CN106386585B - A kind of mandarin fish tames the cultural method for mixed feed of ingesting - Google Patents
A kind of mandarin fish tames the cultural method for mixed feed of ingesting Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386585B CN106386585B CN201610811297.9A CN201610811297A CN106386585B CN 106386585 B CN106386585 B CN 106386585B CN 201610811297 A CN201610811297 A CN 201610811297A CN 106386585 B CN106386585 B CN 106386585B
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- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of mandarin fish, the cultural method for mixed feed of ingesting is tamed more particularly to a kind of mandarin fish, can effectively tame mandarin fish make its ingest 100% mixed feed, food success rate is tamed and dociled up to 93% or more, even 96% or more, and, method of the invention can not only be tamed in cement aquaculture pond, can also successfully it be tamed in pond, it breaks through mandarin fish and concentrates the technological difficulties ingested, it solves the problems, such as that live bait is needed to cultivate mandarin fish, it realizes and artifical compound feed of ingesting is tamed with pond or cement pit breeding way mandarin fish, for the efficient of mandarin fish scale artificial breeding, low-cost popularization has established solid foundation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of mandarin fish, and in particular to a kind of mandarin fish tames the cultivation side for mixed feed of ingesting
Method.
Background technique
Mandarin fish is also known as mandarin fish, is the rare fish of fresh water, is under the jurisdiction of Perciformes Anabantoidei, is commonly called as mandarin fish, fat mandarin fish, mandarin fish
Deng.Growth is fast, individual is big, is suitable for the Mandarin fish of cultivation increasingly by the favor of the majority of consumers, referred to as Chinese famous-particular-excellent water
It produces the master in cultivation and supports kind, the situation that supply falls short of demand is presented in the market demand, and the market price is constantly soaring.But this fish
Characteristic of life is quite peculiar, and throughout one's life with live fish and shrimp to eat from opening food, the dead bait of food refusal or mixed feed, this phenomenon is in fish
It is very rare.
It has all been fed since mandarin fish commercialization cultivation with feeding live bait, mandarin fish seedling membrane is just food with other kinds of fries.
Using live bait carry out mandarin fish commercialization cultivation there is a problem of three it is main: 1, aquaculture cost is high, and live bait needs to use matched
Pond and personnel cultivate, and maintain the live bait supply of mandarin fish commercialization cultivation to require high；2, mandarin fish weed survival rate is low, mandarin fish
Seedling membrane is just food with other fries, and therefore, the survival rate of seed is low under natural conditions；3, live bait cultivation is also mandarin fish epidemic disease
The one of the major reasons of generation, an important factor for particularly resulting in Outbreak.
Due to problem above, although mandarin fish since its economic value is big, rare and become cultivation hot spot, since it is rare
The life characteristic seen cultivates especially large-scale cultivation to it and brings very big difficulty.
Currently, disclose not yet it is a kind of specifically mandarin fish tame make the cultural method of its mixed feed of ingesting.
Summary of the invention
Against the above deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of pair of mandarin fish and carries out taming the cultural method for making its mixed feed of ingesting.
The present invention reaches above-mentioned purpose by following scheme:
A kind of mandarin fish tames the cultural method for mixed feed of ingesting, comprising:
4 grams/fish or more of mandarin fish is tamed in aquaculture pond, the ventilatory capacity in aquaculture pond is 0.01-0.10m3/ minute throws
Feeding point intensity of illumination is 5000-15000lux, and domestication process includes:
(1) bait fish by the death time no more than 24 hours is hungry surely inferior to mandarin fish daily according to mandarin fish weight 15-20%
It is fed when hungry, feeds while giving conditioned signal, fed 2-3 days, such as 3 days；
(2) then, the dead bait fish no more than 24 hours is mixed with feed, the quality percentage that feed mixes when initial
Than for 5-15%, and 25%-35% is increased to according to the mixing of the amplification of daily 5-15%, and with the ratio of 25%-35%
Continue to feed 2-12 days, such as 10 days；
(3) soft pellet diet is made after mixing with feed according to mass ratio 1:1-1:2 using chilled fish, feeds 2-3 days；
(4) it on the basis of the soft pellet diet of step (3) formula, is reduced according to 5%-15% mass percent amplitude chilled
Fish amount prepares soft pellet diet, until using feedstuff feeding completely.
Above-mentioned cultural method can effectively tame mandarin fish make its ingest 100% mixed feed, tame and docile food success rate it is reachable
93% or more or even 96% or more, also, method of the invention can not only be tamed in cement aquaculture pond, and it can also be in pond
It is successfully tamed in the pool, breaks through mandarin fish and concentrate the technological difficulties ingested, solved the problems, such as that live bait is needed to cultivate mandarin fish, realize with pond
Or cement pit mode mandarin fish tames artifical compound feed of ingesting, efficient, the low-cost popularization for mandarin fish scale artificial breeding are established
Solid foundation is determined.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, invention is further explained.
The large-scale cultivation of mandarin fish, especially economic one of the important restriction factor of large-scale cultivation, exactly mandarin fish
It ingests characteristic.Inventor finds out a kind of mandarin fish domestication and ingests mixed feed by the long-term research for mandarin fish cultivation
Cultural method can especially realize in pond culture and successfully tame that domestication success rate is high, and mixed feed can be 100%
Feed, have important economic value.
A kind of mandarin fish tames the cultural method for mixed feed of ingesting, comprising:
4 grams/fish or more of mandarin fish is tamed in aquaculture pond, the ventilatory capacity in aquaculture pond is 0.01-0.10m3/ minute throws
Feeding point intensity of illumination is 5000-15000lux, and domestication process includes:
(1) the fresh bait fish by the death time no more than 24 hours is inferior to mandarin fish according to mandarin fish weight 15-20% surely daily
It is fed when fish starvation, feeds while giving conditioned signal, fed 2-3 days, such as 3 days；
(2) then, the dead fresh bait fish no more than 24 hours is mixed with feed, the mass percent of feed mixing
For 5%-15%, preferably 10%, and 25%-35% is increased to according to the mixing of the amplification of daily 5%-15% (preferably 10%),
It is preferred that 30%, and continue to feed 2-12 days with the ratio of 25%-35% preferably 30%, such as 4 days, 10 days；
(3) soft pellet diet is made after mixing with feed according to mass ratio 1:1-1:2 using chilled fish, feeds 2-3 days；
(4) on the basis of the soft pellet diet of step (3) formula, according to 5%-15% (preferably 10%) mass percent width
Degree reduces chilled fish amount and prepares soft pellet diet, until using feedstuff feeding completely.
In one preferred embodiment, a kind of mandarin fish tames the cultural method for mixed feed of ingesting, comprising:
4 grams/fish or more of mandarin fish is tamed in aquaculture pond, the ventilatory capacity in aquaculture pond is 0.01-0.10m3/ minute throws
Feeding point intensity of illumination is 5000-15000lux, and domestication process includes:
(1) bait fish by the death time no more than 24 hours is hungry surely inferior to mandarin fish daily according to mandarin fish weight 15-20%
It is fed when hungry, feeds while giving conditioned signal, fed 2-3 days, such as 3 days；
(2) then, the dead bait fish no more than 24 hours is mixed with feed, the mass percent of feed mixing is
10%, and 30% is increased to according to the mixing of daily 10% amplification, and continue to feed 2-12 days with 30% ratio, such as
4 days, 10 days；
(3) soft pellet diet is made after mixing with feed according to mass ratio 1:1-1:2 using chilled fish, feeds 2-3 days；
(4) it on the basis of the soft pellet diet of step (3) formula, is reduced according to preferably 10% mass percent amplitude chilled
Fish amount prepares soft pellet diet, until using feedstuff feeding completely.
Present invention preferably employs 4 grams/fish or more of mandarin fish seedlings to be tamed, naturally it is also possible to use smaller mandarin fish seedling
It kind is tamed, but inventors have found that the success rate tamed of too small mandarin fish seed is lower, further preferred 4 grams of the present invention/
- 8 grams/fish of tail of mandarin fish is tamed, and the domestication success rate of bigger mandarin fish seed can guarantee, but an equal amount of cultivation
Chi Zhong, excessive mandarin fish seed, which to tame successful mandarin fish quantity, to tail off, therefore, in terms of domestication success rate and economic value
Comprehensively consider, the mandarin fish that preferably 4 grams/fish of the present invention is tamed, and more preferable 4 grams/fish -8 grams/fish of mandarin fish is tamed.
Mandarin fish happiness yin fears strong light, therefore, during taming mandarin fish, needs to control intensity of illumination.Inventor is further
It was found that mandarin fish kind can all lower its cluster and ingest trend when intensity of illumination is lower than 5000lux or is greater than 15000lux, it is unfavorable
Feed domestication, therefore, the present invention are that 5000-15000lux range is fed in intensity of illumination, which is to feed a little
Intensity of illumination, the modes such as canopy can be covered by modification and be controlled, existed as long as being able to achieve and will feed intensity of illumination control
Mode within the scope of this can replace.
One of the reason of living bait being ingested when inventors have found that mandarin fish is from initial feeding as food may is that it does not like to take the photograph
The food of precipitating is eaten, therefore, inventor needs to slow down the subsidence velocity of dead bait fish when taming using dead bait fish,
Food is robbed with improve mandarin fish.The present invention is by the way of ventilatory capacity in control aquaculture pond, to slow down the subsidence velocity of dead bait fish,
Other modes that can slow down the subsidence velocity of dead bait fish all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention, as long as being able to achieve the purpose.
Inventor further study show that, the ventilatory capacity in aquaculture pond is controlled as 0.01-0.10m3It/minute, can be both
That slows down dead bait fish and/or feed sinks down into appropriate speed, and is unlikely to occur that water velocity is too fast, is unfavorable for fry growth
Or power consumption increases excessive uneconomic situation.
For the present invention during domestication, to further increase domestication success rate, selection feeds dead bait in mandarin fish starvation
Fish can determine starvation by observation mandarin fish abdomen size, and for raiser, determining that mandarin fish starvation is can be with
It realizes.
The dead bait fish fed in the present invention needs for fresh dead bait fish, and inventor is by groping to find, when dead
Between interference no more than 24 hours dead bait fish combination ventilatory capacities to the sinking of dead bait fish, be more well positioned to meet mandarin fish
It ingests demand.
In one preferred embodiment, when the conditioned signal of the step of above-mentioned domestication process (1) is using domestication fish
Any conditioned signal, as long as any mode for being able to achieve the purpose of in fish set up the condition reflection signal belongs to
In protection scope of the present invention, such as water-sprinkling, beat.
In one preferred embodiment, fixed time of the step of above-mentioned domestication process (1) is number fixed daily, root
According to the feeding habits of mandarin fish, the present invention preferably three times per day, such as it is early, middle and late three times.
In one preferred embodiment, it according to the eating habit of mandarin fish, to further increase domestication success rate, will tame and docile
The soft pellet diet prepared during changing is further defined to strip soft pellet diet.
In one preferred embodiment, the death time used during above-mentioned domestication is no more than 24 hours bait
Fish is not intended to limit the death pathways of bait fish, such as simple and convenient, the lethal bait fish of common dry fortune method.
In one preferred embodiment, it ingests the time to further increase mandarin fish domestication success rate and reducing cluster,
During above-mentioned domestication, step can add certain phagostimulant in (1), examine in terms of economic cost and attractant effect two
Consider, preferably the phagostimulant of addition 0.02%-0.2% weight percent, more preferably 0.1%.
In above-mentioned preferred embodiment, phagostimulant uses commercially available common phagostimulant, and what preferably mandarin fish was liked lures
Eat agent.
Inventors have found that in the breeding process due to mandarin fish, feeding behaviour is surround and seize in a manner of group ingesting, together
When, mandarin fish has the characteristic that cuts one another's throat again, therefore, during mandarin fish domestication, needs to control mandarin fish breeding density, can just make it
Not only preferably cluster was tamed, but also will not cut one another's throats slows down growth.
Inventors have found that can not only have been tamed in cement aquaculture pond using method of the invention, but also can be in pond
In tamed, the mode especially tamed in pond, difficulty is big, has filled up the blank of current mandarin fish domesticating and cultivating.
In one preferred embodiment, the aquaculture pond of mandarin fish domestication is cement aquaculture pond, the mandarin fish of cement aquaculture pond
Breeding density is 200-400 tail/m3。
In one preferred embodiment, when the cement aquaculture pond of mandarin fish domestication is 50m2When the above cement pit, adopt
One jiao or more is impaled with purse seine, and area is the 1/5-1/2 of cement pit, such as 1/4.
In one preferred embodiment, when using purse seine in the cement aquaculture pond of mandarin fish domestication, cement aquaculture pond
Interior purse seine is removed after 3-4 days.
In one preferred embodiment, the aquaculture pond of mandarin fish domestication is cement aquaculture pond, the mandarin fish of cement aquaculture pond
Breeding density is 200-400 tail/m3, when the cement aquaculture pond of mandarin fish domestication is 50m2When the above cement pit, impaled using purse seine
One jiao or more, the area that purse seine impales is the 1/5-1/2 of cement pit, such as 1/4, the purse seine in cement aquaculture pond was at 3-4 days
After remove.
In one preferred embodiment, the aquaculture pond of mandarin fish domestication is pond culture pond, the mandarin fish in pond culture pond
Breeding density is 3000-5000 tail/mu.
In one preferred embodiment, when pond culture pond is 2000m2When the above pond culture pond, using enclosing
Net impales one jiao or more, and the area that purse seine impales is 100-300m2。
Summarize in a preferred embodiment, when the pond culture pond of mandarin fish domestication uses purse seine, pond culture pond
Purse seine removed after 15-20 days.
In one preferred embodiment, the aquaculture pond of mandarin fish domestication is pond culture pond, the mandarin fish in pond culture pond
Breeding density is 3000-5000 tail/mu, when pond culture pond is 2000m2When the above pond culture pond, impaled using purse seine
One jiao or more, the area that purse seine impales is 100-300m2, the purse seine in pond culture pond removes after 15-20 days.
In one preferred embodiment, when using purse seine, mandarin fish density in purse seine area not less than 80 tails/
m2。
In domesticating and cultivating method of the invention, used feed can be any of fish meal or commercially available fish
Feed, especially mandarin fish man-made feeds provide a kind of feeding for present invention domestication in one preferred embodiment of the invention
The mandarin fish feed for growing method, according to mass percent meter, consisting of: 40% white fish meal, 10% red fish meal, 10% tanimoto powder,
10% fermented bean dregs, 12% expanded soybean, 5% dextrin, 5% fish oil, 4% calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 4% premix.The mandarin fish feed exists
Effect in domesticating and cultivating method of the invention has been confirmed.
Wherein, " bait fish " of the invention may be used for the fish of mandarin fish bait, in one preferred embodiment,
It can refer to the fries, fingerling such as the dace, crucian, flower silver carp cultivated in pond.
Wherein, " chilled fish " of the invention generally refers to small-sized, the low value fish of marine fishing, mainly there is anchovy, great Jia
Scad, green squama etc., freezen protective after fishing, the bait source for high value fish such as largemouth bass, Oxyeleotris marmoratus, mandarin fish etc..
The present invention properly feeds the parameters such as bait, control different mixing proportion, the increasing degree of type by selection, provides
A kind of domestication of the mandarin fish that domestication rate is high is ingested the method for mixed feed, be may be implemented 100% and is ingested mixed feed, for mandarin fish
Large-scale cultivation reduces disease incident in aquaculture cost and breeding process, improves culture efficiency.
In one preferred embodiment, it provides and a kind of tame mandarin fish in cement pit and ingest the cultivation side of mixed feed
Method, mandarin fish seed size are 4-6 grams/fish, and domesticating and cultivating pond is cement pit, cement pit 20-150m2, 0.5-1.5 meters of the depth of water, setting 3
It is a to feed a little, it each feeds and to be laid with a 6-10 bottom aeration plate, aeration disk diameter 60cm, 5-8 meters of aeration tube, during domestication
The ventilatory capacity for controlling aquaculture pond is 0.01-0.10m3/ minute is formed by aqueous vapor flow field, to slow down under bait fish or feed
Settling velocity degree, as cement pit is excessive to 50m2More than, it will need to be one jiao with purse seine, area is about cement pit 1/4, and purse seine area is not
Lower than 80 tails of mandarin fish seed/m2, cement pit purse seine removes after 3-4 days, feed at need to control intensity of illumination be 5000-
15000lux, cement pit feed a control day illumination intensity X area not less than the gross area 1/4.By the consistent mandarin fish seed of specification by putting
Supporting density is 200-400 tail/m3It puts in a suitable place to breed in cement pit.When beginning, first starvation mandarin fish seed, after checking in mandarin fish seed stomach without food,
The ooxygenation facility fed a little is only stayed, neighbouring ooxygenation facility is closed, is ingested with attracting mandarin fish seed to concentrate.First by living bait before feeding
Bait fish is sealed dead and used in dead 24 hours by fish (1/2-1/3 of a length of mandarin fish seed of body) using dry fortune method, and addition lures
Eat agent 0.01%, by water-sprinkling, the modes formation condition signal such as beat, while feeding dead bait fish, feed daily 3 times (point
Wei 7:00,11:00,18:00), Feeding time is 1-1.5 hour, day feeding volume for weight 15-20%；After 1-2 days, mandarin fish
Seed can concentrate and ingest；After 3 days, dead bait fish is mixed with feed, feed is adhered to body surface, pressed by mixed proportion 10%
Daily 10% increasing degree adds feed, until continuing to feed to 10 days according to 7:3 weight ratio by dead bait fish and feed after 6 days；11
After it, using by chilled fish with ice crusher by fish meal it is broken after, with feed by the weight ratio of 1:1 be put into soft-grain fodder-processing equipment mix
Close, soft pellet diet be made, feed is in long strip, specification is with mandarin fish seed be suitable for ingest and be advisable (4-6 grams/fish of mandarin fish, diameter of ingesting
3mm, 1.5-4 centimetres of length of strip feed；8-10 grams/fish of mandarin fish, ingest diameter 4mm, 2.5-6 centimetres of length of strip feed).
After 13 days, chilled fish is reduced by every two days 10% amounts of decrease, after 18 days, the ratio of feed can reach 100%.According to said method, mandarin fish
The tame and docile food success rate of seed is 93% or more or even 95% or more.
In one preferred embodiment, the cultural method that domestication mandarin fish in a kind of pond ingests mixed feed is provided,
Mandarin fish seed size is 4-6 grams/fish, and domesticating and cultivating pond is pond, feeds and is a little laid with 6-10 bottom aeration plate in advance, controls pond
Ventilatory capacity be 0.01-0.10m3/ minute is formed by aqueous vapor flow field, to slow down the subsidence velocity of bait fish or feed, if
It is pond, will need to has been one jiao with purse seine, area is not less than 100-300m2, purse seine area is not less than 80 tails of mandarin fish seed/m2, pond
It is removed after purse seine 15-20 days；It is 5000-15000lux that intensity of illumination need to be controlled at feeding, and pond feeds control day illumination
Intensity X area is not less than 80m2.It is 3000- by breeding density by the consistent mandarin fish seed of specification (4-6 grams/fish, the long 6-9cm of body)
5000 tails/mu is put in a suitable place to breed.When beginning, first starvation mandarin fish seed only stays the oxygenation fed a little to set after checking in mandarin fish seed stomach without food
It applies, closes neighbouring ooxygenation facility, ingested with attracting mandarin fish seed to concentrate.Before feeding first by living bait fish (a length of mandarin fish seed of body
) using dry fortune method bait fish is sealed dead and used in dead 24 hours, phagostimulant 0.01% is added, by sprinkling
Water the modes formation condition signal such as beats, while feeding dead bait fish, feeds daily 3 times, and Feeding time is 1-1.5 hours,
Day feeding volume is the 15-20% of weight；After 1-2 days, mandarin fish seed can concentrate and ingest；After 3 days, dead bait fish is mixed with feed,
Mixed proportion is 10%, and feed is adhered to body surface, is added by daily 10% increasing degree, until after 6 days, by dead bait fish and feed
Continue to feed to 10 days by weight 7:3.After 11 days, using by chilled fish with ice crusher by fish meal it is broken after, by weight with feed
Ratio than 1:1, which is put into soft-grain fodder-processing equipment, to be mixed, and soft pellet diet is made, and it is suitable for ingesting that feed specification, which is with mandarin fish seed,
And it is in long strip, after 13 days, chilled fish is reduced by every two days 10% amounts of decrease, after 18 days, the ratio of feed can reach 100%.
According to said method, the tame and docile food success rate of mandarin fish seed is 93% or more or even 95% or more.
In the present invention, it tames and dociles food success rate to be calculated by the following formula: taming and dociling food success rate=[recipient mantissa/(recipient
Mantissa+refuse trencherman mantissa) * 100%].
In the present invention, lux (lx) is the unit of illumination, reflects intensity of illumination, full name lux, and 1 lux is equal to 1 stream
The luminous flux of (lumen, lm) is uniformly distributed in 1m2Illuminance on area.
Embodiment 1
In Sanshui District, Foshan City town great Tang Miao Chang, a mandarin fish seed standard crude pool is selected, standard crude pool is cement pit, area
100m2, depth of water 0.6m, be laid out ooxygenation facility, use mesh for 1.5cm knotless net, impale 1/4 area of cement pit, setting is fed
Point, feed at place bottom aeration plate 3, triangular in shape, control day intensity of illumination is 5000-15000lux, 24 hours stream
Water, quantity of exchanged water are 3-6 times, and purse seine is removed after feeding 3-4 days.Put that 20,000 tail specifications are consistent, average weight is 4.5g mandarin fish seedling in a suitable place to breed
Kind.
When beginning, first starvation mandarin fish seed only stays the ooxygenation facility fed a little, closing after checking in mandarin fish seed stomach without food
Neighbouring ooxygenation facility is ingested with attracting mandarin fish seed to concentrate.First by living bait fish (1/2-1/3 of a length of mandarin fish seed of body) before feeding
Using dry fortune method bait fish is sealed dead and used as early as possible in dead 24 hours, added phagostimulant 0.01%, by water-sprinkling, strike
It the modes formation condition signal such as beats, while feeding dead bait fish, feed 3 times, respectively 7:00,11:00,6:00 daily, throw
Feeding the time is 1-1.5 hours, and day feeding volume is the 15-20% of weight；After 1-2 days, mandarin fish seed can concentrate and ingest；It, will be dead after 3 days
Bait fish and feed (according to mass percent meter, consisting of: 40% white fish meal, 10% red fish meal, 10% tanimoto powder, 10%
Fermented bean dregs, 12% expanded soybean, 5% dextrin, 5% fish oil, 4% calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 4% premix) it mixes, mixed proportion is
10%, feed is adhered to body surface, is added by daily 10% increasing degree, until after 6 days, by dead bait fish and feed relative ratio 7:3
Continue to feed to 10 days.After 11 days, using by chilled fish with ice crusher by fish meal it is broken after, with feed by weight the ratio of 1:1
Be put into soft-grain fodder-processing equipment and mix, be made soft pellet diet, feed specification be suitable for ingesting with mandarin fish seed, and it is in long strip
(diameter 3mm, 1.5-4 centimetres of length).After 13 days, chilled fish, after 18 days, the ratio of feed are reduced by every two days 10% amounts of decrease
It can reach 100%.After 20 days, harvest is counted, and it is 96% that mandarin fish seed, which tames and dociles food success rate, and mandarin fish seed average weight is 16.3g.
Embodiment 2
In Sanshui District, Foshan City town great Tang Miao Chang, a mandarin fish seed standard crude pool is selected, standard crude pool is pond, 6 mu of area, water
Deep 1.2-1.5m is laid out ooxygenation facility, uses mesh for 1.8cm knotless net, impale pond 260m2, feed table is built, setting is thrown
Point is fed, place is fed and places bottom aeration plate 8, rounded layout 6,2 aeration plates of intermediate placement are angular, using shading rate
Controlling day intensity of illumination for 90% shading net or other materials is 10000-15000lux, shading-area 60m2.Using photosynthetic thin
Bacterium, EM bacterium etc. periodically carry out water quality management, pay attention to the variation for detecting pond waters ammonia nitrogen, cultured water.Put 20,000 tail specifications one in a suitable place to breed
It causes, average weight is 5.6g mandarin fish seed.When beginning, first starvation mandarin fish seed only stays and feeds a little after checking in mandarin fish seed stomach without food
Ooxygenation facility, close neighbouring ooxygenation facility, ingested with attracting mandarin fish seed to concentrate.First by living bait fish, (body is a length of before feeding
The 1/2-1/3 of mandarin fish seed) using dry fortune method bait fish is sealed dead and is used as early as possible in dead 24 hours, add phagostimulant
0.01%, by water-sprinkling, the modes formation condition signal such as beat, while feeding dead bait fish, feeding 3 times daily is respectively 7:
00,11:00,18:00, Feeding time are 1-1.5 hours, and day feeding volume is the 15-20% of weight；After 1-2 days, mandarin fish seed can collect
In ingest；After 3 days, dead bait fish is mixed with feed, feed is adhered to body surface by mixed proportion 10%, by daily 10%
Increasing degree addition, until continuing to feed to 10 days by dead bait fish and feed relative ratio 7:3 after 6 days.After 11 days, using will be chilled
Fish with ice crusher by fish meal it is broken after, be put into soft-grain fodder-processing equipment and mix by weight the ratio of 1:1 with feed, soft particle is made
Feed, feed specification be suitable for ingesting with mandarin fish seed, and (diameter 3mm, 1.5-4 centimetres of length) in long strip.After 13 days, by every
Two days 10% amounts of decrease reduce chilled fish, and after 18 days, the ratio of feed can reach 100%.After 20 days, seine is counted, mandarin fish seed
Food success rate 93% is tamed and dociled, mandarin fish seed average weight is 24.7g.
Comparative example 1
In Sanshui District, Foshan City town great Tang Miao Chang, two outdoor tanks, area 15m are selected2, 1.5 meters of the depth of water, gas is installed
1/m of stone2, using water-flowing type aquaculture, 5-7 times of daily quantity of exchanged water.Put that 2000 tail specifications are consistent, average weight 4.2g in a suitable place to breed respectively
Mandarin fish seed, feeding light is day intensity of illumination.When mandarin fish seed is put in a suitable place to breed, living bait fish is fed, day feeding volume presses the 20% of weight
Fed, reduce the feeding volume of living bait fish after three days by the daily range of decrease 10%, daily increasing degree 10% feed seal it is dead fresh
Bait fish, and conditioned signal is used to attract mandarin fish to ingest.After 13 days, check that the mandarin fish seed for dead bait fish of ingesting tames and dociles food success rate only
For 55% and 63%.
The above, preferable specific embodiment only of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Design is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (11)
- The cultural method of mixed feed 1. a kind of mandarin fish domestication is ingested characterized by comprising4-8 grams/fish of mandarin fish is tamed in aquaculture pond, the ventilatory capacity in aquaculture pond is 0.01-0.1m3/ minute feeds illumination Intensity is 5000-15000lux, and domestication process includes:(1) when the bait fish by the death time no more than 24 hours is inferior to mandarin fish starvation according to mandarin fish weight 15-20% surely daily It feeds, feeds while giving conditioned signal, feed 2-3 days；(2) then, the dead bait fish no more than 24 hours is mixed with feed, the mass percent of feed mixing is 5%- 15%, and 25%-35% is increased to according to the mixing of the amplification of daily 5%-15%, then continue to throw with the ratio of 25%-35% It feeds 2-12 days, day feeding volume is the 10-15% of fish body weight；(3) soft pellet diet is made after mixing with feed according to mass ratio 1:1-1:2 using chilled fish, feeds 2-3 days, day feeds Amount is the 7-12% of fish body weight；(4) on the basis of the soft pellet diet of step (3) formula, chilled fish amount is reduced according to 5%-15% mass percent amplitude Soft pellet diet is prepared, until using feedstuff feeding completely, day feeding volume is the 5-10% of fish body weight.
- 2. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aquaculture pond is cement aquaculture pond, cement cultivation The mandarin fish breeding density in pond is 200-400 tail/m3。
- 3. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aquaculture pond is pond culture pond, pond culture The mandarin fish breeding density in pond is 3000-5000 tail/mu.
- 4. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that fixed time of the step (1) is three times per day.
- 5. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soft pellet diet is strip.
- 6. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also add weight hundred when feeding in the step (1) Dividing content is the phagostimulant of 0.02%-0.2%.
- 7. cultural method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that when the cement aquaculture pond is 50m2Above cement Chi Shi impales one jiao or more using purse seine, and area is the 1/5-1/2 of cement pit.
- 8. cultural method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that when pond culture pond is 2000m2It supports in above pond When growing pond, one jiao or more is impaled using purse seine, area 100-300m2。
- 9. cultural method according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that when using purse seine mode, in purse seine area Mandarin fish density is not less than 80 tails/m2。
- 10. cultural method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the purse seine in the cement aquaculture pond is after 3-4 days It removes.
- 11. cultural method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the purse seine in the pond culture pond is after 15-20 days It removes.
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| CN106719162A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 廉江市河唇易富养殖专业合作社 | A kind of domestication mandarin fish eats chilled or feed method |
| CN107360992A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-21 | 覃忠 | The method that mandarin fish instruction raises man-made feeds |
| CN108783113A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-13 | 珠海海龙生物科技有限公司 | A kind of postlarva special compound feed and its preparation method and application of hybridization mandarin fish |
| CN110089458B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2022-03-04 | 湖州南浔惠民渔业专业合作社 | Mandarin fish fry domestication method |
| CN110495411A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-26 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | A kind of cultural method of mandarin fish |
| CN112106704A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2020-12-22 | 广东梁氏水产种业有限公司 | Application of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus in improvement of domestication rate of siniperca chuatsi artificial feed |
| CN112154946B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-03-08 | 华中农业大学 | Method for cultivating indoor controllable inactivated bait fish with initial fish fries |
| CN113412801B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-10-04 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Simple method for rapidly domesticating zander |
| CN116391650A (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-07-07 | 林芝农垦嘎玛农业有限公司 | Method for rapidly domesticating mandarin fish fries |
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| CN103947586B (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-11-18 | 新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所 | A kind of method utilizing artifical compound feed to tame zander seed |
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