer can be needed (to need according to Different Crop
Medicine) feature, soil environment, the water requirement (dosage) of nutrient content (or dose) situation and different growing stages, it is given birth to entirely
It educates the phase applied fertilizer, be administered with irrigation, moisture and nutrient (pesticide) timing, quantitative, is supplied directly to crop in proportion, it can be with
Easily control the ratio between irrigation time, fertilizer amount, nutrient density and nutrient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system structure diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the water of the invention based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, including drip irrigation header system and
Injected system is dissolved for the solid of solid fertilizer or pesticide, the drip irrigation header system includes the irrigation master connecting with water source 1
Pipeline 12 is disposed with first connecting portion and second connecting portion, the irrigation along water discharging direction on the irrigation main pipeline 12
Main pipeline is provided with filter device on the pipeline between first connecting portion and second connecting portion, and described irrigation main pipeline 12
The first return water non-return valve 31 is provided on pipeline between first connecting portion and water source 1, the irrigation main pipeline 12 was located at
The second return water non-return valve 32 is provided on pipeline between filter device and second connecting portion.
The filter device is multistage filter structure, and multistage filter structure includes the edge on the irrigation main pipeline 12
Centrifugal filter 8, filter 9 and the disk filter 10 that water discharging direction is set gradually, the water of the drip irrigation header system
Pump 4 is connected at the irrigation main pipeline 12 between first connecting portion and centrifugal filter 8.The irrigation main pipeline 12 is located at water pump
At pipeline at pipeline between 4 and centrifugal filter 8, between filter 9 and disk filter 10, it is located at disk
Pressure gauge 6 is provided at pipeline between filter 10 and second connecting portion.
The solid dissolution injected system includes the spray irrigation dissolving tank 15 of open topped, is sprayed dissolving tank 15
Open top is correspondingly arranged on spray head 14, spray head 14 by spray water supply line 7 at second connecting portion with the irrigation
Main pipeline 12 connects, and is sprayed in dissolving tank 15 and is equipped with spray pond filter screen 17, and spray pond filter screen is the anti-soda acid of multilayer
Filter screen.Spray filtering net 17 will be sprayed dissolving tank 15 and divide to be used to place the upper spray irrigation of solid fertilizer or pesticide 16
Dissolving tank and lower spray irrigation dissolving tank for holding lysate 18；The lower section for being sprayed dissolving tank 15 is provided with lysate
Collecting pit 20, lysate collecting pit 20 are connected at first connecting portion with the irrigation main pipeline 12 by lysate flow in pipes 5
It connects, lower spray irrigation dissolution bottom of pond portion, which is provided with, is sprayed dissolving tank outlet 19, and lysate collecting pit 20 is open topped knot
Structure is sprayed the open top that dissolving tank outlet 19 is correspondingly arranged at lysate collecting pit 20.
Conductivity gauge 24 is provided in lower spray irrigation dissolving tank；Lysate injection valve is provided on lysate flow in pipes 5
22；Spray feed water valve 13 is provided on spray water supply line 7.
Water based on drip irrigation header of the invention, fertilizer, medicine integral system further include the liquid for liquid fertilizer or pesticide
Body injected system, liquid injection system include the barrel 28 for holding liquid fertilizer or pesticide, and barrel 28 is injected by liquid
Pipeline 29 is connect at first connecting portion with the irrigation main pipeline 12, on liquid injecting tube road 29 successively along liquid injection direction
Liquid injection valve 27 and fluid flowmeter 26 are set.
Slag-drip opening 25 is provided at the upper bottom for being sprayed dissolving tank；The irrigation main pipeline 12 is located at second and connects
Mass flow meters 11 are provided on socket part and the pipeline irrigated between main pipeline water outlet；The side-walls of the lysate collecting pit 20
It is provided with limnimeter 23.
The lysate injection valve 22, spray feed water valve 13 and liquid injection valve 27 select solenoid valve.
Water based on drip irrigation header of the invention, fertilizer, medicine integral system further include acquisition and control system, data
Acquisition includes monitoring unit, at least one field control unit of monitoring unit communication connection, each field control with control system
Unit includes multi-channel data acquisition control module transmission module, multi-channel data acquisition control module sampling connection liquid flow
Meter 26, mass flow meters 11, limnimeter 23 and conductivity gauge 24, control connection lysate injection valve 22, spray feed water valve 13 and liquid
Body injection valve 27, multi-channel data acquisition control module connect monitoring unit by transmission module.Acquisition and control system
06 month 2013 utility model patent filed in 27 days of the applicant (patent name: a kind of Precision Irrigation data acquisition with
Control system and Precision Irrigation system；Application number: CN201320378576.2) it discloses.Therefore, the acquisition of data used in the present invention
It is just no longer elaborated with the concrete principle and the course of work of control system.
The present invention is molten to the thorough degree of dissolution and fertilizer (pesticide) of fertilizer (pesticide) using acquisition and control system
Solution collection liquid liquid level carries out automatically controlling, in terms of being mainly reflected in following two:
(1) spray feed water valve 13 and the 24 automatic monitoring system of conductivity gauge for being mounted on spray irrigation 15 bottom of dissolving tank are utilized
Fertilizer (pesticide) dissolves situation, when the lysate for being sprayed dissolving tank 15 reaches the conductivity of irrigation water, or perhaps electricity
When the lower limit of conductance, illustrates that fertilizer (pesticide) thoroughly dissolves, that is, close spray feed water valve 13, stop spray.
(2) 20 upper limit water level of lysate collecting pit is monitored using limnimeter 23, spray is first closed when reaching the water level upper limit
Feed water valve 13 stops being sprayed fertilizer (pesticide), is then turned on lysate injection valve 22, injects fertilizer to main pipeline 12 is irrigated
(pesticide) solution when lysate liquid level reaches lower limit in liquid collecting pit 20 to be dissolved, that is, stops the injection of fertilizer (pesticide) solution,
At this moment it is again started up spray feed water valve 13, starts again at and carries out spray irrigation fertilizer (pesticide), so circulation is until fertilizer (agriculture
Medicine) thoroughly dissolution until.
The present invention is not required in addition add dedicated fertilizer and pesticide filtering using irrigating stem water pump and filtering existing advantage
Equipment need to only add the note fertilizer liquid medicine injection system (solid dissolves injected system and liquid injection system) without power, and fertile medicine
Monitoring device and control switch valve are added in delivery pipe, gives full play to the water delivery power for irrigating stem, make fertilizer and medicine with irrigation
Pipeline automation carries out defeated fertilizer and loading, using this based on irrigation water, solution, the medical fluid integration mould of irrigating stem system
Formula opens corresponding irrigation valve in field irrigation according to actual needs, and infusing fertile liquid medicine injection system will be by the same water of solution medical fluid
Injection divides in water-supply-pipe together, and field is poured into after conglomerate integration, practical, at low cost, installs easy to operate, effectively solution
Large area farmland fertilization is administered non-uniform problem.
The present invention utilizes the strong of the irrigation water of drip irrigation header using the water-soluble principle of fertilizer or pesticide while irrigating
Big impulse force is sprayed fertilizer or pesticide, and water circulated sprinkling rinses, and ensure that fertilizer dissolution thoroughly, is dissolved using irrigation water itself
Fertilizer solution afterwards, into drip irrigation system after also would not block water irrigator again.
The present invention utilizes lysate injection valve 22, spray feed water valve 13, liquid injection valve 27, fluid flowmeter 26, total stream
Meter 11, limnimeter 23, conductivity gauge 24 and acquisition and the cooperation of control system realize automation control；It is sprayed dissolving tank
There is multiple filtration net, it is from the first connecting portion injection before water pump, fertilizer (pesticide) lysate that main pipeline is irrigated in lysate injection
Multistage filtering again through filter device in drip irrigation header system, ensure that will not cause to block because of fertilizer problems of dissolution.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the control methods of water, fertilizer, medicine integral system based on drip irrigation header, it is wrapped
Control method A and/or control method B is included, control method A is the dissolution injection control method of solid fertilizer or pesticide, is made
It is used when with solid fertilizer or pesticide；Control method B is the injection control method of liquid fertilizer or pesticide, is using liquid fertilizer
Or it is used when pesticide.
The dissolution injection control method of the solid fertilizer or pesticide successively sequentially includes the following steps:
(1) solid fertilizer needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area or pesticide is weighted in advance, place the spray pond of spray dissolving tank
On filter screen 17；
(2) starting spray feed water valve 13 impacts dissolution solid fertilizer or pesticide with strong current, through spray pond filter screen
After 17 multiple filtrations, entered lysate collecting pit 20, when lysate collecting pit 20 reaches certain capacity, i.e. lysate liquid level
Reach highest to prescribe a time limit, spray feed water valve 13 is closed in control, while starting lysate injection valve 22, infuses fertilizer or pesticide lysate
Enter to drip irrigation header system；When the injection of 20 solution of lysate collecting pit finishes, i.e., when lysate liquid level reaches minimum, control is closed
Lysate injection valve 22 is closed, and control starting spray feed water valve 13 again；It circuits sequentially repeatedly as described above, until lower spray rushes
The conductivity gauge 24 washed in dissolving tank read it is constant, this be sprayed at present the conductivity in dissolving tank reach minimum, it is as solid
State fertilizer or pesticide dissolution finish, and spray feed water valve 13 is closed in control at this time；It is general 3-5 minutes every, a shower can be completed
Injection process is dissolved, 2-3 circulation can be completely dissolved fertilizer or pesticide；
(3) after completing fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate, after continuing trickle irrigation 3-5 minutes, then next round irrigated area is carried out
The addition of fertilizer or pesticide can guarantee that each wheel fertilizer that should apply of irrigated area and pesticide are all applied to crop in this way
Root gives full play to its effect；
(4) trickle irrigation terminates, and undissolved fertilizer or pesticide waste residue part need to pass through slag-drip opening 25 on spray pond filter screen 17
It manually gives and removes.
The injection control method of the liquid fertilizer or pesticide successively sequentially includes the following steps:
(1) liquid fertilizer or pesticide are packed into barrel 28, pool type structure can also be used in barrel 28；
(2) liquid injection valve 27 is opened in the dosage according to needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area, control, is applied through the metering of fluid flowmeter 26
Dosage controls closing liquid injection valve 27 when flow reaches required amount of application；
(3) after completing fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate, after continuing trickle irrigation 3-5 minutes, then next round irrigated area is carried out
The addition of fertilizer or pesticide；
(4) it when carrying out the fertilising of next round irrigated area or application, first carries out trickle irrigation 5-10 minutes, after trickle irrigation water outlet uniformly,
It controls again and opens liquid injection valve 27, when fluid flowmeter 26 reaches required amount of application, control closing liquid injection valve 27；
(5) step (2) to step (4) circuits sequentially repeatedly, terminates until entire wheel irrigated area fertigation application.
This control method solves the problems, such as that fertilising and application are asynchronous with irrigation, because fertilizer (or for treating root of the crop
The pesticide of the disease such as corruption) it has to be dissolved into the soil water and can just be absorbed, undissolved fertilizer (pesticide) plant is can not to absorb
It utilizes, so requiring to irrigate in agricultural production practice and applying fertilizer (medicine) while carrying out, that is, the water-fertilizer-pesticide that peasant says
Integration, the fertilizer being manured into soil in this way (pesticide) are only effectively.Using the invention, fertilizer can be needed (to need according to Different Crop
Medicine) feature, soil environment, the water requirement (dosage) of nutrient content (or dose) situation and different growing stages, it is given birth to entirely
It educates the phase applied fertilizer, be administered with irrigation, moisture and nutrient (pesticide) timing, quantitative, is supplied directly to crop in proportion, it can be with
Easily control the ratio between irrigation time, fertilizer amount, nutrient density and nutrient.
The present invention is integrated with trickle irrigation, applies fertilizer, is administered to one, to realize trickle irrigation, fertilising, the mesh for being administered integration
, thoroughly, waste residue remnants are few, and work efficiency is high, and expense is lower for fertilizer dissolution, are conducive to overcome the prior art and waste water, is molten
Solution effect is poor, is unfavorable for the deficiency efficiently applied fertilizer with irrigation.The present invention is applied in agricultural production practice, obtains preferable effect
Fruit.When it is practiced in tobacco field, installation is simple and convenient, and effect of increasing production is good, big according to the water yield of well and drip irrigation header power
Small, wheel irrigated area area, which can be controlled in 15-30 mus, to be advisable, and each drip irrigation header management wheel irrigated area 5-10 are advisable.The present invention according to
It needs to install or fractionation is very flexible, convenient for operation and automatic management.It was verified that 15 minutes or so complete with the invention
At the solid fertilising and the dissolution of pesticide in each wheel irrigated area and with the application of dripping irrigation water, 5 minutes or so completion liquid fertilizers and agriculture
The application with dripping irrigation water of medicine, fertigation and the application uniformity and accuracy are very good；Compared with normal irrigation fertilising, in cigarette
The water-fertilizer-pesticide integral method based on drip irrigation header is applied on grass, 15% or more yield of tobacco volume increase, excellent cigarette ratio increases bright
Aobvious, net benefits increases by 500 yuan or more, while society and obvious environment benefit per acre, and practicability is stronger.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention, although referring to above-described embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: still the present invention can be modified or be waited
With replacement, without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, or any substitutions, should all cover in power of the invention
In sharp claimed range.
Claims (9)
1. water, fertilizer, medicine integral system based on drip irrigation header, including drip irrigation header system, for solid fertilizer or pesticide
Solid dissolves injected system and for liquid fertilizer or the liquid injection system of pesticide, and the drip irrigation header system includes and water source
The irrigation main pipeline of connection is disposed with first connecting portion and second connecting portion along water discharging direction on the irrigation main pipeline,
It is provided with filter device on the pipeline that main pipeline is irrigated between first connecting portion and second connecting portion, feature exists
In: the first return water non-return valve, the filling are provided on the pipeline for irrigating main pipeline between first connecting portion and water source
It irrigates main pipeline and is provided with the second return water non-return valve on the pipeline between filter device and second connecting portion；
The solid dissolution injected system includes the spray irrigation dissolving tank of open topped, is sprayed the open top of dissolving tank
It is correspondingly arranged on spray head, spray head is connect at second connecting portion with the irrigation main pipeline by spraying water supply line, is sprayed
Leaching, which is rinsed in dissolving tank, is equipped with spray pond filter screen, and spray irrigation dissolving tank is divided by spray filtering net is used to place solid-state fertilizer
The upper spray irrigation dissolving tank and lower spray irrigation dissolving tank for holding lysate of material or pesticide；It is sprayed dissolving tank
Lower section is provided with lysate collecting pit, lysate collecting pit by lysate flow in pipes at first connecting portion with the irrigation
Main pipeline connection, lower spray irrigation dissolution bottom of pond portion, which is provided with, is sprayed dissolving tank outlet, and lysate collecting pit and spray rush
Wash dissolving tank outlet connection；
Conductivity gauge is provided in lower spray irrigation dissolving tank；Lysate injection valve is provided on lysate flow in pipes；Spray supplies
Spray feed water valve is provided on waterpipe；The side-walls of the lysate collecting pit are provided with limnimeter；
It sprays feed water valve starting and impacts dissolution solid fertilizer or pesticide with strong current, after spray pond filter screen filtration, into
Entered lysate collecting pit, when lysate collecting pit reaches certain capacity, i.e., lysate liquid level reaches highest and prescribes a time limit, and control is closed
Spray feed water valve is closed, while starting lysate injection valve, fertilizer or pesticide lysate are injected into drip irrigation header system；Work as dissolution
The injection of liquid collecting pit solution finishes, i.e., when lysate liquid level reaches minimum, lysate injection valve, and secondary control again are closed in control
Starting spray feed water valve；Circuit sequentially repeatedly as described above, until it is lower spray irrigation dissolving tank in conductivity gauge reading it is constant, this
At present the conductivity being sprayed in dissolving tank reaches minimum, and as solid fertilizer or pesticide dissolution finishes, and control is closed at this time
Close spray feed water valve.
2. the water according to claim 1 based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that: the liquid
Injected system includes the barrel for holding liquid fertilizer or pesticide, barrel by liquid injecting tube road at first connecting portion with
The irrigation main pipeline connects, and sets gradually liquid injection valve and fluid flow along liquid injection direction on liquid injecting tube road
Meter.
3. the water according to claim 2 based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that: the filtering
Device is multistage filter structure, and multistage filter structure includes setting gradually on the irrigation main pipeline along water discharging direction
Centrifugal filter, filter and disk filter.
4. the water according to claim 3 based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that: the upper spray
Slag-drip opening is provided at the bottom of leaching flushing dissolving tank；The water pump of the drip irrigation header system is connected to first connecting portion and centrifugation
At irrigation main pipeline between filter；The irrigation main pipeline is located at second connecting portion and irrigates between main pipeline water outlet
Mass flow meters are provided on pipeline.
5. the water according to claim 4 based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that: it further includes
Acquisition and control system, acquisition and control system include monitoring unit, at least one field of monitoring unit communication connection
Between control unit, each field control unit includes multi-channel data acquisition control module transmission module, and multi-channel data is adopted
Collect control module sampling connection fluid flowmeter, mass flow meters, limnimeter and conductivity gauge, control connection lysate injection valve, spray
Leaching feed water valve and liquid injection valve, multi-channel data acquisition control module connect monitoring unit by transmission module.
6. the water according to claim 5 based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that: the dissolution
Liquid injection valve, spray feed water valve and liquid injection valve select solenoid valve.
7. the water according to claim 5 based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that: the spray
Pond filter screen is the anti-soda acid filter screen of multilayer.
8. the water according to claim 5 based on drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that: the dissolution
Liquid collecting pit and the set-up mode for being sprayed dissolving tank outlet connection are as follows: lysate collecting pit is open topped structure, spray
The open top that dissolving tank outlet is correspondingly arranged at lysate collecting pit is rinsed in leaching.
9. using the control method of the described in any item water based on drip irrigation header of claim 6-8, fertilizer, medicine integral system,
It is characterized by: it includes control method A and/or control method B, control method A is the dissolution injection of solid fertilizer or pesticide
Control method, control method B are the injection control method of liquid fertilizer or pesticide；
The dissolution injection control method of the solid fertilizer or pesticide successively sequentially includes the following steps:
(1) solid fertilizer needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area or pesticide is weighted in advance, place the spray pond filtering of spray dissolving tank
On the net；
(2) starting spray feed water valve impacts dissolution solid fertilizer or pesticide with strong current, through spray pond filter screen filtration
Afterwards, entered lysate collecting pit, when lysate collecting pit reaches certain capacity, i.e., lysate liquid level reaches highest and prescribes a time limit,
Spray feed water valve is closed in control, while starting lysate injection valve, and fertilizer or pesticide lysate are injected into drip irrigation header system；
When the injection of lysate collecting pit solution finishes, i.e., when lysate liquid level reaches minimum, lysate injection valve is closed in control, and again
Secondary control starting spray feed water valve；It circuits sequentially repeatedly as described above, the conductivity gauge reading in lower spray irrigation dissolving tank
Constant, this is sprayed the conductivity in dissolving tank at present and reaches minimum, and as solid fertilizer or pesticide dissolution finishes, at this time
Spray feed water valve is closed in control；
(3) after completing fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate, after continuing trickle irrigation 3-5 minutes, then the fertilizer in next round irrigated area is carried out
Or the addition of pesticide；
(4) trickle irrigation terminates, and undissolved fertilizer or pesticide waste residue part need to manually be given by slag-drip opening on spray pond filter screen
It removes；
The injection control method of the liquid fertilizer or pesticide successively sequentially includes the following steps:
(1) liquid fertilizer or pesticide are packed into barrel,
(2) dosage according to needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area, control open liquid injection valve, measure amount of application through fluid flowmeter, when
When flow reaches required amount of application, closing liquid injection valve is controlled；
(3) after completing fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate, after continuing trickle irrigation 3-5 minutes, then the fertilizer in next round irrigated area is carried out
Or the addition of pesticide；
(4) it when carrying out the fertilising of next round irrigated area or application, first carries out trickle irrigation 5-10 minutes, after trickle irrigation water outlet uniformly, then controls
System opens liquid injection valve, when fluid flowmeter reaches required amount of application, controls closing liquid injection valve；
(5) step (2) to step (4) circuits sequentially repeatedly, terminates until entire wheel irrigated area fertigation application.
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| CN106857201A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-06-20 | 西北民族大学 | A kind of water-fertilizer integral filters water storage intelligent apparatus |
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| CN109005854B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆开凡农业科技有限公司 | Integrated drip irrigation system |
| CN111247935B (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2024-04-19 | 广西春之蓝农业科技有限公司 | Water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system |
| CN111679057A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-18 | 中国农业大学 | Leaching test device and test method |
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