CN106416573A - Water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system based on drip irrigation head and control method of system - Google Patents
Water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system based on drip irrigation head and control method of system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106416573A CN106416573A CN201610843812.1A CN201610843812A CN106416573A CN 106416573 A CN106416573 A CN 106416573A CN 201610843812 A CN201610843812 A CN 201610843812A CN 106416573 A CN106416573 A CN 106416573A
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- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- pesticide
- spray
- irrigation
- water
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/02—Combinations of filters of different kinds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system based on a drip irrigation head and a control method of the system. The water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system based on the drip irrigation head comprises a drip irrigation head system, a solid dissolution injection system and a liquid injection system, wherein the drip irrigation head system comprises a main irrigation pipeline provided with a first connecting part and a second connecting part sequentially in the water outlet direction, the solid dissolution injection system comprises a spraying, washing and dissolving tank with an opening at the upper part, a spray head is correspondingly arranged above the opening of the spraying, washing and dissolving tank and connected with the main irrigation pipeline at the second connecting part through a water spraying and supplying pipeline, and a spraying tank filtering net is paved in the spraying, washing and dissolving tank; a dissolving solution collecting tank is arranged below the spraying, washing and dissolving tank and connected with the main irrigation pipeline in the first connecting part through a dissolution liquid injection pipeline. Fertilizer application, pesticide application and drip irrigation are really integrated, so that the drip irrigation head becomes a part of the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural fertilizer, dispenser and irrigation technique field, more particularly to a kind of based on the water of drip irrigation header,
Fertilizer, medicine integral system and its control method.
Background technology
With the development of agricultural modernization, the liquid manure based on drip irrigation（Pesticide）Integrated technique has obtained one in vast rural area
Fixed accreditation, liquid manure（Pesticide）Integrated technique can achieve water-saving irrigation, realize comprehensive coordination and the integration of moisture and nutrient
Management, have the advantages that improving crop yield and quality, the strong adaptability to landform and geology, can conserve water and soil, becomes modern
The important symbol of agricultural.But the organic integration of liquid manure (pesticide) integration at present is not perfect enough, applies fertilizer single, or which is can only
For the administration of liquid fertilizer (pesticide), otherwise be can only be solid fertilizer (pesticide) administration), it is crucial that fertilizer (agriculture
Medicine) consumption control precision not high.
Existing fertilising (medicine) device mainly has fertilising (medicine) tank, Development of Venturi Fertilizer Applicator, syringe pump fertilizer apparatus, fertilizing box etc.
Several, its effect is to will be suitable for Gen Shi and be instantly dissolved in the fertilizer of water, pesticide, herbicide, change control medicine etc. in fertilising (medicine) device
In fully dissolve, then again crop root is transported to by drip irrigation system.Due to being applied to the liquid fertilizer of drip irrigation at present（Agriculture
Medicine）Few, and liquid fertilizer（Pesticide）Should not transport and preserve.Therefore, solid fertilizer（Pesticide）Or main drip irrigation with fertile come
Source, using solid fertilizer（Pesticide）When carrying out water-fertilizer integral operation by existing fertilising (medicine) device, these fertilising dresses
Put all exist solid fertilizer dissolving not thoroughly, waste residue is many, the shortcomings of note fertilizer duration.Fertilizer（Pesticide）Dissolving thoroughly or not easily
Line clogging problem is caused, always annoyings drip irrigation liquid manure（Pesticide）The popularization and application of integration.
Through finding, the patent document 1 of patent No. CN201410558859.4 discloses one kind to prior art literature retrieval
The distributed precision fertilizing device for administration of drugs of land for growing field crops drip irrigation.The patent of invention technical scheme is made a summary：A kind of distributed essence of land for growing field crops drip irrigation
Really fertilising device for administration of drugs, sets up the fertile liquid medicine injection system of note, fertilizer medicine supplying pipe road, sets up irrigation valve on point water-supply-pipe, and fertilizer is supplied
Medicine system and stem system connectivity, the always defeated fertilizer grug transportation tube that fertilizer medicine supplying pipe road includes to connect with fertilizer medication delivery systems with always defeated
Point defeated fertilizer grug transportation tube of fertile grug transportation tube connection, one end of the fertile liquid medicine injection system of note is connected with a point defeated fertilizer grug transportation tube, the fertile liquid medicine injection system of note
The other end and irrigate valve inlet communication.The pattern for individually being conveyed using this water, solution medicinal liquid, then in field irrigation
When open corresponding irrigation valve according to actual needs, solution medicinal liquid will be injected a point water delivery with water by note fertile liquid medicine injection system together
In pipe, after conglomerate integration, field is poured into, practical, low cost, installation operation is simple, efficiently solves large area farmland and applies
The uneven problem of fertilizer.
The patent document of patent No. CN201410558859.4 has the disadvantage that：
（1）The distribution pattern that the patent is individually conveyed using water, solution, medicinal liquid, needs and aqueduct is set up note fertilizer parallel and noted
Medicine system, fertilizer medicine supplying pipe road, two pipelines must be laid in such field, and one is hydraulic pipeline, and one is defeated fertilizer pencil road,
So as to cause not only workload big, and system control is excessively loaded down with trivial details.
（2）The connection of the solution of the patent, medicinal liquid and stem system is not disclosed, it is impossible to determination be pumping apply fertilizer medicine,
Or infusion fertilizer medicine, or venturi tube fertilising medicine etc..However, combined using stem system, either using pumping fertilising medicine, also
It is infusion fertilizer medicine, or venturi tube fertilising medicine all directly can be directly injected into main pipeline fertile medicine, hence into field.
（3）Organic integration being yet suffered from the patent not perfect enough, applying fertilizer single, fertilizer (pesticide) consumption controls precision
Not high problem.
（4）The patent running when, fertilizer（Pesticide）Dissolving not thorough, easily cause line clogging problem.
The patent document 2 of patent No. CN03202937.3 disclose a kind of irrigation, fertilising, dispenser pluck filling spray watering machine.
The technical scheme of the utility model patent is by water suction, pump water and water process parts, supplies fertilizer and agriculture to hydraulic pipeline in addition
The parts of medicine, support frame of fuselage etc. to constitute, it is characterised in that ask by suction hose in water pump to water source and be provided with filtering
The water suction bottom valve of device, is provided with water filter between water pump and water-supply-pipe, installs between water-supply-pipe and drip irrigation microspray irrigation pipe network
A hydraulic quick coupler is had to constitute water supply system：There is the aqueduct for being controlled by diversion control valve from the tipping of fertile spice bottom portion, also
Tipping has the proportion expression for being picked out by the suction nozzle filter being placed in fertile spice case, the suction nozzle filter outlet from fertile spice case
Water suction pencil is connected with suction hose and constitutes fertilizer liquid feed system.This utility model is a kind of small-sized drip irrigation spray watering machine,
Low cost, operates and easy to control, is adapted to machinery or manpower movement, is also adapted to the conventional various machine powers in rural area to prop up
Hold the work of its water pump.
The patent document of patent No. CN03202937.3 has the disadvantage that：
（1）Simply it is suitable for the occasion in a wheel irrigated area, does not give full play to the function of drip irrigation header, it is impossible to carry out automatization's control
System.
（2）Stem system is excessively simple, and filtration system is not suitable for water quality containing sand just with the drainage screen at absorbent chassis
Water source etc..
（3）Organic integration being yet suffered from the patent not perfect enough, applying fertilizer single, fertilizer (pesticide) consumption controls precision
Not high problem.
（4）The patent running when, fertilizer（Pesticide）Dissolving not thorough, easily cause line clogging problem.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system and its control method,
Fertilising, dispenser and real integrated of drip irrigation is made, makes drip irrigation header become water, fertilizer, the system of medicine integration.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：Based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine one
Change system, including drip irrigation header system, the solid dissolving injected system for solid fertilizer or pesticide and for liquid fertilizer or
The liquid injection system of pesticide, the drip irrigation header system includes the irrigation main pipeline being connected with water source, the irrigation main pipeline
On be disposed with first connecting portion and second connecting portion along water outlet direction, the irrigation main pipeline is located at first connecting portion and the
Defecator is provided with pipeline between two connecting portions, it is characterised in that：Described irrigation main pipeline be located at first connecting portion and
Be provided with the first backwater non-return valve on pipeline between water source, the irrigation main pipeline be located at defecator and second connecting portion it
Between pipeline on be provided with the second backwater non-return valve；
The solid dissolving injected system includes the spray irrigation dissolving tank of open topped, is sprayed the open top of dissolving tank
Spray head is correspondingly arranged on, spray head is connected with the irrigation main pipeline at second connecting portion by spraying water supply line, spray
Drench to rinse in dissolving tank and spray pond drainage screen is equipped with, spray filtering net will be sprayed dissolving tank and be divided into for placing solid-state fertilizer
Material or upper spray irrigation dissolving tank and the lower spray irrigation dissolving tank for holding lysate of pesticide；It is sprayed dissolving tank
Lower section is provided with lysate collecting pit, lysate collecting pit by lysate flow in pipes at the first connecting portion with the irrigation
Main pipeline connects, and lower spray irrigation dissolving tank bottom is provided with spray irrigation dissolving tank outlet, lysate collecting pit and spray punching
Wash dissolving tank outlet connection；
Conductivity meter is provided with lower spray irrigation dissolving tank；Lysate injection valve is provided with lysate flow in pipes；Spray is supplied
Spray feed water valve is provided with waterpipe；The side-walls of the lysate collecting pit are provided with limnimeter.
The liquid injection system includes the barrel for holding liquid fertilizer or pesticide, and barrel passes through liquid injecting tube road
Being connected with the irrigation main pipeline at first connecting portion, on liquid injecting tube road, liquid note is set gradually along liquid injection direction
Enter valve and fluid flowmeter.
The defecator is multistage filter structure, and multistage filter structure includes that edge goes out on the irrigation main pipeline
Centrifugal filter, filter and video disc filter that water direction sets gradually.
Slag-drip opening is provided with the upper bottom for being sprayed dissolving tank；The water pump of the drip irrigation header system is connected to
At irrigation main pipeline between first connecting portion and centrifugal filter；The irrigation main pipeline is located at second connecting portion and irrigates master
Mass flow meters are provided with pipeline between pipe water outlet.
It also includes acquisition and control system, and acquisition and control system includes monitoring unit, and monitoring unit leads to
News at least one field control unit of connection, each field control unit all includes multi-channel data acquisition control module transmission mould
Block, multi-channel data acquisition control module sampling connection fluid flowmeter, mass flow meters, limnimeter and conductivity meter, control connection
Lysate injection valve, spray feed water valve and liquid injection valve, multi-channel data acquisition control module is by transport module connection prison
Control unit.
The lysate injection valve, spray feed water valve and liquid injection valve are all from electromagnetic valve.
The spray pond drainage screen is the anti-soda acid drainage screen of multilamellar.
The set-up mode that the lysate collecting pit is connected with spray irrigation dissolving tank outlet is as follows：Lysate collecting pit is
Open topped structure, is sprayed the open top that dissolving tank outlet is correspondingly arranged at lysate collecting pit.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system control method, which is special
Levy and be：It includes control method A and/or control method B, and control method A is the dissolving injection control of solid fertilizer or pesticide
Method, control method B is the injection control method of liquid fertilizer or pesticide；
The dissolving injection control method of the solid fertilizer or pesticide is carried out successively according to the following steps：
（1）Will be weighted in advance to the solid fertilizer needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area or pesticide, the spray pond for placing spray dissolving tank is filtered
On the net；
（2）Starting spray feed water valve, dissolving solid fertilizer or pesticide is impacted with strong current, through spray pond filter screen filtration
Afterwards, lysate collecting pit was entered, and when lysate collecting pit reaches certain capacity, i.e., lysate liquid level reaches highest and prescribes a time limit,
Spray feed water valve is closed in control, while starting lysate injection valve, fertilizer or pesticide lysate is injected into drip irrigation header system；
When the injection of lysate collecting pit solution is finished, i.e., when lysate liquid level reaches minimum, control closing lysate injection valve, and again
Secondary control starts spray feed water valve；Circulate successively repeatedly as mentioned above, until the lower conductivity meter reading being sprayed in dissolving tank
Constant, this is sprayed the electrical conductivity in dissolving tank at present and reaches minimum, and as solid fertilizer or pesticide dissolving is finished, now
Spray feed water valve is closed in control；
（3）After fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate is completed, after continuing drip irrigation 3-5 minute, then the fertilizer for carrying out next round irrigated area
Or the addition of pesticide；
（4）Drip irrigation terminates, and on spray pond drainage screen, undissolved fertilizer or pesticide waste residue part need to be manually given by slag-drip opening
Remove；
The injection control method of the liquid fertilizer or pesticide is carried out successively according to the following steps：
（1）Liquid fertilizer or pesticide are loaded barrel,
（2）Consumption according to needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area, control is opened liquid injection valve, measures amount of application through fluid flowmeter, when
When flow reaches required amount of application, control closing liquid injection valve；
（3）After fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate is completed, after continuing drip irrigation 3-5 minute, then the fertilizer for carrying out next round irrigated area
Or the addition of pesticide；
（4）When the fertilising of next round irrigated area or dispenser is carried out, first carry out drip irrigation 5-10 minute, after drip irrigation water outlet is uniform, then control
System opens liquid injection valve, when fluid flowmeter reaches required amount of application, controls closing liquid injection valve；
（5）Step（2）To step（4）Circulate successively repeatedly, until the irrigated area fertigation dispenser of whole wheel is terminated.
In the present invention, the beneficial effect of system is：
The present invention is not required in addition set up special fertilizer and pesticide is filtered and set using irrigating stem water pump and filtering existing advantage
Standby, need to only set up the note fertilizer liquid medicine injection system without the need for power（Solid dissolving injected system and liquid injection system）, and fertile medicine exists
Monitoring device and controlling switch valve being set up in delivery pipe, gives full play to the water delivery power for irrigating stem, makes fertilizer and medicine with irrigation pipe
Road automatization carries out defeated fertilizer and loading, using this based on the irrigation water of irrigation stem system, solution, the medicinal liquid model of integration,
Corresponding irrigation valve is opened according to actual needs in field irrigation, the fertile liquid medicine injection system of note will by solution medicinal liquid with water together
In injection point water-supply-pipe, after conglomerate integration, field is poured into, practical, low cost, installation operation is simple, efficiently solves big
The uneven problem of area farmland fertilization dispenser.
The present invention using the water solublity principle of fertilizer or pesticide, while irrigating using drip irrigation header irrigation water strong
Big impulse force is sprayed fertilizer or pesticide, and water circulation is sprayed, it is ensured that fertilizer dissolving is thorough, is dissolved using irrigation water itself
Fertilizer solution afterwards, also would not block water irrigator again after entering drip irrigation system.
The present invention is using lysate injection valve, spray feed water valve, liquid injection valve, fluid flowmeter, mass flow meters, water level
Instrument, conductivity meter and collection achieve Automated condtrol with the cooperation of control system；Being sprayed dissolving tank has multiple filtration net, molten
The first connecting portion injection that main pipeline is from before water pump, fertilizer are irrigated in solution liquid injection（Pesticide）Lysate is again through drip irrigation header system
The multistage filtering of defecator on system, it is ensured that blocking will not be caused because of fertilizer problems of dissolution.
The present invention is using acquisition and control system to fertilizer（Pesticide）The thorough degree of dissolving and fertilizer（Pesticide）Molten
Solution collection liquid liquid level is automatically controlled, and is mainly reflected in following two aspects：
(1) using spray feed water valve and installed in the conductivity meter automatic monitoring fertilizer for being sprayed dissolving tank bottom（Pesticide）
Dissolving situation, when the lysate for being sprayed dissolving tank reaches irrigation electrical conductivity of water, or perhaps during the lower limit of electrical conductivity,
Fertilizer is described（Pesticide）Thoroughly dissolve, that is, spray feed water valve is closed, stops spray.
(2) lysate collecting pit upper limit water level being monitored using limnimeter, first closes spray when the water level upper limit is reached and supply water
Valve, stops being sprayed fertilizer（Pesticide）, lysate injection valve is then turned on, and fertilizer is injected to main pipeline is irrigated（Pesticide）Solution,
When lysate liquid level reaches lower limit in liquid collecting pit to be dissolved, that is, stop fertilizer（Pesticide）The injection of solution, is at this moment again started up
Spray feed water valve, starting again at carries out spray irrigation fertilizer（Pesticide）, so circulation is until fertilizer（Pesticide）Thoroughly it is dissolved as
Only.
In the present invention, the beneficial effect of control method is：
This control method solves fertilising and dispenser and irrigates asynchronous problem, because fertilizer (or for treating crop root-rot etc.
The pesticide of disease) must be dissolved in the soil water and could be absorbed, undissolved fertilizer (pesticide) plant is to absorb
, so require in agricultural production practice to irrigate and apply fertilizer (medicine) while carry out, that is, the water-fertilizer-pesticide one that peasant says
Change, the fertilizer (pesticide) being so manured into soil is only effectively.The invention is applied, fertile (needing medicine) spy can be needed according to Different Crop
Point, soil environment, nutrient content（Or dose）The water requirement (dosage) of situation and different growing stages, carry out the time of infertility with
Irrigation carries out applying fertilizer, dispenser, moisture and nutrient (pesticide) regularly, quantitative, be supplied directly to crop in proportion, can be easily
Ratio between control irrigation time, fertilizer amount, nutrient density and nutrient.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system structure diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the present invention based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, including drip irrigation header system and
For the solid dissolving injected system of solid fertilizer or pesticide, the drip irrigation header system includes the irrigation master being connected with water source 1
Pipeline 12, is disposed with first connecting portion and second connecting portion, the irrigation along water outlet direction on the irrigation main pipeline 12
Main pipeline is provided with defecator on the pipeline Wei Yu first connecting portion and second connecting portion between, the irrigation main pipeline 12
The first backwater non-return valve 31 is provided with pipeline between first connecting portion and water source 1, and the irrigation main pipeline 12 was located at
The second backwater non-return valve 32 is provided with pipeline between filter device and second connecting portion.
The defecator is multistage filter structure, and multistage filter structure includes edge on the irrigation main pipeline 12
Centrifugal filter 8, filter 9 and video disc filter 10 that water outlet direction sets gradually, the water of the drip irrigation header system
Pump 4 is connected at the irrigation main pipeline 12 between first connecting portion and centrifugal filter 8.The irrigation main pipeline 12 is located at water pump
At pipeline at pipeline between 4 and centrifugal filter 8, Wei Yu filter 9 and video disc filter 10 between, it is located at video disc
Pressure gauge 6 is provided with pipeline between filter 10 and second connecting portion.
The solid dissolving injected system includes the spray irrigation dissolving tank 15 of open topped, is sprayed dissolving tank 15
Open top is correspondingly arranged on spray head 14, spray head 14 by spray water supply line 7 at the second connecting portion with the irrigation
Main pipeline 12 connects, and is sprayed in dissolving tank 15 and is equipped with spray pond drainage screen 17, and spray pond drainage screen is the anti-soda acid of multilamellar
Drainage screen.Spray filtering net 17 is divided into the upper spray irrigation for placing solid fertilizer or pesticide 16 by dissolving tank 15 is sprayed
Dissolving tank and the lower spray irrigation dissolving tank for holding lysate 18；The lower section for being sprayed dissolving tank 15 is provided with lysate
Collecting pit 20, lysate collecting pit 20 is connected with the irrigation main pipeline 12 at first connecting portion by lysate flow in pipes 5
Connect, lower spray irrigation dissolving tank bottom is provided with spray irrigation dissolving tank outlet 19, and lysate collecting pit 20 is tied for open topped
Structure, is sprayed the open top that dissolving tank outlet 19 is correspondingly arranged at lysate collecting pit 20.
Conductivity meter 24 is provided with lower spray irrigation dissolving tank；Lysate injection valve is provided with lysate flow in pipes 5
22；Spray feed water valve 13 is provided with spray water supply line 7.
The liquid for also being included based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system for liquid fertilizer or pesticide of the present invention
Body injected system, liquid injection system includes the barrel 28 for holding liquid fertilizer or pesticide, and barrel 28 is injected by liquid
Pipeline 29 is connected with the irrigation main pipeline 12 at first connecting portion, on liquid injecting tube road 29 along liquid injection direction successively
Liquid injection valve 27 and fluid flowmeter 26 are set.
Slag-drip opening 25 is provided with the upper bottom for being sprayed dissolving tank；The irrigation main pipeline 12 is positioned at second even
Mass flow meters 11 are provided with pipeline between socket part and irrigation main pipeline outlet；The side-walls of the lysate collecting pit 20
It is provided with limnimeter 23.
The lysate injection valve 22, spray feed water valve 13 and liquid injection valve 27 are all from electromagnetic valve.
The present invention also includes acquisition and control system, data based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system
Collection includes monitoring unit, monitoring unit communication at least one field control unit of connection, each field control with control system
Unit all includes multi-channel data acquisition control module transport module, multi-channel data acquisition control module sampling connection liquid flow
Gauge 26, mass flow meters 11, limnimeter 23 and conductivity meter 24, control connection lysate injection valve 22, spray feed water valve 13 and liquid
Body injection valve 27, multi-channel data acquisition control module connects monitoring unit by transport module.Acquisition and control system
In 06 month 2013 utility model patent filed in 27 days of the applicant（Patent name：A kind of Precision Irrigation data acquisition with
Control system and Precision Irrigation system；Application number：CN201320378576.2）Disclosed.Therefore, data acquisition used by the present invention
Just no longer elaborate with the concrete principle of control system and work process.
The present invention is using acquisition and control system to fertilizer（Pesticide）The thorough degree of dissolving and fertilizer（Pesticide）Molten
Solution collection liquid liquid level is automatically controlled, and is mainly reflected in following two aspects：
(1) using spray feed water valve 13 and installed in the 24 automatic monitoring fertilizer of conductivity meter for being sprayed 15 bottom of dissolving tank
（Pesticide）Dissolving situation, when the lysate for being sprayed dissolving tank 15 reaches irrigation electrical conductivity of water, or perhaps electrical conductivity
Lower limit when, fertilizer is described（Pesticide）Thoroughly dissolve, that is, spray feed water valve 13 is closed, stops spray.
(2) 20 upper limit water level of lysate collecting pit is monitored using limnimeter 23, first close spray when the water level upper limit is reached
Feed water valve 13, stops being sprayed fertilizer（Pesticide）, lysate injection valve 22 is then turned on, and fertilizer is injected to main pipeline 12 is irrigated
（Pesticide）Solution, when lysate liquid level reaches lower limit in liquid collecting pit 20 to be dissolved, that is, stops fertilizer（Pesticide）The injection of solution,
At this moment it is again started up spraying feed water valve 13, starting again at carries out spray irrigation fertilizer（Pesticide）, so circulation is until fertilizer（Agriculture
Medicine）Till thoroughly dissolving.
The present invention is not required in addition set up special fertilizer and pesticide is filtered using irrigating stem water pump and filtering existing advantage
Equipment, need to only set up the note fertilizer liquid medicine injection system without the need for power（Solid dissolving injected system and liquid injection system）, and fertile medicine
Monitoring device and controlling switch valve being set up in delivery pipe, gives full play to the water delivery power for irrigating stem, makes fertilizer and medicine with irrigation
Pipeline automatization carries out defeated fertilizer and loading, using this based on the irrigation water of irrigation stem system, solution, medicinal liquid integration mould
Formula, opens corresponding irrigation valve according to actual needs in field irrigation, and the fertile liquid medicine injection system of note will be by same for solution medicinal liquid water
Together in injection point water-supply-pipe, after conglomerate integration, field is poured into, practical, low cost, installation operation is simple, effectively solving
Large area farmland fertilization dispenser uneven problem.
The present invention using the water solublity principle of fertilizer or pesticide, while irrigating using drip irrigation header irrigation water strong
Big impulse force is sprayed fertilizer or pesticide, and water circulation is sprayed, it is ensured that fertilizer dissolving is thorough, is dissolved using irrigation water itself
Fertilizer solution afterwards, also would not block water irrigator again after entering drip irrigation system.
The present invention is using lysate injection valve 22, spray feed water valve 13, liquid injection valve 27, fluid flowmeter 26, total stream
Gauge 11, limnimeter 23, conductivity meter 24 and collection achieve Automated condtrol with the cooperation of control system；It is sprayed dissolving tank
There is multiple filtration net, the first connecting portion injection that main pipeline is from before water pump, fertilizer are irrigated in lysate injection（Pesticide）Lysate
Multistage filtering again through defecator in drip irrigation header system, it is ensured that blocking will not be caused because of fertilizer problems of dissolution.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system control method, it wrap
Control method A and/or control method B is included, control method A is the dissolving injection control method of solid fertilizer or pesticide, and which makes
Used with when solid fertilizer or pesticide；Control method B is the injection control method of liquid fertilizer or pesticide, is using liquid fertilizer
Or use during pesticide.
The dissolving injection control method of the solid fertilizer or pesticide is carried out successively according to the following steps：
（1）Will be weighted in advance to the solid fertilizer needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area or pesticide, the spray pond for placing spray dissolving tank is filtered
On net 17；
（2）Starting spray feed water valve 13, dissolving solid fertilizer or pesticide is impacted with strong current, through spray pond drainage screen more than 17
After layer is filtered, lysate collecting pit 20 was entered, when lysate collecting pit 20 reaches certain capacity, i.e. lysate liquid level reaches
Highest is prescribed a time limit, and spray feed water valve 13 is closed in control, while starting lysate injection valve 22, fertilizer or pesticide lysate is injected into
Drip irrigation header system；When the injection of 20 solution of lysate collecting pit is finished, i.e., when lysate liquid level reaches minimum, control is closed molten
Solution liquid injection valve 22, and control starts spray feed water valve 13 again；Circulate successively repeatedly as mentioned above, until lower spray irrigation is molten
24 reading of conductivity meter in Xie Chi is constant, and this is sprayed the electrical conductivity in dissolving tank at present and reaches minimum, as solid-state fertilizer
Material or pesticide dissolving are finished, and spray feed water valve 13 is closed in now control；General every 3-5 minute, you can complete a shower dissolving
Injection process, 2-3 circulation can be completely dissolved fertilizer or pesticide；
（3）After fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate is completed, after continuing drip irrigation 3-5 minute, then the fertilizer for carrying out next round irrigated area
Or the addition of pesticide, so can ensure that the fertilizer that should apply in each wheel irrigated area and pesticide are all applied to the root of crop
Portion, gives full play to its effect；
（4）Drip irrigation terminates, and on spray pond drainage screen 17, undissolved fertilizer or pesticide waste residue part need to be artificial by slag-drip opening 25
Give to remove.
The injection control method of the liquid fertilizer or pesticide is carried out successively according to the following steps：
（1）Liquid fertilizer or pesticide are loaded barrel 28, barrel 28 may also be employed pool type structure；
（2）Consumption according to needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area, liquid injection valve 27 is opened in control, is applied through the metering of fluid flowmeter 26
Amount, when flow reaches required amount of application, control closing liquid injection valve 27；
（3）After fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate is completed, after continuing drip irrigation 3-5 minute, then the fertilizer for carrying out next round irrigated area
Or the addition of pesticide；
（4）When the fertilising of next round irrigated area or dispenser is carried out, first carry out drip irrigation 5-10 minute, after drip irrigation water outlet is uniform, then control
System opens liquid injection valve 27, when fluid flowmeter 26 reaches required amount of application, control closing liquid injection valve 27；
（5）Step（2）To step（4）Circulate successively repeatedly, until the irrigated area fertigation dispenser of whole wheel is terminated.
This control method solves fertilising and dispenser and irrigates asynchronous problem, because fertilizer (or for treating root of the crop
The pesticide of the disease such as corruption) must be dissolved in the soil water and could be absorbed, undissolved fertilizer (pesticide) plant is to absorb
Utilize, so require in agricultural production practice to irrigate and apply fertilizer (medicine) while carry out, that is, the water-fertilizer-pesticide that peasant says
Integration, the fertilizer being so manured into soil (pesticide) is only effectively.The invention is applied, (can be needed according to the fertilizer that needs of Different Crop
Medicine) feature, soil environment, nutrient content（Or dose）The water requirement (dosage) of situation and different growing stages, is given birth to entirely
Educate the phase carry out applying fertilizer with irrigation, dispenser, moisture and nutrient (pesticide) regularly, quantitative, be supplied directly to crop in proportion, permissible
Easily control the ratio between irrigation time, fertilizer amount, nutrient density and nutrient.
The present invention is integrated with drip irrigation, applies fertilizer, is administered to one, it is achieved thereby that drip irrigation, fertilising, the mesh of dispenser integration
, fertilizer dissolving is thorough, and waste residue is remaining few, high working efficiency, and expense is relatively low, be conducive to overcoming prior art waste water, molten
Solution effect is poor, be unfavorable for irrigating the deficiency efficiently applied fertilizer.The present invention obtains preferable effect through applying in agricultural production practice
Really.When which is put into practice in vega, install simple and convenient, effect of increasing production is good, big according to the water yield of well and drip irrigation header power
Little, wheel irrigated area area can be controlled in 15-30 mu and is advisable, and each irrigated area 5-10, drip irrigation header management wheel is advisable.The present invention according to
Need to install or split very flexibly, be easy to operation and automated management.It was verified that using the invention, 15 minutes or so complete
Become solid fertilising and the dissolving of pesticide and the administration with dripping irrigation water in each wheel irrigated area, complete liquid fertilizer and agriculture within 5 minutes or so
The administration with dripping irrigation water of medicine, fertigation and the dispenser uniformity and degree of accuracy are very good；Compared with normal irrigation fertilising, in cigarette
The water-fertilizer-pesticide integral method based on drip irrigation header is applied on grass, and yield of tobacco increases production more than 15%, and excellent cigarette ratio increases bright
Aobvious, per mu of net benefits increases by more than 500 yuan, while society and obvious environment benefit, and practicality is stronger.
Above example is only in order to illustrative and not limiting technical scheme, although reference above-described embodiment is to this
Bright be described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that：Still the present invention can be modified or wait
With replacing, any modification or partial replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which all should cover the power in the present invention
In the middle of sharp claimed range.
Claims (9)
1. based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, including drip irrigation header system, for solid fertilizer or pesticide
Solid dissolving injected system and for liquid fertilizer or the liquid injection system of pesticide, the drip irrigation header system includes and water source
The irrigation main pipeline of connection, is disposed with first connecting portion and second connecting portion along water outlet direction on the irrigation main pipeline,
Defecator is provided with the irrigation pipeline of the main pipeline Wei Yu first connecting portion and second connecting portion between, its feature exists
In：The first backwater non-return valve, the filling are provided with the irrigation pipeline of the main pipeline Wei Yu first connecting portion and water source between
Irrigate and on pipeline of the main pipeline Wei Yu defecator and second connecting portion between, be provided with the second backwater non-return valve；
The solid dissolving injected system includes the spray irrigation dissolving tank of open topped, is sprayed the open top of dissolving tank
Spray head is correspondingly arranged on, spray head is connected with the irrigation main pipeline at second connecting portion by spraying water supply line, spray
Drench to rinse in dissolving tank and spray pond drainage screen is equipped with, spray filtering net will be sprayed dissolving tank and be divided into for placing solid-state fertilizer
Material or upper spray irrigation dissolving tank and the lower spray irrigation dissolving tank for holding lysate of pesticide；It is sprayed dissolving tank
Lower section is provided with lysate collecting pit, lysate collecting pit by lysate flow in pipes at the first connecting portion with the irrigation
Main pipeline connects, and lower spray irrigation dissolving tank bottom is provided with spray irrigation dissolving tank outlet, lysate collecting pit and spray punching
Wash dissolving tank outlet connection；
Conductivity meter is provided with lower spray irrigation dissolving tank；Lysate injection valve is provided with lysate flow in pipes；Spray is supplied
Spray feed water valve is provided with waterpipe；The side-walls of the lysate collecting pit are provided with limnimeter.
2. according to claim 1 based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that：The liquid
Injected system includes the barrel for holding liquid fertilizer or pesticide, barrel by liquid injecting tube road at the first connecting portion with
The irrigation main pipeline connection, sets gradually liquid injection valve and fluid flow along liquid injection direction on liquid injecting tube road
Meter.
3. according to claim 2 based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that：The filtration
Device is multistage filter structure, and multistage filter structure includes to set gradually along water outlet direction on main pipeline in described irrigation
Centrifugal filter, filter and video disc filter.
4. according to claim 3 based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that：The upper spray
Drench to rinse at the bottom of dissolving tank and be provided with slag-drip opening；The water pump of the drip irrigation header system is connected to first connecting portion and centrifugation
At irrigation main pipeline between filter；The irrigation main pipeline is located at second connecting portion and irrigates between main pipeline outlet
Mass flow meters are provided with pipeline.
5. according to claim 4 based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that：It also includes
Acquisition and control system, acquisition and control system includes monitoring unit, at least one field of monitoring unit communication connection
Between control unit, each field control unit all includes multi-channel data acquisition control module transport module, and multi-channel data is adopted
Collection control module sampling connection fluid flowmeter, mass flow meters, limnimeter and conductivity meter, control connection lysate injection valve, spray
Feed water valve and liquid injection valve is drenched, multi-channel data acquisition control module connects monitoring unit by transport module.
6. according to claim 5 based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that：The dissolving
Liquid injection valve, spray feed water valve and liquid injection valve are all from electromagnetic valve.
7. according to claim 5 based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that：The spray
Pond drainage screen is the anti-soda acid drainage screen of multilamellar.
8. according to claim 5 based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system, it is characterised in that：The dissolving
The set-up mode that liquid collecting pit is connected with spray irrigation dissolving tank outlet is as follows：Lysate collecting pit is open topped structure, spray
Drench the open top for rinsing that dissolving tank outlet is correspondingly arranged at lysate collecting pit.
9. usage right require any one of 6-8 described in based on the water of drip irrigation header, fertilizer, medicine integral system control method,
It is characterized in that：It includes control method A and/or control method B, and control method A is the dissolving injection of solid fertilizer or pesticide
Control method, control method B is the injection control method of liquid fertilizer or pesticide；
The dissolving injection control method of the solid fertilizer or pesticide is carried out successively according to the following steps：
（1）Will be weighted in advance to the solid fertilizer needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area or pesticide, the spray pond for placing spray dissolving tank is filtered
On the net；
（2）Starting spray feed water valve, dissolving solid fertilizer or pesticide is impacted with strong current, through spray pond filter screen filtration
Afterwards, lysate collecting pit was entered, and when lysate collecting pit reaches certain capacity, i.e., lysate liquid level reaches highest and prescribes a time limit,
Spray feed water valve is closed in control, while starting lysate injection valve, fertilizer or pesticide lysate is injected into drip irrigation header system；
When the injection of lysate collecting pit solution is finished, i.e., when lysate liquid level reaches minimum, control closing lysate injection valve, and again
Secondary control starts spray feed water valve；Circulate successively repeatedly as mentioned above, until the lower conductivity meter reading being sprayed in dissolving tank
Constant, this is sprayed the electrical conductivity in dissolving tank at present and reaches minimum, and as solid fertilizer or pesticide dissolving is finished, now
Spray feed water valve is closed in control；
（3）After fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate is completed, after continuing drip irrigation 3-5 minute, then the fertilizer for carrying out next round irrigated area
Or the addition of pesticide；
（4）Drip irrigation terminates, and on spray pond drainage screen, undissolved fertilizer or pesticide waste residue part need to be manually given by slag-drip opening
Remove；
The injection control method of the liquid fertilizer or pesticide is carried out successively according to the following steps：
（1）Liquid fertilizer or pesticide are loaded barrel,
（2）Consumption according to needed for corresponding wheel irrigated area, control is opened liquid injection valve, measures amount of application through fluid flowmeter, when
When flow reaches required amount of application, control closing liquid injection valve；
（3）After fertilizer or the injection of pesticide lysate is completed, after continuing drip irrigation 3-5 minute, then the fertilizer for carrying out next round irrigated area
Or the addition of pesticide；
（4）When the fertilising of next round irrigated area or dispenser is carried out, first carry out drip irrigation 5-10 minute, after drip irrigation water outlet is uniform, then control
System opens liquid injection valve, when fluid flowmeter reaches required amount of application, controls closing liquid injection valve；
（5）Step（2）To step（4）Circulate successively repeatedly, until the irrigated area fertigation dispenser of whole wheel is terminated.
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| CN107360776A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-11-21 | 江苏大学 | A kind of water medicine integration micro-spray system suitable for the dispenser of the grape leave back side |
| CN107381764A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 河南幔利橡树自动化科技技术有限公司 | A kind of PH automatons |
| CN107852935A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-30 | 湖北南轻法麦克斯作物营养有限公司 | A kind of water-fertilizer integral system suitable for earth surface water source |
| CN107852930A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-30 | 湖北南轻法麦克斯作物营养有限公司 | A kind of water-fertilizer integral system suitable for motor-pumped well water source |
| CN108040828A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-05-18 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Big stem irrigation system |
| CN108738612A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-06 | 陈奕筱 | Rice terrace irrigation system and method |
| CN109005854A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2018-12-18 | 重庆开凡农业科技有限公司 | Integrated drop irrigation system |
| CN109804912A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-05-28 | 四川果之道农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Labor-saving fertilizer liquid integration transportation system |
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| CN111679057A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-18 | 中国农业大学 | Leaching test device and test method |
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| CN108738612A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-06 | 陈奕筱 | Rice terrace irrigation system and method |
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| CN111679057A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-18 | 中国农业大学 | Leaching test device and test method |
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